Karl Inne Ugland

• Mehlhorn, Alexander T; Ugland, Karl Inne; Horterer, Hubert; Gottschalk, Oliver; Sudkamp, Norbert & Walther, Markus (2019). A high-profile thread with grit-blasted and acid-etched surface reduces loosening of medial column fusion bolt in instable Charcot foot. Foot and Ankle Surgery.  ISSN 1268-7731.  s 1- 7 . doi: 10.1016/j.fas.2019.08.004
• Bevilacqua, Stanislao; Ugland, Karl Inne; Plicanti, Adriana; Scuderi, Danilo & Terlizzi, Antonio (2018). An approach based on the total-species accumulation curve and higher taxon richness to estimate realistic upper limits in regional species richness. Ecology and Evolution.  ISSN 2045-7758.  8(1), s 405- 415 . doi: 10.1002/ece3.3570 Full text in Research Archive.
• Kunin, William E.; Harte, John; He, Fangliang; Hui, Cang; Jobe, R. Todd; Ostling, Annette; Polce, Chiara; Sizling, Arnost; Smith, Adam B.; Smith, Krister; Smart, Simon M; Storch, David; Tjørve, Even; Ugland, Karl Inne; Ulrich, Werner & Varma, Varun (2018). Upscaling biodiversity: estimating the species-area relationship from small samples. Ecological Monographs.  ISSN 0012-9615.  88(2), s 170- 187 . doi: 10.1002/ecm.1284 Full text in Research Archive.
• Matthews, Thomas J.; Borregaard, Michael Krabbe; Gillespie, Colin S.; Rigal, François; Ugland, Karl Inne; Krüger, Rodrigo Ferreira; Marques, Roberta; Sadler, Jon P.; Borges, Paulo A.V.; Kubota, Yasuhiro & Whittaker, Robert J. (2018). Extension of the gambin model to multimodal species abundance distributions. Methods in Ecology and Evolution.  ISSN 2041-210X.  s 1- 6 . doi: 10.1111/2041-210X.13122
• Mutinova, Petra Thea; Kulichova, Jana & Ugland, Karl Inne (2017). Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Diatom (Bacillariophyceae) Communities in a Peatland Area. Cryptogamie. Algologie.  ISSN 0181-1568.  38(3), s 253- 266 . doi: 10.7872/crya/v38.iss3.2017.253
• Kaartvedt, Stein; Ugland, Karl Inne; Klevjer, Thor A.; Røstad, Anders; Titelman, Josefin & Solberg, Ingrid (2015). Social behaviour in mesopelagic jellyfish. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  5, s 1- 8 . doi: 10.1038/srep11310 Full text in Research Archive.
• Matthews, T.j.; Borregaard, Michael Krabbe; Ugland, Karl Inne; Borges, Paulo A V; Rigal, François; Cardoso, Pedro & Whittaker, Robert J. (2014). The gambin model provides a superior fit to species abundance distributions with a single free parameter: evidence, implementation and interpretation. Ecography.  ISSN 0906-7590.  37(10), s 1002- 1011 . doi: 10.1111/ecog.00861
• Terlizzi, Antonio; Anderson, Marti J.; Bevilacqua, Stanislao & Ugland, Karl Inne (2014). Species-accumulation curves and taxonomic surrogates: An integrated approach for estimation of regional species richness. Diversity and Distributions: A journal of biological invasions and biodiversity.  ISSN 1366-9516.  20(3), s 356- 368 . doi: 10.1111/ddi.12168
• Ugland, Karl Inne; Aksnes, Dag Lorents; Klevjer, Thor A.; Titelman, Josefin & Kaartvedt, Stein (2014). Lévy night flights by the jellyfish Periphylla periphylla. Marine Ecology Progress Series.  ISSN 0171-8630.  513, s 121- 130 . doi: 10.3354/meps10942
• Blaalid, Rakel; Carlsen, Tor; Kumar, Surendra; Halvorsen, Rune; Ugland, Karl Inne; Fontana, Giovanni & Kauserud, Håvard (2012). Changes in the root-associated fungal communities along a primary succession gradient analysed by 454 pyrosequencing. Molecular Ecology.  ISSN 0962-1083.  21(8), s 1897- 1908 . doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05214.x
• Orfanidis, Sotiris; Panayotidis, Panayotis & Ugland, Karl Inne (2011). Ecological Evaluation Index continuous formula (EEI-c) application: a step forward for functional groups, the formula and reference condition values. Mediterranean Marine Science.  ISSN 1108-393X.  12(1), s 199- 231
• Reichert, K; Ugland, Karl Inne; Bartsch, I; Hortal, Joaquín; Bremner, Julie & Kraberg, A (2010). Species richness estimation: Estimator performance and the influence of rare species. Limnology and Oceanography : Methods.  ISSN 1541-5856.  8, s 294- 303 . doi: 10.4319/lom.2010.8.294
