Publikasjonar frå instituttet

• Miller, Jason Rafe & Adjeroh, Donald A. (2024). Machine learning on alignment features for parent-of-origin classification of simulated hybrid RNA-seq. BMC Bioinformatics. ISSN 1471-2105. 25(1). doi: 10.1186/s12859-024-05728-3.
• Hadjineophytou, Chris; Loh, Edmund; Koomey, Michael & Scott, Nichollas E. (2024). Combining FAIMS based glycoproteomics and DIA proteomics reveals widespread proteome alterations in response to glycosylation occupancy changes in Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Proteomics. ISSN 1615-9853. doi: 10.1002/pmic.202300496.
• Shapouri, Sheyda; Sharifi, Aziz; Folkedal, Ole; Fraser, Thomas & Vindas, Marco (2024). Behavioral and neurophysiological effects of buspirone in healthy and depression-like state juvenile salmon. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. ISSN 1662-5153. 18. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1285413.
• Doudu, R; Linke, Dirk & Leo, Jack C. (2024). Fluorescent Labeling of Outer Membrane Proteins Using the SpyCatcher-SpyTag System. Methods in molecular biology. ISSN 1064-3745. 2778, s. 53–63. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3734-0_4.
• Saragliadis, Athanasios & Linke, Dirk (2024). Bacterial Envelope Fractionation. Methods in molecular biology. ISSN 1064-3745. 2778, s. 43–52. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3734-0_3.
• Meuskens, Ina; Leo, Jack C. & Linke, Dirk (2024). Recombinant Expression and Overproduction of Transmembrane beta-Barrel Proteins. Methods in molecular biology. ISSN 1064-3745. 2778.
• Uhlig, Silvio; Cai, Kun; Liskiewicz, Krystyna Anna; Pain, Maria; Aiko Grutle, Lene & Røberg-Larsen, Hanne [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Profiling of cyclic di-adenyl and -guanyl nucleotides and their precursors and degradation products in bacteria using LC–MS/MS. Separation Science Plus (SSC plus). ISSN 2573-1815. doi: 10.1002/sscp.202400039.
• Zhang, Kaiyi; Repnik, Urska; Diab, Nour; Friske, Daniel; Pütz, Andreas & Bachmann, Alina Z. [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Non-professional efferocytosis of Salmonella-infected intestinal epithelial cells in the neonatal host. Journal of Experimental Medicine (JEM). ISSN 0022-1007. 221(3). doi: 10.1084/jem.20231237.
• Korkmaz, Asli; Bernhardsen, Guro Pauck; Cirit, Burcu; Koprucu Suzer, Gayem; Kayan, Hale & Biçmen, Hülya [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Sudarshan Kriya Yoga Breathing and a Meditation Program for Burnout Among Physicians: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Network Open. ISSN 2574-3805. 7(1). doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.53978.
• Côté, Marianne; Englund, Göran; Andersen, Tom; Hessen, Dag Olav; Finstad, Anders Gravbrøt & Bélanger, Claude [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Towards modeling data-poor lakes at the regional scale using parameters from data-rich lakes and relationships to lake characteristics. INLAND WATERS. ISSN 2044-2041. doi: 10.1080/20442041.2023.2265798.
• Wang, Qiuying; Wei, Jing; Wan, Bin; An, Qiong; Gao, Jie & Zhuang, Guoqiang (2024). The regulation effect of preventing soil nitrogen loss using microbial quorum sensing inhibitors. Environmental Research. ISSN 0013-9351. 246. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118136.
• Frederiksen, Rikki Franklin; Urdahl, Anne Margrete; Simm, Roger; Granstad, Silje; Slettemeås, Jannice Schau & Lagesen, Karin [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Polyether ionophore resistance in a one health perspective. Frontiers in Microbiology. ISSN 1664-302X. 15(1347490), s. 1–11. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1347490. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hussain, Badra; Simm, Roger; Bueno, Jaime; Giannettou, Savvas; Naemi, Ali-Oddin & Lyngstadaas, Ståle Petter [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Biofouling on titanium implants: a novel formulation of poloxamer and peroxide for in situ removal of pellicle and multi-species oral biofilm. Regenerative Biomaterials. ISSN 2056-3426. 11. doi: 10.1093/rb/rbae014. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Opsahl, J. O.; Fragoso-Bargas, N.; Lee, Y.; Carlsen, E. Ø.; Lekanova, N. & Qvigstad, E. [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Epigenome-wide association study of DNA methylation in maternal blood leukocytes with BMI in pregnancy and gestational weight gain. International Journal of Obesity. ISSN 0307-0565. s. 1–10. doi: 10.1038/s41366-024-01458-x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Trégarot, Ewan; D'Olivo, Juan Pablo; Botelho, Andrea Zita; Cabrito, Andrea; Cardoso, Gabriel O. & Casal, Gema [Vis alle 21 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Effects of climate change on marine coastal ecosystems – A review to guide research and management. Biological Conservation. ISSN 0006-3207. 289. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2023.110394.
• Steifetten, Øyvind; Starholm, Trude Irene Thunshelle & Dale, Svein (2023). Lone male loser? Effects of spatial isolation on male pairing success in the ortolan bunting (Emberiza hortulana). Ornis Norvegica. ISSN 1892-9737. 46, s. 12–21. doi: 10.15845/on.v46.3873. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sand, Olav; Popper, Arthur N. & Hawkins, Anthony D. (2023). Evolution of the Understanding of Fish Hearing. I Ketten, Darlene R.; Coffin, Allison B.; Fay, Richard R. & Popper, Arthur N. (Red.), A History of Discoveries on Hearing. Springer Nature. ISSN 978-3-031-41319-3. s. 39–73. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-41320-9_3.
• Lee, Kiah Jane Oland; Raverty, Stephen; Cottrell, Paul; Zoveidadianpour, Zeinab; Cottrell, Brendan & Price, Dana [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) source identification and a maternal transfer case study in threatened killer whales (Orcinus orca) of British Columbia, Canada. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 13(1), s. 1–14. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-45306-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Elnes, Jonas O.; Moan, Andre Grande; Nilssen, Kjell Tormod; Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn & Bjørge, Arne Jostein (2023). Temporal and Spatial Distribution of Harbor Seal (Phoca vitulina) Risk of Entanglement in Gillnets Along the Norwegian Coast. Aquatic Mammals. ISSN 0167-5427. 49(6), s. 508–518. doi: 10.1578/AM.49.6.2023.508.
• Saidu, Nathaniel Edward Bennett; Larsen, Miriam Aarsund; Sørensen, Eva; Stensland, Maria; Nyman, Tuula Anneli & ULVMOEN, AINA [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Identifying a core protein signature of small extracellular vesicles derived from B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 99(3), s. 1–10. doi: 10.1111/sji.13341. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Guadagno, Noemi Antonella & Progida, Cinzia (2023). Probing the ER-Focal Adhesion Link During Cell Migration. I Margadant, Coert (Red.), Cell Migration in Three Dimensions. Springer. ISSN 978-1-0716-2886-7. s. 39–50. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2887-4_3.
• Lepperød, Mikkel Elle; Stöber, Tristan Manfred; Hafting, Torkel; Fyhn, Marianne & Kording, Konrad Paul (2023). Inferring causal connectivity from pairwise recordings and optogenetics. PLoS Computational Biology. ISSN 1553-734X. 19(11). doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011574. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Resseguier, Julien Alain Andre; Nguyen-Chi, Mai; Wohlmann, Jens; Rigaudeau, Dimitri; Salinas, Irene & Oehlers, Stefan H. [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Identification of a pharyngeal mucosal lymphoid organ in zebrafish and other teleosts: Tonsils in fish? Science Advances. ISSN 2375-2548. 9(44), s. 1–18. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adj0101. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Reinar, William Brynildsen; Tørresen, Ole K.; Nederbragt, Lex; Matschiner, Michael; Jentoft, Sissel & Jakobsen, Kjetill Sigurd (2023). Teleost genomic repeat landscapes in light of diversification rates and ecology. Mobile DNA. ISSN 1759-8753. 14(1), s. 1–12. doi: 10.1186/s13100-023-00302-9. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sandoz, Patrick A.; Kuhnigk, Kyra; Szabo, Edina Krisztina; Thunberg, Sarah; Erikson, Elina & Sandström, Niklas [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Modulation of lytic molecules restrain serial killing in γδ T lymphocytes. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 14(1), s. 1–16. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41634-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Heuschele, Jan David; Andersen, Tom; Walseng, Bjørn & Hessen, Dag Olav (2023). Assessing climatic and spatial variables influencing zooplankton richness for space-for-time predictions. Freshwater Biology. ISSN 0046-5070. 69(1), s. 64–73. doi: 10.1111/fwb.14193. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  1. The macroecological drivers of freshwater diversity are accredited geographical, spatial and climatic variables, but also to productivity, ecosystem age and landscape history. Locally diversity is also influenced by the dispersal ability of species. Here we evaluated how spatial and climatic variables influence species richness and macroecological patterns in Cladocera and Copepoda. We also discuss whether a space-for-time approach is suitable to predict the community's response to the current rapid warming of lakes. 2. We use the presence-absence of pelagic and littoral microcrustaceans in 1465 Norwegian lakes with a wide range of latitudinal, longitudinal, and altitudinal gradients, as well as a wide span in lake areas, to evaluate how spatial and climatic factors influence zooplankton diversity in two major groups: Cladocera and Copepoda. 3. Longitude and latitude per se were poor predictors of zooplankton richness, but a combination of spatial and ecological predictors gave a good spatial prediction of cladoceran and copepod richness. These two groups did, however, not differ in their spatial distribution, with a strikingly fixed proportion of copepods close to 0.3, suggesting no obvious Allee- effects regarding the mode of reproduction (asexual vs sexual). 4. Since temperature alone was a poor predictor of species richness for both groups and dispersal constraints can make it very difficult to estimate a new richness equilibrium under a future climate, space-for-time predictions may have limited value for assessing future patterns of microcrustacean diversity. 5. Based on a quite unique dataset in terms of the sheer number of sites, spatial gradients, and inclusion of littoral species, our study demonstrates that assessments on how changing climate will shape and modulate zooplankton communities in the future are problematic. biogeography, dispersal, diversity, lakes, micro-crustaceans

• Spildrejorde, Mari; Samara, Athina; Sharma, Ankush; Leithaug, Magnus; Falck, Martin Bengt Alfred & Modafferi, Stefania [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Multi-omics approach reveals dysregulated genes during hESCs neuronal differentiation exposure to paracetamol. iScience. ISSN 2589-0042. 26:107755(10), s. 1–29. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107755. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Geiseler, Samuel Jakob; Phan, Kimberly Dungdung; Brox, Camilla; Nguyen, Teresa Dang; Tartanoglu, Can Hicabi & Doosje, Hanne Lise [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Pre-stroke exercise does not reduce atrophy in healthy young adult mice. Neuroscience Letters. ISSN 0304-3940. 814. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137447. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Aksnes, Dag Lorents; Løtvedt, Anita Stene; Lindemann, Christian; Calleja, Maria Ll.; Morán, Xosé Anxelu G. & Kaartvedt, Stein [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Effects of migrating mesopelagic fishes on the biological carbon pump. Marine Ecology Progress Series. ISSN 0171-8630. 717, s. 107–126. doi: 10.3354/meps14373. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lobos, Natacha; Zulkefli, Khalisah Liyana; McAdam, Martin Berner; Vargas, Pablo; Bakke, Oddmund & Progida, Cinzia (2023). Rai14 is a novel interactor of Invariant chain that regulates macropinocytosis. Frontiers in Immunology. ISSN 1664-3224. 14, s. 1–15. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1182180. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ebensperger, Luis A.; Aspillaga-Cid, Antonia & Labra Lillo, Maria Antonieta (2023). Scientific impact of Chilean-based animal behavioralists is positively associated with co-authorships from developed countries, high impact factor journals, but not with gender. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural. ISSN 0716-078X. 96, s. 1–11. doi: 10.1186/s40693-023-00121-5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kumari, Pooja; Thuestad, Lars Harald & Ciosk, Rafal (2023). Post-transcriptional repression of CFP-1 expands the regulatory repertoire of LIN-41/TRIM71. Nucleic Acids Research (NAR). ISSN 0305-1048. 51(19), s. 10668–10680. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkad729. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Førland, Oddfrid T. Kårstad; Håkansson, Lena; Christiansen, Hanne H.; Dahl, Tina & Strømseng, Elise (2023). How formal initiatives to improve teaching can lead to more significant informal conversations and increased sharing practice. Nordic Journal of STEM Education. ISSN 2535-4574. 7(1), s. 84–97. doi: 10.5324/njsteme.v7i1.4951. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  University teachers grow professionally from conversations about learning and teaching with colleagues. Significant informal conversations can be facilitated through formal activities initiated from the institutional side. This case-study shows how a formal institutional initiative to enhance educational quality has facilitated more significant informal conversations. Such conversations power constructive feedback to the organisation, improve the formal quality development work at the institutional level, and increase the use of collegial experiences across the institution. We identify the formal initiative “Collegial sharing sessions” as particularly efficient for fuelling significant informal conversations within and across departments.

• Refsnes, Magne; Skuland, Tonje; Jørgensen, Rikke; Grytting, Vegard Sæter; Snilsberg, Brynhild & Øvrevik, Johan [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Role of different mechanisms in pro-inflammatory responses triggered by traffic-derived particulate matter in human bronchiolar epithelial cells. Particle and Fibre Toxicology. ISSN 1743-8977. 20(1). doi: 10.1186/s12989-023-00542-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lemma, Roza Berhanu; Ledsaak, Marit; Fuglerud, Bettina Maria; Rodriguez- Castañeda, Fernando; Eskeland, Ragnhild & Gabrielsen, Odd Stokke (2023). MYB regulates the SUMO protease SENP1 and its novel interaction partner UXT, modulating MYB target genes and the SUMO landscape. Journal of Biological Chemistry. ISSN 0021-9258. 299(9). doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105062. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  SUMOylation is a post-translational modification frequently found on nuclear proteins, including transcription factors (TFs) and coactivators. By controlling the activity of several TFs, SUMOylation may have far-reaching effects. MYB is an example of a developmental TF subjected to SUMO-mediated regulation, through both SUMO conjugation and SUMO binding. How SUMO affects MYB target genes is unknown. Here, we explored the global effect of reduced SUMOylation of MYB on its downstream gene programs. RNA-Seq in K562 cells after MYB knockdown and rescue with mutants having an altered SUMO status revealed a number of differentially regulated genes and distinct gene ontology term enrichments. Clearly, the SUMO status of MYB both quantitatively and qualitatively affects its regulome. The transcriptome data further revealed that MYB upregulates the SUMO protease SENP1, a key enzyme that removes SUMO conjugation from SUMOylated proteins. Given this role of SENP1 in the MYB regulome, we expanded the analysis, mapped interaction partners of SENP1, and identified UXT as a novel player affecting the SUMO system by acting as a repressor of SENP1. MYB inhibits the expression of UXT suggesting that MYB is able not only to control a specific gene program directly but also indirectly by affecting the SUMO landscape through SENP1 and UXT. These findings suggest an autoactivation loop whereby MYB, through enhancing SENP1 and reducing UXT, is itself being activated by a reduced level of repressive SUMOylation. We propose that overexpressed MYB, seen in multiple cancers, may drive this autoactivation loop and contribute to oncogenic activation of MYB.

• Engelfriet, Melanie Lianne; Malecki, Jedrzej Mieczyslaw; Forsberg, Frida; Falnes, Pål & Ciosk, Rafal (2023). Characterization of the biochemical activity and tumor-promoting role of the dual protein methyltransferase METL-13/METTL13 in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 18(6), s. 1–16. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287558. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Chappell, James M; Hartnett, John G; Iannella, Nicolangelo Libero; Iqbal, Azhar; Berkahn, David L & Abbott, Derek (2023). A new derivation of the Minkowski metric. Journal of Physics Communications. ISSN 2399-6528. 7(6). doi: 10.1088/2399-6528/acd986. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Olou, B.A.; Langer, E.; Ryvarden, Leif; Krah, F.-S.; Hounwanou, G.B. & Piepenbring, M. [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). New records and barcode sequence data of wood-inhabiting polypores in Benin with notes on their phylogenetic placements and distribution. Fungal Systematics and Evolution. ISSN 2589-3831. 11, s. 11–42. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2023.11.02. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Wang, Yunhao; Li, Yanjiao; Skuland, Trine; Zhou, Chengjie; Li, Aifu & Hashim, Adnan [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). The RNA m⁶A landscape of mouse oocytes and preimplantation embryos. Nature Structural & Molecular Biology. ISSN 1545-9993. 30(5), s. 703–709. doi: 10.1038/s41594-023-00969-x.
• Lin, Jie; Zhou, Xiaotian; Lu, Xiang; Xu, Yaofei; Wei, Zhipeng & Ruan, Aidong (2023). Grain size distribution drives microbial communities vertically assemble in nascent lake sediments. Environmental Research. ISSN 0013-9351. 227. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115828.
• Hessvik, Nina Pettersen; Sagini, Krizia; Romero, Silvana Angelica Troncoso; Ramirez, Manuel; Rodriguez, Marta & Tutturen, Astrid Elisabeth Voorham [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). siRNA screening reveals that SNAP29 contributes to exosome release. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS). ISSN 1420-682X. 80. doi: 10.1007/s00018-023-04822-8. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Verma, Sonia; Dal, Nils-Jørgen Knudsen; Srivastava, Ashish; Bharti, Reena; Siva Reddy, Reddy & Sofi, Hasham Shafi [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Inhaled Adjunct Therapy with Second-Line Drug Candidates for Dose Reduction in Chemotherapeutic Regimens for Multi-drug-Resistant Tuberculosis. AAPS PharmSciTech. ISSN 1530-9932. 24(5), s. 1–12. doi: 10.1208/s12249-023-02585-w.
• Cioetto-Mazzabò, Laura; Boldrin, Francesca; Beauvineau, Claire; Speth, Martin Tobias; Marina, Alberto & Namouchi, Amine [Vis alle 17 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). SigH stress response mediates killing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by activating nitronaphthofuran prodrugs via induction of Mrx2 expression. Nucleic Acids Research (NAR). ISSN 0305-1048. 51(1), s. 144–165. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac1173. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Johansen, Anette; Thiede, Bernd; Anonsen, Jan Haug & Nilsson, Göran Erik (2023). Surviving without oxygen involves major tissue specific changes in the proteome of crucian carp (Carassius carassius). PeerJ. ISSN 2167-8359. 11, s. 1–28. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14890. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Wei, Jing; Fontaine, Laurent; Valiente Parra, Nicolas; Dörsch, Peter; Hessen, Dag Olav & Eiler, Alexander (2023). Trajectories of freshwater microbial genomics and greenhouse gas saturation upon glacial retreat. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 14. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-38806-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Thiele, Stefan; Vader, Anna; Thomson, Stuart; Saubrekka, Karoline; Petelenz-Kurdziel, Elzbieta Anna & Rief Armo, Hilde [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). The summer bacterial and archaeal community composition of the northern Barents Sea. Progress in Oceanography. ISSN 0079-6611. 215, s. 1–9. doi: 10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103054. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Climate change related alterations in the Arctic have influences on the marine ecosystems, in particular on phytoplankton bloom dynamics. Since phytoplankton blooms are the main provider of carbon sources to the microbial loop, the bacterial and archaeal community are affected by the changes as well. Warmer water and less sea ice can lead to an earlier onset of phytoplankton blooms and consequently also to changes in the bacterial and archaeal community dynamics throughout Arctic summers. Here, we compared the bacterial and archaeal community composition during three summers (2018, 2019, and 2021) along a transect from the Barents Sea to the Arctic Ocean north of Svalbard. We used 16S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate changes in the communities in time and space. The main results showed that, Gammaproteobacteria (Nitrincolaceae), Bacteroidia (Polaribacter), and Alphaproteobacteria (SAR11 clade 1a members) dominated the bacterial and archaeal community in the surface waters but varied in abundance patterns between the years. The variations are potentially a result of different phytoplankton bloom stages and consequently differences in the availability of carbon sources. The distinctly different deep water communities were dominated by Candidatus Nitrosopumilus, Marinimicrobia, and members of the SAR324 clade in all years. The results indicate that changes in phytoplankton bloom dynamics can influence bacterial and archaeal community and thereby marine carbon cycling in surface waters, although direct links to the effects of global warming remain uncertain.

• Skotland, Tore; Llorente, Alicia & Sandvig, Kirsten (2023). Lipids in Extracellular Vesicles: What Can Be Learned about Membrane Structure and Function? Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. ISSN 1943-0264. 15(8), s. 1–18. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041415.
• Peres, R.S.; Bittencourt, F.; Robledo, G.L.; Drechsler-Santos, E.R.; Põldmaa, K. & Ryvarden, Leif [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Filling gaps in the phylogeny of Amauroderma s. lat. (Polyporales, Ganodermataceae). South African Journal of Botany. ISSN 0254-6299. 155, s. 140–153. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2023.02.018.
• Harder, Christoffer Bugge; Hesling, Emily; Botnen, Synnøve Smebye; Lorberau, Kelsey; Dima, Bálint & von Bonsdorff-Salminen, Tea [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Mycena species can be opportunist-generalist plant root invaders. Environmental Microbiology. ISSN 1462-2912. 25(10), s. 1875–1893. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.16398. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sand, Olav (2023). A journey through the field of fish hearing. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. ISSN 0001-4966. 153(5), s. 2677–2689. doi: 10.1121/10.0017833. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Brožová, Viktorie; Bolstad, Johannes; Seregin, Alexey P. & Eidesen, Pernille Bronken (2023). From everywhere all at once: Several colonization routes available to Svalbard in the early Holocene. Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2045-7758. 13(3). doi: 10.1002/ece3.9892. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  For many arctic species, the spatial (re-)colonization patterns after the last Pleistocene glaciation have been described. However, the temporal aspects of their colonization are largely missing. Did one route prevail early, while another was more important later? The high Arctic archipelago Svalbard represents a good model system to address timeframe of postglacial plant colonization. Svalbard was almost fully glaciated during last glacial maximum and (re-)colonization of vascular plants began in early Holocene. Early Holocene climatic optimum (HCO) supported an expanded establishment of a partly thermophilic vegetation. Today, we find remnants of this vegetation in sheltered regions referred to as “Arctic biodiversity hotspots”. The oldest record of postglacial plant colonization to Svalbard is found in Ringhorndalen-Flatøyrdalen. Even though thermophilic species could establish also later in Holocene, only HCO was favorable for vast colonization, and only hotspots offered stable conditions for thermophilic populations throughout Holocene. Thus, these relic populations may reflect colonization patterns of HCO. We investigate whether the colonization direction of thermophilic plants (Arnica angustifolia, Campanula uniflora, Pinguicula alpina, Tofieldia pusilla, and Vaccinium uliginosum ssp. microphyllum) in Ringhorndalen-Flatøyrdalen was uniform and different from later colonization events in other localities and non-thermophilic plants (Arenaria humifusa, Bistorta vivipara, Juncus biglumis, Oxyria digyna, and Silene acaulis). We analyzed plastid haplotypes of the 10 taxa from Ringhorndalen-Flatøyrdalen, from later-colonized localities in Svalbard, and from putative source regions outside Svalbard. Only rare and thermophilic taxa Campanula uniflora and Vaccinium uliginosum ssp. microphyllum provided results suggesting at least two colonization events from different source regions. Tofieldia pusilla and all the non-thermophilic plants showed no clear phylogeographically differentiation within Svalbard. Two of the thermophilic species showed no sequence variation. Based on the results, a uniform colonization direction to Svalbard in early Holocene is not probable; several source areas and dispersal directions were contemporarily involved.

