Wojciech J. Miloch

• Sinevich, A.A.; Chernyshov, A.A.; Chugunin, D.V.; Oinats, A.V.; Clausen, Lasse & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2022). Small-Scale Irregularities Within Polarization Jet/SAID During Geomagnetic Activity. Geophysical Research Letters. ISSN 0094-8276. 49(8). doi: 10.1029/2021GL097107.
• Kotova, Daria; Jin, Yaqi & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2022). Interhemispheric variability of the electron density and derived parameters by the Swarm satellites during different solar activity. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate. ISSN 2115-7251. 12, p. 1–21. doi: 10.1051/swsc/2022007.
• Kjølerbakken, Kai Morgan; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Martinsen, Ørjan Grøttem; Pabst, Oliver & Røed, Ketil (2022). Numerical Study of Non-Linear Effects for a Swept Bias Langmuir Probe. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science. ISSN 0093-3813. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2022.3164220. Show summary

  We present a numerical study disclosing non-linear effects and hysteresis loops for a swept bias Langmuir probe. A full kinetic particle in cell (PIC) model has been used to study the temporal sheath effects and the probe current. Langmuir "close to steady state" condition is required to characterize the plasma. However, during operations above frequencies normally used, capacitive and non-linear resistive effects are being unveiled. We demonstrate how ion and electron density and temperature change properties of the probe-plasma system. We also show that a swept Langmuir probe exhibits essential properties described as the "fingerprint of memristors" and how a Langmuir probe can be identified as a transversal memristor. Understanding non-linear processes might enable new ways to operate Langmuir probes with higher sampling rates and better accuracy.

• Belakhovsky, V.B.; Jin, Yaqi & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2022). Dayside Scintillations of GPS Signals According to the Observations on the Svalbard Archipelago. Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics. ISSN 1062-8738. 86(3), p. 348–353. doi: 10.3103/S1062873822030066.
• Brask, Steffen Mattias; Marholm, Sigvald; Di Mare, Francesca; Adhikari, Sayan; Spicher, Andres & Takahashi, T. [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2022). Electron-neutral collisions effects on Langmuir probe in the lower E-region ionosphere. Physics of Plasmas. ISSN 1070-664X. 29(3), p. 1–11. doi: 10.1063/5.0079761.
• Sado, Pascal; Clausen, Lasse; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Nickisch, Hannes (2021). Transfer Learning Aurora Image Classification and Magnetic Disturbance Evaluation. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics. ISSN 2169-9380. doi: 10.1029/2021JA029683. Full text in Research Archive
• Jao, Chun-Sung; Marholm, Sigvald; Spicher, Andres & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2021). Wake formation behind Langmuir probes in ionospheric plasmas. Advances in Space Research. ISSN 0273-1177. 69(2), p. 856–868. doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2021.11.012. Full text in Research Archive
