Julia Giebichenstein

• Borgå, Katrine; McKinney, Melissa A.; Routti, Heli Anna Irmeli; Fernie, Kim J.; Giebichenstein, Julia & Hallanger, Ingeborg G. [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). The influence of global climate change on accumulation and toxicity of persistent organic pollutants and chemicals of emerging concern in Arctic food webs. Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts. ISSN 2050-7887. 24(10), s. 1544–1576. doi: 10.1039/d1em00469g. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  This review summarizes current understanding of how climate change-driven physical and ecological processes influence the levels of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and contaminants of emerging Arctic concern (CEACs) in Arctic biota and food webs. The review also highlights how climate change may interact with other stressors to impact contaminant toxicity, and the utility of modeling and newer research tools in closing knowledge gaps on climate change-contaminant interactions. Permafrost thaw is influencing the concentrations of POPs in freshwater ecosystems. Physical climate parameters, including climate oscillation indices, precipitation, water salinity, sea ice age, and sea ice quality show statistical associations with POPs concentrations in multiple Arctic biota. Northward range-shifting species can act as biovectors for POPs and CEACs into Arctic marine food webs. Shifts in trophic position can alter POPs concentrations in populations of Arctic species. Reductions in body condition are associated with increases in levels of POPs in some biota. Although collectively understudied, multiple stressors, including contaminants and climate change, may act to cumulatively impact some populations of Arctic biota. Models are useful for predicting the net result of various contrasting climate-driven processes on POP and CEAC exposures; however, for some parameters, especially food web changes, insufficient data exists with which to populate such models. In addition to the impact of global regulations on POP levels in Arctic biota, this review demonstrates that there are various direct and indirect mechanisms by which climate change can influence contaminant exposure, accumulation, and effects; therefore, it is important to attribute POP variations to the actual contributing factors to inform future regulations and policies. To do so, a broad range of habitats, species, and processes must be considered for a thorough understanding and interpretation of the consequences to the distribution, accumulation, and effects of environmental contaminants. Given the complex interactions between climate change, contaminants, and ecosystems, it is important to plan for long-term, integrated pan-Arctic monitoring of key biota and ecosystems, and to collect ancillary data, including information on climate-related parameters, local meteorology, ecology, and physiology, and when possible, behavior, when carrying out research on POPs and CEACs in biota and food webs of the Arctic.

• Yadetie, Fekadu; Brun, Nadja Rebecca; Giebichenstein, Julia; Dmoch, Katarzyna; Hylland, Ketil & Borgå, Katrine [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Transcriptome responses in copepods Calanus finmarchicus, Calanus glacialis and Calanus hyperboreus exposed to phenanthrene and benzo[a]pyrene. Marine Genomics. ISSN 1874-7787. 65, s. 1–13. doi: 10.1016/j.margen.2022.100981. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gopakumar, Anjali; Giebichenstein, Julia; Raskhozheva, Evgeniia & Borgå, Katrine (2021). Mercury in Barents Sea fish in the Arctic polar night: Species and spatial comparison. Marine Pollution Bulletin. ISSN 0025-326X. 169, s. 1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112501. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bender, Morgan Lizabeth; Giebichenstein, Julia; Teisrud, Ragnar; Laurent, Jennifer Malica; Frantzen, Marianne & Meador, James P. [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Combined effects of crude oil exposure and warming on eggs and larvae of an arctic forage fish. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 11. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-87932-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Climate change, along with environmental pollution, can act synergistically on an organism to amplify adverse effects of exposure. The Arctic is undergoing profound climatic change and an increase in human activity, resulting in a heightened risk of accidental oil spills. Embryos and larvae of polar cod (Boreogadus saida), a key Arctic forage fish species, were exposed to low levels of crude oil concurrently with a 2.3 °C increase in water temperature. Here we show synergistic adverse effects of increased temperature and crude oil exposure on early life stages documented by an increased prevalence of malformations and mortality in exposed larvae. The combined effects of these stressors were most prevalent in the first feeding larval stages despite embryonic exposure, highlighting potential long-term consequences of exposure for survival, growth, and reproduction. Our findings suggest that a warmer Arctic with greater human activity will adversely impact early life stages of this circumpolar forage fish.

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• Giebichenstein, Julia; Warner, Nicholas Alexander; Routti, Heli Anna Irmeli; Harju, Mikael; Varpe, Øystein & Andersen, Tom [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Emerging contaminant accumulation in an Arctic marine food web.
• Giebichenstein, Julia; Harju, Mikael; Varpe, Øystein; Gabrielsen, Geir Wing; Andersen, Tom & Borgå, Katrine (2023). Across the Seasons: Persistent Organic Pollutants in an Arctic Pelagic Food Web.
• Ziegler, Amanda; Jørgensen, Lis Lindal; Bluhm, Bodil Annikki Ulla Barbro; Giebichenstein, Julia; Borgå, Katrine & Ricardo de Freitas, Thaise (2023). The effect of ice-free summer conditions on benthic food web structure in the Barents Sea. Vis sammendrag

  Reduced Arctic sea-ice cover has been shown to alter phytoplankton community composition and reduce the magnitude of vertical flux, thereby reducing the strength of pelagic-benthic coupling. It is predicted that Arctic shelf ecosystems, like the Barents Sea, will transition into sub-polar-like ecosystems under future climatic conditions. However, few studies have provided a benthic perspective to the question of how ice-free conditions in the Arctic will affect food web structure. In this study, we aim to test whether ice-free summer conditions in the Barents Sea and adjacent Nansen Basin alter benthic food web structure and the strength of pelagic benthic coupling. To do so, we used bulk stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen measured in food sources and benthic consumers, demersal fish, and zooplankton collected during summers with contrasting sea-ice conditions: August 2018 – low sea-ice extent and August 2019 – high sea-ice extent. We compared benthic food web structure across three oceanographically distinct regions from the sea-ice free central Barents Sea shelf and the seasonally ice-free northern Barents Sea shelf to the slope extending into the Nansen Basin. The results of this work will not only improve our understanding of the impact that Arctic sea-ice loss has on benthic communities but provide additional insight to the resiliency of Arctic benthic food webs.

