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Kosio Beshkov

Postdoctoral Fellow - Condensed Matter Physics
Room Ø473
Username
Visiting address Sem Sælands vei 24
Postal address Postboks 1048 Blindern 0316 Oslo

Research Interests

Theory of Deep Neural Networks

Despite their astonishing performance, deep neural networks have proven to be  incredibly difficult to understand. I am interested in finding intuitive descriptions that manage to explain their inner workings, especially in the overparametrized regime. My current approach to this problem involves establishing connections between network representations and topological spaces. This is done by leveraging tools from polyhedral geometry, quotient spaces and homology. However, I strive to expand my toolbox and am also interested in questions about inductive biases, expressivity, mechanistic interpretability and kernel limits.

 

Topological Data Analysis of Neural Representations

The notion of a neural manifold is a fundamental component for our understanding of how the brain represents and transforms information. Such manifolds can be highly non-linear and of very high dimension, this often means that simply applying dimensionality reduction to visualize them can often lead us astray. My goal is to overcome these limitations by developing tools from Topological Data Analysis (TDA)  specifically intended for the high-dimensional, non-linear and low sampling setting that neural data exists in.

 

De novo Protein Design with Machine Learning

Machine learning for the generation of de novo protein design is a rapidly evolving field. In my current work I apply and develop machine learning algorithms for de novo protein design. This work combines evolutionary algorithms, statistical modeling and neural networks to create and simplify existing proteins with the goal of improving gene therapy.

I am also interested in using tools from geometry, shape analysis and topological data analysis to understand how the space of protein representations in protein language models relates to the space of amino acid sequences and the actual structure of proteins.

 

Publications

  • Beshkov, Kosio & Malthe-Sørenssen, Anders (2025). [2509.24895] Towards Understanding the Shape of Representations in Protein Language Models. arXiv. Full text in Research Archive
  • Beshkov, Kosio (2025). [2502.01360] A Quotient Homology Theory of Representation in Neural Networks. arXiv. Full text in Research Archive
  • Beshkov, Kosio; Verhellen, Jonas & Lepperød, Mikkel Elle (2025). Isometric representations in neural networks improve robustness. Scientific Reports. 15. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-20619-0. Full text in Research Archive
  • Schøyen, Vemund Sigmundson; Beshkov, Kosio; Pettersen, Markus Borud; Hermansen, Erik; Holzhausen, Konstantin & Malthe-Sørenssen, Anders [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2025). Hexagons all the way down: grid cells as a conformal isometric map of space. PLoS Computational Biology. ISSN 1553-734X. 21(2). doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012804. Full text in Research Archive
  • Beshkov, Kosio & Einevoll, Gaute (2024). [2404.19710] A rank decomposition for the topological classification of neural representations. arXiv. Full text in Research Archive
  • Verhellen, Jonas; Beshkov, Kosio; Amundsen, Sebastian; Ness, Torbjørn V & Einevoll, Gaute (2024). Multitask learning of a biophysically-detailed neuron model. PLoS Computational Biology. ISSN 1553-734X. 20(7). doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011728. Full text in Research Archive
  • Beshkov, Kosio; Fyhn, Marianne; Hafting, Torkel & Einevoll, Gaute (2024). Topological structure of population activity in mouse visual cortex encodes densely sampled stimulus rotations. iScience. 27(4). doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109370. Full text in Research Archive
  • Beshkov, Kosio; Fyhn, Marianne; Hafting, Torkel & Einevoll, Gaute Tomas (2023). Topological Structure of Population Activity in Mouse Visual Cortex Encodes Densely Sampled Visual Scene Rotations. Social Science Research Network (SSRN). doi: 10.2139/ssrn.4495668. Full text in Research Archive
  • Verhellen, Jonas; Beshkov, Kosio; Amundsen, Sebastian; Ness, Torbjørn Vefferstad & Einevoll, Gaute Tomas (2023). Multitask Learning of Biophysically-Detailed Neuron Models. BioRxiv. ISSN 0362-4331. doi: 10.1101/2023.12.05.570220. Full text in Research Archive
  • Beshkov, Kosio; Verhellen, Jonas & Lepperød, Mikkel Elle (2022). Isometric Representations in Neural Networks Improve Robustness. arXiv.org. ISSN 2331-8422. doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2211.01236. Full text in Research Archive
  • Beshkov, Kosio & Tiesinga, Paul (2021). Geodesic-based distance reveals nonlinear topological features in neural activity from mouse visual cortex. Biological cybernetics. ISSN 0340-1200. 116, p. 53–68. doi: 10.1007/s00422-021-00906-5. Full text in Research Archive

View all works in NVA

  • Beshkov, Kosio & Einevoll, Gaute Tomas (2024). Towards a Topological Classification of Representations in Neural Networks. Full text in Research Archive
  • Beshkov, Kosio; Fyhn, Marianne; Hafting, Torkel & Einevoll, Gaute Tomas (2023). Topological Structure of Population Activity in Mouse Visual Cortex Encodes Densely Sampled Visual Scene Rotations. Full text in Research Archive
  • Beshkov, Kosio; Fyhn, Marianne; Hafting, Torkel & Einevoll, Gaute Tomas (2023). Topological Structure of Population Activity in Mouse Visual Cortex Encodes Densely Sampled Visual Scene Rotations. Full text in Research Archive
  • Beshkov, Kosio; Verhellen, Jonas & Lepperød, Mikkel Elle (2022). Manifold Propagation through Recurrent Neural Networks. Full text in Research Archive
  • Vang, Georg; Einevoll, Gaute Tomas; Stasik, Alexander Johannes & Beshkov, Kosio (2024). Exploration of reservoir computing and artificial neural network architectures as saliency detectors. Norges miljø- og biovitenskapelige universitet (NMBU). Full text in Research Archive
  • Beshkov, Kosio (2024). Neural Representations and the Topology of Cognition. Universitetet i Oslo. Full text in Research Archive

View all works in NVA

Published July 2, 2025 11:20 AM - Last modified Sep. 2, 2025 3:40 PM