• Afanou, Komlavi Anani; Mundra, Sunil; Estensmo, Eva Lena Fjeld; Pedersen, Ine; Liland, Rasmus & Eriksen, Elke [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Divergent TLR2 and TLR4 Activation by Fungal Spores and Species Diversity in Dust from Waste Sorting Plants. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. ISSN 0099-2240. 89(3). doi: 10.1128/aem.01734-22. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This manuscript presents the results of an exploratory study on the relationships between NF-κB response through Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation by dust characterized by fungal spore concentrations and species diversity. Personal total dust samples were collected from Norwegian waste sorting plants and then characterized for fungal spores and fungal species diversity, as well as for other bioaerosol components, including endotoxins and actinobacteria. The ability of the dust to induce an NF-κB response by activating TLR2 and TLR4 in vitro was evaluated, as well as the relationship between such responses and quantifiable bioaerosol components. The average concentrations of bioaerosols were 7.23 mg total dust m−3, 4.49 × 105 fungal spores m−3, 814 endotoxin units m−3, and 0.6 × 105 actinobacteria m−3. The mean diversity measurements were 326, 0.59, and 3.39 for fungal richness, evenness, and Shannon index, respectively. Overall, fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) belonging to the Ascomycota phylum were most abundant (55%), followed by Basidiomycota (33%) and Mucoromycota (3%). All samples induced significant NF-κB responses through TLR2 and TLR4 activation. While fungal spore levels were positively associated with TLR2 and TLR4 activation, there was a trend that fungal species richness was negatively associated with the activation of these receptors. This observation supports the existence of divergent immunological response relationships between TLR activation and fungal spore levels on one hand and between TLR activation and fungal species diversity on the other. Such relationships seem to be described for the first time for dust from waste facilities.

• Creamer, Adam; Fiego, Alessandra Lo; Agliano, Alice; Prados-Martin, Lino; Høgset, Håkon & Najer, Adrian [Vis alle 26 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Modular Synthesis of Semiconducting Graft Copolymers to Achieve “Clickable” Fluorescent Nanoparticles with Long Circulation and Specific Cancer Targeting. Advanced Materials. ISSN 0935-9648. doi: 10.1002/adma.202300413. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ciesielski, Tomasz Maciej; Sonne, Christian; Laastad, Eli Ingebjørg Smette; Villanger, Gro Dehli; Styrishave, Bjarne & Letcher, Robert J. [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Testosterone and persistent organic pollutants in East Greenland male polar bears (Ursus maritimus). Heliyon. ISSN 2405-8440. 9(3). doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13263. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are chemicals that undergo long-range transport to the Arctic. These chemicals possess endocrine disruptive properties raising concerns for development and reproduction. Here, we report the relationship between concentrations of testosterone (T) and persistent organic pollutant (POPs) in 40 East Greenland male polar bears (Ursus maritimus) sampled during January to September 1999–2001. The mean ± standard concentrations of blood T were 0.31 ± 0.49 (mean ± SD) ng/mL in juveniles/subadults (n = 22) and 3.58 ± 7.45 ng/mL in adults (n = 18). The ∑POP concentrations (mean ± SD) in adipose tissue were 8139 ± 2990 ng/g lipid weight (lw) in juveniles/subadults and 11,037 ± 3950 ng/g lw in adult males, respectively, of which Σpolychlorinated biphenyls (ΣPCBs) were found in highest concentrations. The variation in T concentrations explained by sampling date (season), biometrics and adipose tissue POP concentrations was explored using redundancy analysis (RDA). The results showed that age, body length, and adipose lipid content in adult males contributed (p = 0.02) to the variation in POP concentrations. However, although some significant relationships between individual organochlorine contaminants and T concentrations in both juveniles/subadults and adult polar bears were identified, no significant relationships (p = 0.32) between T and POP concentrations were identified by the RDAs. Our results suggest that confounders such as biometrics and reproductive status may mask the endocrine disruptive effects that POPs have on blood T levels in male polar bears, demonstrating why it can be difficult to detect effects on wildlife populations.

• Tislevoll, Benedicte Sjo; Hellesøy, Monica; Fagerholt, Oda Helen Eck; Gullaksen, Stein-Erik; Srivastava, Aashish & Birkeland, Even [Vis alle 24 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Early response evaluation by single cell signaling profiling in acute myeloid leukemia. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 14(1). doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-35624-4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Jeanmougin, Marine Anne-Lise Francoise; Brodal, Hans Petter; Pharo, Heidi Dietrichson; Vedeld, Hege Marie & Lind, Guro Elisabeth (2023). PoDCall: positive droplet calling and normalization of droplet digital PCR DNA methylation data. Bioinformatics. ISSN 1367-4803. 39(1). doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac766. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Isles, Peter D. F.; Creed, Irena F.; Hessen, Dag Olav; Kortelainen, Pirkko; Paterson, Michael & Pomati, Francesco [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Widespread synchrony in phosphorus concentrations in northern lakes linked to winter temperature and summer precipitation. Limnology and Oceanography Letters. ISSN 2378-2242. 8(4), s. 639–648. doi: 10.1002/lol2.10318. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Grødem, Sverre; Nymoen, Ingeborg; Vatne, Guro Helén; Rogge, Frederik Sebastian; Björnsdottir, Valgerdur & Lensjø, Kristian [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). An updated suite of viral vectors for in vivo calcium imaging using intracerebral and retro-orbital injections in male mice. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 14(1), s. 608–1. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-36324-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bhandari, Madhavi; Soria-Carrera, Héctor; Wohlmann, Jens; Dal, Nils-Jørgen; de la Fuente, Jesús M. & Martín-Rapún, Rafael [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Subcellular localization and therapeutic efficacy of polymeric micellar nanoparticles encapsulating bedaquiline for tuberculosis treatment in zebrafish. Biomaterials Science. ISSN 2047-4830. 11(6), s. 2103–2114. doi: 10.1039/d2bm01835g. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hatlem, Daniel; Christensen, Mikkel; Broeker, Nina; Kristiansen, Per Eugen; Lund, Reidar & Barbirz, Stefanie [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). A trimeric coiled-coil motif binds bacterial lipopolysaccharides with picomolar affinity. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. ISSN 2235-2988. 13. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1125482. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Crapart, Camille Marie; Finstad, Anders Gravbrøt; Hessen, Dag Olav; Vogt, Rolf David & Andersen, Tom (2023). Spatial predictors and temporal forecast of total organic carbon levels in boreal lakes. Science of the Total Environment. ISSN 0048-9697. 870. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161676. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Browning of Fennoscandian boreal lakes is raising concerns for negative ecosystem impacts as well as reduced drinking water quality. Declined sulfur deposition and warmer climate, along with afforestation, other climate impacts and less outfield grazing, have resulted in increased fluxes of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) from catchments to freshwater, and subsequently to coastal waters. This study assesses the major governing factors for increased TOC levels among several catchment characteristics in almost 5000 Fennoscandian lakes and catchments. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), a proxy for plant biomass, and the proportions of peatland in the catchment, along with surface runoff intensity and nitrogen deposition loading, were identified as the main spatial predictors for lake TOC concentrations. A multiple linear model, based on these explanatory variables, was used to simulate future TOC concentration in surface runoff from coastal drainage basins in 2050 and 2100, using the forecasts of climatic variables in two of the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSP): 1-2.6 (+2 °C) and 3-7.0 (+4,5 °C). These scenarios yield contrasting effects. SSP 1-2.6 predicts an overall decrease of TOC export to coastal waters, while SSP 3-7.0 in contrast leads to an increase in TOC export.

• Dal, Nils-Jørgen; Schäfer, Gabriela; Thompson, Andrew; Schmitt, Sascha; Redinger, Natalja & Alonso Rodriguez, Noelia [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Π-Π interactions stabilize PeptoMicelle-based formulations of Pretomanid derivatives leading to promising therapy against tuberculosis in zebrafish and mouse models. Journal of Controlled Release. ISSN 0168-3659. 354, s. 851–868. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.01.037. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bekkby, Trine; Torstensen, Ragnhild Ryther Grimm; Grünfeld, Lars Andreas Holm; Gundersen, Hege; Fredriksen, Stein & Rinde, Eli [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). ‘Hanging gardens’—comparing fauna communities in kelp farms and wild kelp forests. Frontiers in Marine Science. ISSN 2296-7745. 10. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2023.1066101. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  A growing need for food is causing increased interest for seaweed farming globally. This requires knowledge of the industry’s effects on the marine environment. We therefore aimed to explore the communities hosted by a kelp farm compared to that of wild kelp forests. The study was performed in mid-western Norway. Kelp associated fauna were collected from farmed kelp (Saccharina latissima and Alaria esculenta), in wild kelp forests (S. latissima, A. esculenta and Laminaria hyperborea), and from fauna traps in the water column. The study showed that the kelp farm had lower taxa abundance and richness and a lower biodiversity than the wild kelp forests. Nonetheless, the farmed kelp hosted many associated species, with communities different from what was found on ropes without kelp (i.e., in the water column). The fauna communities among the farmed kelp were more similar to what was found in the wild L. hyperborea kelp forest than to its wild counterparts. The difference between the fauna communities of ‘old’ and ‘young’ farmed kelp (grown for 3 and 7 months, respectively) was not significant, but the fauna was dominated by the isopod species Idotea pelagica in the young forest and by amphipods, mainly belonging to the genus Caprella, in the older. The study contributes to our knowledge of kelp farms’ ecological role in the marine environment, which is of importance for today’s management as well as for ensuring a sustainable future development of the kelp farming industry.

• Yoshimoto, Shogo; Aoki, Sota; Ohara, Yuki; Ishikawa, Masahito; Suzuki, Atsuo & Linke, Dirk [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Identification of the adhesive domain of AtaA from Acinetobacter sp. Tol 5 and its application in immobilizing Escherichia coli. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. ISSN 2296-4185. 10. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1095057. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Clarke, Mary L.; Lemma, Roza Berhanu; Walton, David Scott; Volpe, Giacomo; Noyvert, Boris & Gabrielsen, Odd Stokke [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). MYB insufficiency disrupts proteostasis in hematopoietic stem cells, leading to age-related neoplasia. Blood. ISSN 0006-4971. 141(15), s. 1858–1870. doi: 10.1182/blood.2022019138. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  MYB plays a key role in gene regulation throughout the hematopoietic hierarchy and is critical for the maintenance of normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). Acquired genetic dysregulation of MYB is involved in the etiology of a number of leukemias, although inherited noncoding variants of the MYB gene are a susceptibility factor for many hematological conditions, including myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). The mechanisms that connect variations in MYB levels to disease predisposition, especially concerning age dependency in disease initiation, are completely unknown. Here, we describe a model of Myb insufficiency in mice that leads to MPN, myelodysplasia, and leukemia in later life, mirroring the age profile of equivalent human diseases. We show that this age dependency is intrinsic to HSC, involving a combination of an initial defective cellular state resulting from small effects on the expression of multiple genes and a progressive accumulation of further subtle changes. Similar to previous studies showing the importance of proteostasis in HSC maintenance, we observed altered proteasomal activity and elevated proliferation indicators, followed by elevated ribosome activity in young Myb-insufficient mice. We propose that these alterations combine to cause an imbalance in proteostasis, potentially creating a cellular milieu favoring disease initiation.

• Garcia, Benjamin; Dong, Fen; Casadei, Elisa; Resseguier, Julien Alain Andre; Ma, Jie & Cain, Kenneth D. [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). A Novel Organized Nasopharynx-Associated Lymphoid Tissue in Teleosts That Expresses Molecular Markers Characteristic of Mammalian Germinal Centers. Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0022-1767. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200396.
• Tsigain, F. Tsigaing; Metsebing, B. P.; Mossebo, D. C.; Ryvarden, Leif; Oba, R. & Guifo, C. [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Enzymatic Activities, Characteristics of Wood-Decay and Wood Substrate Specificity within Genera of Some Wood-Rotting Basidiomycetes from Cameroon and Tropical Africa. European Journal of Biology and Biotechnology (EJBIO). ISSN 2684-5199. 3(1). doi: 10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.1.315.
• Lundsør, Elisabeth; Lømsland, Evy Rigmor; Johnsen, Torbjørn Martin; Engesmo, Anette; King, Andrew Luke & Staalstrøm, Andre [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Marine phytoplankton community data and corresponding environmental properties from eastern Norway, 1896–2020. Scientific Data. ISSN 2052-4463. 9. doi: 10.1038/s41597-022-01869-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nissen-Meyer, Jon; Skotland, Tore & Boye, Erik (2022). Are doping tests in sports trustworthy?: Athletes suffer from insufficiently defined criteria for doping tests: Athletes suffer from insufficiently defined criteria for doping tests. EMBO Reports. ISSN 1469-221X. 23. doi: 10.15252/embr.202154431.
• Svendsen, Camilla; Amlund, Heidi; Carlsen, Monica Hauger; Eriksen, Gunnar Sundstøl; Husøy, Trine & Lillegaard, Inger Therese Laugsand [Vis alle 27 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Food and chemical substances relevant for monitoring - Scientific Opinion of the Scientific Steering Committee of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment. VKM Report. ISSN 2535-4019. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  At request from the Norwegian Food Safety Authority (NFSA), VKM has identified food groups and food items consumed by the Norwegian population that are relevant for monitoring regarding content of one or more undesirable chemical substances (Figure 1). Undesirable chemical substances were defined as chemical substances in food that may constitute a potential health risk. VKM has created a knowledge base (an Excel file) as a tool for planning and prioritising monitoring of foods and undesirable chemical substances. The substance groups included in the knowledge base are flavourings, food additives, metals and metalloids, natural toxins, persistent organic pollutants, process-induced contaminants, substances in food contact materials, substances in food supplements, and trace elements. More than 40 different substances were included. Food items that are known contributors to exposure to an undesirable chemical substance were identified from quantitative and qualitative data, mainly from EFSA opinions and VKM risk assessments. Four national dietary surveys were used for identification of food items and food groups habitually eaten by the Norwegian population. The habitual diet was used to identify potential unknown sources of the substances. The information on known and unknown sources was compiled in a knowledge base comprised of 456 “undesirable chemical substance/food item” pairs that were identified to be relevant for monitoring. For each “undesirable chemical substance/food item” pair, the following information are included in the knowledge base: - Food category - Contribution to total exposure, including degree of contribution - Origin of occurrence data, and availability of Norwegian occurrence data - Remarks regarding sampling - Sources of the undesirable chemical substances in food - Risk (a combined score for hazard and exposure) Sampling of food is a complex area. Careful planning of the sampling strategy is needed and several parameters should be taken into consideration, depending on the properties of the chemical substance and the food item. Generic guidelines on sampling strategy, including sample number and frequency, have been provided in the report. Key words: VKM, health risk, monitoring, Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment, Norwegian Food Safety Authority, undesirable chemical substance.

• Hanes, Robert; Ayuda-Duran, Maria del Pilar; Rønneberg, Leiv; Nakken, Sigve; Hovig, Eivind & Zucknick, Manuela [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). screenwerk: a modular tool for the design and analysis of drug combination screens. Bioinformatics. ISSN 1367-4803. 39(1). doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac840. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sui, Xuesong; Klungland, Arne & Gao, Lu (2022). RNA m6A modifications in mammalian gametogenesis and pregnancy. Reproduction. ISSN 1470-1626. 165(1), s. R1–R8. doi: 10.1530/REP-22-0112.
• Su, Zhangli; Monshaugen, Ida; Klungland, Arne; Ougland, Rune & Dutta, Anindya (2022). Characterization of novel small non-coding RNAs and their modifications in bladder cancer using an updated small RNA-seq workflow. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. ISSN 2296-889X. 9. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.887686. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rusch, Johannes; Strand, David; Laurendz, Charlotte; Andersen, Tom; Johnsen, Stein Ivar & Edsman, Lennart [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Exploring the eDNA dynamics of the host-pathogen pair Pacifastacus leniusculus (Decapoda) and Aphanomyces astaci (Saprolegniales) under experimental conditions. NeoBiota. ISSN 1619-0033. 79, s. 1–29. doi: 10.3897/NEOBIOTA.79.82793. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ryvarden, Leif & Baltazar, Juliano M. (2022). A synopsis of the species of Hymenochaete (Hymenochaetaceae, Basidiomycota) with smooth hymenophore in South America. Lilloa. ISSN 0075-9481. doi: 10.30550/j.lil/2022.59.S/2022.07.15.
• Garcia, Benjamin; Dong, Fen; Casadei, Elisa; Resseguier, Julien; Ma, Jie & Cain, Kenneth D. [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). A Novel Organized Nasopharynx-Associated Lymphoid Tissue in Teleosts That Expresses Molecular Markers Characteristic of Mammalian Germinal Centers. Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0022-1767. 209(11), s. 2215–2226. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200396.
• Bousquet, Paula; Manna, Dipankar; Sandvik, Joe Alexander; Arntzen, Magnus Øverlie; Moreno, Ernesto & Sandvig, Kirsten [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). SILAC-based quantitative proteomics and microscopy analysis of cancer cells treated with the N-glycolyl GM3-specific anti-tumor antibody 14F7. Frontiers in Immunology. ISSN 1664-3224. 13. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.994790. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lundsør, Elisabeth; Eikrem, Wenche; Stige, Leif Christian; Engesmo, Anette; Gran-Stadniczeñko, Sandra & Edvardsen, Bente (2022). Changes in phytoplankton community structure over a century in relation to environmental factors. Journal of Plankton Research. ISSN 0142-7873. 44(6), s. 854–871. doi: 10.1093/plankt/fbac055. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Changes in phytoplankton abundance and biomass during the period 1933–2020 were examined by statistical modeling using data from the Inner Oslofjorden phytoplankton database. The phytoplankton abundances increased with eutrophication from 1930s to 1970s, but with the implementation of sewage cleaning measures and a resulting reduction in nutrient releases, the phytoplankton abundance has since then decreased significantly. The onset of the seasonal blooms has started progressively later during the last 15 years, especially the spring bloom. The delayed spring bloom co-occurred with increasing temperature in winter and spring. The diatom biomass decreased more than that of dinoflagellates and other microeukaryotes. The diatom genus Skeletonema dominated the spring bloom and was found to be the key taxa in explaining these changes in abundance and phenology. Extensive summer blooms of the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi, which has been characteristic for the inner Oslofjorden, has also gradually decreased during the last decades, along with reducing eutrophication. Dinoflagellates have not had the same reduction in abundance as the other groups. Despite an increasing proportion of dinoflagellates compared with other taxa, there are no clear indications of increased occurrence of toxic algal blooms in inner Oslofjorden. However, the introduction of new “toxin-producing” species may cause concern.

• Konestabo, Heidi Sjursen; Birkemoe, Tone; Leinaas, Hans Petter; van Gestel, Cornelis A.M.; Sengupta, Sagnik & Borgå, Katrine (2022). Pesticide effects on the abundance of springtails and mites in field mesocosms at an agricultural site. Ecotoxicology. ISSN 0963-9292. 31(9), s. 1450–1461. doi: 10.1007/s10646-022-02599-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Pham, Hanh Thi Hong; Cuong, Nguyen Chi; Nguyen, Nguyen Thi The; Anh, Pham Nguyet; Lien, Nguyen Thi & Linh, Hoang Bao [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). SUSTAINABLE BIOPLASTIC PRODUCED PROM AGRICULTURAL WASTE: A SOLUTION FOR REDUCING PLASTIC POLLUTION. Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology (VJST). ISSN 2525-2518.
• Rossini, Roberto; Kumar, Vipin; Rognes, Torbjorn; Mathelier, Anthony & Paulsen, Jonas (2022). MoDLE: High-performance stochastic modeling of DNA loop extrusion interactions. bioRxiv. ISSN 2692-8205. doi: 10.1101/2022.04.13.488157.
• Sengupta, Tanima; Lefol, Yohan Pierre; Lirussi, Lisa; Suaste Morales, Veronica; Lüders, Torben & Gupta, Swapnil [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Krill oil protects dopaminergic neurons from age-related degeneration through temporal transcriptome rewiring and suppression of several hallmarks of aging. Aging. ISSN 1945-4589. 14(21), s. 8661–8687. doi: 10.18632/aging.204375. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Eftestøl, Einar; Ochi, Eisuke; Juvkam, Inga; Hansson, Kenth-Arne & Gundersen, Kristian (2022). A juvenile climbing exercise establishes a muscle memory boosting the effects of exercise in adult rats. Acta Physiologica. ISSN 1748-1708. 236(3). doi: 10.1111/apha.13879.
• Potolitsyna, Evdokiia; Hazell Pickering, Sarah Jai; Tooming-Klunderud, Ave; Collas, Philippe & Briand, Nolwenn (2022). De novo annotation of lncRNA HOTAIR transcripts by long-read RNA capture-seq reveals a differentiation-driven isoform switch. BMC Genomics. ISSN 1471-2164. 23(1). doi: 10.1186/s12864-022-08887-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Puts, Isolde Callisto; Ask, Jenny; Siewert, Matthias B.; Sponseller, Ryan A.; Hessen, Dag Olav & Bergström, Ann-Kristin (2022). Landscape determinants of pelagic and benthic primary production in northern lakes. Global Change Biology. ISSN 1354-1013. 28(23), s. 7063–7077. doi: 10.1111/gcb.16409. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Newsham, Kevin K.; Misiak, Marta; Goodall-Copestake, William P.; Stapnes Dahl, Malin; Boddy, Lynne & Hopkins, David W. [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Experimental warming increases fungal alpha diversity in an oligotrophic maritime Antarctic soil. Frontiers in Microbiology. ISSN 1664-302X. 13. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1050372. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The climate of maritime Antarctica has altered since the 1950s. However, the effects of increased temperature, precipitation and organic carbon and nitrogen availability on the fungal communities inhabiting the barren and oligotrophic fellfield soils that are widespread across the region are poorly understood. Here, we test how warming with open top chambers (OTCs), irrigation and the organic substrates glucose, glycine and tryptone soy broth (TSB) influence a fungal community inhabiting an oligotrophic maritime Antarctic fellfield soil. In contrast with studies in vegetated soils at lower latitudes, OTCs increased fungal community alpha diversity (Simpson’s index and evenness) by 102–142% in unamended soil after 5 years. Conversely, OTCs had few effects on diversity in substrate-amended soils, with their only main effects, in glycine-amended soils, being attributable to an abundance of Pseudogymnoascus. The substrates reduced alpha and beta diversity metrics by 18–63%, altered community composition and elevated soil fungal DNA concentrations by 1–2 orders of magnitude after 5 years. In glycine-amended soil, OTCs decreased DNA concentrations by 57% and increased the relative abundance of the yeast Vishniacozyma by 45-fold. The relative abundance of the yeast Gelidatrema declined by 78% in chambered soil and increased by 1.9-fold in irrigated soil. Fungal DNA concentrations were also halved by irrigation in TSB-amended soils. In support of regional- and continental-scale studies across climatic gradients, the observations indicate that soil fungal alpha diversity in maritime Antarctica will increase as the region warms, but suggest that the accumulation of organic carbon and nitrogen compounds in fellfield soils arising from expanding plant populations are likely, in time, to attenuate the positive effects of warming on diversity. Antarctica, climate warming, open top chambers (OTCs), organic carbon, organic nitrogen, soil fungal community diversity, yeasts