• Borgå, Katrine; McKinney, Melissa A.; Giebichenstein, Julia; Dinh, van Khuong; Bårnås Gravelle, Amalie Marie & Heuschele, Jan David [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). The influence of climate change on accumulation and toxicity of pollutants in Arctic marine food webs.
• Giebichenstein, Julia; Warner, Nicholas Alexander; Varpe, Øystein; Gabrielsen, Geir W.; Andersen, Tom & Borgå, Katrine (2022). Chlorinated paraffins in Polar cod and capelin from the Barents Sea during the Arctic spring bloom.
• Borgå, Katrine; McKinney, Melissa A.; Routti, Heli Anna Irmeli; Fernie, Kim J.; Giebichenstein, Julia & Hallanger, Ingeborg G. [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). The influence of global climate change on accumulation and toxicity of persistent organic pollutants and chemicals of emerging concern in Arctic food webs.
• Borgå, Katrine; McKinney, Melissa A.; Routti, Heli Anna Irmeli; Fernie, Kim J.; Giebichenstein, Julia & Hallanger, Ingeborg G. [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). The influence of global climate change on accumulation and toxicity of persistent organic pollutants and chemicals of emerging concern in Arctic food webs.
• Giebichenstein, Julia; Warner, Nicholas Alexander; Varpe, Øystein; Andersen, Tom; Gabrielsen, Geir W. & Borgå, Katrine (2022). Chlorinated paraffins in polar cod and capelin from the Barents Sea.
• Yadetie, Fekadu; Brun, Nadja Rebecca; Giebichenstein, Julia; Hylland, Ketil; Borgå, Katrine & Karlsen, Odd André [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Transcriptome responses in copepods Calanus finmarchicus, Calanus glacialis and Calanus hyperboreus exposed to phenanthrene and benzo[a]pyrene. Vis sammendrag

  With the warming Arctic allowing more human activities, the marine arctic ecosystems are increasingly at risk of exposure to pollutants from offshore petroleum-related industries. Thus, it is important to understand how arctic and sub-arctic pelagic organisms respond to crude oil-related contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The copepod species Calanus finmarchicus, Calanus glacialis and Calanus hyperboreus are the most abundant pelagic zooplankton in the northern Barents Sea and represent key links in the arctic marine food web. The three species were sampled during a research cruise on the Norwegian vessel RV Kronprins Haakon in August 2019 and subsequently exposed onboard at 3.5 ˚C (C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis), and 1.5 ˚C (C. hyperboreus) for 72 h to phenanthrene (Phe; 0.1 µM) and benzo[a]pyrene (BaP; 0.1 µM), representing low and high molecular weight PAHs, respectively. Global transcriptome (RNA-seq) analysis revealed differential expression of several genes involved in many cellular pathways. In C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis, the PAH exposure resulted in up-regulation of genes encoding enzymes in xenobiotic biotransformation processes, particularly the phase II cytosolic sulfonation system that includes 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthase (PAPSS) and sulfotransferases (SULTs). The sulfonation pathway genes were more strongly induced by BaP than Phe in C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis, but were not affected in C. hyperboreus. However, a larger number of genes and pathways were modulated by the PAHs in C. hyperboreus including genes encoding xenobiotic biotransformation and lipid metabolism enzymes, suggesting stronger responses to crude oil exposure in this high-Arctic species. The results suggest that cytosolic sulfonation is a major phase II conjugation pathway for PAHs in C. finmarchicus and C. glacialis. Further, the overall results from the transcriptome analysis provide insights into mechanisms involved in PAH response and metabolism in the three Calanus species most dominant in the region. Funding: The study was funded by the Research Council of Norway, through the Nansen Legacy Project (276730).

• Giebichenstein, Julia (2021). The Arctic's invisible pollution.
• Giebichenstein, Julia (2021). An Arctic expedition.
• Giebichenstein, Julia (2021). How do Arctic animals stay warm? .
• Giebichenstein, Julia (2021). What does an Arctic scientist do?
• Giebichenstein, Julia (2021). Expedition in die Arktis .
• Giebichenstein, Julia (2020). Skype a scientist - Arctic Biology .
• Giebichenstein, Julia; Gopakumar, Anjali; Varpe, Øystein; Andersen, Tom; Gabrielsen, Geir W. & Borgå, Katrine (2020). Seasonal Variation of Mercury in an Arctic Marine Food Web .
• Reigstad, Marit; Gabrielsen, Tove M.; Amargant-Arumi, Marti; Amundsen, Rita; Bluhm, Bodil & Bodur, Yasemin V. [Vis alle 37 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Seasonal Cruise Q3: Cruise Report . Septentrio Academic Publishing. ISSN 2703-7525. Vis sammendrag

  The Nansen Legacy Q3 cruise, 5-27 August 2019, initiated the seasonal investigations of the Nansen Legacy transect. The transect represent an environmental gradient going through the northern Barents Sea, and included 7 process stations (P1-P7) lasting 6-53 hrs. CTD stations were taken to increase the hydrographic resolution on the transect. The program included measurements and sampling from the atmosphere, sea ice, ocean and sea floor. Data collected ranged from physical observations, chemical, biological and geological data collection, and the aim was to link observations and measurements to improve our understanding of the systems involving both climate, human impacts and the ecosystems. Deployment of moorings and gliders extended the observational capacity in time and space, outside the cruise period.

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