• Monte-Moreno, Enric; Hernández-Pajares, Manuel; Yang, Heng; Alberto Garcia, Rigo; Jin, Yaqi & Høeg, Per [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2021). Method for Forecasting Ionospheric Electron Content Fluctuations Based on the Optical Flow Algorithm. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. ISSN 0196-2892. doi: 10.1109/TGRS.2021.3126888.
• Sinevich, A.A.; Chernyshov, A.A.; Chugunin, D.V.; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Mogilevsky, M.M. (2021). Spatial Structure of Polarization Jet according to NorSat-1 and Swarm Satellite Data. Cosmic research. ISSN 0010-9525. 59(6), p. 463–471. doi: 10.1134/S0010952521060095.
• Sinevich, A. A.; Chernyshov, A.A.; Chugunin, Dmitry V.; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Mogilevsky, Mikhail M. (2021). Studying the small-scale structure of a polarization jet during the April 20, 2018 geomagnetic storm. Solar-Terrestrial Physics. ISSN 2500-0535. 7(1), p. 21–33. doi: 10.12737/szf-71202103. Full text in Research Archive
• Palmroth, Minna; Grandin, Maxime; Sarris, Theodoros E.; Doornbos, Eelco; Tourgaidis, Stylianos & Aikio, Anita [Show all 35 contributors for this article] (2021). Lower-thermosphere–ionosphere (LTI) quantities: current status of measuring techniques and models. Annales Geophysicae. ISSN 0992-7689. 39, p. 189–237. doi: 10.5194/angeo-39-189-2021. Full text in Research Archive
• Belakhovsky, Vladimir Borisovich; Jin, Yaqi & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2021). Influence of different types of ionospheric disturbances on GPS signals at polar latitudes. Annales Geophysicae. ISSN 0992-7689. 39, p. 687–700. doi: 10.5194/angeo-39-687-2021. Full text in Research Archive
• Jin, Yaqi; Clausen, Lasse; Spicher, Andres; Ivarsen, Magnus Fagernes; Zhang, Yongliang & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2021). Statistical Distribution of Decameter Scale (50 m) Ionospheric Irregularities at High Latitudes. Geophysical Research Letters. ISSN 0094-8276. 48(19). doi: 10.1029/2021GL094794. Full text in Research Archive
• Ivarsen, Magnus Fagernes; Jin, Yaqi; Spicher, Andres; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Clausen, Lasse (2021). The Lifetimes of Plasma Structures at High Latitudes. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics. ISSN 2169-9380. 126. doi: 10.1029/2020JA028117. Full text in Research Archive
• Skjæveland, Arnlaug; Kotova, Daria S. & Miloch, Wojciech J. (2021). Case Studies of Ionospheric Plasma Irregularities Over Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics. ISSN 2169-9380. 126(10). doi: 10.1029/2021JA029963. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  We use the first data set from the ground-based TEC and scintillation receiver located at the Norwegian Research Station Troll in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica to analyze in detail the ionospheric response during geomagnetic disturbances on February 26-27 and March 18-19, 2018. By combining the Troll data with complementary measurements (scintillation receivers, magnetometers, SuperDARN, DMSP satellites), we demonstrate that plasma irregularities above this part of Queen Maud Land can be associated with the expansion of the auroral oval, related structuring on its edges, as well as with strong flow shears in the evening and at nighttime, which are further modulated by the energetic particle precipitation. Phase scintillation indices correlate well with the magnetometer data.