• Fuglerud, Bettina Maria; Drissler, Sibyl; Lotto, Jeremy; Stephan, Tabea L.; Thakur, Avinash & Cullum, Rebecca [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). SOX9 reprograms endothelial cells by altering the chromatin landscape. Nucleic Acids Research (NAR). ISSN 0305-1048. 50(15), s. 8547–8565. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac652. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Su, Ming; Zhu, Yiping; Andersen, Tom; Wang, Xianyun; Yu, Zhiyong & Lu, Jinping [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Light-dominated selection shaping filamentous cyanobacterial assemblages drives odor problem in a drinking water reservoir. npj Clean Water. 5(1). doi: 10.1038/s41545-022-00181-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sand, Kine Marita Knudsen; Gruber, Michael M.; Sandlie, Inger; Mathiesen, Line; Andersen, Jan Terje & Wadsack, Christian (2022). Contribution of the ex vivo placental perfusion model in understanding transplacental immunoglobulin G transfer. Placenta. ISSN 0143-4004. 127, s. 77–87. doi: 10.1016/j.placenta.2022.07.019. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Anderson, Thomas R.; Hessen, Dag Olav; Gentleman, Wendy C.; Yool, Andrew & Mayor, Daniel J. (2022). Quantifying the roles of food intake and stored lipid for growth and development throughout the life cycle of a high-latitude copepod, and consequences for ocean carbon sequestration. Frontiers in Marine Science. ISSN 2296-7745. 9. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2022.928209. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Frick, Rahel; Høydahl, Lene Støkken; Hodnebrug, Ina; Vik, Erik Sebastian; Dalhus, Bjørn & Sollid, Ludvig Magne [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Affinity maturation of TCR-like antibodies using phage display guided by structural modeling. Protein Engineering Design & Selection. ISSN 1741-0126. 35. doi: 10.1093/protein/gzac005. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Valiente Parra, Nicolas; Jirsa, Franz & Gómez-Alday, Juan José (2022). Saline lakes as barriers against pollution: A multidisciplinary overview. Limnetica. ISSN 0213-8409. 41(2), s. 281–303. doi: 10.23818/limn.41.17. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lång, Emma Helena; Pedersen, Christian; Lång, Anna Ulrika; Blicher, Pernille; Klungland, Arne & Carlson, Andreas [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Mechanical coupling of supracellular stress amplification and tissue fluidization during exit from quiescence. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ISSN 0027-8424. 119(32). doi: 10.1073/pnas.2201328119. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bjørnestad, Synne Arstad; Guadagno, Noemi Antonella; Kjos, Ingrid & Progida, Cinzia (2022). Rab33b-exocyst interaction mediates localized secretion for focal adhesion turnover and cell migration. iScience. ISSN 2589-0042. 25(5). doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104250. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Martin Sanchez, Pedro Maria; Nunez, Maria; Estensmo, Eva Lena Fjeld; Skrede, Inger & Kauserud, Håvard (2022). Comparison of Methods to Identify and Monitor Mold Damages in Buildings. Applied Sciences. ISSN 2076-3417. 12(18). doi: 10.3390/app12189372. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Foss, Stian; Jonsson, Alexandra; Bottermann, Maria; Watkinson, Ruth; Lode, Heidrun Elisabeth & McAdam, Martin Berner [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Potent TRIM21 and complement-dependent intracellular antiviral immunity requires the IgG3 hinge. Science immunology. ISSN 2470-9468. 7(70). doi: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abj1640.
• Samara, Athina; Spildrejorde, Mari; Sharma, Ankush; Falck, Martin ; Leithaug, Magnus & Modafferi, Stefania [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). A multi-omics approach to visualize early neuronal differentiation from hESCs in 4D. iScience. ISSN 2589-0042. 25(11). doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105279. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Keilen, Ellen Kristine; Borgå, Katrine; Thorstensen, Helene Skjeie; Hylland, Ketil; Helberg, Morten & Warner, Nicholas Alexander [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Differences in Trophic Level, Contaminant Load, and DNA Damage in an Urban and a Remote Herring Gull (Larus argentatus) Breeding Colony in Coastal Norway. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. ISSN 0730-7268. 41(10), s. 2466–2478. doi: 10.1002/etc.5441. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Herring gulls (Larus argentatus) are opportunistic feeders, resulting in contaminant exposure depending on area and habitat. We compared contaminant concentrations and dietary markers between two herring gull breeding colonies with different distances to extensive human activity and presumed contaminant exposure from the local marine diet. Furthermore, we investigated the integrity of DNA in white blood cells and sensitivity to oxidative stress. We analyzed blood from 15 herring gulls from each colony—the urban Oslofjord near the Norwegian capital Oslo in the temperate region and the remote Hornøya island in northern Norway, on the Barents Sea coast. Based on d13C and d34S, the dietary sources of urban gulls differed, with some individuals having a marine and others a more terrestrial dietary signal. All remote gulls had a marine dietary signal and higher relative trophic level than the urban marine feeding gulls. Concentrations (mean ± standard deviation [SD]) of most persistent organic pollutants, such as polychlorinated biphenyl ethers (PCBs) and perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), were higher in urban marine (PCB153 17 ± 17 ng/g wet weight, PFOS 25 ± 21 ng/g wet wt) than urban terrestrial feeders (PCB153 3.7 ± 2.4 ng/g wet wt, PFOS 6.7 ± 10 ng/g wet wt). Despite feeding at a higher trophic level (d15N), the remote gulls (PCB153 17 ± 1221 ng/g wet wt, PFOS 19 ± 1421 ng/g wet wt) were similar to the urban marine feeders. Cyclic volatile methyl siloxanes were detected in only a few gulls, except for decamethylcyclopentasiloxane in the urban colony, which was found in 12 of 13 gulls. Only hexachlorobenzene was present in higher concentrations in the remote (2.6 ± 0.42 ng/g wet wt) compared with the urban colony (0.34 ± 0.33 ng/g wet wt). Baseline and induced DNA damage (doublestreak breaks) was higher in urban than in remote gulls for both terrestrial and marine feeders.

• Fawcett, James W.; Fyhn, Marianne; Jendelova, Pavla; Kwok, Jessica C. F.; Ruzicka, Jiri & Sorg, Barbara A. (2022). The extracellular matrix and perineuronal nets in memory. Molecular Psychiatry. ISSN 1359-4184. 27, s. 3192–3203. doi: 10.1038/s41380-022-01634-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Pinto, Rita; Hauge, Tobias; Jeanmougin, Marine; Pharo, Heidi Dietrichson; Kresse, Stine Henrichson & Honne, Hilde [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Targeted genetic and epigenetic profiling of esophageal adenocarcinomas and non-dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus. Clinical Epigenetics. ISSN 1868-7075. 14(77), s. 1–11. doi: 10.1186/s13148-022-01287-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Khodeer, Sherif; Klungland, Arne & Dahl, John Arne (2022). ALKBH5 regulates somatic cell reprogramming in a phase-specific manner. Journal of Cell Science. ISSN 0021-9533. 135(11). doi: 10.1242/jcs.259824. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Trousil, Jiří; Dal, Nils-Jørgen; Fenaroli, Federico; Schlachet, Inbar; Kubíčková, Pavla & Janoušková, Olga [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Antibiotic-Loaded Amphiphilic Chitosan Nanoparticles Target Macrophages and Kill an Intracellular Pathogen. Small. ISSN 1613-6810. 18(28). doi: 10.1002/smll.202201853.
• Hansen, Haakon; Ieshko, Evgeny; Rusch, Johannes; Samokhvalov, Igor; Melnik, Vera & Mugue, Nikolai [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Gyrodactylus salaris Malmberg, 1957 (Monogenea, Gyrodactylidae) spreads further – a consequence of rainbow trout farming in Northern Russia. Aquatic Invasions. ISSN 1798-6540. 17(2), s. 224–237. doi: 10.3391/AI.2022.17.2.06. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Valiente Parra, Nicolas; Eiler, Alexander; Allesson, Lina; Andersen, Tom; Clayer, Francois & Crapart, Camille Marie [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Catchment properties as predictors of greenhouse gas concentrations across a gradient of boreal lakes. Frontiers in Environmental Science. ISSN 2296-665X. 10. doi: 10.3389/fenvs.2022.880619. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Najer, Adrian; Belessiotis-Richards, Alexis; Kim, Hyemin; Saunders, Catherine; Fenaroli, Federico & Adrianus, Christopher [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Block Length-Dependent Protein Fouling on Poly(2-oxazoline)-Based Polymersomes: Influence on Macrophage Association and Circulation Behavior. Small. ISSN 1613-6810. 18(27). doi: 10.1002/smll.202201993. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tollefsrud Gjølberg, Torleif; Frick, Rahel; Mester, Simone; Foss, Stian; Grevys, Algirdas & Høydahl, Lene Støkken [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Biophysical differences in IgG1 Fc-based therapeutics relate to their cellular handling, interaction with FcRn and plasma half-life. Communications Biology. ISSN 2399-3642. 5(1), s. 1–17. doi: 10.1038/s42003-022-03787-x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Saraste, Jaakko; Enyioko, Mary; Dale, Hege Avsnes; Prydz, Kristian & Machamer, Carolyn (2022). Evidence for the role of Rab11-positive recycling endosomes as intermediates in coronavirus egress from epithelial cells. Histochemistry and Cell Biology. ISSN 0948-6143. 158, s. 241–251. doi: 10.1007/s00418-022-02115-y. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Grung, Merete; Lindman, Sofie Jenny; Kringstad, Alfhild; Girardin, Viviane & Meland, Sondre (2022). Alkylated Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in Road Runoff Are an Environmental Risk and Should Be Included in Future Investigations. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. ISSN 0730-7268. 41(8), s. 1838–1850. doi: 10.1002/etc.5399. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) and metals are important contaminants in road runoff. Vital mitigation measures against aquatic contamination from road runoff include the use of sedimentation ponds. However, it has been demonstrated that ecosystems in sedimentation ponds might be affected by road runoff. Sediments from six natural ponds and 27 sedimentation ponds were investigated to determine the environmental risk of contaminants. The amount of traffic on the respective roads associated with the sedimentation ponds was correlated with the environmental concentrations. Quantification included seven metals, the 16 US Environmental Protection Agency polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, alkylated PACs, dibenzothiophene, benzo[e]pyrene, and perylene. The environmental risk was assessed according to the European Union Water Framework Directive guidelines. Sedimentation ponds had a higher level of contaminants than natural ponds, and environmental risks were dominated by the concentration of PACs. Alkylated PACs contributed to the environmental risk posed by PACs and should be included in future monitoring. Only Cu and Zn were measured at concentrations above the environmental quality standards (EQSs), while 13 PACs exceeded the EQS. Sediment concentrations of Cu, Zn, and most PACs correlated significantly with the amount of traffic. The sources of PACs were determined by source apportionment ratios between PACs. Alkylation and pyrogenic indices showed that sources in natural ponds were of mostly pyrogenic origin, whereas in sedimentation ponds they were predominantly petrogenic. Asphalt was the probable main source of PACs. A hierarchical clustering technique was used to investigate both the environmental risks and the pattern of PACs in the ponds and revealed that a few sedimentation ponds were not protecting the environment as intended because the upper sediment layers had not been regularly dredged.

• Griffiths, Gareth Wyn; Gruenberg, Jean; Marsh, Mark; Wohlmann, Jens; Jones, Arwyn T. & Parton, Robert G. (2022). Nanoparticle entry into cells; the cell biology weak link. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. ISSN 0169-409X. 188. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114403.
• Van Tran, Huong; Carve, Megan; Dong, Dung Thi; Dinh, van Khuong & Nguyen Khac, Bat (2022). Marine protected areas ineffectively protect seagrass and coral reef fish communities in the Phu Quoc and An Thoi archipelago, Vietnam. Aquatic conservation. ISSN 1052-7613. 32(9), s. 1471–1489. doi: 10.1002/aqc.3862.
• Andersen, Lene Frost; Berstad, Paula; Bukhvalova, Barbara Alexandra; Carlsen, Monica Hauger; Dahl, Lisbeth Jane & Goksøyr, Anders [Vis alle 35 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Benefit and risk assessment of fish in the Norwegian diet - Scientific Opinion of the Steering Committee of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment. VKM Report. ISSN 2535-4019. 2022(17). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hessen, Dag Olav & Vandvik, Vigdis (2022). Buffering climate change with nature. Weather, Climate, and Society. ISSN 1948-8327. 14(2), s. 439–450. doi: 10.1175/WCAS-D-21-0059.1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Johannsen, Christina; Ul Haq, Anam; Reubsaet, Leon & Halvorsen, Trine Grønhaug (2022). On the spot immunocapture in targeted biomarker analysis using paper-bound streptavidin as anchor for biotinylated antibodies. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. ISSN 1618-2642. 414(19), s. 5979–5989. doi: 10.1007/s00216-022-04161-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Wang, You-Ren; Hessen, Dag Olav; Samset, Bjørn Hallvard & Stordal, Frode (2022). Evaluating global and regional land warming trends in the past decades with both MODIS and ERA5-Land land surface temperature data. Remote Sensing of Environment. ISSN 0034-4257. 280. doi: 10.1016/j.rse.2022.113181. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vaca, Diana; Thibau, Arno; Leisegang, Matthias; Malmström, Johan; Linke, Dirk & Eble, Johannes A. [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Interaction of Bartonella henselae with Fibronectin Represents the Molecular Basis for Adhesion to Host Cells. Microbiology spectrum. ISSN 2165-0497. 10(3). doi: 10.1128/spectrum.00598-22. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skotland, Tore; Iversen, Tore Geir; Llorente, Alicia & Sandvig, Kirsten (2022). Biodistribution, pharmacokinetics and excretion studies of intravenously injected nanoparticles and extracellular vesicles: Possibilities and challenges. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews. ISSN 0169-409X. 186, s. 1–17. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114326. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  There is a large interest in developing nanoparticles and extracellular vesicles for delivery of therapeutics or imaging agents. Regulatory approval of such products requires knowledge about their biodistribution, metabolism and excretion. We here discuss possibilities and challenges of methods used for such studies, which most often are performed after labelling with radioactive isotopes or fluorescent molecules. It is important to evaluate if the labelled and unlabeled products can be expected to behave similarly in the body. Furthermore, one needs to critically consider whether the labels are still associated with the product at the time of analyses. We discuss advantages and disadvantages of different imaging modalities such as PET, SPECT, MRI, CT, ultrasound and optical imaging for whole-body biodistribution, and describe how to estimate the amount of labelled product in harvested organs and tissue. Microscopy of cells and tissues and various mass spectrometry methods are also discussed in this review.

• Sandvig, Kirsten; Kavaliauskiene, Simona; Myrann, Anne-Grethe; Iversen, Tore Geir & Skotland, Tore (2022). Modulation of Ricin Intoxication by the Autophagy Inhibitor EACC. Toxins. ISSN 2072-6651. 14(5), s. 1–13. doi: 10.3390/toxins14050360. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Wang, You-Ren; Buchmann, Nina; Hessen, Dag Olav; Stordal, Frode; Erisman, Jan Willem & Vollsnes, Ane Victoria [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Disentangling effects of natural and anthropogenic drivers on forest net ecosystem production. Science of the Total Environment. ISSN 0048-9697. 839. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156326. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bastard, Paul; Hsiao, Kuang-Chih; Zhang, Qian; Choin, Jeremy; Best, Emma & Chen, Jie [Vis alle 64 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). A loss-of-function IFNAR1 allele in Polynesia underlies severe viral diseases in homozygotes. Journal of Experimental Medicine (JEM). ISSN 0022-1007. 219(6), s. 1–22. doi: 10.1084/jem.20220028. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Yaragina, Natalia A.; Stige, Leif Christian & Langangen, Øystein Ole Gahr (2022). Bycatch data from ichthyoplankton surveys reveal long-term trends in gelatinous zooplankton in the Norwegian and Barents Seas. ICES Journal of Marine Science. ISSN 1054-3139. 79(3), s. 868–881. doi: 10.1093/icesjms/fsab225.
• Verhellen, Jonas (2022). Graph-based molecular Pareto optimisation. Chemical Science. ISSN 2041-6520. 13(25), s. 7526–7535. doi: 10.1039/d2sc00821a. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Chiou, Kenneth L.; Janiak, Mareike C.; Schneider-Crease, India A.; Sen, Sharmi; Ayele, Ferehiwot & Chuma, Idrissa S. [Vis alle 29 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Genomic signatures of high-altitude adaptation and chromosomal polymorphism in geladas. Nature Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2397-334X. 6(5), s. 630–643. doi: 10.1038/s41559-022-01703-4.
• Decock, Cony A.; Ryvarden, Leif & Amalfi, Mario (2022). Niveoporofomes (Basidiomycota, Fomitopsidaceae) in Tropical Africa: two additions from Afromontane forests, Niveoporofomes oboensis sp. nov. and N. widdringtoniae comb. nov. and N. globosporus comb. nov. from the Neotropics. Mycological Progress. ISSN 1617-416X. 21(2). doi: 10.1007/s11557-022-01787-z.
• Schwartz, Lawrence M. & Gundersen, Kristian (2022). Cross Talk opposing view: Myonuclei do not undergo apoptosis during skeletal muscle atrophy. Journal of Physiology. ISSN 0022-3751. 600(9), s. 2081–2084. doi: 10.1113/JP282381.
• Nipen, Maja; Jørgensen, Susanne Jøntvedt; Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla; Borgå, Katrine; Breivik, Knut & Mmochi, Aviti J [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Mercury in air and soil on an urban-rural transect in East Africa. Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts. ISSN 2050-7887. 24(6), s. 921–931. doi: 10.1039/D2EM00040G. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  There are large knowledge gaps concerning concentrations, sources, emissions, and spatial trends of mercury (Hg) in the atmosphere in developing regions of the Southern Hemisphere, particularly in urban areas. Filling these gaps is a prerequisite for assessing the effectiveness of international regulation and for enabling a better understanding of the global transport of Hg in the environment. Here we use a passive sampling technique to study the spatial distribution of gaseous elemental Hg (Hg(0), GEM) and assess emission sources in and around Dar es Salaam, Tanzania's largest city. Included in the study were the city's main municipal waste dumpsite and an e-waste processing facility as potential sources of GEM. To complement the GEM data and for a better overview of the Hg contamination status of Dar es Salaam, soil samples were collected from the same locations where passive air samplers were deployed and analysed for total Hg. Overall, GEM concentrations ranged between <0.86 and 5.34 ng m−3, indicating significant local sources within the urban area. The municipal waste dumpsite and e-waste site had GEM concentrations elevated above the background, at 2.41 and 1.77 ng m−3, respectively. Hg concentrations in soil in the region (range 0.0067 to 0.098 mg kg−1) were low compared to those of other urban areas and were not correlated with atmospheric GEM concentrations. This study demonstrates that GEM is a significant environmental issue in the urban region of Dar es Salaam. Further studies from urban areas in the Global South are needed to better identify sources of GEM.

• Fiore-Donno, Anna Maria; Human, Zander R.; Štursová, Martina; Mundra, Sunil; Morgado, Luis & Kauserud, Håvard [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Soil compartments (bulk soil, litter, root and rhizosphere) as main drivers of soil protistan communities distribution in forests with different nitrogen deposition. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. ISSN 0038-0717. 168. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108628. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Malecki, Jedrzej Mieczyslaw; Davydova, Erna & Falnes, Pål (2022). Protein methylation in mitochondria. Journal of Biological Chemistry. ISSN 0021-9258. 298(4). doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101791. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skotland, Tore & Sandvig, Kirsten (2022). Need for more focus on lipid species in studies of biological and model membranes. Progress in lipid research. ISSN 0163-7827. 86, s. 1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101160. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Holme, Jørn Andreas; Valen, Håkon; Brinchmann, Bendik Christian; Vist, Gunn Elisabeth; Grimsrud, Tom Kristian & Becher, Rune [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may explain the paradoxical effects of cigarette use on preeclampsia (PE). Toxicology. ISSN 0300-483X. 473. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153206. Vis sammendrag

  Tobacco smoking and use of snus (smokeless tobacco) are associated with adverse effects on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. Nicotine is considered a key toxicant involved in effects caused by both smoking and snus, while pyrolysis products including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in cigarette smoke represents the constituents most unequally divided between these two groups of tobacco products. The aim of this review was: i) to compare the impact, in terms of relative effect estimates, of cigarette smoking and use of Swedish snus on pregnancy outcomes using similar non-tobacco user controls, and ii) to examine whether exposure to PAHs from smoking could explain possible differences in impact on pregnancy outcomes. We systematically searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo, Web of Science and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews up to October 2021 and identified studies reporting risks for adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes associated with snus use and with smoking relative to pregnant women with no use of tobacco. Both snus use and smoking were associated with increased risk of stillbirth, preterm birth, and oral cleft malformation, with comparable point estimates. These effects were likely due to comparable nicotine exposure. We also found striking differences. While both smoking and snus increased the risk of having small for gestational age (SGA) infants, risk from maternal smoking was markedly higher as was the reduction in birthweight. In contrast, the risk of preeclampsia (PE) was markedly lower in smokers than in controls, while snus use was associated with a slightly increased risk. We suggest that PAHs acting via AhR may explain the stronger effects of tobacco smoking on SGA and also to the apparent protective effect of cigarette smoking on PE. Possible mechanisms involved include: i) disrupted endocrine control of fetal development as well as placental development and function, and ii) stress adaption and immune suppression in placenta and mother.

• Geml, József; Arnold, Anne Elizabeth; Semenova-Nelsen, Tatiana A.; Nouhra, Eduardo R.; Drechsler-Santos, Elisandro R. & Góes-Neto, Aristóteles [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Community dynamics of soil-borne fungal communities along elevation gradients in neotropical and palaeotropical forests. Molecular Ecology. ISSN 0962-1083. 31(7), s. 2044–2060. doi: 10.1111/mec.16368.
• Dal, Nils-Jørgen Knudsen; Speth, Martin Tobias; Johann, Kerstin; Barz, Matthias; Beauvineau, Claire & Wohlmann, Jens [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). The zebrafish embryo as an in vivo model for screening nanoparticle-formulated lipophilic anti-tuberculosis compounds. Disease Models and Mechanisms. ISSN 1754-8403. 15(1). doi: 10.1242/dmm.049147. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bril'kov, Maxim; Dobrovolska, Olena; Ødegård-Fougner, Øyvind; Turcu, Diana Cornelia; Strømland, Øyvind & Underhaug, Jarl [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Binding Specificity of ASHH2 CW Domain Toward H3K4me1 Ligand Is Coupled to Its Structural Stability Through Its α1-Helix. Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences. ISSN 2296-889X. 9, s. 1–16. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.763750. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The CW domain binds to histone tail modifications found in different protein families involved in epigenetic regulation and chromatin remodeling. CW domains recognize the methylation state of the fourth lysine on histone 3 and could, therefore, be viewed as a reader of epigenetic information. The specificity toward different methylation states such as me1, me2, or me3 depends on the particular CW subtype. For example, the CW domain of ASHH2 methyltransferase binds preferentially to H3K4me1, and MORC3 binds to both H3K4me2 and me3 modifications, while ZCWPW1 is more specific to H3K4me3. The structural basis for these preferential bindings is not well understood, and recent research suggests that a more complete picture will emerge if dynamical and energetic assessments are included in the analysis of interactions. This study uses fold assessment by NMR in combination with mutagenesis, ITC affinity measurements, and thermal denaturation studies to investigate possible couplings between ASHH2 CW selectivity toward H3K4me1 and the stabilization of the domain and loops implicated in binding. The key elements of the binding site—the two tryptophans and the α1-helix form and maintain the binding pocket— were perturbed by mutagenesis and investigated. Results show that the α1-helix maintains the overall stability of the fold via the I915 and L919 residues and that the correct binding consolidates the loops designated as η1 and η3, as well as the C-terminal. This consolidation is incomplete for H3K4me3 binding to CW, which experiences a decrease in overall thermal stability on binding. Loop mutations not directly involved in the binding site, nonetheless, affect the equilibrium positions of the key residues.