• Bjorbækmo, Marit Markussen; Carlsen, Tor; Brysting, Anne Krag; Vrålstad, Trude; Høiland, Klaus; Ugland, Karl Inne; Geml, Jozsef; Schumacher, Trond & Kauserud, Håvard (2010). High diversity of root associated fungi in both alpine and arctic Dryas octopetala. BMC Plant Biology.  ISSN 1471-2229.  10 . doi: 10.1186/1471-2229-10-244
• Ulrich, Werner; Ollik, Marcin & Ugland, Karl Inne (2010). A meta-analysis of species-abundance distributions. Oikos.  ISSN 0030-1299.  119(7), s 1149- 1155 . doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2009.18236.x
• Borges, Paulo A V & Ugland, Karl Inne (2009). Insect rarity in an oceanic island, In Simone Fattorini (ed.),  Insect Ecology and Conservation.  Research Signpost.  ISBN 978-81-308-0297-8.  Chap 3.  s 47 - 69
• Fontana, Giovanni; Ugland, Karl Inne; Gray, John Stuart; Willis, Trevor J & Abbiati, Marco (2008). Influence of rare species on beta diversity estimates in marine benthic assemblages. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology.  ISSN 0022-0981.  366(1-2), s 104- 108 . doi: 10.1016/j.jembe.2008.07.014
• Ugland, Karl Inne; Bjørgesæter, Anders; Bakke, T; Fredheim, B & Gray, John Stuart (2008). Assessment of environmental stress with a biological index based on opportunistic species. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology.  ISSN 0022-0981.  366(1-2), s 169- 174 . doi: 10.1016/j.jembe.2008.07.021
• Mcgill, Brian; Etienne, Rampal S.; Gray, John Stuart; Alonso, David; Anderson, Marti J.; Benecha, Habtamu K:; Dornelas, Maria; Enquist, Brian J.; Green, Jessica L.; He, Fangliang; Hurlbert, AH; Magurran, Anne E.; Marquet, PA; Maurer, Brian A.; Ostling, A; Soykan, CU; Ugland, Karl Inne & White, EP (2007). Species abundance distributions: moving beyond single prediction theories to integration within an ecological framework. Ecology Letters.  ISSN 1461-023X.  10, s 995- 1015 . doi: 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01094.x
• Ugland, Karl Inne; Lambshead, P. John D.; Mcgill, Brian; Gray, John Stuart; O'Dea, Niall; Ladle, Richard J. & Whittaker, Robert J. (2007). Modelling dimensionality in species abundance distributions: description and evaluation of the Gambin model. Evolutionary Ecology Research.  ISSN 1522-0613.  9, s 313- 324
• Gray, John Stuart; Bjørgesæter, Anders & Ugland, Karl Inne (2006). On plotting species abundance distributions. Journal of Animal Ecology.  ISSN 0021-8790.  75, s 752- 756
• Gray, John Stuart; Bjørgesæter, Anders; Ugland, Karl Inne & Frank, K (2006). Are there differences in structure between marine and terrestrial assemblages?. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology.  ISSN 0022-0981.  330, s 19- 26
• O'Dea, Niall; Whittaker, Robert J. & Ugland, Karl Inne (2006). Using spatial heterogeneity to extrapolate species richness: a new method tested on Ecuadorian cloud forest birds. Journal of Applied Ecology.  ISSN 0021-8901.  43, s 189- 198
• Thrush, S; Gray, John Stuart; Hewitt, Judi E. & Ugland, Karl Inne (2006). Predicting the effects of habitat homogenization on marine biodiversity. Ecological Applications.  ISSN 1051-0761.  16, s 1636- 1642
• Gray, John Stuart; Ugland, Karl Inne & Bjørgesæter, Anders (2005). The impact of rare species on natural assemblages. Journal of Animal Ecology.  ISSN 0021-8790.  74, s 1131- 1139
• Haugland, C; Ugland, Karl Inne; Borseth, JF & Aas, E (2005). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in capelin (Mallotus villosus) in the Barents Sea by use of fixed wavelength fluorescence measurements of bile samples. Marine Pollution Bulletin.  ISSN 0025-326X.  50, s 102- 104
• Ugland, Karl Inne; Gray, John Stuart & Lambshead, John (2005). Species accumulation curves analysed by a class of null models discovered by Arrhenius. Oikos.  ISSN 0030-1299.  108, s 263- 274
• Ugland, Karl Inne & Gray, John Stuart (2004). Estimation of species richness: analysis of the methods developed by Chao and Karakassis. Marine Ecology Progress Series.  ISSN 0171-8630.  284, s 1- 8
• Ugland, Karl; Strømnes, Einar; Berland, Bjørn & Aspholm, Paul Erik (2004). Growth, fecundity and sex ratio of adult Anisakis simplex (Nematoda, Ascaridoidea, Anisakidae) in three whale species from the North-East Atlantic. Parasitology Research.  ISSN 0932-0113.  92, s 484- 489 . doi: 10.1007/s00436-003-1065-5 Show summary