• Ivarsen, Magnus Fagernes; St-Maurice, Jean-Pierre; Jin, Yaqi; Park, Jaeheung; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Spicher, Andres [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2021). Steepening Plasma Density Spectra in the Ionosphere: The Crucial Role Played by a Strong E-Region. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics. ISSN 2169-9380. 126(8). doi: 10.1029/2021JA029401. Full text in Research Archive
• Di Mare, Francesca; Spicher, Andres; Clausen, Lasse; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Moen, Jøran Idar (2021). Turbulence and Intermittency in the Winter Cusp Ionosphere Studied With the ICI Sounding Rockets. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics. ISSN 2169-9380. 126(8). doi: 10.1029/2021JA029150. Full text in Research Archive
• Kjølerbakken, Kai Morgan; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Røed, Ketil (2021). The influence of probe spacing and probe bias in a double Langmuir probe setup. AIP Advances. ISSN 2158-3226. 11. doi: 10.1063/5.0058540. Full text in Research Archive
• Zakharov, V.I.; Chernyshov, A.A.; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Jin, Yaqi (2020). Influence of the Ionosphere on the Parameters of the GPS Navigation Signals during a Geomagnetic Substorm. Geomagnetism and Aeronomy. ISSN 0016-7932. 60(6), p. 754–767. doi: 10.1134/S0016793220060158.
• Belakhovsky, V.B.; Jin, Yaqi & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2020). Influence of Different Ionospheric Disturbances on the GPS Scintillations at High Latitudes. Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. ISSN 2524-3438. p. 281–287. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-21788-4_24.
• Belakhovsky, V.B.; Jin, Yaqi & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2020). Influence of the substorm precipitation and polar cap patches on GPS signals at high latitudes. Sovremennye Problemy Distantsionnogo Zondirovaniya Zemli iz Kosmosa. ISSN 2070-7401. 17(6), p. 139–144. doi: 10.21046/2070-7401-2020-17-6-139-144.
• Miyake, Yohei; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Høymork, Solveig Helene & Pécseli, Hans L (2020). Electron Wing-Like Structures Formed at a Negatively Charged Spacecraft Moving in a Magnetized Plasma. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics. ISSN 2169-9380. 125. doi: 10.1029/2019JA027379. Full text in Research Archive
• Chernyshov, Alexander A.; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Jin, Yaqi & Zakharov, Viktor I. (2020). Relationship between TEC jumps and auroral substorm in the high-latitude ionosphere. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 10. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-63422-9. Full text in Research Archive
• Follestad, Anna Kristine Fæhn; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; van den IJssel, J. & Haagmans, Roger (2020). Two-Dimensional Reconstruction of Ionospheric Plasma Density Variations Using Swarm. Space Weather. ISSN 1542-7390. 18. doi: 10.1029/2019SW002406. Full text in Research Archive
• Jin, Yaqi; Xiong, Chao; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock; Spicher, Andres; Kotova, Daria & Brask, Steffen [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2020). Ionospheric Plasma Irregularities Based on In Situ Measurements From the Swarm Satellites. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics. ISSN 2169-9380. 125(7). doi: 10.1029/2020JA028103. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In this study, we present global climatological distributions of ionospheric plasma irregularities based on measurements by the Swarm satellites. These first global statistics obtained by direct, in situ measurements of plasma variations with Swarm confirm the presence of three main regions of strong ionospheric irregularities: the magnetic equator extending from postsunset to early morning, in the auroral ovals (from dayside cusp to nightside), and inside the polar caps. At equatorial latitudes, ionospheric irregularities form two bands of enhanced plasma fluctuations centered around ±10° magnetic latitude. Due to different plasma processes, ionospheric irregularities at high and low latitudes show different distributions. Though the averaged intensity of plasma irregularities is weaker at equatorial latitudes than at high latitudes, the occurrence rate of significant plasma fluctuations (corresponding to extreme events) is much higher at the equator than that at high latitudes. Equatorial irregularities display clear seasonal and longitudinal variations; that is, they are most prominent over South America during the December solstice and are located over Africa during the June solstice. The magnitude of ionospheric irregularities at all latitudes is strongly controlled by the solar activity. Ionospheric irregularities become significantly weaker after 2016 during the current declining phase of solar activity. The interplanetary magnetic field Bz modulates the occurrence of ionospheric irregularities at both high and low latitudes.