• Hynne, Håvard; Aqrawi, Lara A.; Jensen, Janicke Liaaen; Thiede, Bernd; Palm, Øyvind & Amdal, Cecilie Delphin [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Proteomic Profiling of Saliva and Tears in Radiated Head and Neck Cancer Patients as Compared to Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome Patients. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. ISSN 1661-6596. 23(7). doi: 10.3390/ijms23073714. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) and patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome (pSS) may exhibit similar symptoms of dry mouth and dry eyes, as a result of radiotherapy (RT) or a consequence of disease progression. To identify the proteins that may serve as promising disease biomarkers, we analysed saliva and tears from 29 radiated HNC patients and 21 healthy controls, and saliva from 14 pSS patients by mass spectrometry-based proteomics. The study revealed several upregulated, and in some instances overlapping, proteins in the two patient groups. Histone H1.4 and neutrophil collagenase were upregulated in whole saliva of both patient groups, while caspase-14, histone H4, and protein S100-A9 were upregulated in HNC saliva only. In HCN tear fluid, the most highly upregulated protein was mucin-like protein 1. These overexpressed proteins in saliva and tears play central roles in inflammation, host cell injury, activation of reactive oxygen species, and tissue repair. In conclusion, the similarities and differences in overexpressed proteins detected in saliva from HNC and pSS patients may contribute to the overall understanding of the different pathophysiological mechanisms inducing dry mouth. Thus, the recurring proteins identified could possibly serve as future promising biomarkers

• Grevys, Algirdas; Frick, Rahel; Mester, Simone; Flem-Karlsen, Karine; Nilsen, Jeannette & Foss, Stian [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Antibody variable sequences have a pronounced effect on cellular transport and plasma half-life. iScience. ISSN 2589-0042. 25:103746(2), s. 1–22. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103746. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Andrew, Carrie; Mueller, Gregory M. & Avis, Peter G. (2022). Do local-scale context dependencies shape how ectomycorrhizal fungal diversity structures with reduced or sustained experimental N addition? Pedobiologia. ISSN 0031-4056. 90. doi: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150791. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Wang, Gan; Zhang, Min; Meng, Ping; Long, Chengbo; Luo, Xiaodong & Yang, Xingwei [Vis alle 22 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Anticarin-β shows a promising anti-osteosarcoma effect by specifically inhibiting CCT4 to impair proteostasis. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (APSB). ISSN 2211-3835. 12(5), s. 2268–2279. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.12.024. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Mcgovern, Maeve; Warner, Nicholas Alexander; Borgå, Katrine; Evenset, Anita; Carlsson, Pernilla & Skogsberg, Emelie [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Is Glacial Meltwater a Secondary Source of Legacy Contaminants to Arctic Coastal Food Webs? Environmental Science and Technology. ISSN 0013-936X. 56(10), s. 6337–6348. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.1c07062. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Climate change-driven increases in air and sea temperatures are rapidly thawing the Arctic cryosphere with potential for remobilization and accumulation of legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in adjacent coastal food webs. Here, we present concentrations of selected POPs in zooplankton (spatially and seasonally), as well as zoobenthos and sculpin (spatially) from Isfjorden, Svalbard. Herbivorous zooplankton contaminant concentrations were highest in May [e.g., ∑polychlorinated biphenyls (8PCB); 4.43, 95% CI: 2.72–6.3 ng/g lipid weight], coinciding with the final stages of the spring phytoplankton bloom, and lowest in August (∑8PCB; 1.6, 95% CI: 1.29–1.92 ng/g lipid weight) when zooplankton lipid content was highest, and the fjord was heavily impacted by sediment-laden terrestrial inputs. Slightly increasing concentrations of α-hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH) in zooplankton from June (1.18, 95% CI: 1.06–1.29 ng/g lipid weight) to August (1.57, 95% CI: 1.44–1.71 ng/g lipid weight), alongside a higher percentage of α-HCH enantiomeric fractions closer to racemic ranges, indicate that glacial meltwater is a secondary source of α-HCH to fjord zooplankton in late summer. Except for α-HCH, terrestrial inputs were generally associated with reduced POP concentrations in zooplankton, suggesting that increased glacial melt is not likely to significantly increase exposure of legacy POPs in coastal fauna.

• Skogsberg, Stina Linnea Emelie; Mcgovern, Maeve; Poste, Amanda; Jonsson, Sofi; Arts, Michael T. & Varpe, Øystein [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Seasonal pollutant levels in littoral high-Arctic amphipods in relation to food sources and terrestrial run-off. Environmental Pollution (1987). ISSN 0269-7491. 306. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119361. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Increasing terrestrial run-off from melting glaciers and thawing permafrost to Arctic coastal areas is expected to facilitate re-mobilization of stored legacy persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and mercury (Hg), potentially increasing exposure to these contaminants for coastal benthic organisms. We quantified chlorinated POPs and Hg concentrations, lipid content and multiple dietary markers, in a littoral deposit-feeding amphipod Gammarus setosus and sediments during the melting period from April to August in Adventelva river estuary in Svalbard, a Norwegian Arctic Aarchipelago. There was an overall decrease in concentrations of ∑POPs from April to August (from 58 ± 23 to 13 ± 4 ng/g lipid weight; lw), Hg (from 5.6 ± 0.7 to 4.1 ± 0.5 ng/g dry weight; dw) and Methyl Hg (MeHg) (from 5 ± 1 to 0.8 ± 0.7 ng/g dw) in G. setosus. However, we observed a seasonal peak in penta- and hexachlorobenzene (PeCB and HCB) in May (2.44 ± 0.3 and 23.6 ± 1.7 ng/g lw). Sediment concentrations of POPs and Hg (dw) only partly correlated with the contaminant concentrations in G. setosus. Dietary markers, including fatty acids and carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, indicated a diet of settled phytoplankton in May–July and a broader range of carbon sources after the spring bloom. Phytoplankton utilization and chlorobenzene concentrations in G. setosus exhibited similar seasonal patterns, suggesting a dietary uptake of chlorobenzenes that is delivered to the aquatic environment during spring snowmelt. The seasonal decrease in contaminant concentrations in G. setosus could be related to seasonal changes in dietary contaminant exposure and amphipod ecology. Furthermore, this decrease implies that terrestrial run-off is not a significant source of re-mobilized Hg and legacy POPs to littoral amphipods in the Adventelva river estuary during the melt season.

• Su, Zhangli; Monshaugen, Ida; Wilson, Briana; Wang, Fengbin; Klungland, Arne & Ougland, Rune [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). TRMT6/61A-dependent base methylation of tRNA-derived fragments regulates gene-silencing activity and the unfolded protein response in bladder cancer. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 13(1). doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-29790-8. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• MacKenzie, Kirsteen M.; Lydersen, Christian; Haug, Tore; Routti, Heli Anna Irmeli; Aars, Jon & Andvik, Clare Margaret [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Niches of marine mammals in the European Arctic. Ecological Indicators. ISSN 1470-160X. 136. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108661. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The Arctic is warming rapidly, with concomitant sea ice losses and ecosystem changes. The animals most vulnerable to Arctic food web changes are long-lived and slow-growing such as marine mammals, which may not be able to adapt rapidly enough to respond to changes in their resource bases. To determine the current extent and sources of these resource bases, we examined isotopic and trophic niches for marine mammals in the European Arctic using skin carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ 15N) stable isotope (SI) compositions from 10 species: blue, fin, humpback, minke, sperm and white whales, bearded and ringed seals, walruses and polar bears, and dietary fatty acids (FAs) in polar bears, walruses and most of the whale species listed here. SI values showed clear species separation by trophic behaviour and carbon sources. Bearded seals, walruses and white whales had the smallest isotopic niches; these species are all resident High Arctic species and are likely to be particularly vulnerable to changes in Arctic ecosystems. We found clear separation between FA groupings driven by pelagic, benthic and planktonic/algal sources: pelagic FAs in all whales, benthic FAs in walruses, and copepod/algae/dinoflagellate FAs in polar bears, with some polar bear compositions approaching those of the whales and walruses. There is strong niche partitioning between study species with minimal functional redundancy, which could impact Arctic ecosystem structure and connectivity if populations of these large nutrient vectors are reduced or lost.

• Kausrud, Kyrre Linné; Vandvik, Vigdis; Flø, Daniel; Geange, Sonya Rita; Hegland, Stein Joar & Hermansen, Jo Skeie [Vis alle 26 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Impacts of climate change on the boreal forest ecosystem. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered species (CITES) of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment. VKM Report. ISSN 2535-4019. 2022(15). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Cowan, Andrew J.; Skrede, Inger & Moody, Suzy Clare (2022). Cytochrome P450 Complement May Contribute to Niche Adaptation in Serpula Wood-Decay Fungi. Journal of fungi (JoF). ISSN 2309-608X. 8(3). doi: 10.3390/jof8030283. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lemma, Roza Berhanu; Fleischer, Thomas; Martinsen, Emily; Ledsaak, Marit; Kristensen, Vessela N. & Eskeland, Ragnhild [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Pioneer transcription factors are associated with the modulation of DNA methylation patterns across cancers. Epigenetics & Chromatin. ISSN 1756-8935. 15. doi: 10.1186/s13072-022-00444-9. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Methylation of cytosines on DNA is a prominent modification associated with gene expression regulation. Aberrant DNA methylation patterns have recurrently been linked to dysregulation of the regulatory program in cancer cells. To shed light on the underlying molecular mechanism driving this process, we hypothesised that aberrant methylation patterns could be controlled by the binding of specific transcription factors (TFs) across cancer types. By combining DNA methylation arrays and gene expression data with TF binding sites (TFBSs), we explored the interplay between TF binding and DNA methylation in 19 cancer types. We performed emQTL (expression–methylation quantitative trait loci) analyses independently in each cancer type and identified 13 TFs whose expression levels are correlated with local DNA methylation patterns around their binding sites in at least 2 cancer types. The 13 TFs are mainly associated with local demethylation and are enriched for pioneer function, suggesting a specific role for these TFs in modulating chromatin structure and transcription in cancer patients. Furthermore, we confirmed that de novo methylation is precluded across cancers at CpGs lying in genomic regions enriched for TF binding signatures associated with SP1, CTCF, NRF1, GABPA, KLF9, and/or YY1. The modulation of DNA methylation associated with TF binding was observed at cis-regulatory regions controlling immune- and cancer-associated pathways, corroborating that the emQTL signals were derived from both cancer and tumor-infiltrating cells. As a case example, we experimentally confirmed that FOXA1 knock-down is associated with higher methylation in regions bound by FOXA1 in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Finally, we reported physical interactions between FOXA1 with TET1 and TET2 both in an in vitro setup and in vivo at physiological levels in MCF-7 cells, adding further support for FOXA1 attracting TET1 and TET2 to induce local demethylation in cancer cells.

• Eagles, David A.; Saez, Natalie J.; Krishnarjuna, Bankala; Bradford, Julia J.; Chin, Yanni K.-Y. & Starobova, Hana [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). A peptide toxin in ant venom mimics vertebrate EGF-like hormones to cause long-lasting hypersensitivity in mammals. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ISSN 0027-8424. 119(7). doi: 10.1073/pnas.2112630119. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Alfaro Garcia, Laura Andrea; Descamps, Sebastien; Herzke, Dorte; Chastel, Olivier; Carravieri, Alice & Cherel, Yves [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Bioaccumulation of Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Antarctic Breeding South Polar Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) and Their Prey. Frontiers in Marine Science. ISSN 2296-7745. 9. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2022.819525. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are found in Antarctic wildlife, with high levels in the avian top predator south polar skua (Catharacta maccormicki). As increasing PFAS concentrations were found in the south polar skua during the breeding season in Antarctica, we hypothesised that available prey during the breeding period contributes significantly to the PFAS contamination in skuas. To test this, we compared PFAS in south polar skuas and their main prey from two breeding sites on opposite sides of the Antarctic continent: Antarctic petrel (Thalassoica antarctica) stomach content, eggs, chicks, and adults from Svarthamaren in Dronning Maud Land and Adélie penguin chicks (Pygoscelis adeliae) from Dumont d’Urville in Adélie Land. Of the 22 PFAS analysed, seven were present in the majority of samples, except petrel stomach content [only perfluoroundecanoate (PFUnA) present] and Adélie penguins (only four compounds present), with increasing concentrations from the prey to the skuas. The biomagnification factors (BMFs) were higher at Dumont d’Urville than Svarthamaren. When adjusted to reflect one trophic level difference, the BMFs at Svarthamaren remained the same, whereas the ones at Dumont d’Urville doubled. At both the colonies, the skua PFAS pattern was dominated by perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), followed by PFUnA, but differed with the presence of branched PFOS and perfluorotetradecanoate (PFTeA) and lack of perfluorononanoate (PFNA) and perfluorodecanoate (PFDA) at Dumont d’Urville. At Svarthamaren, the pattern in the prey was comparable to the skuas, but with a higher relative contribution of PFTeA in prey. At Dumont d’Urville, the pattern in the prey differed from the skuas, with the domination of PFUnA and the general lack of PFOS in prey. Even though the PFAS levels are low in Antarctic year-round resident prey, the three lines of evidence (pattern, BMF difference, and BMF adjusted to one trophic level) suggest that the Antarctic petrel are the significant source of PFAS in the Svarthamaren skuas, whereas the skuas in Dumont d’Urville have other important sources to PFAS than Adélie penguin, either in the continent or external on the inter-breeding foraging grounds far from Antarctica.

• Olsen, Luka Natassja; Brandrud, Marie Kristine; Mandáková, Terezie; Lysak, Martin A; Bjorå, Charlotte Sletten & Cires, Eduardo [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Genetic structure and evolution of diploid Cochlearia in Iceland. Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. ISSN 0024-4074. 200(3), s. 395–415. doi: 10.1093/botlinnean/boac018. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Loughland, Isabella; Lau, Gigi Yik Chee; Jolly, Jordan & Seebacher, Frank (2022). Rates of warming impact oxidative stress in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Journal of Experimental Biology. ISSN 0022-0949. 225(6). doi: 10.1242/jeb.243740.
• Pedersen, Åshild Ønvik; Convey, P.; Newsham, Kevin K.; Mosbacher, Jesper Bruun; Fuglei, Eva & Ravolainen, Virve [Vis alle 47 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Five decades of terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. Polar Research. ISSN 0800-0395. 41. doi: 10.33265/polar.v41.6310. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  For more than five decades, research has been conducted at Ny-Ålesund, in Svalbard, Norway, to understand the structure and functioning of High-Arctic ecosystems and the profound impacts on them of environmental change. Terrestrial, freshwater, glacial and marine ecosystems are accessible year-round from Ny-Ålesund, providing unique opportunities for interdisciplinary observational and experimental studies along physical, chemical, hydrological and climatic gradients. Here, we synthesize terrestrial and freshwater research at Ny-Ålesund and review current knowledge of biodiversity patterns, species population dynamics and interactions, ecosystem processes, biogeochemical cycles and anthropogenic impacts. There is now strong evidence of past and ongoing biotic changes caused by climate change, including negative effects on populations of many taxa and impacts of rain-on-snow events across multiple trophic levels. While species-level characteristics and responses are well understood for macro-organisms, major knowledge gaps exist for microbes, invertebrates and ecosystem-level processes. In order to fill current knowledge gaps, we recommend (1) maintaining monitoring efforts, while establishing a long-term ecosystem-based monitoring programme; (2) gaining a mechanistic understanding of environmental change impacts on processes and linkages in food webs; (3) identifying trophic interactions and cascades across ecosystems; and (4) integrating long-term data on microbial, invertebrate and freshwater communities, along with measurements of carbon and nutrient fluxes among soils, atmosphere, freshwaters and the marine environment. The synthesis here shows that the Ny-Ålesund study system has the characteristics needed to fill these gaps in knowledge, thereby enhancing our understanding of High-Arctic ecosystems and their responses to environmental variability and change.

• Kallas, Pawel; Valen, Håkon; Hulander, Mats; Gadegaard, Nikolaj; Stormonth-Darling, John & O'Reilly, Padraic [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Protein-coated nanostructured surfaces affect the adhesion of Escherichia coli. Nanoscale. ISSN 2040-3364. 14(20), s. 7736–7746. doi: 10.1039/d2nr00976e. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hernandez, Luis Felipe Martell; Selsø, Katrine; Titelman, Josefin & Hosia, Aino Laila Johanna (2022). Setting the baseline for the dynamics of siphonophores and hydromedusae in Oslofjorden. Marine Ecology Progress Series. ISSN 0171-8630. 686, s. 71–89. doi: 10.3354/meps13991. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hanevik, Hans Ivar & Hessen, Dag Olav (2022). IVF and human evolution. Human Reproduction Update. ISSN 1355-4786. 28(4), s. 457–479. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmac014. Vis sammendrag

  Humans are shaped by evolution through natural selection, as are all species. While evolution is central to all biological processes, the key stage for competition and selection is reproduction, which encompasses various events from courtship and mating to fertilization and pregnancy. In humans, IVF is used to aid the intrinsically inefficient reproduction by coitus, and in several countries, the proportion of children born after IVF is increasing. While IVF is an enabling technology for infertile patients, it also circumvents reproductive barriers and changes selection pressures. This grand theme review describes the systematic differences between IVF and coitus in selection pressures on reproducing cells, individuals and populations. At the cellular unit of selection, for example, IVF favours different traits in spermatozoa (fast swimmers over short distances) than coitus does (forward mobility over longer distances). Similarly, a male with low sperm quality and a female who decides to delay her first birth to an advanced age, can both increase their reproductive fitness by IVF compared to if reproduction by coitus is their only option. In as much as delayed reproduction is a cultural trait, IVF thus enables cultural practices that may in their turn affect human evolution. A main point in this review is to discuss the interactive effects of biological and cultural traits in the context of IVF, and how they act in concert as drivers towards increased demand for IVF. It is not the aim of this review to argue against IVF, which no doubt is a major medical advancement, but rather to examine IVF and human evolution from a broad perspective, including potential longer-term impacts. Since IVF is a young technology, the empirical data indicative of evolutionary effects of IVF in humans are sparse. In general, we argue that IVF facilitates the redirection of resources away from reproduction in humans, since reproduction by IVF bypasses some of the resource-demanding processes that reproduction by coitus entails. Hence, IVF sets the evolutionary stage for a human species increasingly reliant on, and adapted to, technological means of reproduction.

• Zhao, Xu; Hendriks, Ivo A; Le Gras, Stephanie; Ye, Tao; Ramos Alonso, Lucia & Nguéa P, Aurélie [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Waves of sumoylation support transcription dynamics during adipocyte differentiation. Nucleic Acids Research (NAR). ISSN 0305-1048. 50(3), s. 1351–1369. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkac027. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lie, Marie; Pedersen, Linda Margareth; Heuch, Ingrid; Winsvold, Bendik K S; Gjerstad, Johannes & Hasvik, Eivind Olay [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Low Back Pain With Persistent Radiculopathy; the Clinical Role of Genetic Variants in the Genes SOX5, CCDC26/GSDMC and DCC. Frontiers in Genetics. ISSN 1664-8021. 12. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.757632. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  In a recently published genome-wide association study (GWAS) chronic back pain was associated with three loci; SOX5, CCDC26/GSDMC and DCC. This GWAS was based on a heterogeneous sample of back pain disorders, and it is unknown whether these loci are of clinical relevance for low back pain (LBP) with persistent radiculopathy. Thus, we examine if LBP with radiculopathy 12 months after an acute episode of LBP with radiculopathy is associated with the selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); SOX5 rs34616559, CCDC26/GSDMC rs7833174 and DCC rs4384683. In this prospective cohort study, subjects admitted to a secondary health care institution due to an acute episode of LBP with radiculopathy, reported back pain, leg pain, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), were genotyped and followed up at 12 months (n = 338). Kruskal-Wallis H test showed no association between the SNPs and back pain, leg pain or ODI. In conclusion, LBP with radiculopathy 12 months after an acute episode of LBP with radiculopathy, is not associated with the selected SNPs; SOX5 rs34616559, CCDC26/GSDMC rs7833174 and DCC rs4384683. This absent or weak association suggests that the SNPs previously associated with chronic back pain are not useful as prognostic biomarkers for LBP with persistent radiculopathy.

• Eliassen, June Edvarda; Bøe, Maria Vetleseter; Nederbragt, Lex; Berg, Marthe Mjøen & Gregers, Tone Fredsvik (2022). Motivasjon for beregningsorientert biologi og sammenhengen med matematikk R2 fra videregående opplæring. Nordic Journal of STEM Education. ISSN 2535-4574. 4(2), s. 58–70. doi: 10.5324/njsteme.v4i2.4026. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Dalum, Alf Seljenes; Kraus, Aurora; Khan, Shanawaz; Davydova, Erna; Rigaudeau, Dimitri & Bjørgen, Håvard [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). High-Resolution, 3D Imaging of the Zebrafish Gill-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GIALT) Reveals a Novel Lymphoid Structure, the Amphibranchial Lymphoid Tissue. Frontiers in Immunology. ISSN 1664-3224. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.769901.
• Viner, I.; Bortnikov, F.; Ryvarden, Leif & Miettinen, Otto (2021). On six African species of Lyomyces and Xylodon. Fungal Systematics and Evolution. ISSN 2589-3831. 8(1), s. 163–178. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.13.
• Clarke, Mary L.; Lemma, Roza Berhanu; Walton, David Scott; Volpe, G; Noyvert, Boris & Gabrielsen, Odd Stokke [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). MYB insufficiency disrupts proteostasis in hematopoietic stem cells leading to age-related neoplasia. bioRxiv. ISSN 2692-8205. doi: 10.1101/2021.09.04.458970.
• Beal, J.; Saragliadis, Athanasios & Linke, Dirk (2021). Comparative analysis of three studies measuring fluorescence from engineered bacterial genetic constructs. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 16(6). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252263. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fulde, Marcus; van Vorst, Kira; Zhang, Kaiyi; Westermann, Alexander J.; Busche, Tobias & Huei, Yong Chiun [Vis alle 18 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). SPI2 T3SS effectors facilitate enterocyte apical to basolateral transmigration of Salmonella-containing vacuoles in vivo. Gut microbes. ISSN 1949-0976. 13(1). doi: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1973836. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Figuerola, Blanca; Valiente Parra, Nicolas; Barbosa, Andres; Brasier, Madeline J.; Colominas-Ciuró, Roger & Convey, Peter [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Shifting Perspectives in Polar Research: Global Lessons on the Barriers and Drivers for Securing Academic Careers in Natural Sciences. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2296-701X. 9, s. 1–10. doi: 10.3389/fevo.2021.777009. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• González-Barrio, David; Köster, Pamela C.; Habela, Miguel A.; Martín-Pérez, Manuel; Fernández-García, Jose L. & Balseiro, Ana [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Molecular survey of Besnoitia spp. (Apicomplexa) in faeces from European wild mesocarnivores in Spain. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases. ISSN 1865-1674. 68(6), s. 3156–3166. doi: 10.1111/tbed.14206.
• Li, Ruizhen; Shi, Chunlin; Wang, Xiaoyang; Meng, Yan; Cheng, Lina & Jiang, Cai-Zhong [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Inflorescence abscission protein SlIDL6 promotes low light intensity-induced tomato flower abscission. Plant Physiology. ISSN 0032-0889. 186(2), s. 1288–1301. doi: 10.1093/PLPHYS/KIAB121.
• Osborne, Hugh; Lai, Yi Ming; Lepperød, Mikkel Elle; Sichau, David; Deutz, Lukas & de Kamps, Marc (2021). MIIND : A Model-Agnostic Simulator of Neural Populations. Frontiers in Neuroinformatics. ISSN 1662-5196. 15, s. 1–29. doi: 10.3389/fninf.2021.614881. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gregers, Tone Fredsvik & Lunde, Mai Lill Suhr (2021). Students' understanding of the cell and cellular structures. Nordic Studies in Science Education. ISSN 1504-4556. 17(2), s. 225–241. doi: 10.5617/NORDINA.7306. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kaartvedt, Stein; Røstad, Anders & Titelman, Josefin (2021). Sleep walking copepods? Calanus diapausing in hypoxic waters adjust their vertical position during winter. Journal of Plankton Research. ISSN 0142-7873. 43(2), s. 199–208. doi: 10.1093/plankt/fbab004. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• de Lira, Carla Rejane Sousa; Alvarenga, Renato Lúcio Mendes; Soares, A.M.S.; Ryvarden, Leif & Gibertoni, Tatiana Baptista (2021). Phylogeny of Megasporoporia s.lat. and related genera of Poyporaceae: New genera, new species and new combinations. Mycosphere. ISSN 2077-7000. 12(1), s. 1262–1289. doi: 10.5943/MYCOSPHERE/12/1/16. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kumar, Suresh; Javed, Ruheena; Mudd, Michal H.; Pallikkuth, Sandeep; Lidke, Keith A. & Jain, Ashish [Vis alle 22 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Mammalian hybrid pre-autophagosomal structure HyPAS generates autophagosomes. Cell. ISSN 0092-8674. 184(24), s. 5950–5969. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.10.017. Vis sammendrag

  The biogenesis of mammalian autophagosomes remains to be fully defined. Here, we used cellular and in vitro membrane fusion analyses to show that autophagosomes are formed from a hitherto unappreciated hybrid membrane compartment. The autophagic precursors emerge through fusion of FIP200 vesicles, derived from the cis-Golgi, with endosomally derived ATG16L1 membranes to generate a hybrid pre-autophagosomal structure, HyPAS. A previously unrecognized apparatus defined here controls HyPAS biogenesis and mammalian autophagosomal precursor membranes. HyPAS can be modulated by pharmacological agents whereas its formation is inhibited upon severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection or by expression of SARS-CoV-2 nsp6. These findings reveal the origin of mammalian autophagosomal membranes, which emerge via convergence of secretory and endosomal pathways, and show that this process is targeted by microbial factors such as coronaviral membrane-modulating proteins

• Halbwachs, H.; Ryvarden, Leif & Bässler, C. (2021). Larger basidiomycetes growing on poroid lignicolous fungi show rot typerelated colonization patterns. Asian Journal of Mycology (AJOM). ISSN 2651-1339. 4(2), s. 19–28. doi: 10.5943/ajom/4/2/2.
• Uttgaard, Karianne Roti; Kwembeya, Ezekeil G.; Nordal, Inger; Carlsen, Tor & Bjorå, Charlotte Sletten (2021). A phylogenetic analysis of the Crinum rautanenianum complex (Crininae,Amaryllidaceae) - with a description of C. luangwense sp. nov. South African Journal of Botany. ISSN 0254-6299. 142, s. 391–402. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2021.07.016. Vis sammendrag

  Within genus Crinum L. there has been a lot of confusion, as to species delimitation, particularly in the Crinum rautanenianum complex comprising Crinum carolo-schmidtii, C. euchrophyllum, C. paludosum, C. rautanenianum, and also a specimen referred to as sp. A in Flora of Tropical East Africa. Maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference analyses were conducted on two datasets: nuclear DNA region (ITS) and five plastid regions (trnL-F spacer, trnL intron, rps16 intron, psbA-trnH spacer, and rps12-rpl20 spacer). Additionally, morphological characters based on herbarium specimens, pictures from the field, type specimens, and protologues were studied to establish diagnostic characters within the complex. Results from phylogeny and morphological characters provide evidence for the reinstatement of C. euchrophyllum, recognition of C. rautanenianum, C. carolo-schmidtii, C. paludosum, with a revisited description of C. rautanenianum, and the description of a new taxon: C. luangwense. A taxonomic revision of the C. rautanenianum complex is presented, including diagnostic characters, an identification key and distribution maps.