  The growth rate, longevity, sex ratio and fertility of Anisakis simplex in minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata), porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) and long-finned pilot whale (Globicephala melas) was studied on basis of material from the North-Atlantic. A total of 8135 mature A. simplex were collected from 24 minke whales, 11 porpoises and 8 pilot whales. For both males and females the prevalence was 100% for all three species of whale, with a mean intensity of 1727, 262 and 139 respectively. The mean body length of adult females was 126 mm in minke whales, 71 mm in the porpoises and 73 mm in pilot whales; and for males the averages were respectively 106 mm, 57 mm and 68 mm. Eggs from the uteri of 32 females of length 87 - 176 mm collected in minke whale stomachs, were counted in a Fuchs-Rosenthal chamber. Total egg production was measured in 14 females cultivated at sea. The female growth period was estimated to be 30-60 days, and apparently all eggs were shed during the last week of life. A female of size 150 mm produces approximately 1.5 million eggs. In the cultivation experiment about 85 % of the total egg production was shed during the first three days after spawning started.

• Bjørgesæter, Anders; Ugland, Karl Inne & Bjørge, Arne (2004). Geographic variation and acoustic structure of the underwater vocalization of harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) in Norway, Sweden and Scotland. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.  ISSN 0001-4966.  116(4), s 2459- 2468
• Feet, Per øystein; Ugland, Karl & Moksness, Erlend (2003). Accuracy of age estimates in spring spawning herring reared under different prey densities. Fisheries Research.  ISSN 0165-7836.  56, s 59- 67
• Ugland, Karl; Gray, John Stuart & Ellingsen, Kari (2003). The species-accumulation curve and estimation of species richness. Journal of Animal Ecology.  ISSN 0021-8790.  72, s 888- 897
• Ruus, Anders; Sandvik, Morten; Ugland, Karl & Skaare, Janneche Utne (2002). Factors influencing activities of biotransformation enzymes, concnetrations and compositional patterns of organochlorines in members of a marine food web. Aquatic Toxicology.  ISSN 0166-445X.  61(12), s 73- 87 Show summary

  The accumulation of PCB, DDT, chlordanes, hexachlorocyclohexanes, hexachlorobenzene and mirex was studied in a marine food chain consisting of bullrout, cod, herring gull and harbor seals. Furthermore hepatic biotransformation enzyme activities (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), penoxyresorufin-O-depentylase (PROD) and glutathion S-transferase (GST)) were measured in all species. High correlations between EROD and PROD activities were found in all species, suggesting a single common catalyst CYP1A. GST activities were dependent on biological factors: age in harbor seals and sex in bullrouts.

• Ruus, Anders; Ugland, Karl & Skaare, Janneche Utne (2002). Influence of trophic position on organochlorine concentrations and compositional patterns in a marine food web. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry.  ISSN 0730-7268.  21(11), s 2356- 2364 Show summary

  The accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDTs, chlordanes, hexachlorocyclohexanes, hexachlorobenzene and mirex was investigated in a marine food web from south eastern Norway. The food web consisted of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor, lesser sandeel (Ammodytes tobianus), three species of gobies (Gobiusculus, Pomatoschistus, Gobius), bullrout (Myoxocephalus scorpius), cod (Gadus morhua), herring gull (Larus argentatus) and harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). The results show that interspecies differences in organochlorine (OC) compositional patterns in the food web depend on several factors specific to both the chemicals and the organisms.