• Chernyshov, Alexander A.; Chugunin, Dmitry V.; Frolov, Vladimor L.; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Mogilevsky, Mikhail M. (2020). In situ observations of ionospheric heating effects: First results from a joint SURA and NorSat-1 experiment. Geophysical Research Letters. ISSN 0094-8276. 47:e2020GL088462(13), p. 1–9. doi: 10.1029/2020GL088462. Full text in Research Archive
• Marholm, Sigvald; Darian, Diako; Mortensen, Mikael; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Marchand, Richard (2020). A Novel Method for Circuits of Perfect Electric Conductors in Unstructured Particle-in-Cell Plasma–Object Interaction Simulations. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science. ISSN 0093-3813. 48(8), p. 2856–2872. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2020.3010561. Full text in Research Archive
• Usui, Hideyuki; Miyake, Yohei; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Ito, Keisuke (2019). Numerical Study of Plasma Depletion Region in a Satellite Wake. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science. ISSN 0093-3813. 47(8), p. 3717–3723. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2019.2918789.
• Jin, Yaqi; Moen, Jøran Idar; Spicher, Andres; Oksavik, Kjellmar; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2019). Simultaneous rocket and scintillation observations of plasma irregularities associated with a reversed flow event in the cusp ionosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics. ISSN 2169-9380. 124(8), p. 7098–7111. doi: 10.1029/2019JA026942. Full text in Research Archive
• Darian, Diako; Marholm, Sigvald; Mortensen, Mikael & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2019). Theory and simulations of spherical and cylindrical Langmuir probes in non-Maxwellian plasmas. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. ISSN 0741-3335. 61(8). doi: 10.1088/1361-6587/ab27ff. Full text in Research Archive
• Marholm, Sigvald; Marchand, Richard; Darian, Diako; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Mortensen, Mikael (2019). Impact of Miniaturized Fixed-Bias Multineedle Langmuir Probes on CubeSats. IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science. ISSN 0093-3813. 47(8), p. 3658–3666. doi: 10.1109/TPS.2019.2915810. Full text in Research Archive
• Paulsson, Joakim John Paul; Miyake, Y.; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Usui, H. (2019). Effects of booms of sounding rockets in flowing plasmas. Physics of Plasmas. ISSN 1070-664X. 26(3). doi: 10.1063/1.5051414. Full text in Research Archive
• Jin, Yaqi; Spicher, Andres; Xiong, Chao; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock; Kervalishvili, Guram & Stolle, Claudia [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2019). Ionospheric Plasma Irregularities Characterized by the Swarm Satellites: Statistics at High Latitudes. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics. ISSN 2169-9380. 124(2), p. 1262–1282. doi: 10.1029/2018JA026063. Full text in Research Archive
• Darian, Diako; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Mortensen, Mikael; Miyake, Yohei & Usui, Hideyuki (2019). Numerical simulations of a dust grain in a flowing magnetized plasma. Physics of Plasmas. ISSN 1070-664X. 26(043701), p. 1–14. doi: 10.1063/1.5089631. Full text in Research Archive
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Jin, Yaqi; Xiong, Chao; Kervalishvili, Guram; Spicher, Andres & Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2018). Ionospheric plasma irregularities studied with Swarm satellites. E3S Web of Conferences. ISSN 2267-1242. 62, p. 1–6. doi: 10.1051/e3sconf/20186201009. Full text in Research Archive
• Paulsson, Joakim John Paul; Spicher, Andres; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock; Moen, Jøran Idar & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2018). Wake Potential and Wake Effects on the Ionospheric Plasma Density Measurements With Sounding Rockets. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics. ISSN 2169-9380. 123(11), p. 9711–9725. doi: 10.1029/2017JA025004. Full text in Research Archive
• Jin, Yaqi; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Moen, Jøran Idar & Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock (2018). Solar cycle and seasonal variations of the GPS phase scintillation at high latitudes. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate. ISSN 2115-7251. 8. doi: 10.1051/swsc/2018034. Full text in Research Archive
• Piel, A.; Greiner, F.; Jung, H & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2018). Molecular dynamics simulations of wake structures behind a microparticle in a magnetized ion flow. I. Collisionless limit with cold ion beam. Physics of Plasmas. ISSN 1070-664X. 25(8), p. 1–10. doi: 10.1063/1.5039587. Full text in Research Archive
• Himpel, Michael; Schutt, Stefan; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Melzer, Andre (2018). Layered structures in extended dust clouds under microgravity. Physics of Plasmas. ISSN 1070-664X. 25(8), p. 1–7. doi: 10.1063/1.5046049. Full text in Research Archive
• Jung, Hendrik; Greiner, Franko; Piel, Alexander K. & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2018). Experiments on wake structures behind a microparticle in a magnetized plasma flow. Physics of Plasmas. ISSN 1070-664X. 25(7), p. 1–10. doi: 10.1063/1.5040838. Full text in Research Archive
