Anna Virginia Black Mazzarella

• Taugbøl, Annette; Mazzarella, Anna; Cramer, Emily Rebecca A & Laskemoen, Terje (2017). Salinity-induced phenotypic plasticity in threespine stickleback sperm activation. Biology Letters.  ISSN 1744-9561.  13(10), s 1- 4 . doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2017.0516 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Phenotypic expression may be and often is influenced by an organism’s developmental environment, referred to as phenotypic plasticity. The sperm cells of teleosts have been found to be inactive in the seminal plasma and are activated by osmotic shock for most fish species, through release in either hypertonic (for marine fish) or hypotonic (for freshwater fish) water. If this is the case, the regulatory system of sperm mobility should be reversed in salt- and freshwater fish. We tested this hypothesis by first activating sperm of salt- and freshwater populations of threespine stickleback in salt- and freshwater. The sperm from saltwater stickleback could be activated in either salinity, which matches the freshwater colonization history of the species, whereas the sperm from the freshwater population acted as predicted by the osmotic shock theory and was activated in freshwater only. As the freshwater population used here was calculated to be thousands of years old, we went on to test whether the trait(s) were plastic and sperm from freshwater males still could be activated in saltwater after individualswere exposed to saltwater. After raising freshwater stickleback in saltwater, we found the mature males to have active sperm in both saltwater and freshwater. Further, we also found the sperm of wild-caught freshwater stickleback to be active in saltwater after exposing those mature males to saltwater for only 2 days. This illustrates that the ability for stickleback sperm to be activated in a range of water qualities is an environmentally induced plastic trait. adaptive evolution, plasticity, salinity, sperm activation, Gasterosteus aculeatus

• Hansson, Truls Hveem; Fischer, Barbara; Mazzarella, Anna; Voje, Kjetil L. & Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn (2016). Lateral plate number in low-plated threespine stickleback: a study of plasticity and heritability. Ecology and Evolution.  ISSN 2045-7758.  6(10), s 3154- 3160 . doi: 10.1002/ece3.2020 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Mazzarella, Anna; Boessenkool, Sanne; Østbye, Kjartan; Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn & Trucchi, Emiliano (2016). Genomic signatures of the plateless phenotype in the threespine stickleback. Ecology and Evolution.  ISSN 2045-7758.  6(10), s 3161- 3173 . doi: 10.1002/ece3.2072 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Trucchi, Emiliano; Mazzarella, Anna; Gilfillan, Gregor Duncan; Lorenzo, Maria Teresa; Schonswetter, Peter & Paun, Ovidiu (2016). BsRADseq: Screening DNA methylation in natural populations of non-model species. Molecular Ecology.  ISSN 0962-1083.  25(8), s 1697- 1713 . doi: 10.1111/mec.13550
• Mazzarella, Anna Virginia Black; Voje, Kjetil L.; Hansson, Truls Hveem; Taugbøl, Annette & Fischer, Barbara (2015). Strong and parallel salinity-induced phenotypic plasticity in one generation of threespine stickleback. Journal of Evolutionary Biology.  ISSN 1010-061X.  28(3), s 667- 677 . doi: 10.1111/jeb.12597 Vis sammendrag

  Phenotypic plasticity is a major factor contributing to variation of organisms in nature, yet its evolutionary significance is insufficiently understood. One example system where plasticity might have played an important role in an adaptive radiation is the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus), a fish that has diversified after invading freshwater lakes repeatedly from the marine habitat. The parallel phenotypic changes that occurred in this radiation were extremely rapid. This study evaluates phenotypic plasticity in stickleback body shape in response to salinity in fish stemming from a wild freshwater population. Using a split-clutch design, we detected surprisingly large phenotypically plastic changes in body shape after one generation. Fish raised in salt water developed shallower bodies and longer jaws, and these changes were consistent and parallel across families. Although this work highlights the effect of phenotypic plasticity, we also find indications that constraints may play a role in biasing the direction of possible phenotypic change. The slopes of the allometric relationship of individual linear traits did not change across treatments, indicating that plastic change does not affect the covariation of traits with overall size. We conclude that stickleback have a large capacity for plastic phenotypic change in response to salinity and that plasticity and evolutionary constraints have likely contributed to the phenotypic diversification of these fish.

• Voje, Kjetil Lysne; Mazzarella, Anna Virginia Black; Hansen, Thomas F; Østbye, Kjartan; Klepaker, Tom Olav; Bass, Arthur; Herland, Anders; Bærum, Kim Magnus; Gregersen, Finn & Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn (2013). Adaptation and constraint in a stickleback radiation. Journal of Evolutionary Biology.  ISSN 1010-061X.  26(11), s 2396- 2414 . doi: 10.1111/jeb.12240

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• Eikeset, Anne Maria; Mazzarella, Anna; Davidsdottir, Brynhildur; Klinger, Dane H.; Levin, Simon A.; Rovenskaya, Elena & Stenseth, Nils Christian (2017). What is blue growth? The semantics of “Sustainable Development” of marine environments. Marine Policy.  ISSN 0308-597X.  87, s 177- 179 . doi: 10.1016/j.marpol.2017.10.019 Vis sammendrag

  This Special Issue is intended to help readers gain a better understanding of the various definitions of blue growth, as well as to give a heightened awareness of the constraints of, and possibilities within, the important concept. Increased communication among those working together on these topics is of utmost importance, especially considering the diversity of the backgrounds of those who have a role to play in blue growth and sustainable development. Scientists, policy makers, business people, and the larger society need to become more precise and transparent in their language and meanings in order to effectively work together, and hopefully one day succeed in our joint goal to secure blue growth.

• Mazzarella, Anna; Boessenkool, Sanne; Østbye, Kjartan; Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn & Trucchi, Emiliano (2015). Genomic signatures of the plateless phenotype in the Threespine Stickleback..
• Mazzarella, Anna; Voje, Kjetil L.; Hansson, Truls Hveem; Taugbøl, Annette & Fischer, Barbara (2015). Strong and parallel salinity-induced phenotypic plasticity in a single generation of threespine stickleback.
• Hansson, Truls Hveem; Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn & Mazzarella, Anna (2014). Salinity-induced phenotypic plasticity in lateral bony plate number of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus).
• Hansson, Truls Hveem; Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn; Mazzarella, Anna Virginia Black; Taugbøl, Annette; Voje, Kjetil L. & Fischer, Barbara (2014). Phenotypic Plasticity in threespined stickleback (G. aculeatus).
• Mazzarella, Anna Virginia Black; Voje, Kjetil L.; Hansson, Truls Hveem; Taugbøl, Annette & Fischer, Barbara (2014). Strong and parallel salinity-induced phenotypic plasticity in a single generation of threespine stickleback.
• Mazzarella, Anna Virginia Black; Østbye, Kjartan & Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn (2013). Looking for genomic signatures of platelessness in the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus).
• Mazzarella, Anna Virginia Black; Østbye, Kjartan & Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn (2013). Looking for genomic signatures of platelessness in the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus).
• Mazzarella, Anna Virginia Black (2012). Allometric constraints influence the evolution of freshwater sticklebacks: A comparative study of a stickleback radiation.
• Taugbøl, Annette; Mazzarella, Anna Virginia Black & Laskemoen, Terje (2012). Sperm motility in marine and freshwater sticklebacks; breeding environment as a prezygotic barrier?.
• Taugbøl, Annette; Mazzarella, Anna Virginia Black & Laskemoen, Terje (2012). Sperm motility in marine and freshwater sticklebacks; breeding environment as a prezygotic barrier?.

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