• Jones, Thomas & Ugland, Karl (2001). Reproduction of female spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias, in the Oslofjord. Fishery Bulletin.  ISSN 0090-0656.  99, s 685- 690 Show summary

  The spiny dogfish in the Oslofjord has been more than halved since the 1970s. The sharks were sampled monthly off Hvaler Islands throughout 1987 and 1997 in gill nets and by long line at depth ranging from 50 to 460 meters. The same fisherman, fishing grounds and fishing gear were used in both sampling years. Growth was linear between the ages of 11 and 38 years, with an annual increment of 0.7 cm per year. On average,the fish in 1987 were 2 cm longer than fish in 1997 at the same age (P < 0.02). However, fish between 80 and 110 cm were about 500g heavier in 1997 (P < 0.01). Age at 50% maturity was 17 years in both 1987 and and 1997. The number of free-living embryos varied between 2 and 15. On average, the females in 1987 carried 1.2 more free-living embryos. The duration of pregnancy varied between 18 and 24 months. Thus it seems that the variation in Oslofjord is larger than observed in other areas, i.e. 22 - 24 months.

• Lunneryd, Sven-Gunnar; Ugland, Karl & Aspholm, Paul Erik (2001). Sealworm (Pseudoterranova decipiens) infection in the benthic cottid (Taurulus bubalis) in relation to population increase of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in Skagerrak. NAMMCO scientific publications.  ISSN 1560-2206.  3, s 47- 56 Show summary

  Ulke er hyppig tungt infisert med nematoden P.decipiens og danner en viktig mellomvei for infeksjon i torsk. Allikevel steg ikke infeksjongraden i ulke da selbestanden i Koster tredoblet seg etter selpesten. Dette skyldes sannsynligvis en kombinasjon av to faktorer: (1) mye torsk blir spist av steinkobbene, og (2) gruntvannsområdene er så små i geografisk utstrekning at få sel kan dekke over mesteparten av området de jevnlig patruljerer. Konsekvensen er at det ikke nytter å desimere en selbestand for å få bukt med kveisproblemet.

• Berg, Vidar; Ugland, Karl; Grønningen, Dag & Skaare, Janneche Utne (2000). Mercury, cadmium, lead and selenium in fish from a Norwegian fjord and off the coast; the importance of sampling locality. Journal of Environmental Monitoring.  ISSN 1464-0325.  2000(2), s 375- 377 Show summary

  Konsentrasjonen av kvikksølv, kadmium og bly i leveren ble målt i brosme fra en dyp fjord i Vestlandet (Nordfjord) og ute i fritt havområde. Konsentrasjonene var signifikant høyere i fjordfisken selv om der ikke finnes noen lokal kontamineringskilde i Nordfjord. Dette indikerer at fjorder akkumulerer atmosfæriske kontaminanter på en effektiv måte, og det er således viktig å velge innsamlingsområde på en representativ måte når man skal undersøke spredningen av tungmetaller langt fra punktkilden.

• Ruus, Anders; Ugland, Karl; Espeland, Oscar & Skaare, Janneche Utne (1999). Organochlorine contaminants in a local marine food chain from Jarfjord, Northern Norway. Marine Environmental Research.  ISSN 0141-1136.  48(2), s 131- 146 Show summary

  Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs; 17 congeners), Sigma DDT (p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE and o,p'-DDD), chlordanes (oxychlordane and trans-nonachlor), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs; alpha-, beta- and gamma-isomers) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) have been determined in a local marine food chain including the lesser sandeel (Ammodytes marinus), cod (Gadus morhua), harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) and grey seal (Halichoerus grypus), caught in Jarfjord, Northern Norway. The concentrations of the pollutants generally increased with trophic level. The highest biomagnification factor (36.9) was found for Sigma DDT from sandeel to harbour seal. The compositional patterns of accumulated organochlorines also differed between the species. The proportions of highly chlorinated biphenyls, p,p'-DDE and oxychlordane increased with higher trophic level, while the proportions of mono-ortho substituted and meta-para unsubstituted PCB congeners, together with DDD decreased from fish to seal. The data suggest that the bioaccumulation mechanisms at lower trophic levels (fish) depend primarily on physicochemical factors, such as the water solubility and lipophilicity of the pollutants. At higher trophic levels (seals), the bioaccumulation mechanisms are primarily affected by biochemical factors, such as the metabolic capacity of the organisms. Prey preference may also influence the patterns of accumulated pollutants in the different species. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