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Jung, Hendrik; Darian, Diako; Greiner, Franko; Mortensen, Mikael & Piel, A. (2018). Dynamic ion shadows behind finite-sized objects in collisionless magnetized plasma flows. New Journal of Physics. ISSN 1367-2630. 20(7), p. 1–6. doi: 10.1088/1367-2630/aad066. Full text in Research Archive
• Chernyshov, Aleksander A.; Spicher, Andres; Ilyasov, Askar A.; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock & Saito, Yoshifumi [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2018). Studies of small-scale plasma inhomogeneities in the cusp ionosphere using sounding rocket data. Physics of Plasmas. ISSN 1070-664X. 25(4). doi: 10.1063/1.5026281. Full text in Research Archive
• Hoang, Huy Minh; Røed, Ketil; Bekkeng, Tore Andre; Moen, Jøran Idar; Spicher, Andres & Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2018). A study of data analysis techniques for the multi-needle Langmuir probe. Measurement Science and Technology. ISSN 0957-0233. 29(6). doi: 10.1088/1361-6501/aab948.
• Madsen, Birgitte; Simon Wedlund, Cyril; Eriksson, A.; Goetz, C.; Karlsson, T. & Gunell, H. [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2018). Extremely Low-Frequency Waves Inside the Diamagnetic Cavity of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Geophysical Research Letters. ISSN 0094-8276. 45(9), p. 3854–3864. doi: 10.1029/2017GL076415. Full text in Research Archive
• Johansson, Fredrik; Odelstad, E; Paulsson, Joakim John Paul; Harang, Sigve Smedsrud; Eriksson, AI & Mannel, Thurid [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2017). Rosetta photoelectron emission and solar ultraviolet flux at comet 67P. Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. ISSN 0035-8711. 469, p. S626–S635. doi: 10.1093/mnras/stx2369.
• Simon Wedlund, Cyril; Alho, M.; Gronoff, G.; Kallio, E.; Gunell, H. & Nilsson, H. [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2017). Hybrid modelling of cometary plasma environments: I. Impact of photoionisation, charge exchange, and electron ionisation on bow shock and cometopause at 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Astronomy and Astrophysics (A & A). ISSN 0004-6361. 604. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201730514.
• Eriksson, AI; Engelhardt, IAD; Andre, M; Boström, R; Edberg, NJT & Johansson, F. L. [Show all 23 contributors for this article] (2017). Cold and warm electrons at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Astronomy and Astrophysics (A & A). ISSN 0004-6361. 605. doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/201630159.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Darian, Diako & Mortensen, Mikael (2017). Wake potential of a dust particle in magnetised plasmas. Physica Scripta. ISSN 0031-8949. 92(11). doi: 10.1088/1402-4896/aa90a5. Full text in Research Archive
• Spicher, Andres; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Lofstad, Victoria; Jin, Yaqi & Moen, Jøran Idar (2017). Interhemispheric study of polar cap patch occurrence based on Swarm in situ data. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Space Physics. ISSN 2169-9380. doi: 10.1002/2016JA023750. Full text in Research Archive
• Darian, Diako; Marholm, Sigvald; Paulsson, Joakim John Paul; Miyake, Y.; Usui, H. & Mortensen, Mikael [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2017). Numerical simulations of a sounding rocket in ionospheric plasma: Effects of magnetic field on the wake formation and rocket potential. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Biogeosciences. ISSN 2169-8953. 122(9), p. 9603–9621. doi: 10.1002/2017JA024284. Full text in Research Archive
• Jin, Yaqi; Moen, Jøran Idar; Oksavik, Kjellmar; Spicher, Andres; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2017). GPS scintillations associated with cusp dynamics and polar cap patches. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate. ISSN 2115-7251. 7. doi: 10.1051/swsc/2017022. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  This paper investigates the relative scintillation level associated with cusp dynamics (including precipitation, flow shears, etc.) with and without the formation of polar cap patches around the cusp inflow region by the EISCAT Svalbard radar (ESR) and two GPS scintillation receivers. A series of polar cap patches were observed by the ESR between 8:40 and 10:20 UT on December 3, 2011. The polar cap patches combined with the auroral dynamics were associated with a significantly higher GPS phase scintillation level (up to 0.6 rad) than those observed for the other two alternatives, i.e., cusp dynamics without polar cap patches, and polar cap patches without cusp aurora. The cusp auroral dynamics without plasma patches were indeed related to GPS phase scintillations at a moderate level (up to 0.3 rad). The polar cap patches away from the active cusp were associated with sporadic and moderate GPS phase scintillations (up to 0.2 rad). The main conclusion is that the worst global navigation satellite system space weather events on the dayside occur when polar cap patches enter the polar cap and are subject to particle precipitation and flow shears, which is analogous to the nightside when polar cap patches exit the polar cap and enter the auroral oval.