• Moe, Therese Fosholt; Hessen, Dag Olav & Demars, Benoît Olivier Laurent (2021). Juncus Bulbosus Tissue Nutrient Concentrations and Stoichiometry in Oligotrophic Ecosystems: Variability with Seasons, Growth Forms, Organs and Habitats. Plants. ISSN 2223-7747. 10(3). doi: 10.3390/plants10030441. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Aquatic plant nutrient concentrations provide important information to characterise their role in nutrient retention and turnover in aquatic ecosystems. While large standing biomass of aquatic plants is typically found in nutrient-rich localities, it may also occur in oligotrophic ecosystems. Juncus bulbosus is able to form massive stands even in very nutrient-dilute waters. Here we show that this may be achieved by tissues with very high carbon-to-nutrient ratios combined with perennial (slow) growth and a poor food source for grazers inferred from plant stoichiometry and tissue nutrient thresholds. We also show that the C, N, P and C:N:P stoichiometric ratios of Juncus bulbosus vary with the time of year, habitats (lakes versus rivers) and organs (roots versus shoots). We found no differences between growth forms (notably in P, inferred as the most limiting nutrient) corresponding to small and large plant stands. The mass development of J. bulbosus requires C, N and P, whatever the ecosystem (lake or river), and not just CO2 and NH4, as suggested in previous studies. Since macrophytes inhabiting oligotrophic aquatic ecosystems are dominated by isoetids (perennial plants with a high root/shoot ratio), attention should be paid to quantifying the role of roots in aquatic plant stoichiometry, nutrient turnover and nutrient retention.

• Anderson, Thomas R.; Hessen, Dag Olav & Mayor, Daniel J. (2021). Is the growth of marine copepods limited by food quantity or quality? Limnology and Oceanography Letters. ISSN 2378-2242. 6(3), s. 127–133. doi: 10.1002/lol2.10184. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kraemer, Benjamin M.; Pilla, Rachel M.; Woolway, R Iestyn; Anneville, Orlane; Ban, Syuhei & Colom-Montero, William [Vis alle 37 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Climate change drives widespread shifts in lake thermal habitat. Nature Climate Change. ISSN 1758-678X. 11, s. 521–529. doi: 10.1038/s41558-021-01060-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Pilla, Rachel M.; Mette, Elizabeth M.; Williamson, Craig E.; Adamovich, Boris V.; Adrian, Rita & Anneville, Orlane [Vis alle 86 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Global data set of long-term summertime vertical temperature profiles in 153 lakes. Scientific Data. ISSN 2052-4463. 8, s. 1–12. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00983-y. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stenberg, Johan A.; Melby, Kjetil K.; Magnusson, Christer; Nielsen, Anders; Rydning, Julie & Wendell, Micael [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Risk assessment of the biocontrol product Nemaslug 2.0 with the active organisms Phasmarhabditis californica (strain P19D) and Moraxella osloensis. VKM Report. ISSN 2535-4019. 2021(16), s. 1–37. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Key words: VKM, risk assessment, Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment, Norwegian Food Safety Authority, biological control, Nematodes, Phasmarhabditis californica, Moraxella osloensis. Parasitic nematodes and associated bacteria are increasingly being used for biocontrol of molluscs. Functionally, it is the bacteria that kill and thus control the targeted pests, but the function of the bacteria is dependent on the nematodes, which should be regarded as vectors of biocontrol. Although the nematodes and the bacteria have a symbiotic relationship within such biocontrol formulations, it should be noted that they are not dependent on each other in the wild, but can establish separate populations which can be free-living or hosted by other organisms. The biocontrol product Nemaslug 2.0 contains the nematode Phasmarhabditis californica (strain P19D) and the bacterial symbiont Moraxella osloensis (unknown strain). The nematode was first described in 2016 and has never been reported in Norway. The lack of reports suggests that it is absent from Norway, but this conclusion comes with a high degree of uncertainty since there have been limited search efforts. The climatic thresholds of the nematode are not known, but its current distribution, spanning widely varying climates, suggests that it could survive and establish in Norway. Natural spread from currently known areas of establishment to natural habitats in Norway is ruled out due to the nematode’s limited dispersal capacity. However, human-assisted spread (e.g. via the use of biocontrol products) and establishment would be likely if Nemaslug 2.0 is allowed for use in open fields in Norway. Use of Nemaslug 2.0 in greenhouses and other enclosed areas is not likely to facilitate spread to natural habitats in Norway provided that residues are properly handled. However, deposition of product residues from greenhouses to outdoor areas may result in local establishment of the nematode in the vicinity of the deposition. Phasmarhabditis californica has a broad host range and may parasitize both rare/endangered and common mollusc species. However, there is no scientific evidence suggesting that the nematode can affect natural populations of molluscs in wild habitats, or otherwise have negative effects on biodiversity. The nematodes’ association with the bacteria Moraxella osloensis is most likely lost, or at least weakened, in natural habitats, suggesting that the nematode becomes less capable of killing its hosts in the wild. Phasmarhabditis californica is not capable of harming or infecting humans. The bacterial species Moraxella osloensis is already present in Norway in a few locations and at a low abundance, and it may be native to Norway. Little is known regarding its distribution in natural environments, but the literature shows that it can infect humans and other mammals. In humans with immunodeficiency or other comorbidities, M. osloensis can cause meningitis, vaginitis, sinusitis, bacteremia, endocarditis, and septic arthritis. The risk of infection in people handling Nemaslug 2.0 can probably be substantially reduced by protective clothing and appropriate handling. We are not aware of any reported health issues arising from use of the previous version of Nemaslug, which also contains M. osloensis. Different strains of M. osloensis are known to vary in their sensitivity to antibiotics, and likely in other traits too. Thus, the lack of information provided about the strain identity and specific characteristics of the strain used in Nemaslug 2.0 generates a high degree of uncertainty regarding its pathogenicity, climate tolerance, sensitivity to antibiotics etc.

• Bjerregaard-Andersen, Kaare; Abraha, Fana; Johannesen, Hedda; Oscarson, Stefan; Moreno, Ernesto & Krengel, Ute (2021). Key role of a structural water molecule for the specificity of 14F7 - An antitumor antibody targeting the NeuGc GM3 ganglioside. Glycobiology. ISSN 0959-6658. 31(11), s. 1500–1509. doi: 10.1093/glycob/cwab076. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sharma, Ankush; Akshay, Akshay; Rogne, Marie & Eskeland, Ragnhild (2021). ShinyArchR.UiO: user-friendly,integrative and open-source tool for visualization of single-cell ATAC-seq data using ArchR. Bioinformatics. ISSN 1367-4803. 38(3), s. 834–836. doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btab680. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Motivation: Mapping of chromatin accessibility landscapes in single-cells and the integration with gene expression enables a better understanding of gene regulatory mechanisms defining cell identities and cell-fate determination in development and disease. Generally, raw data generated from single-cell Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin sequencing (scATAC-seq) are deposited in repositories that are generally inaccessible due to lack of in-depth knowledge of computational programming. Results: We have developed ShinyArchR.UiO, an R-based shiny app, that facilitates scATAC-seq data accessibility and visualisation in a user-friendly, interactive, and open-source web interface. ShinyArchR.UiO is an application that can streamline collaborative efforts for interpretation of massive chromatin accessibility datasets and allow for open access data sharing for wider audiences.

• Egge, Elianne Dunthorn; Elferink, Stephanie; Vaulot, Daniel; John, Uwe; Bratbak, Gunnar & Larsen, Aud [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). An 18S V4 rDNA metabarcoding dataset of protist diversity in the Atlantic inflow to the Arctic Ocean, through the year and down to 1000 m depth. Earth System Science Data. ISSN 1866-3591. 13, s. 4913–4928. doi: 10.5194/essd-13-4913-2021.
• Bodin, Johanna Eva; Thorstensen, Tage; Alsheikh, Muath K; Basic, Dean; Edvardsen, Rolf Brudvik & Dalen, Knut Tomas [Vis alle 41 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Genome editing in food and feed production – implications for risk assessment. Scientific Opinion of the Scientific Steering Committee of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment. VKM Report. ISSN 2535-4019. 2021(18). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment (VKM) initiated this work to examine the extent to which organisms developed by genome-editing technologies pose new challenges in terms of risk assessment. This report considers whether the risk assessment guidance on genetically modified organisms, developed by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), can be applied to evaluate potential risks of organisms developed by genome editing. Background Gene technology has allowed for the transfer of genes between organisms and species, and thereby to design altered genotypes with novel traits, i.e. GMOs. A new paradigm started in the early 2000s with the development of genome-editing techniques. Unlike traditional genetic modification techniques resulting in insertion of foreign DNA fragments at random locations in the genome, the new genome-editing techniques additionally open for a few single nucleotide edits or short insertions/deletions at a targeted site in an organism’s genome. These new techniques can be applied to most types of organisms, including plants, animals and microorganisms of commercial interest. An important question is how the novel, genome-edited organisms should be evaluated with respect to risks to health and the environment. The European Court of Justice decided in 2018 to include genome-edited organisms in the GMO definition and hence in the regulatory system already in place. This implies that all products developed by genome-editing techniques must be risk-assessed within the existing regulatory framework for GMOs. The European and Norwegian regulatory frameworks regulate the production, import and placing on the market of food and feed containing, consisting of or produced from GMOs, as well as the release of GMOs into the environment. The assessment draws on guidance documents originally developed by EFSA for risk assessment of GMOs, which were drawn up mainly to address risks regarding insertion of transgenes. The new genome-editing techniques, however, provide a new continuum of organisms ranging from those only containing a minor genetic alteration to organisms containing insertion or deletion of larger genomic regions. Risk assessment of organisms developed by genome editing The present discourse on how new genome-editing techniques should be regulated lacks an analysis of whether risk assessment methodologies for GMOs are adequate for risk assessment of organisms developed through the use of the new genome-editing techniques. Therefore, this report describes the use of genome-editing techniques in food and feed production and discusses challenges in risk assessment with the regulatory framework. Specifically, this report poses the question as to whether the EFSA guidance documents are sufficient for evaluating risks to health and environment posed by genome-edited plants, animals and microorganisms. To address these questions, the report makes use of case examples relevant for Norway. These examples, intended for food and feed, include oilseed rape with a modified fatty acid profile, herbicide-tolerant and pest-resistant crops, sterile salmon, virus-resistant pigs and hornless cattle. The report considers all aspects of the stepwise approach as described in the EFSA guidance documents. Conclusions The inherent flexibility of the EFSA guidance makes it suitable to cover health and environmental risk assessments of a wide range of organisms with various traits and intended uses. Combined with the embedded case-by-case approach the guidance is applicable to genome-edited organisms. The evaluation of the guidance demonstrates that the parts of the health and environmental risk assessment concerned with novel traits (i.e. the phenotype of the organism) may be fully applied to all categories of genome-edited organisms. ............

• Fragoso-Bargas, Nicolas; Opsahl, Julia Onsrud; Kiryushchenko, Nadezhda; Böttcher, Yvonne; Lee-Ødegård, Sindre & Qvigstad, Elisabeth [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Cohort profile: Epigenetics in Pregnancy (EPIPREG) – Population-based sample of European and South Asian pregnant women with epigenome-wide DNA methylation (850k) in peripheral blood leukocytes. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 16(8), s. 1–15. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256158. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bjørnestad, Victoria Ariel; Rydmark, Marcella Christine Orwick & Lund, Reidar (2021). Understanding the Structural Pathways for Lipid Nanodisc Formation: How Styrene Maleic Acid Copolymers Induce Membrane Fracture and Disc Formation. Langmuir. ISSN 0743-7463. 37(20), s. 6178–6188. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00304. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Melvold, Katrine; Giliberto, Mariaserena; Karlsen, Linda; Ayuda-Duran, Maria del Pilar; Hanes, Robert & Holien, Toril [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL levels predict responsiveness to dual MEK/Bcl-2 inhibition in B-cell malignancies. Molecular Oncology. ISSN 1574-7891. s. 1–18. doi: 10.1002/1878-0261.13153. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Most patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) initially respond to targeted therapies, but eventually relapse and develop resistance. Novel treatment strategies are therefore needed to improve patient outcomes. Here, we performed direct drug testing on primary CLL cells and identified synergy between eight different mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors and the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) antagonist venetoclax. Drug sensitivity was independent of immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene variable region (IGVH) and tumor protein p53 (TP53) mutational status, and CLL cells from idelalisib-resistant patients remained sensitive to the treatment. This suggests that combined MEK/Bcl-2 inhibition may be an option for high-risk CLL. To test whether sensitivity could be detected in other B-cell malignancies, we performed drug testing on cell line models of CLL (n = 4), multiple myeloma (MM; n = 8), and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL; n = 7). Like CLL, MM cells were sensitive to the MEK inhibitor trametinib, and synergy was observed with venetoclax. In contrast, MCL cells were unresponsive to MEK inhibition. To investigate the underlying mechanisms of the disease-specific drug sensitivities, we performed flow cytometry-based high-throughput profiling of 31 signaling proteins and regulators of apoptosis in the 19 cell lines. We found that high expression of the antiapoptotic proteins myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) or B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL) predicted low sensitivity to trametinib + venetoclax. The low sensitivity could be overcome by combined treatment with an Mcl-1 or Bcl-xL inhibitor. Our findings suggest that MEK/Bcl-2 inhibition has therapeutic potential in leukemia and myeloma, and demonstrate that protein expression levels can serve as predictive biomarkers for treatment sensitivities.

• Curé, Charlotte; Isojunno, Saana; Siemensma, Marije; Wensveen, Paul; Buisson, Célia & Sivle, Lise Doksæter [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Severity Scoring of Behavioral Responses of Sperm Whales (Physeter macrocephalus) to Novel Continuous versus Conven tional Pulsed Active Sonar. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (JMSE). ISSN 2077-1312. 9(444), s. 1–25. doi: 10.3390/jmse9040444. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Controlled exposure experiments (CEEs) have demonstrated that naval pulsed active sonar (PAS) can induce costly behavioral responses in cetaceans similar to antipredator responses. New generation continuous active sonars (CAS) emit lower amplitude levels but more continuous signals. We conducted CEEs with PAS, CAS and no-sonar control on free-ranging sperm whales in Norway. Two panels blind to experimental conditions concurrently inspected acoustic-and-movement-tag data and visual observations of tagged whales and used an established severity scale (0–9) to assign scores to putative responses. Only half of the exposures elicited a response, indicating overall low responsiveness in sperm whales. Responding whales (10 of 12) showed more, and more severe responses to sonar compared to no-sonar. Moreover, the probability of response increased when whales were previously exposed to presence of predatory and/or competing killer or long-finned pilot whales. Various behavioral change types occurred over a broad range of severities (1–6) during CAS and PAS. When combining all behavioral types, the proportion of responses to CAS was significantly higher than no-sonar but not different from PAS. Responses potentially impacting vital rates i.e., with severity ≥4, were initiated at received cumulative sound exposure levels (dB re 1 μPa2 s) of 137–177 during CAS and 143–181 during PAS.

• Baho, Didier Ludovic; Rizzuto, Simone; Nizzetto, Luca; Hessen, Dag Olav; Norberg, Jon & Skjelbred, Birger [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Ecological Memory of Historical Contamination Influences the Response of Phytoplankton Communities. Ecosystems. ISSN 1432-9840. 24(7), s. 1591–1607. doi: 10.1007/s10021-021-00604-0. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Ecological memory (EM) recognizes the importance of previous stress encounters in promoting community tolerance and thereby enhances ecosystem stability, provided that gained tolerances are preserved during non-stress periods. Drawing from this concept, we hypothesized that the recruitment of tolerant species can be facilitated by imposing an initial sorting process (conditioning) during the early stages of community assembly, which should result in higher production (biomass development and photosynthetic efficiency) and stable community composition. To test this, phytoplankton resting stages were germinated from lake sediments originating from two catchments that differed in contamination history: one impacted by long-term herbicides and pesticides exposures (historically contaminated lake) from an agricultural catchment compared to a low-impacted one (near-pristine lake) from a forested catchment. Conditioning was achieved by adding an herbicide (Isoproturon, which was commonly used in the catchment of the historically contaminated lake) during germination. Afterward, the communities obtained from germination were exposed to an increasing gradient of Isoproturon. As hypothesized, upon conditioning, the phytoplankton assemblages from the historically contaminated lake were able to rapidly restore photosynthetic efficiency (p > 0.01) and became structurally (community composition) more resistant to Isoproturon. The communities of the near-pristine lake did not yield these positive effects regardless of conditioning, supporting that EM was a unique attribute of the historically stressed ecosystem. Moreover, assemblages that displayed higher structural resistance concurrently yielded lower biomass, indicating that benefits of EM in increasing structural stability may trade-off with production. Our results clearly indicate that EM can foster ecosystem stability to a recurring stressor.

• Siemer, Svenja; Bauer, Tobias A.; Scholz, Paul; Breder, Christina; Fenaroli, Federico & Harms, Gregory [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Targeting Cancer Chemotherapy Resistance by Precision Medicine-Driven Nanoparticle-Formulated Cisplatin. ACS Nano. ISSN 1936-0851. 15(11), s. 18541–18556. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08632. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Stubberud, Marlene Wæge; Nater, Chloe Rebecca; Vindenes, Yngvild; Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn & Langangen, Øystein Ole Gahr (2021). Low impact of first-time spawners on population growth in a brown trout population. Climate Research (CR). ISSN 0936-577X. 86, s. 65–78. doi: 10.3354/cr01645. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  For species with individual variation in reproductive success, experience in breeding and the distribution of different breeders is important for population productivity and viability. Human impacts, such as climate change and harvesting, can alter this distribution and thus population dynamics. Here, we investigated the effect of spawning experience on population growth in a population of migratory brown trout Salmo trutta subject to stressors including migration barriers, harvesting, and climate change. We described the population dynamics with a structured integral projection model that differentiates between first-time and repeat spawners. We then took a scenario-based approach to test to which extent spawning experience has a positive effect on the population growth of brown trout by running 3 different model simulations: a baseline scenario with no changes to the reproductive output of the population, a non-selective scenario in which the reproductive output of all spawners was reduced, and a selective scenario where the reproductive output of only first-time spawners was reduced. We found that the reproductive output of repeat spawners is more important than that of first-time spawners for population growth, in line with other studies. Moreover, the contribution of first-time spawners to the population growth through their own survival is more important than their contribution to growth through reproduction. To ensure the continued existence of the study population, survival of first-time spawners and reproductive success of repeat spawners should be prioritised. More generally, including breeding experience adds more mechanistic detail, which ultimately can aid management and conservation efforts. Integral projection model · Iteroparity · Spawning experience · Management · Selective harvesting · Population dynamics · Brown trout · Salmo trutta · Dam

• Pällmann, Nora; Ke, Deng; Livgård, Marte; Tesikova, Martina; Jin, Yixin & Frengen, Nicolai Sebastian [Vis alle 18 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Stress-mediated reprogramming of prostate cancer one-carbon cycle drives disease progression. Cancer Research. ISSN 0008-5472. 81(15), s. 4066–4078. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-20-3956. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skjeldal, Frode Miltzow; Haugen, Linda Hofstad; Nunes De C Mateus, Duarte; Frei, Dominik Michael; Rødseth, Anna Vik & Hu, Xian [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). De novo formation of early endosomes during Rab5-to-Rab7a transition. Journal of Cell Science. ISSN 0021-9533. 134(8). doi: 10.1242/jcs.254185. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Rab5 and Rab7a are the main determinants of early and late endosomes and are important regulators of endosomal progression. The transport from early endosomes to late endosome seems to be regulated through an endosomal maturation switch, where Rab5 is gradually exchanged by Rab7a on the same endosome. Here, we provide new insight into the mechanism of endosomal maturation, for which we have discovered a stepwise Rab5 detachment, sequentially regulated by Rab7a. The initial detachment of Rab5 is Rab7a independent and demonstrates a diffusion-like first-phase exchange between the cytosol and the endosomal membrane, and a second phase, in which Rab5 converges into specific domains that detach as a Rab5 indigenous endosome. Consequently, we show that early endosomal maturation regulated through the Rab5-to-Rab7a switch induces the formation of new fully functional Rab5-positive early endosomes. Progression through stepwise early endosomal maturation regulates the direction of transport and, concomitantly, the homeostasis of early endosomes.