• Aspholm, Paul; Ugland, Karl Inne; Jødestøl, KA & Berland, Bjørn (1995). Sealworm (Pseudoterranova decipiens) infections in common seals (Phoca vitulina) and potential intermediate fish hosts from the outer Oslofjord. International Journal of Parasitology.  ISSN 0020-7519.  25(3), s 367- 373
• Haug, Tore; Krøyer, Ari; Nilssen, Kjell Tormod; Ugland, Karl Inne & Aspholm, Paul Eric (1991). Harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) invasions in Norwegian coastal waters: age composition and feeding habits.. ICES Journal of Marine Science.  ISSN 1054-3139.  48, s 363- 371

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• Brönner, Ute; Nordtug, Trond; Jonsson, Henrik & Ugland, Karl Inne (2018). Impact and restitution model - Water column. ERA Acute for water column exposed organisms. Full text in Research Archive. Show summary

  Exposure to oil components in the water column in ERA Acute can be modelled using either of two alternative options in the oil spill model OSCAR. While the option based on the Critical Body Residue (CBR) takes changing oil properties/toxicities and exposure time into account and therefore represents a scientifically more valid approach, an alternative and more conservative option based on the modelled maximum total hydrocarbon (THC) concentrations over the whole water column is also described. A global fish restitution model has been developed based on historical recruitment data, and demonstrating strong links between the climatic regime and natural fluctuations of fish stocks. Restitution modelling shows that as long as impact is assessed on the reproductive unit (spawning stock), even a major oil spill will not have a measurable effect on fish stocks. Higher risk may apply if fish larvae are considered representing a valuable resource in itself, e.g. as a planktonic food source of predating organisms, but this is not within the scope of this project.

• Sørensen, Elin Tanding; Ugland, Karl Inne & Nystuen, Johan Petter (2018). Utbygging i det blå. Biolog.  ISSN 0801-0722.  (2), s 23- 32
• Dornelas, Maria; Soykan, CU & Ugland, Karl Inne (2011). Biodiversity and disturbance, In Anne E. Magurran & Brian Mcgill (ed.),  Biological Diversity: Frontiers in Measurement and Assessment.  Oxford University Press.  ISBN 978-0-19-958067-5.  17.  s 237 - 250
• Ugland, Karl Inne (2009). A genetic model for eternal life as an evolutionary strategy, In Eric Flint (ed.),  The Best of Bean's Universe.  BAEN.  ISBN 1-4165-2136--4.  Chap 28.  s 497 - 508
• Malmstrøm, Martin; Strømnes, Einar; Hansen, Rune Roland & Ugland, Karl Inne (2007). The nematode Cucullanus heterochrous; a possible indicator species for marine xenobiotics.
• Gray, John Stuart; Ugland, Karl & Lambshead, J (2004). On species accumulation and species-area curves. Global Ecology and Biogeography.  ISSN 1466-822X.  13, s 567- 568
• Gray, John Stuart; Ugland, Karl & Lambshead, J (2004). Species accumulation and species area curves - a comment on Scheiner (2003). Global Ecology and Biogeography.  ISSN 1466-822X.  13(5), s 473- 476
• Ruus, Anders; Ingebrigtsen, Kristian; Ugland, Karl; Sandvik, Morten & Skaare, Janneche Utne (2000). Disposition of, and biomarker responses to organochlorine contaminants within a marine food web. Show summary

  Comprising more than 70 % of the earth's surface, the world oceans are an enormous recipient of environmental contaminants, such as organochlorines (OCs). Persistence and high lipid solubility render OCs subject to bioaccumulation and biomagnification. The highest concentrations of these compounds are, therefore, found in top predators such as sea birds and marine mammals. In the present study, we investigate the bioaccumulation of selected OC compounds (PCBs DDTs, chlordanes, HCHs, and HCB) in a marine food web consisting of harbour seal (Phoca vitulina), herring gull (Larus argentatus), cod (Gadus morhua), bull rout (Myoxocephalus scorpius), sandeel (Ammodytes tobianus), various gobys (Gobiidae), and the polycheat Nereis diversicolor. The trophic positions of the organisms are determined by the use of stable N- and C-isotopes. Activities of selected hepatic xenobiotic metabolising enzymes (CYP1A CYP2B, GST and UDP-GT) are also measured. The fate of isotope-labeled lindane and PCB, orally administered to cod and bull rout, is investigated by the use of whole body autoradiography.

• Ruus, Anders; Sandvik, Morten; Ugland, Karl & Skaare, Janneche Utne (2000). Disposition of, and biomarker responses to organochlorine contaminants within a marine food web.
• Ruus, Anders; Ugland, Karl; Skaare, Janneche Utne & Espeland, Oscar (1997). Organochlorine contaminants in a local marine food chain.

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