• Hoang, Huy Minh; Røed, Ketil; Bekkeng, Tore Andre; Trondsen, Espen; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2017). High spatial-resolution electron density measurement by Langmuir probe for multi-point observations using tiny spacecraft. Measurement Science and Technology. ISSN 0957-0233. 28(11). doi: 10.1088/1361-6501/aa87e1.
• Horký, Miroslav; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Delong, Vojtěch Adalbert (2017). Numerical heating of electrons in particle-in-cell simulations of fully magnetized plasmas. Physical review. E. ISSN 2470-0045. 95. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.95.043302. Full text in Research Archive

View all works in Cristin

• Spicher, Andres; LaBelle, James William; Bonnell, John W.; Roglans, Roger; Moser, Chrystal & Fuselier, Stephen A. [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2022). Sounding rocket investigation of multi-scale (density) irregularities in the cusp region.
• Spicher, Andres; Moen, Jøran Idar; LaBelle, James William; Bonnell, John W; Roglans, Roger & Moser, Chrystal [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2021). Sounding rocket studies of ionospheric turbulence above Svalbard. Show summary

  Every morning between about 06 UT and 11 UT, Svalbard rotates just below the cusps (dayside aurora), where direct coupling between the solar wind, magnetosphere and ionosphere occurs. This provides a unique window to study the dayside aurora and the highly dynamic processes associated with it, examples of which include electron and ion precipitation and heating, electrostatic and electromagnetic waves, as well as turbulence. In this work, we focus on the turbulence which, alongside with being of pure scientific interest, can also have societal impacts. Indeed, the “irregular” electron density structures associated with it can affect our technology infrastructures by for instance degrading High Frequency (HF) communication and Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) signals. After briefly reviewing some of the mechanisms believed to be important in the development of turbulence in the high-latitude ionosphere, we present recent observations of density irregularities obtained by sounding rockets above Svalbard. We focus on measurements made as a part of the Grand Challenge Initiative (GCI) Cusp, an international project combining sounding rockets missions and ground-based instruments to study the cusps. We show detailed characterization of the nature of the irregularities including their phase velocity and wavelengths, helping shedding light onto the process(es) involved in their formation, especially at the scales important for Space weather applications.

• Adhikari, Sayan; Mukherjee, Rupak; Marholm, Sigvald & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2021). Development of a Deep Neural Network Model for Spacecraft Charging. Show summary

  A Deep Neural Network (DNN) model using the kinetic Particle-in-Cell (PIC) simulation data for spacecraft charging has been developed. The model will be able to predict the potential structure around the spacecraft based on the system parameters of any given system with certain accuracy. DNN provides an excellent tool where we could leverage deep learning for all machine learning tasks and expect better performance with surplus data availability. The usability of DNN is unlimited if a user can train such a model with physics-based parameters. In recent studies, it has shown promising outcomes in terms of accurate prediction of physical quantities[1-2]. In the present work, we used Tensorflow[3], a deep learning library, to classify the PIC simulation datasets. Using Tensorflow, we have compared the effects of multiple activation functions on classification results and developed a library for a case study. This work shows that integrating DNN into traditional computational methods might be the new beginning of developing next-generation modeling.

• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Usui, Hideyuki; Miyake, Yohei; Mortensen, Mikael; Chernyshov, A.A. & Baddeley, Lisa [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2021). Long-term and sustainable research- based student mobility projects within space weather.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2021). Ground based and in-situ studies of the polar ionosphere.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Alfonsi, Lucilla; Spogli, Luca; Urbar, Jaroslav; Cesaroni, C & Cicone, Antonio [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2021). Variability of ionosphere studied and modelled based on data from the Swarm satellites.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2021). Towards understanding and modeling of plasma density irregularities in the polar ionosphere.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2021). Zorze polarne (nordlys).
• Spicher, Andres; Moen, Jøran Idar; Rowland, Douglas E.; LaBelle, James William; Kletzing, Craig A. & Blix, Kolbjørn [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2021). Sounding rocket studies above Svalbard: the grand challenge initiative cusp.
• Kotova, Daria & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2021). Study of the GNSS phase scintillation associated with auroral activity over Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. Show summary

  This study uses the dataset from the all-sky camera and the ground-based TEC and scintillation receiver installed in Antarctica at the Norwegian Research Station Troll. The station is located just on the equatorward edge of the quiet auroral oval. Thus, the observatory is in an optimal location to study the ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances. The all-sky camera was calibrated. In addition, we use geomagnetic indices and information about the solar wind from NASA's OMNIWeb Service, in-situ data onboard low Earth orbiting satellites (Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP), Swarm mission), and the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN). Together with the ground-based GNSS scintillation receiver, a comprehensive analysis of the reasons for observing scintillations over the Troll station during the period of geomagnetic disturbances was carried out. The relationship between the activation of aurora and severe phase scintillations is shown.