• Vestre, Katharina; Persiconi, Irene; Distefano, Marita Borg; Mensali, Nadia; Guadagno, Noemi Antonella & Bretou, Marine [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Rab7b regulates dendritic cell migration by linking lysosomes to the actomyosin cytoskeleton. Journal of Cell Science. ISSN 0021-9533. 134(18). doi: 10.1242/jcs.259221. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Falk, Stefanie; Vollsnes, Ane V.; Eriksen, Aud Else Berglen; Stordal, Frode & Berntsen, Terje Koren (2021). Technical note: Quality assessment of ozone reanalysis products and gap-filling over subarctic Europe for vegetation risk mapping. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP). ISSN 1680-7316. 21(20), s. 15647–15661. doi: 10.5194/acp-21-15647-2021.
• Zhang, Zijian; Ryoo, David; Balusek, Curtis; Acharya, Atanu; Rydmark, Marcella Orwick & Linke, Dirk [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Inward-facing glycine residues create sharp turns in β-barrel membrane proteins. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Biomembranes. ISSN 0005-2736. 1863(10). doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183662.
• Spirin, Viacheslav; Malysheva, Vera; Schoutteten, Nathan; Viner, Ilya; Miettinen, Otto & Nordén, Jenni [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Studies in the Basidiodendron caesiocinereum complex (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota). Mycological Progress. ISSN 1617-416X. 20(10), s. 1275–1296. doi: 10.1007/s11557-021-01724-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Taxonomy of Basidiodendron caesiocinereum complex is revised based on morphological and molecular methods (with the use of nc LSU rDNA, ITS and TEF1 regions). The basidiospore ornamentation is justified as a key morphological character for the species recognition in the group. As redefined here, B. caesiocinereum is an angiosperm-dwelling species with smooth basidiospores. Bourdotia cinerella and B. cinerella var. trachyspora are proved to represent separate species with warted basidiospores; they are reintroduced as Basidiodendron cinerellum and B. trachysporum. Additionally, eight new species related to B. caesiocinereum are described based on material from Eurasia, North America and Africa, and identity of B. spinosum from Oceania is discussed.

• Ioannidis, Alexander G.; Blanco-Portillo, Javier; Sandoval, Karla; Hagelberg, Erika; Barberena-Jonas, Carmina & Hill, Adrian V. S. [Vis alle 27 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Paths and timings of the peopling of Polynesia inferred from genomic networks. Nature. ISSN 0028-0836. 597(7877), s. 522–526. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03902-8.
• Berntsen, Hanne Friis; Bodin, Johanna Eva; Øvrevik, Johan; Berntsen, Christopher Friis; Østby, Gunn Charlotte & Brinchmann, Bendik Christian [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). A human relevant mixture of persistent organic pollutants induces reactive oxygen species formation in isolated human leucocytes: Involvement of the β2-adrenergic receptor. Environment International. ISSN 0160-4120. 158. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106900. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Exposure to chlorinated (Cl), brominated (Br) and perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) persistent organic pollutants (POPs) is associated with immunotoxicity and other adverse effects in humans and animals. Previous studies on POPs have mainly focused on single chemicals, while studies on complex mixtures are limited. Using DCF and luminol assays we examined effects on ROS generation in isolated human neutrophils, monocytes and lymphocytes, after in vitro exposure to a total mixture and sub-mixtures of 29 persistent compounds (Cl, Br, and PFAA). The mixtures were based on compounds prominent in blood, breast milk, and/or food. All mixture combinations induced ROS production in one or several of the cell models, and in some cases even at concentrations corresponding to human blood levels (compound range 1 pM – 16 nM). Whilst some interactions were detected (assessed using a mixed linear model), halogenated subgroups mainly acted additively. Mechanistic studies in neutrophils at 500× human levels (0.5 nM – 8 µM) indicated similar mechanisms of action for the Cl, PFAA, the combined PFAA + Cl and total (PFAA + Br + Cl) mixtures, and ROS responses appeared to involve β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR) and Ca2+ signalling, as well as activation of NADPH oxidases. In line with this, the total mixture also increased cyclic AMP at levels comparable with the non-selective βAR agonist, isoproterenol. Although the detailed mechanisms involved in these responses remain to be elucidated, our data show that POP mixtures at concentrations found in human blood, may trigger stress responses in circulating immune cells. Mixtures of POPs, further seemed to interfere with adrenergic pathways, indicating a novel role of βARs in POP-induced effects.

• Nenseth, Hatice Zeynep; Sahu, Aparna; Saatcioglu, Fahri & Osguthorpe, Steven (2021). A Nutraceutical Formula Is Effective in Raising the Circulating Vitamin and Mineral Levels in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized Trial. Frontiers in Nutrition. ISSN 2296-861X. 8. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.703394. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Anda, Silje; Boye, Erik; Schink, Kay Oliver & Grallert, Beata (2021). Cosegregation of asymmetric features during cell division. Open Biology. ISSN 2046-2441. 11(8), s. 1–11. doi: 10.1098/rsob.210116. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Pessarrodona, Albert; Filbee-Dexter, Karen; Alcoverro, Teresa; Boada, Jordi; Feehan, Colette J. & Fredriksen, Stein [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Homogenization and miniaturization of habitat structure in temperate marine forests. Global Change Biology. ISSN 1354-1013. doi: 10.1111/gcb.15759. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Malecki, Jedrzej Mieczyslaw; O'Donohue, Marie-Francoise; Kim, Yeji; Jakobsson, Magnus; Gessa, Luca & Pinto, Rita [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Human METTL18 is a histidine-specific methyltransferase that targets RPL3 and affects ribosome biogenesis and function. Nucleic Acids Research (NAR). ISSN 0305-1048. 49(6), s. 3185–3203. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab088. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Geml, József; Morgado, Luis & Semenova-Nelsen, Tatiana A. (2021). Tundra Type Drives Distinct Trajectories of Functional and Taxonomic Composition of Arctic Fungal Communities in Response to Climate Change – Results From Long-Term Experimental Summer Warming and Increased Snow Depth. Frontiers in Microbiology. ISSN 1664-302X. 12, s. 1–13. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.628746. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Eie, Martin; Jensen, Thomas Correll; Walseng, Bjørn; Eie, Jon Arne & Hessen, Dag Olav (2021). Long-term resilience in microcrustacean communities despite environmental changes. Ecosphere. ISSN 2150-8925. 12(7), s. 1–13. doi: 10.1002/ecs2.3676. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The ability of communities to withstand stress or maintain their species composition over extended periods of environmental changes is a matter of major concern. Here, we utilize a dataset where microcrustacean communities were related to water chemistry in 82 boreal-alpine lakes over a 50-yr time span (1968 and 2016), with the same person involved in sampling both times ensuring identical sites and sampling protocols. Over this time span, there has been a 1–2°C increase in mean annual temperatures and prolonged growing seasons. Also, the strong changes in SO4 deposition and acidification, peaking in the early 1980s, followed by a recovery period, have caused not only an increase in pH but also a pronounced browning (elevated DOC) and reduced levels of Ca over the past three decades. Despite this, the microcrustacean diversity and community composition have remained remarkably stable, and this holds both for the species-rich larger, boreal sites and the species-poor alpine sites. While likely there are interannual fluctuations in species abundance, and perhaps species may also be missing for certain periods, a combination of local refugia, resting egg seed-banks and a regional recolonization that may occur at the metapopulation level, aims at maintaining a strong stability in community composition.

• Bengtsen, Mads; Winje, Ivan Myhre; Eftestøl, Einar; Landskron, Johannes; Sun, Chengyi & Nygård, Kamilla Børve [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Comparing the epigenetic landscape in myonuclei purified with a PCM1 antibody from a fast/glycolytic and a slow/oxidative muscle. PLoS Genetics. ISSN 1553-7390. 17:e1009907(11). doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009907. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Eftestøl, Einar; Ochi, Eisuke; Juvkam, Inga & Gundersen, Kristian (2021). A juvenile climbing exercise establishes a muscle memory boosting the effects of exercise in adult rats. bioRxiv. ISSN 2692-8205. s. 1–18. doi: 10.1101/2021.06.02.446793.
• Lehr, Andrew; Kumar, Arvind; Tezlaff, Christian; Hafting, Torkel; Fyhn, Marianne & Stöber, Tristan Manfred (2021). CA2 beyond social memory: Evidence for a fundamental role in hippocampal information processing. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. ISSN 0149-7634. 126, s. 398–412. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.03.020. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Hippocampal region CA2 has received increased attention due to its importance in social recognition memory. While its specific function remains to be identified, there are indications that CA2 plays a major role in a variety of situations, widely extending beyond social memory. In this targeted review, we highlight lines of research which have begun to converge on a more fundamental role for CA2 in hippocampus-dependent memory processing. We discuss recent proposals that speak to the computations CA2 may perform within the hippocampal circuit.

• Lepperød, Mikkel Elle; Christensen, Ane Charlotte; Lensjø, Kristian Kinden; Buccino, Alessio Paolo; Yu, Jai & Fyhn, Marianne [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Optogenetic pacing of medial septum parvalbumin-positive cells disrupts temporal but not spatial firing in grid cells. Science Advances. ISSN 2375-2548. 7(19). doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abd5684. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Crapart, Camille Marie; Andersen, Tom; Hessen, Dag Olav; Valiente Parra, Nicolas & Vogt, Rolf David (2021). Factors Governing Biodegradability of Dissolved Natural Organic Matter in Lake Water. Water. ISSN 2073-4441. 13(16). doi: 10.3390/w13162210. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rasmussen, Marit; Tan, Susanna; Somisetty, Venkata Satheesh; Hutin, David; Olafsen, Ninni Elise & Moen, Anders [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). PARP7 and Mono-ADP-Ribosylation Negatively Regulate Estrogen Receptor α Signaling in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Cells. ISSN 2073-4409. 10(3). doi: 10.3390/cells10030623. Vis sammendrag

  ADP-ribosylation is a post-translational protein modification catalyzed by a family of proteins known as poly-ADP-ribose polymerases. PARP7 (TIPARP; ARTD14) is a mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase involved in several cellular processes, including responses to hypoxia, innate immunity and regulation of nuclear receptors. Since previous studies suggested that PARP7 was regulated by 17β-estradiol, we investigated whether PARP7 regulates estrogen receptor α signaling. We confirmed the 17β-estradiol-dependent increases of PARP7 mRNA and protein levels in MCF-7 cells, and observed recruitment of estrogen receptor α to the promoter of PARP7. Overexpression of PARP7 decreased ligand-dependent estrogen receptor α signaling, while treatment of PARP7 knockout MCF-7 cells with 17β-estradiol resulted in increased expression of and recruitment to estrogen receptor α target genes, in addition to increased proliferation. Co-immunoprecipitation assays revealed that PARP7 mono-ADP-ribosylated estrogen receptor α, and mass spectrometry mapped the modified peptides to the receptor’s ligand-independent transactivation domain. Co-immunoprecipitation with truncated estrogen receptor α variants identified that the hinge region of the receptor is required for PARP7-dependent mono-ADP-ribosylation. These results imply that PARP7-mediated mono-ADP-ribosylation may play an important role in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer.

• Aarønes, Malin Røyset; Paus-Knudsen, Julie Sørlie; Nielsen, Anders; Rundberget, Thomas & Borgå, Katrine (2021). Within-Body Distributions and Feeding Effects of the Neonicotinoid Insecticide Clothianidin in Bumblebees (Bombus terrestris). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. ISSN 0730-7268. 40(10), s. 2781–2790. doi: 10.1002/etc.5154. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Bumblebees can be exposed to neonicotinoid pesticides through nectar and pollen collected from treated crops, which can cause lethal and sublethal effects in these nontarget pollinators. However, the body distribution of the compound after exposure to neonicotinoids in bumblebees is not well studied. Bumblebee colonies (Bombus terrestris, n = 20) were exposed to field-realistic concentrations of clothianidin through artificial nectar (3.6–13 µg/L) for 9 d. Comparison of the nominal with the measured exposure in nectar indicated good compliance, confirming the applicability of the method. When quantified, clothianidin showed a concentration-dependent occurrence in the head and body of workers (head: <0.2–2.17 µg/kg; body: <0.2–3.17 µg/kg), and in the body of queens (<0.2–2.49 µg/kg), although concentrations were below those measured in the nectar (bioaccumulation factor = 0.2). Exposure to clothianidin did not affect mortality nor brood production, nor did it have a statistically significant effect on nectar consumption and size of food storage. However, visual inspection suggests higher nectar consumption of nectar with low clothianidin content compared with nectar with no or high clothianidin content. Our results show that dietary clothianidin is taken up in bumblebees, but does not bioaccumulate to elevated levels compared with exposure. Still, clothianidin may elicit responses that affect feeding behavior of the pollinator B. terrestris, although our endpoints were not significantly affected.

• Liyakat Ali, Tharvesh Moideen; Brunet, Annaëlle; Collas, Philippe & Paulsen, Jonas (2021). TAD cliques predict key features of chromatin organization. BMC Genomics. ISSN 1471-2164. 22(1). doi: 10.1186/s12864-021-07815-8. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Blanc-Mathieu, Romain; Dahle, Håkon; Hofgaard, Antje; Brandt, David; Ban, Hiroki & Kalinowski, Jörn [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). A persistent giant algal virus, with a unique morphology, encodes an unprecedented number of genes involved in energy metabolism. Journal of Virology. ISSN 0022-538X. 95(8), s. 1–58. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02446-20.
• Bjørnestad, Maria; Kalisch, Henrik; Abid, Malek; Kharif, Christian & Brun, Mats (2021). Wave Breaking in Undular Bores with Shear Flows. Water Waves. ISSN 2523-367X. 3, s. 473–490. doi: 10.1007/s42286-020-00046-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kaartvedt, Stein; Ugland, Karl I.; Heuschele, Jan David & Solberg, Ingrid (2021). Coordinated gas release among the physostomous fish sprat (Sprattus sprattus). Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 11(1). doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-92585-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Previous experimental studies suggest that the production of sound associated with expelling gas from an open swimbladder may play a role in communication. This would suggest non-random gas release. We used deployed echosounders to study patterns of gas release among a ford population of sprat (Sprattus sprattus). The echosounder records concurrently revealed individual fsh and their release of gas. The gas release primarily occurred at night, partly following recurrent temporal patterns, but also varying between nights. In testing for non-randomness, we formulated a datadriven simulation approach. Non-random gas release scaled with the length of the analyzed time intervals from 1 min to 6 h, and above 30 min the release events in more than 50% of the intervals were signifcantly connected.

• Pihlstrøm, Nicklas; Jin, Yang; Nenseth, Hatice Zeynep; Kuzu, Omer Faruk & Saatcioglu, Fahri (2021). Stamp2 expression mediated by cytokines attenuates their growth-limiting effects in prostate cancer cells. Cancers. ISSN 2072-6694. 13(7). doi: 10.3390/cancers13071579. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Adusumalli, Ravi; Åsheim, Hans-Christian; Lupashin, Vladimir; blackburn, jessica b & Prydz, Kristian (2021). Proteoglycan synthesis in conserved oligomeric Golgi subunit deficient HEK293T cells is affected differently, depending on the lacking subunit. Traffic: The moving front of cell biology. ISSN 1398-9219. doi: 10.1111/tra.12804. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sagova-Mareckova, Marketa; Boenigk, Jens; Bouchez, Agnès; Cermakova, Kristina; Chonova, Teofana & Cordier, Tristan [Vis alle 34 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Expanding ecological assessment by integrating microorganisms into routine freshwater biomonitoring. Water Research. ISSN 0043-1354. 191. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116767. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skrede, Inger; Murat, Claude; Hess, Jaqueline; Maurice, Sundy Ursula Mary Jane; Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik & Kohler, Annegret [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Contrasting demographic histories revealed in two invasive populations of the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans. Molecular Ecology. ISSN 0962-1083. 30(12), s. 2772–2789. doi: 10.1111/mec.15934. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Globalization and international trade have impacted organisms around the world leading to a considerable number of species establishing in new geographic areas. Many organisms have taken advantage of human-made environments, including buildings. One such species is the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans, which is the most aggressive wood-decay fungus in indoor environments in temperate regions. Using population genomic analyses of 36 full genome sequenced isolates, we demonstrated that European and Japanese isolates are highly divergent and the populations split 3000–19,000 generations ago, probably predating human influence. Approximately 250 generations ago, the European population went through a tight bottleneck, probably corresponding to the fungus colonization of the built environment in Europe. The demographic history of these populations, probably lead to low adaptive potential. Only two loci under selection were identified using a Fst outlier approach, and selective sweep analyses identified three loci with extended haplotype homozygosity. The selective sweep analyses found signals in genes possibly related to decay of various substrates in Japan and in genes involved DNA replication and protein modification in Europe. Our results suggest that the dry rot fungus independently established in indoor environments in Europe and Japan and that invasive species can potentially establish large populations in new habitats based on a few colonizing individuals.

• Høydahl, Lene; Frigstad, Terje; Rasmussen, Ingunn B; Øynebråten, Inger; Schjetne, Karoline W & Andersen, Jan Terje [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Antibody-mediated delivery of T-cell epitopes to antigen-presenting cells induce strong CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses. Vaccine. ISSN 0264-410X. 39(11), s. 1583–1592. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.02.012. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Øverbye, Anders; Torgersen, Maria Lyngaas; Sønstevold, Tonje; Iversen, Tore Geir; Mørch, Ýrr Asbjørg & Skotland, Tore [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Cabazitaxel-loaded poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles: Toxicity and changes in the proteome of breast, colon and prostate cancer cells. Nanotoxicology. ISSN 1743-5390. 15(7), s. 865–884. doi: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1924888. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Nanoparticles composed of poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) (PACA) have shown great promise due to their biodegradability and high drug loading capacity. Development of optimal PACA nanocarriers requires detailed analysis of the overall cellular impact exerted by PACA variants. We here perform a comprehensive comparison of cabazitaxel (CBZ)-loaded nanocarriers composed of three different PACA monomers, i.e. poly(n-butyl cyanoacrylate) (PBCA), poly(2-ethylbutyl cyanoacrylate) (PEBCA) and poly(octyl cyanoacrylate) (POCA). The cytotoxicity of drug-loaded and empty PACA nanoparticles were compared to that of free CBZ across a panel of nine cancer cell lines by assessing cellular metabolism, proliferation and protein synthesis. The analyses revealed that the cytotoxicity of all CBZ-loaded PACAs was similar to that of free CBZ for all cell lines tested, whereas the empty PACAs exerted much lower toxicity. To increase our understanding of the toxic effects of these treatments comprehensive MS-based proteomics were performed with HCT116, MDA-MB-231 and PC3 cells incubated with PACA-CBZ variants or free CBZ. Interestingly, PACA-CBZ specifically led to decreased levels of proteins involved in focal adhesion and stress fibers in all cell lines. Since we recently demonstrated that encapsulation of CBZ within PEBCA nanoparticles significantly improved the therapeutic effect of CBZ on a patient derived xenograft model in mice, we investigated the effects of this PACA variant more closely by immunoblotting. Interestingly, we detected several changes in the protein expression and degree of phosphorylation of SRC-pathway proteins that can be relevant for the therapeutic effects of these substances.

• Sharma, Ankush & Colonna, Giovanni (2021). System-Wide Pollution of Biomedical Data: Consequence of the Search for Hub Genes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Without Spatiotemporal Consideration. Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy. ISSN 1177-1062. 25(1), s. 9–27. doi: 10.1007/s40291-020-00505-3.
• Gopakumar, Anjali; Giebichenstein, Julia; Raskhozheva, Evgeniia & Borgå, Katrine (2021). Mercury in Barents Sea fish in the Arctic polar night: Species and spatial comparison. Marine Pollution Bulletin. ISSN 0025-326X. 169, s. 1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112501. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Andresen, Ina Jungersen; Orr, Russell John Scott; Krabberød, Anders Kristian; Shalchian-Tabrizi, Kamran & Bråte, Jon (2021). Genome sequencing and de novo assembly of the giant unicellular alga Acetabularia acetabulum using droplet MDA. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 11. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-92092-4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Straumfors, Anne; Mundra, Sunil; Foss, Oda Astrid Haarr; Mollerup, Steen Kristen & Kauserud, Håvard (2021). The airborne mycobiome and associations with mycotoxins and inflammatory markers in the Norwegian grain industry. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 11. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88252-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Grain dust exposure is associated with respiratory symptoms among grain industry workers. However, the fungal assemblage that contribute to airborne grain dust has been poorly studied. We characterized the airborne fungal diversity at industrial grain- and animal feed mills, and identified differences in diversity, taxonomic compositions and community structural patterns between seasons and climatic zones. The fungal communities displayed strong variation between seasons and climatic zones, with 46% and 21% of OTUs shared between different seasons and climatic zones, respectively. The highest species richness was observed in the humid continental climate of the southeastern Norway, followed by the continental subarctic climate of the eastern inland with dryer, short summers and snowy winters, and the central coastal Norway with short growth season and lower temperature. The richness did not vary between seasons. The fungal diversity correlated with some specific mycotoxins in settled dust and with fibrinogen in the blood of exposed workers, but not with the personal exposure measurements of dust, glucans or spore counts. The study contributes to a better understanding of fungal exposures in the grain and animal feed industry. The differences in diversity suggest that the potential health effects of fungal inhalation may also be different.

• Wutkowska, Magdalena; Ehrich, Dorothee; Mundra, Sunil; Vader, Anna & Eidesen, Pernille Bronken (2021). Can root-associated fungi mediate the impact of abiotic conditions on the growth of a High Arctic herb? Soil Biology and Biochemistry. ISSN 0038-0717. 159. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108284. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Arctic plants are affected by many stressors. Root-associated fungi are thought to influence plant performance in stressful environmental conditions. However, the relationships are not well-known; do the number of fungal partners, their ecological functions and community composition mediate the impact of environmental conditions and/or influence host plant performance? To address these questions, we used a common arctic plant as a model system: Bistorta vivipara. Whole plants (including root system) were collected from nine locations in Spitsbergen (n=214). Morphometric features were measured as a proxy for performance and combined with metabarcoding datasets of their root-associated fungi (amplicon sequence variants, ASVs), edaphic and meteorological variables. Seven biological hypotheses regarding fungal influence on plant measures were tested using structural equation modelling. The best-fitting model revealed that local temperature affected plants both directly (negatively aboveground and positively below-ground) and indirectly - mediated by fungal richness and the ratio of symbio- and saprotrophic ASVs. The influence of temperature on host plants is therefore complex and should be examined further. Fungal community composition did not impact plant measurements and plant reproductive investment was not influenced by any fungal parameters. The lack of impact of fungal community composition on plant performance suggests that the functional importance of fungi is more essential for the plant than their identity.

