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Research groups from A to Z

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Oslo Centre for Interdisiplinary Environmental and Social Research.

Smog in Beijing (Photo: NR Sælthun, 2007).

Climate and the effects of climate change present one of the greatest challenges of our time. It is a very broad research field which ignores the traditional boundaries between geoscience disciplines.

A sketsh of storage of CO2 in the subsurface (Ill.: TA Thorsen, UiO).

Subsurface storage of CO2 may become a strategy for reducing emissions of climate gases to the atmosphere from large point sources.

The Research Council of Norway awarded 8 research centres for environmental friendly energy research (CEER) for 8 years in 2009. We contribute to one of these centres Subsurface CO2 storage – Critical Elements and Superior Strategy (SUCCESS).

The cryosphere concerns all the frozen water on the surface of the Earth, or put another way, the zone where snow, ice and permafrost affect the landscape and the processes that operate there.

Environmental geology is closely associated with the inter-relationship of people and nature, and the consequences of natural and man-made environmental changes at local, regional and global scales.

Las Colinas landslide in Santa Ana, El Salvador. Triggered by magnitude 7.3 earthquake in January 2003. 600 fatalities (La Prensa Gráfica/El Diario de Hoy, 2001).

Geohazards concerns the study of how natural processes and human activity can trigger events that represent a danger to both people and the environment.

Understanding how rocks occur in nature is an important part of understanding the larger picture, together with laboratory or computer work. Mapping geology in the field at different scales is therefore fundamental to understanding the various geological processes.

Geology is the study of the Earth’s origin, structure and change.

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Glacier- and permafrost-related hazards such as glacier floods, ice and rock avalanches, mass movements, or ice-clad volcanoes represent a continuous threat to human lives and infrastructure in high mountain regions. Disasters associated with the glacial and periglacial environment can cause thousands of casualties and damage in the order of millions of Euro in one event.

Hydrology is the study of the distribution and movement of water above, on and in the ground, including flow in streams and rivers (photo: N.R.Sælthun).

Hydrological knowledge is of great importance for both the protection and exploitation of our freshwater resources.

Illustration of the meteorit impact in the Barents sea 142 million year ago. Illustration: Jon Reierstad, UiO, 2006.

The three Norwegian impact structures; Gardnos in Hallingdal, Ritland  in Rogaland and Mjølnir in the Barents Sea, has been analysed in detail by our department through many years now in numerous projects.

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The research activities within the Section are varied, but a common denominator is quantitative computations with the aid of theoretical and numerical models.

In order to interpret what environmental conditions were like in the past, we need to understand the present. Why have these foraminifera climbed up a polychaete tube when most live down in the sediments? What are the consequences of this for the chemical composition of the shells? (Photo: E. Alve).

The micropaleontology group studies variation in the distribution and community structure amongst microfossils from different environmental conditions and from different periods.

Veslefrikk oil rig (Photo: N.R. Sælthun)

The group researches and teaches topics within petroleum geoscience.

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The global energy requirement is increasing rapidly.  Future energy supplies will have to cover the material growth which is necessary to secure an internationally fair distribution and economic growth.

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In 2003 a group of scientists from the Geosciences and Physics departments was awarded status as Centre of Excellence (CoE) by the Research Council of Norway, Physics of Geological Processes (CoE - PGP).

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SVALI is a Nordic Centre of Excellence (NCoE) appointed by the Top-level Research Initiative’s sub-programme Interaction between Climate Change and the Cryosphere in June 2010.

The hydrological cycle.

Water vapour exerts a controlling influence on many of the sources, sinks, transformations and transport mechanisms of trace species that together constitute biogeochemical cycles.