• Reimers, Eigil; Eftestøl, Sindre & Colman, Jonathan Edward (2021). Vigilance in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus); evolutionary history, predation and human interference. Polar Biology. ISSN 0722-4060. 44, s. 997–1007. doi: 10.1007/s00300-021-02857-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Knudtzon, Nina C; Thorstensen, Helene; Ruus, Anders; Helberg, Morten; Bæk, Kine & Enge, Ellen Katrin [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Maternal transfer and occurrence of siloxanes, chlorinated paraffins, metals, PFAS and legacy POPs in herring gulls (Larus argentatus) of different urban influence. Environment International. ISSN 0160-4120. 152. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106478. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Urban herring gulls (Larus argentatus) are exposed to contaminants from aquatic, terrestrial and anthropogenic sources. We aim to assess if differences in urbanisation affect ecological niche and contaminant concentrations in female herring gulls. Furthermore, we investigated maternal transfer from mothers to eggs for all the target compounds, including chlorinated paraffins (CPs) and cyclic volatile methyl siloxane (cVMSs), which to our knowledge have not been assessed in herring gulls previously. We compare concentrations of legacy and emerging contaminants and metals in blood and eggs between two herring gull colonies located 51 km apart, in the urban influenced Norwegian Oslofjord. While both colonies are within an urbanised area, the inner fjord is more so, as it is surrounded by Oslo, the capital and largest city in Norway Stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen indicated a more marine ecological niche in the outer than the inner fjord colony, although with overlap. Persistent organic pollutant (POP) concentrations were similar in the inner and outer fjord colonies, while the short-chained chlorinated paraffins (SCCP), which are recently added to the Stockholm convention and contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) varied, with higher concentrations of SCCP and the cVMS decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) in females and eggs of the inner fjord colony. Per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS) concentrations were higher in the outer fjord colony, likely linked to releases from a point-source (airport and waste management facility with open access to food waste). In blood, chlorinated paraffins contributed most the total lipophilic contaminants (inner: 78%, outer: 56%), while polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were the most abundant lipophilic contaminants in eggs (inner: 62%, outer: 46%). Dechloranes and brominated flame retardants (BFRs) were detected in few samples. Maternal transfer, assessed by egg to blood ratios, of cVMSs were similar to the POPs with mean log ratio 0.39 (D5), while it was lower for SCCPs, with log ratios-0.77. Our results indicate comparable POP exposure of the herring gulls in the inner and outer Oslofjord, likely due to overlap in ecological niches between the colonies and wide distribution of POPs. The differences between the colonies in concentrations of PFAS, cVMS and CPs shows that point source exposures and urban influence may be more important than ecological niche for these compounds.

• Lemma, Roza Berhanu; Ledsaak, Marit; Fuglerud, Bettina Maria; Sandve, Geir Kjetil; Eskeland, Ragnhild & Gabrielsen, Odd Stokke (2021). Chromatin occupancy and target genes of the haematopoietic master transcription factor MYB. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 11(9008). doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88516-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The transcription factor MYB is a master regulator in haematopoietic progenitor cells and a pioneer factor affecting differentiation and proliferation of these cells. Leukaemic transformation may be promoted by high MYB levels. Despite much accumulated molecular knowledge of MYB, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of its target genes and its chromatin action. In the present work, we performed a ChIP-seq analysis of MYB in K562 cells accompanied by detailed bioinformatics analyses. We found that MYB occupies both promoters and enhancers. Five clusters (C1–C5) were found when we classified MYB peaks according to epigenetic profiles. C1 was enriched for promoters and C2 dominated by enhancers. C2-linked genes were connected to hematopoietic specific functions and had GATA factor motifs as second in frequency. C1 had in addition to MYB-motifs a significant frequency of ETS-related motifs. Combining ChIP-seq data with RNA-seq data allowed us to identify direct MYB target genes. We also compared ChIP-seq data with digital genomic footprinting. MYB is occupying nearly a third of the super-enhancers in K562. Finally, we concluded that MYB cooperates with a subset of the other highly expressed TFs in this cell line, as expected for a master regulator

• Stabell, Marianne; Sæther, Thomas; Kjendseth, Åsmund Røhr; Gabrielsen, Odd Stokke & Myklebost, Ola (2021). Methylation-dependent SUMOylation of the architectural transcription factor HMGA2. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. ISSN 0006-291X. 552, s. 91–97. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.099. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  High mobility group A2 (HMGA2) is a chromatin-associated protein involved in the regulation of stem cell function, embryogenesis and cancer development. Although the protein does not contain a consensus SUMOylation site, it is shown to be SUMOylated. In this study, we demonstrate that the first lysine residue in the reported K66KAE SUMOylation motif in HMGA2 can be methylated in vitro and in vivo by the Set7/9 methyltransferase. By editing the lysine, the increased hydrophobicity of the resulting 6-N-methyl-lysine transforms the sequence into a consensus SUMO motif. This post-translational editing dramatically increases the subsequent SUMOylation of this site. Furthermore, similar putative methylation-dependent SUMO motifs are found in a number of other chromatin factors, and we confirm methylation-dependent SUMOylation of a site in one such protein, the Polyhomeotic complex 1 homolog (PHC1). Together, these results suggest that crosstalk between methylation and SUMOylation is a general mode for regulation of chromatin function.

• Barcytė, Dovilė; Eikrem, Wenche; Engesmo, Anette; Seoane, Sergio; Wohlmann, Jens & Horák, Aleš [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Olisthodiscus represents a new class of Ochrophyta . Journal of Phycology. ISSN 0022-3646. 57(4), s. 1094–1118. doi: 10.1111/jpy.13155. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The phylogenetic diversity of Ochrophyta, a diverse and ecologically important radiation of algae, is still incompletely understood even at the level of the principal lineages. One taxon that has eluded simple classification is the marine flagellate genus Olisthodiscus. We investigated Olisthodiscus luteus K-0444 and documented its morphological and genetic differences from the NIES-15 strain, which we described as Olisthodiscus tomasii sp. nov. Phylogenetic analyses of combined 18S and 28S rRNA sequences confirmed that Olisthodiscus constitutes a separate, deep, ochrophyte lineage, but its position could not be resolved. To overcome this problem, we sequenced the plastid genome of O. luteus K-0444 and used the new data in multigene phylogenetic analyses, which suggested that Olisthodiscus is a sister lineage of the class Pinguiophyceae within a broader clade additionally including Chrysophyceae, Synchromophyceae, and Eustigmatophyceae. Surprisingly, the Olisthodiscus plastid genome contained three genes, ycf80, cysT, and cysW, inherited from the rhodophyte ancestor of the ochrophyte plastid yet lost from all other ochrophyte groups studied so far. Combined with nuclear genes for CysA and Sbp proteins, Olisthodiscus is the only known ochrophyte possessing a plastidial sulfate transporter SulT. In addition, the finding of a cemA gene in the Olisthodiscus plastid genome and an updated phylogenetic analysis ruled out the previously proposed hypothesis invoking horizontal cemA transfer from a green algal plastid into Synurales. Altogether, Olisthodiscus clearly represents a novel phylogenetically distinct ochrophyte lineage, which we have proposed as a new class, Olisthodiscophyceae.

• Rooke, Jessica; Icke, Christopher; Wells, Timothy; Rossiter, Amanda; Browning, Douglas & Morris, Faye [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). BamA and BamD Are Essential for the Secretion of Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesins. Frontiers in Microbiology. ISSN 1664-302X. 12. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.628879. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Christensen, Ane Charlotte; Lensjø, Kristian Kinden; Lepperød, Mikkel Elle; Dragly, Svenn-Arne; Sutterud, Hallvard & Blackstad, Jan Sigurd [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Perineuronal nets stabilize the grid cell network. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 12. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20241-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Haugland, Barbro Taraldset; Armitage, Caroline S.; Kutti, Tina; Husa, Vivian; Skogen, Morten D. & Bekkby, Trine [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Large-scale salmon farming in Norway impacts the epiphytic community of Laminaria hyperborea. Aquaculture Environment Interactions. ISSN 1869-215X. 13, s. 81–100. doi: 10.3354/AEI00392. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Large-scale finfish farms are increasingly located in dispersive hard-bottom environments where Laminaria hyperborea forests dominate; however, the interactions between farm effluents and kelp forests are poorly understood. Effects of 2 levels of salmonid fish-farming effluents (high and low) on L. hyperborea epiphytic communities were studied by sampling canopy plants from 12 sites in 2 high-energy dispersive environments. Specifically, we assessed if farm effluents stimulated fast-growing epiphytic algae and faunal species on L. hyperborea stipes—as this can impact the kelp forest community composition—and/or an increased lamina epiphytic growth, which could negatively impact the kelp itself. We found that bryozoan biomass on the stipes was significantly higher at high-effluent farm sites compared to low-effluent farm and reference sites, resulting in a significantly different epiphytic community. Macroalgal biomass also increased with increasing effluent levels, including opportunistic Ectocarpus spp., resulting in a less heterogeneous macroalgae community at high-effluent farm sites. This habitat heterogeneity was further reduced by the high bryozoan biomass at the high-effluent sites. Such changes in the epiphyte community could have implications for the faunal community that relies on the epiphytes for food and refuge. On the kelp lamina, no clear response to farm effluents was found.

• Grønlien, Heidi Kristine; Fontaine, Romain; Hodne, Kjetil; Tysseng, Linn Isabelle; Ager-Wick, Eirill & Weltzien, Finn-Arne [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Long extensions with varicosity-like structures in gonadotrope Lh cells facilitate clustering in medaka pituitary culture. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 16(1). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245462. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Põlme, Sergei; Abarenkov, Kessy; Nilsson, R. Henrik; Lindahl, Björn D.; Clemmensen, Karina E. & Kauserud, Håvard [Vis alle 74 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). FungalTraits: a user‑friendly traits database of fungi and fungus‑like stramenopiles. Fungal diversity. ISSN 1560-2745. doi: 10.1007/s13225-020-00466-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The cryptic lifestyle of most fungi necessitates molecular identification of the guild in environmental studies. Over the past decades, rapid development and affordability of molecular tools have tremendously improved insights of the fungal diversity in all ecosystems and habitats. Yet, in spite of the progress of molecular methods, knowledge about functional properties of the fungal taxa is vague and interpretation of environmental studies in an ecologically meaningful manner remains challenging. In order to facilitate functional assignments and ecological interpretation of environmental studies we introduce a user friendly traits and character database FungalTraits operating at genus and species hypothesis levels. Combining the information from previous efforts such as FUNGuild and FunFun together with involvement of expert knowledge, we reannotated 10,210 and 151 fungal and Stramenopila genera, respectively. This resulted in a stand-alone spreadsheet dataset covering 17 lifestyle related traits of fungal and Stramenopila genera, designed for rapid functional assignments of environmental studies. In order to assign the trait states to fungal species hypotheses, the scientific community of experts manually categorised and assigned available trait information to 697,413 fungal ITS sequences. On the basis of those sequences we were able to summarise trait and host information into 92,623 fungal species hypotheses at 1% dissimilarity threshold. Fungal traits · Trophic modes · Function · Guild · Bioinformatics · High-throughput sequencing · Community ecology

• Beal, J; Saragliadis, Athanasios & Linke, Dirk (2020). Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density. Communications Biology. ISSN 2399-3642. 3(1). doi: 10.1038/s42003-020-01127-5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

Sjå alle arbeida i Cristin

• Ryvarden, Leif; Decock, C.; Mossebo, D. & Masuka, A. (2022). Poroid Fungi of Africa: Synopsis Fungorum 45. Fungiflora. ISBN 9788290724639. 272 s.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2022). Cyphelloid fungi in Scandinavia – a preliminary synopsis. Fungiflora. ISBN 978-82-90724-64-6. 20 s.
• Marianne, Sletbakk; Arnodd, Håpnes; Hessen, Dag Olav; Kristin, Martinsen & Eskeland, Ragnhild (2022). Bios 2 Biologi 2 (LK20) . Cappelen Damm Akademisk. ISBN 9788202743253. 432 s.
• Larsson, Karl-Henrik & Ryvarden, Leif (2021). Corticioid fungi of Europe. Volum 1. Acanthobasidium – Gyrodontium. Fungiflora. ISBN 978-82-90724-60-8. 1(43). 266 s.

Sjå alle arbeida i Cristin

• Linke, Dirk & Falk, Jonathan (2024). Beroliger folk etter «zombie-virus»-funn. [Internett]. VG.NO.
• AASHEIM, ERLEND T.; Bhopal, Anand ; O’Brien, Karen; Lie, Anne Kveim; Nakstad, Espen Rostrup & Andersen, Lene Frost [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Climate change and health: a 2-week course for medical students to inspire change. The Lancet Planetary Health. ISSN 2542-5196. 7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ryvarden, Leif (2023). Nomenclatorial notes. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 47, s. 56–58.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2023). Perenniporia ochroleuca (Polyporaceae, Basidiomycota), first report of poroid macrofungi of (Tunisia) continental N-Africa. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 47, s. 51–55.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2023). New records and further host-plants related to poorly known lignicolous species within Hymenochaetaceae (Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota) to Tunisian macrofungi 36. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 47, s. 36–50.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2023). Some corticioid fungi on driftwood in Finnmark, Northern Norway. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 47, s. 34–35.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2023). Aphyllophorales of Africa 59, Some wood inhabiting species from Kenya. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 47, s. 30–33.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2023). Aphyllophorales of Africa 58, Some poroid species from Mt. Elgon in Kenya. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 47, s. 27–29.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2023). Aphyllophorales of Africa 56, Some new African corticioid species. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 47, s. 19–23.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2023). Aphyllophorales of Africa 57, Some corticioid species from Ghana. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 47, s. 24–26.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2023). Aphyllophorales of Africa 55, Some wood inhabiting species from Zimbabwe. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 47, s. 16–18.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2023). Aphyllophorales of Africa 54, Some new polypores from Africa. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 47, s. 5–15.
• Hyde, Kevin D.; Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.; + 386 authors, +; Rämä, Teppo; Larsson, Karl Henrik & Ryvarden, Leif [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Global consortium for the classification of fungi and fungus-like taxa. Mycosphere. ISSN 2077-7000. 14(1), s. 1960–2012. doi: 10.5943/mycosphere/14/1/23. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Edvardsen, Bente; Supraha, Luka; Egge, Elianne Dunthorn & Saubrekka, Karoline (2023). Diversity and distribution of marine protists in the Arctic explored by a polyphasic approach.
• Wang, Daoping; Bjørnstad, Ottar Nordal; Lei, Tianyang; Sun, Yida; Huo, Jingwen & Hao, Qi [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Author Correction: Supply chains create global benefits from improved vaccine accessibility (Nature Communications, (2023), 14, 1, (1569), 10.1038/s41467-023-37075-x). Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 14(1). doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-41336-0.
• Hussain, Badra; Simm, Roger; Bueno, Jaime; Giannettou, Savvas; Naemi, Ali-Oddin & Lyngstadaas, Ståle Petter [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Chemical decontamination strategies for treatment of peri-implant disease.
• Petrikonyte, Patricija; Mekasha, Sophanit & Linke, Dirk (2023). Tenacibaculum maritimum virulence factors.
• Mekasha, Sophanit; Tøndervik, Anne & Linke, Dirk (2023). Exploring virulence factors of Tenacibaculum maritimum.
• Campana Perilla, Ana Lucia; Joudeh, Nadeem; Merroun, Mohamed; Gomez-Bolivar, Jamie; Linke, Dirk & Mikheenko, Pavlo (2023). Bacterial synthesis of Palladium nanoparticles.
• Yoshimoto, Shogo; Aoki, S.; Ohara, Y; Ishikawa, Masahito; Suzuki, A & Lupas, Andrei [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Identification of the adhesive domain of AtaA from Acinetobacter sp. Tol 5 and its application in immobilizing Escherichia coli.
• Saragliadis, Athanasios & Linke, Dirk (2023). Development of assays for novel antimicrobials: screening for small-molecule inhibitors of YadA adhesion to collagen.
• Petrikonyte, Patricija; Mekasha, Sophanit & Linke, Dirk (2023). T. maritimum virulence factors.
• Mekasha, Sophanit; Haslene-Hox, Hanne; Sperstad, Sigrid Bakken; Tøndervik, Anne & Linke, Dirk (2023). Exploring virulence factors of Tenacibaculum maritimum.
• Linke, Dirk (2023). Structure, Function and Evolution of Autotransporter Adhesins.
• Reese, Jan-Ole; Saragliadis, Athanasios; Haugen, Håvard Jostein & Linke, Dirk (2023). Development of multi-species biofilm models for evaluating medical approaches in dentistry.
• Saragliadis, Athanasios & Linke, Dirk (2023). Assay development for novel antimicrobials: screening for small-molecule inhibitors of YadA adhesion to collagen.
• Lislerud, Anna; Nakatani, Hajime; Hori, Katsutoshi; Spence, Maria Helle; Saragliadis, Athanasios & Linke, Dirk (2023). Characterization of adhesion factors from the microbial fish pathogen Yersinia ruckeri and their association with host receptors.
• Fan, Enguo & Linke, Dirk (2023). Methods and assays to study protein transport in vivo.
• Ledo, Jesus & Linke, Dirk (2023). Biofouling on metal surfaces.
• Hori, Katsutoshi & Linke, Dirk (2023). Application of a bacterial adhesin to bioprocesses.
• Nakatani, Hajime; Linke, Dirk & Hori, Katsutoshi (2023). Study on the fish epidermal bacterial flora for fish disease control.
• Yoshimoto, Shogo; Linke, Dirk & Hori, Katsutoshi (2023). Single-cell analysis of adhesive bacteria using atomic force microscopy.
• Campana, A.; Joudeh, Nadeem; Merroun, Mohamed; Gomez-Bolivar, Jamie; Linke, Dirk & Mikheenko, Pavlo (2023). Biosynthesis and characterization of Palladium-based nanoparticles produced by Escherichia coli.
• Sanz-Gaitero, Marta; Cunha, Eva S.; Linke, Dirk & Lücke, Hartmut (2023). Using Escherichia coli as a model to test Helicobacter pylori urease inhibitors.
• Bekkby, Trine; Torstensen, Ragnhild Ryther Grimm; Grünfeld, Lars Andreas Holm; Gundersen, Hege; Fredriksen, Stein & Rinde, Eli [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Hanging gardens - do floating kelp farm communities resemble natural kelp forests? Vis sammendrag

  The interest in seaweed cultivation is increasing globally, which requires knowledge of the potential effect of seaweed production on the marine environment, both negative and positive. We therefore wanted to study the fauna communities found in a kelp farm and compare these with what is found in natural kelp forests with the aim of finding out if a kelp farm ecosystem resembles that of natural kelp forests. The field work was conducted in north-western Norway, just before the kelp was harvested in the spring. Fauna traps were deployed and kelp plants scraped in the kelp farm (both in the sugar kelp, Saccharina latissima, and the winged kelp, Alaria esculenta, part), in natural sugar kelp, winged kelp and tangle kelp (Laminaria hyperborea) forests and in the water masses. The potential effect of the duration of the growth period of the farmed sugar kelp on the associated community was also analysed. The study shows that a kelp farm has lower taxa richness and fewer individuals than natural kelp forests, but indicates that the farm still has an ecological function as a habitat. However, the communities in the farm are more similar to the natural kelp forest surrounding the farm than with the natural kelp forest of similar species. The result from this study contributes with important knowledge of kelp farms ecological role in the marine environment, which is important both for today’s management and for the planned growth of the industry.

• Linke, Dirk (2023). Type-5-secreted adhesins in human and animal disease.
• Bjorå, Charlotte Sletten; Bødker, Kine Hals; Moe, Ida Emilie; Tesfaye, Awas; Sebsebe, Demissew & Hutchinson, Jonathan [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). A phylogenetic analysis of the genus Scadoxus (Amaryllidaceae).
• Nordal, Inger & Bjorå, Charlotte Sletten (2022). The role of dedicated "amateurs" in the exploration of African plant diversity.
• Alexander, Jan; Hemre, Gro Ingunn; Hofshagen, Merete; Mathisen, Gro Haarklou; Aasmo-Finne, Merethe & Agdestein, Angelika [Vis alle 21 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Matproduksjon, mattrygghet og miljø - innspill om kunnskapsbehov til gjennomføringen av det grønne skiftet - Uttalelse fra hovedkomiteen i Vitenskapskomiteen for mat og miljø (VKM). VKM Report. ISSN 2535-4019. 2022:30(30), s. 1–21. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Li, Miaomiao; Klungland, Arne & Dalhus, Bjørn (2022). Studies on Protein-RNA:DNA Hybrid Interactions by Microscale Thermophoresis (MST). Methods in molecular biology. ISSN 1064-3745. 2528, s. 239–251. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2477-7_15.
• Sengupta, Sagnik; Leinaas, Hans Petter; van Gestel, Cornelis A.M. & Borgå, Katrine (2022). Interaction of neonicotinoid exposure and temperature on the life-history traits of the widely distributed Collembola Folsomia quadrioculata. .
• Edvardsen, Bente & Eikrem, Wenche (2022). Haptophyte taxonomy.
• Edvardsen, Bente; Supraha, Luka; Egge, Elianne Dunthorn & John, Uwe (2022). Harmful haptophyte blooms in Norway - bloom dynamics and ecology, with special focus on the Chrysochromulina leadbeateri blooms.
• Thon, Sarah Kriebel; Christensen, Ane Charlotte; Fjeldstad, Maria P; Schøyen, Vemund Sigmundson; Olsen, Elise Reppe & Lepperød, Mikkel Elle [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Social and spatial codes in hippocampus CA2 and entorhinal cortex.
• Reese, Jan-Ole; Saragliadis, Athanasios; Haugen, Håvard Jostein & Linke, Dirk (2022). Development of multi-species biofilm models for testing biotechnological approaches in dentistry.
• Saragliadis, Athanasios & Linke, Dirk (2022). Structure-function relationship in bacterial adhesins.
• Campana Perilla, Ana Lucia; Joudeh, Nadeem; Merroun, Mohamed; Gomez-Bolivar, Jamie; Røyne, Anja & Linke, Dirk [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Biosynthesis and characterization of Palladium-Based Nanoparticles using Escherichia coli.
• Samara, Athina; Falck, Martin ; Spildrejorde, Mari; Leithaug, Magnus; Acharya, Ganesh & Lyle, Robert [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Robust neuronal differentiation of human embryonic stem cells for neurotoxicology. STAR Protocols. ISSN 2666-1667. 3(3). doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101533. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gadmar, Tone Charlotte & Konestabo, Heidi Sjursen (2022). Science fiction til science fakta - Science fiction som refleksjonsverktøy i undervisning. Vis sammendrag

  Antisipatorisk kompetanse er en av UNESCOS bærekraftskompetanser, som handler om å se for seg mulige alternativer for fremtidig utvikling. Bøker og filmer i sjangeren science fiction gir oss muligheten til å sette vitenskap inn i en slik kontekst. Vi diskuterer eksempler på hvordan science fiction kan brukes til inspirasjon og læring, og gir tips til litteratur som passer til nettopp din undervisning.

• Gadmar, Tone Charlotte & Konestabo, Heidi Sjursen (2022). Gruppearbeid som undervisningsform i informasjonskompetanse og generiske ferdigheter. Vis sammendrag

  Universiteter og høyskoler skal gjennom sine studieprogram forberede sine studenter på arbeidslivets forventninger og behov. Kompetansemålene i et studieløp i høyere utdanning representerer i dag en kompleks matrise uttrykt som en tredeling mellom tilegnelse av kunnskaper, ferdigheter og holdninger [1]. Mye av det vi gjerne betegner som ‘profesjonell kompetanse’ eller ‘generiske ferdigheter’ herunder informasjonskompetanse hviler tungt på alle tre elementer. Elementet ‘holdninger’ er bærende element for å forstå de to andre og oppnå den profesjonelle kompetanse som arbeidslivet forventer av kandidatene når de er uteksaminert. Dette er kompetanse man best kan utvikle i et fagfellesskap – vi må trene studentene på å jobbe sammen og snakke sammen. Gruppeprosjekt der studentene får øve seg i å løse og strukturere en oppgave som et team er derfor en viktig og realistisk erfaring. Gruppearbeid har mange fordeler som læringsplattform. Vi får skapt en arbeidssituasjon som blir mer realistisk for arbeidslivet der man ofte arbeider i team og bærer et felles ansvar for et sluttprodukt. Studentene får øvd på en del ferdigheter som evne til formidling av stoff, faglig diskusjon og tilbakemelding, strukturering av arbeidsprosessen og formulering av felles holdninger faglig og etisk. En del undervisere og studenter er skeptiske til gruppearbeid av frykt for at man skal miste kontrollen og oversikten over hver enkelt students bidrag og måloppnåelse. Man er kanskje bekymret for «gratispassasjerer» og urettferdighet i gruppeevaluering. Et studieløp er langt og gir samlet sett rikelig med anledning til individuelle vurderinger, mens trening i å jobbe i team bør ikke glemmes. Mange av utfordringene man ser for seg ved gruppearbeid kan avhjelpes ved god planlegging og veiledning. I denne presentasjonen gir vi eksempler fra aktuelle kurs hvor vi jobber med informasjonskompetanse og generiske ferdigheter i gruppeprosjekt, og vise hvordan vi veileder underveis.

• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2022). Rostungsbein sem enduðu í Kænugarði fyrir þúsund árum fóru líklega um Ísland. [Internett]. visir.is.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2022). Víkingar seldu grænlenskar rostungstennur til Kænugarðs. [TV]. Stöð 2 fréttir.
• Nipen, Maja; Vogt, Rolf David; Bohlin-Nizzetto, Pernilla; Borgå, Katrine; Mwakalapa, Eliezer & Borgen, Anders [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Increasing Trends of Legacy and Emerging Organic Contaminants in a Dated Sediment Core From East-Africa.
• Fjelde, Markus Osaland (2022). Omringet av sopp. argument. ISSN 1504-6087. 16(2), s. 28–31.
• Yadetie, Fekadu; Brun, Nadja Rebecca; Giebichenstein, Julia; Hylland, Ketil; Borgå, Katrine & Karlsen, Odd André [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Transcriptome responses in copepods Calanus finmarchicus, Calanus glacialis and Calanus hyperboreus exposed to phenanthrene and benzo[a]pyrene. Vis sammendrag

  With the warming Arctic allowing more human activities, the marine arctic ecosystems are increasingly at risk of exposure to pollutants from offshore petroleum-related industries. Thus, it is important to understand how arctic and sub-arctic pelagic organisms respond to crude oil-related contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The copepod species Calanus finmarchicus, Calanus glacialis and Calanus hyperboreus are the most abundant pelagic zooplankton in the northern Barents Sea and represent key links in the arctic marine food web. The three species were sampled during a research cruise on the Norwegian vessel RV Kronprins Haakon in August 2019 and subsequently exposed onboard at 3.5 ˚C (C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis), and 1.5 ˚C (C. hyperboreus) for 72 h to phenanthrene (Phe; 0.1 µM) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP; 0.1 µM), representing low and high molecular weight PAHs, respectively. Global transcriptome (RNA-seq) analysis revealed differential expression of several genes involved in many cellular pathways. In C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis, the PAH exposure resulted in up-regulation of genes encoding enzymes in xenobiotic biotransformation processes, particularly the phase II cytosolic sulfonation system that includes 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthase (PAPSS) and sulfotransferases (SULTs). The sulfonation pathway genes were more strongly induced by BaP than Phe in C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis, but were not affected in C. hyperboreus. However, a larger number of genes and pathways were modulated by the PAHs in C. hyperboreus including genes encoding xenobiotic biotransformation and lipid metabolism enzymes, suggesting stronger responses to crude oil exposure in this high-Arctic species. The results suggest that cytosolic sulfonation is a major phase II conjugation pathway for PAHs in C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis. Further, the overall results from the transcriptome analysis provide insights into mechanisms involved in PAH response and metabolism in the three Calanus species most dominant in the region. Funding: The study was funded by the Research Council of Norway, through the Nansen Legacy Project (276730).

• Lind, Vibeke; Trosvik, Pål; de Muincke, Eric; Skjånes, Kari; Jørgensen, Grete Helen Meisfjord & Borgvang, Stig A. (2022). Microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris) in diet to sheep for DNA profile in rumen microbiomes.
• Bustad, Helene J.; Flydal, Marte Innselset; Knævelsrud, Helene; Langaker, Ann Helen; Boye, Erik & Kristensen, Tom (2022). Slik utvikler vi norske fagtermer i celle-og molekylærbiologi. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 142(2). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.21.0465.
• Oomen, Rebekah Alice; Knutsen, Halvor; Moland, Even; Olsen, Esben Moland; Knutsen, Jan Atle & Bernatchez, Louis [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Nothing so boundless, nothing so patient: Obituary for Professor Jeffrey Alexander Hutchings (1958–2022). Fish and Fisheries. ISSN 1467-2960. 23(3), s. 519–521. doi: 10.1111/faf.12661.
• Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn (2022). Understanding local adaptation in a salmonid fish: the European grayling, Thymallus thymallus. Vis sammendrag

  Post-glacial landscapes have evolved over time following deglaciation. This has particular effects on freshwater systems, due to a diversity of geological and hydrological processes. Freshwater organisms have dispersed into Norway from various glacial refugia, a process that is still in progress. On top of natural processes, human activity has led to major changes in distribution, mainly through translocations and remodeling of waterways. Here, I describe the distribution and biology of European grayling Thymallus thymallus in a large Norwegian river system. The main focus will be on the more recent changes to the waterways, and how it has led to habitat fragmentation, but also opened the opportunity to establish new locally-adapted populations. We have studied newly established populations using a variety of approaches; population and quantitative genetics, transcriptomics, proteomics and hopefully genomics. Overall, results from the various studies show that the populations respond evolutionary to local-scale environmental differences (mainly water temperature during early development). Further, plastic responses seem to be important in the early phase of population diversification. Population genomic studies are now becoming possible following the completion of an annotated genome of high quality. Such resources may help in addressing questions about the genetic architecture of traits important for local adaptation. However, we are not there yet.

• Kausrud, Kyrre; Melteig, Elina; Olsson, Vilde & Galteland, Torborg (2022). Biopodden -Zoonoser . [Internett]. https://www.podbean.com/ew/pb-jddi3-11d3759.
• Kausrud, Kyrre; Olsson, Vilde; Melteig, Elina & Galteland, Torborg (2022). Biopodden -Skog og Klima. [Internett]. https://www.podbean.com/ew/pb-c8rck-12057a0.
• Hatlem, Daniel; Linke, Dirk Bernd Kurt & Andersen, Elisabeth K. (2022). Forskerprosjekt på antibiotika og blodforgiftning. [Internett]. Website Oslo Cancer Cluster.
• Chunlin, Shi & Xuan, Yuan Hu (2021). OsEDR1 has non-canonical scaffold function in regulating MAPK cascade in plant immunity. Molecular Plant. ISSN 1674-2052. 14. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2021.02.001.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2021). Aphyllophorales of Africa 53, Some new combinations in Polyporaceae. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. s. 36–36.
• Decock, C.; Ryvarden, Leif & Wagara, Isabel (2021). Aphyllophorales of Africa 52, Some poroid species from Kakamega Forest National Reserve in Kenya. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 44, s. 32–35.
• Gminder, Andreas & Ryvarden, Leif (2021). Aphyllophorales of Africa 51, Some new species from Ethiopia. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 44, s. 27–31.
• Decock, C. & Ryvarden, Leif (2021). Aphyllophorales of Africa 50, The genus Donkia – a synopsis. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 44, s. 24–26.
• Decock, C. & Ryvarden, Leif (2021). Aphyllophorales of Africa 49, The genus Climacodon – a synopsis. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 44, s. 19–23.
• Decock, C. & Ryvarden, Leif (2021). Aphyllophorales of Africa 48, Some poroid species from São Tomé. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 44, s. 14–18.
• Olou, Boris Armel & Ryvarden, Leif (2021). Aphyllophorales of Africa 47, Some new and interesting polypores from Benin. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 44, s. 9–13.
• Decock, C.; Yombiyeni, P. & Ryvarden, Leif (2021). Aphyllophorales of Africa 46, Some polypores from Mont de Crystal National Park in Gabon. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 44, s. 5–8.
• Sharma, Ankush & Colonna, Giovanni (2021). Correction to: System-Wide Pollution of Biomedical Data: Consequence of the Search for Hub Genes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Without Spatiotemporal Consideration (Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy, (2021), 25, 1, (9-27), 10.1007/s40291-020-00505-3). Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy. ISSN 1177-1062. 25(3). doi: 10.1007/s40291-021-00527-5.
• Jahnsen, Frode Lars & Johansen, Finn-Eirik (2021). Legends of allergology and immunology: Per Brandtzaeg - Pillar of mucosal immunology. Allergy. European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. ISSN 0105-4538. 76(8), s. 2634–2635. doi: 10.1111/all.14824.
• Kline, Simon Hasselø (2021). Den ensomme algen.
• Kline, Simon Hasselø (2021). The lonely Algae.
• Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Falk, Stefanie; Berglen eriksen, Aud; Emberson, Lisa D.; O’Neill, Connie & Stordal, Frode [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Model parameterisation of subarctic vegetation in climate models, an example from an ozone effect study.
• Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Stordal, Frode; Falk, Stefanie; Eriksen, Aud Berglen; Kauserud, Håvard & Berntsen, Terje Koren (2021). Field and lab experiments, plant ecophysiology starting from The double punch.
• Linke, Dirk (2021). #FEMSmicroBlog: The balancing act between basic and applied science.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2021). Ancient DNA analysis of sheep from Norse Greenland.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2021). Uppruni og erfðir íslensku sauðkindarinnar. . [Radio]. RÚV - Rás 1. Vis sammendrag

  Albína Hulda Pálsdóttir er dýrabeinafornleifafræðingur og hefur rannsakað uppruna og erfðir íslensku sauðkindarinnar. Hún fjallar um erfðarannsóknir á gömlum kindabeinum og hvað þær geta sagt okkur.

• Hessen, Dag Olav (2021). Vi trenger en hippokratisk ed for de ufødte. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 141(12), s. 1–5. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.21.0593.
• Hori, Katsutoshi & Linke, Dirk (2021). the exchange program MISC - Options for internships at Nagoya University (with descriptions of current projects by students).
• Hu, Xian; Margadant, Felix Martin & Bakke, Oddmund (2021). International Patent: Microscope apparatus. WO2021160723A1. . Vis sammendrag

  A microscope apparatus (10) comprises: an imaging volume with orthogonal X, Y and Z axes; a camera (211) having a focal plane; a light source (110, 120) for illumination of the imaging volume; and a Z-stage movement system (131, 132) for relative movement of the imaging volume and the focal plane in the Z axis. Images of microscopic biological objects S are obtained using the microscope apparatus (10) via a method comprising: using the camera (211) to obtain an image in a single exposure whilst using the Z-stage movement system (131, 132) for relative movement of the imaging volume and the focal plane; wherein the Z axis movement is a step-wise movement in which there are multiple resting steps providing periods of no relative motion in between multiple periods of relative motion; and wherein during the periods of relative motion the light source is controlled to reduce the illumination of the imaging volume.

• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Kersten, Oliver; Star, Bastiaan; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Kantanen, Juha & Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Genetic history of sheep in the North Atlantic from the Viking Age to modern breeds. Vis sammendrag

  Sheep were vital to subsistence in the newly settled lands of the Norse in the Faroes, Iceland and Greenland during the Viking Age. Sheep are multi-product animals and were reared for wool, milk, meat, skins and horns, and large number of sheep bones have been found in archaeological excavations in the region. Despite their importance, the origins of local sheep breeds and their development since the 9th century are poorly understood. Here we obtained whole genome sequences of 27 ancient sheep from archaeological excavations in Iceland, Greenland, the Faroe Islands, Norway and the UK dating from 800-1700. For comparison we also analysed both newly generated and previously published modern genomes from North Atlantic, European and Asian sheep breeds. We trace the introduction of sheep to the Faroes, Iceland and Greenland in a clear stepping stone pattern, but ancient UK and Norwegian sheep form an overlapping cluster. Moreover, our data shows a large reduction in genomic diversity of sheep in the North Atlantic from the Viking and Medieval period to the modern sheep breeds in the region.

• Lehr, Andrew B. & Stöber, Tristan Manfred (2021). Differential involvement of CA2 in internally vs. externally driven hippocampal sequences. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ISSN 0027-8424. 118(38). doi: 10.1073/pnas.2110671118.
• Gullvåg, Rebekka; Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Bryn, Anders; Brysting, Anne Krag & Vatne, Astrid (2021). Effects of high-latitude light conditions on stomatal conductance and photosynthesis in white clover (Trifolium repens) .
• Falk, Stefanie; Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Eriksen, Aud E Berglen; Emberson, Lisa D.; O'Neill, Connie & Stordal, Frode [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Charakterisierung der subarktischen Ökozone hinsichtlich der Modellierung von Ozonverschmutzung und Klimarisiken. Vis sammendrag

  https://www.dpg-verhandlungen.de/year/2021/conference/smuk/part/up/session/5/contribution/2?lang=en

• Falk, Stefanie; Lombardozzi, Danica; Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Stordal, Frode; Berntsen, Terje Koren & Eriksen, Aud Else Berglen (2021). OzoneLUNA: Ozone damage in CLM revisited.
• Falk, Stefanie; Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Emberson, Lisa D.; O'Neill, Connie; Eriksen, Aud E Berglen & Stordal, Frode [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Characterizing subarctic biomes for land surface modeling of pollution and climate risk. Vis sammendrag

  Here we assess the importance of characterization of key meteorological variables and air pollution profiles on the modeled susceptibility of subarctic vegetation to ozone. Changes in climate (e.g. temperature, water availability) will manifest in both direct and indirect effects influencing the species' sensitivity to air pollution. A likely increase in frequency of persistent heatwaves in the future, will inflict heat related stress while generating favorable conditions for the formation of ambient air ozone, e.g. due to wildfires. We have monitored ambient air ozone concentrations at the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO) Environment Centre Svanhovd in Northern Norway in the vegetation period 2018/19. Due to data acquisition problems, ozone concentrations for two weeks in July 2018 were missing from our record. We present a reconstruction based on probability density function with respect to the Swedish and Finnish atmospheric monitoring sites and compare with available surface ozone products for the region. Over all, ozone concentrations did not differ significantly between the two years. While temperatures and global irradiance diverged substantially from the multi annual mean precipitation varied only to some extend. We investigate the difference in uptake of ozone using the DO3SE model, for typical vegetation at the location. We find that bespoke parameterization for subarctic vegetation is essential for an accurate estimation of Phototoxic Ozone Dose (POD) and an assessment of damage risk. Accurate estimates of the start and length of growing season are also crucial. We find that temperature and its derivative vapor pressure deficit are likely the most important climate variables while the variability of ozone concentration within climatologically reasonable limits plays a minor role. The use of subarctic parameterization suggests an improvement in risk assessment as POD values are increased in 2018; corroborated by evidence of visible injury in the Svanhovd ozone garden.

• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2021). Ancient DNA on Viking sheep from the North Atlantic and Ethical Approaches to Destructive Sampling of Animal Bones.
• Chowdhury, Sounak; Linke, Dirk; Happonen, Lotta Johanna & Malmström, Johan (2021). Streptococcus pyogenes forms M protein specific host-environment dependent protein complexes.
• Thibau, Arno; Linke, Dirk & Kempf, Volkhard A.J. (2021). Analysing the fibronectin binding properties and genomic variation of Bartonella henselae adhesin.
• Leva-Bueno, Juan; Meuskens, Ina; Linke, Dirk; Millner, Paul & Peyman, Sally (2021). Impedimetric biosensor based on extracellular matrix protein-adhesin interaction.
• Meuskens, Ina; Leva-Bueno, Juan; Millner, Paul; Schütz, Monika; Peyman, Sally & Linke, Dirk (2021). The Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesin YadA of Yersinia binds to glycan moieties.
• Bustad, Helene J.; Flydal, Marte Innselset; Knævelsrud, Helene; Boye, Erik & Kristensen, Tom Arne (2021). Et kappløp for norsk fagspråk. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18(26), s. 81–91.
• Knudtzon, Nina Cathrine; Thorstensen, Helene; Ruus, Anders; Helberg, Morten; Bæk, Kine & Enge, Ellen Katrin [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Maternal Transfer and Occurrence of Siloxanes, Chlorinated Paraffins and Legacy POPs in Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) of Different Urban Influence.
• Nordal, Inger (2021). «Arven etter Nansen: Banebrytende forskning nord for iskanten» – spilte også kvinnelige forskere en rolle fra starten av? Internasjonal dag for kvinner og jenter innen forskning.
• Kumar, Suresh; Jain, Ashish; Choi, Seong Won; da Silva, Gustavo Peixoto Duarte; Allers, Lee & Mudd, Michal H. [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Author Correction: Mammalian Atg8 proteins and the autophagy factor IRGM control mTOR and TFEB at a regulatory node critical for responses to pathogens (Nature Cell Biology, (2020), 22, 8, (973-985), 10.1038/s41556-020-0549-1). Nature Cell Biology. ISSN 1465-7392. 22(10). doi: 10.1038/s41556-020-0574-0.
• Boesch, Christophe; Kalan, Ammie K.; Mundry, Roger; Arandjelovic, Mimi; Pika, Simone & Dieguez, Paula [Vis alle 34 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Erratum: Author Correction: Chimpanzee ethnography reveals unexpected cultural diversity (Nature human behaviour (2020) 4 9 (910-916)). Nature Human Behaviour. ISSN 2397-3374. 4(9). doi: 10.1038/s41562-020-0904-z.
• Allesson, Lina; Andersen, Tom; Dörsch, Peter; Eiler, Alexander; Wei, Jing & Hessen, Dag Olav (2020). Corrigendum: Phosphorus Availability Promotes Bacterial DOC-Mineralization, but Not Cumulative CO2-Production (Front.Microbiol, (2020), 11, (569879), 10.3389/fmicb.2020.569879). Frontiers in Microbiology. ISSN 1664-302X. 11. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.614974.
• Meuskens, Ina; Michalik, Marcin; Chauhan, Nandini; Linke, Dirk & Leo, Jack Christopher (2020). Corrigendum: A New Strain Collection for Improved Expression of Outer Membrane Proteins (Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, (2017), 7, (464), 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00464). Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. ISSN 2235-2988. 10. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00220.
• Budy, Phaedra; Sanz Ball-llosera, Nuria; Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn & Javier Lobón-Cerviá, Javier (2020). Opening Remarks: Proceedings of the 5th advances in the population dynamics of stream salmonids. Ecology of Freshwater Fish. ISSN 0906-6691. 29(3). doi: 10.1111/eff.12555.
• Lopes dos Santos, Adriana; Pollina, Thibaut; Gourvil, Priscillia; Corre, Erwan; Marie, Dominique & Garrido, José Luis [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Author Correction: Chloropicophyceae, a new class of picophytoplanktonic prasinophytes (Scientific Reports, (2017), 7, 1, (14019), 10.1038/s41598-017-12412-5). Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 10(1). doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-63703-3.
• Eltahir, Yasmin; Al-Araimi, Amna; Nair, Remya R.; Autio, Kaija J.; Tu, Hongmin & Leo, Jack Christopher [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Erratum: Binding of Brucella protein, Bp26, to select extracellular matrix molecules (BMC Mol and Cell Biol. (2019) 20 (55) DOI: 10.1186/s12860-019-0239-7). BMC Molecular and Cell Biology. ISSN 2661-8850. 21(1). doi: 10.1186/s12860-020-00263-4.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2020). “Kønsforskel: Vikinger foretrak han-heste i graven [Sexing: Vikings preferred male horses for burial]”. [Internett]. Videnskab.dk.
• Jones, Elizabeth Marie; Reigstad, Marit; Espinel, Nadjejda; Gjerland, Audun; Goraguer, Lucie Hélène Marie & Hodal, helene [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). JC2-1 Joint cruise part 1 2021 : Cruise Report. Septentrio Academic Publishing. ISSN 2703-7525. Vis sammendrag

  The Nansen Legacy Joint Cruise 2, part 1 (JC2-1) 12-29 July 2021, continued the investigation of the interannual variability during the late summer season. At the same time will the cruise provide a late summer reference for the seasonal investigation that was separated to late summer and polar night 2019, and winter and spring 2021. The transect represents an environmental gradient going through the northern Barents Sea, and included 7 process stations (P1-P7) lasting 10-39 hrs. Additional CTD stations (NLEG) were taken between the process stations to increase the hydrographic resolution on the transect. The work started at 76°N at the open Atlantic Water dominated station P1, was sea ice covered from station P4 at 79 45.00 °N and included deep water stations at the P7 station at 82°N in the Nansen Basin. The program included measurements and sampling from the atmosphere, sea ice, ocean and sea floor. Data collected includes several disciplines to map the physical environment, the chemical characterization and biological communities. Key parameters from the Nansen Legacy joint cruises were selected and included in this reduced sampling program, compared to the other joint cruises. An important aim was to characterize the northern Barents Sea to map the interannual variability, but also to see how the proceeding winter and spring conditions has impacted the environment and conditions this year. A third task is to carry out a shelf investigation that can complement the investigations in the deep Arctic Basin starting in late August. Tests and improvements of a modified pelagic trawl (Harstad) were carried out as preparations for the Arctic Basin cruise in late August 2021.

• Renner, Angelika H.H.; Gradinger, Rolf; Altenburger, Andreas; Amdahl, Pernille; Barstein, Karoline & Duarte, Pedro [Vis alle 31 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). JC3 Winter gaps cruise: Cruise Report . Septentrio Academic Publishing. ISSN 2703-7525. Vis sammendrag

  The Nansen Legacy (NL) JC3 cruise (19.02.-11.03.2022) aimed to fill regional, temporal and scientific gaps following the earlier NL cruises, in particular during the winter-to-spring transition and in the northern part of the NL transect to the Nansen Basin. Joint physical, chemical, and biological sampling and experiments for new technology addressed aims of RF1, RF2, RF3 and RA-C.

• Meuskens, Ina; Linke, Dirk & Bardiaux, Benjamin (2022). Insights into the Binding Mechanism and Function of Bacterial Adhesins - Interactions between YadA and Host Extracellular Matrix Components. Universitetet i Oslo.
• Nipen, Maja; Breivik, Knut; Vogt, Rolf David; Borgå, Katrine & Schlabach, Martin (2022). Spatial and temporal trends of anthropogenic pollutants in a tropical, urban environment in east Africa. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo. ISSN 1501-7710. 2022(2520). Vis sammendrag

  A range of chemicals which are potentially harmful to human health and the environment are used in industrial and consumer products including electronics. Source regions for such pollutants to the environment may be shifting from the Global North to the Global South given e.g., trade in products and waste and lacking capacity for environmentally sound waste handling. However, there are large knowledge gaps concerning the occurrence and fate of these chemicals in the Global South. In this work, occurrence, distribution, sources, and time trends of both legacy and emerging chemical pollutants were investigated in and around Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. This was done by analysis of samples from air and soil, and a dated sediment core. The results from the dated sediment core showed increasing levels of legacy chemical pollutants in the late 2010s. This suggests that international regulation has not yet been effective in lowering environmental burdens of these pollutants in Dar es Salaam. Levels of some emerging chemical pollutants were documented to increase dramatically in the late 2010s. Spatial trends of these emerging chemical pollutants in air and soil in the studied region suggests handling of both general waste and electronic waste are important sources.

• Rusch, Johannes; Vrålstad, Trude; Strand, David; Andersen, Tom & Hansen, Haakon (2021). Environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring of two different freshwater host-pathogen complexes in the interface between nature and aquaculture. Universitetsforlaget. ISSN 1501-7710. 7710(2436).
• Kline, Simon Hasselø (2021). A tale of six diatoms: an insight into the taxonomy of Arctic diatoms from different sea-ice communities and their physiological response to climate change. Universitetet i Oslo.
• Rueness, Jan & Nøkling-Eide, Katharina (2021). Bestemmelsesnøkler til norske marine makroalger 3. Grønnalger. Norsk Botanisk Forening.
• Rueness, Jan & Nøkling-Eide, Katharina (2021). Bestemmelsesnøkler til norske marine makroalger 2. Brunalger. Norsk Botanisk Forening.
• Rueness, Jan & Nøkling-Eide, Katharina (2021). Bestemmelsesnøkler til norske marine makroalger 1. Rødalger. Norsk Botanisk Forening.

Sjå alle arbeida i Cristin