• Kotova, Daria; Jin, Yaqi & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2021). Investigation of interhemispheric variability of ionospheric parameters by the Swarm satellites for different solar activity. Show summary

  The use of satellite data allows us to study the variability of ionospheric plasma parameters globally without references to ground stations or receivers in different regions of the Earth. The Swarm mission, which was launched in 2014 and is still operational, allows us to investigate the effects of decreasing solar activity on the ionospheric variability. In our study, we use the Swarm in-situ measurements of the electron density and derived parameters. This dataset provides characteristics of the plasma variability along the orbit and gives information on plasma density structures in the ionosphere in terms of their amplitudes, gradients and spatial scales. In this study, we focused on the investigation of variability of these parameters in northern and southern hemispheres. Understanding of the distribution of such parameters in the context of the solar activity level and selected ionospheric regions can have implications for the development of new satellite instruments and for the accuracy of GNSS precise positioning.

• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2020). Ionospheric studies and plans for an observing network at Troll Research Station in Antarctica .
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Alfonsi, Lucilla; Spogli, Luca; Wood, Alan; Sahtahmassebi, Golnaz & Clausen, Lasse [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2020). Variability of Ionospheric Plasma Based on Swarm Satellite Data.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Jin, Yaqi; Xiong, Chao; Brask, Steffen Mattias; Kotova, Daria & Kervalishvili, Guram [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2020). Ionospheric Plasma IRregularities (IPIR data products).
• Spicher, Andres; LaBelle, James William; Bonnell, John W; Bounds, Scott; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock & Di Mare, Francesca [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2020). On multi-scale density irregularities observed by sounding rockets within regions of enhanced scintillations in the cusp ionosphere.
• Di Mare, Francesca; Spicher, Andres; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Moen, Jøran Idar (2020). Turbulent Signatures in the Polar Cusp Ionosphere using sounding rocket mission observations .
• Di Mare, Francesca; Spicher, Andres; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Moen, Jøran Idar (2020). Turbulence Signatures in the Polar/Cusp Ionosphere based on ICI sounding rocket missions .
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2020). Lower ionosphere - thermosphere and space weather activities at the University of Oslo, Norway.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2020). Characterising ionospheric plasma irregularities with ground-based observations, rockets and satellites .
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2020). Ground based and in-situ studies of the polar ionosphere.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2020). Troll Ionospheric Observatory.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2020). På jakt etter sørlyset, sesong 3, episode 1 .
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2020). Activities at the Norwegian research station Troll in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2020). Ground based and in-situ studies of the polar ionosphere.
• Kotova, Daria; Jin, Yaqi; Brask, Steffen; Cilliers, Pierre & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2020). Comparison of characteristics of electron density fluctuations from Swarm satellites with the ground-based scintillation dat.
• Kotova, Daria; Jin, Yaqi & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2020). Variability of ionospheric parameters by the Swarm satellites for different solar activity.
• Spicher, Andres; Kletzing, Craig A.; Bounds, Scott; Bonnell, John W.; Roglans, Roger & Fuselier, Stephen A. [Show all 21 contributors for this article] (2020). Cusp rocket experiment of density structures.
• Gunnarsdottir, Tinna; Mann, Ingrid & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2020). Model Calculations on the influence of Charged Mesospheric dust on the Incoherent Radar Spectrum.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Kotova, Daria; Jin, Yaqi; Xiong, Chao; Brask, Steffen & Kervalishvili, Guram [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2019). Ionospheric plasma irregularities studied globally with the Swarm satellites .
• Kotova, Daria; Jin, Yaqi & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2019). Comparison of ionospheric plasma irregularities measured by Swarm with the ground-based GPS scintillation data. Show summary

  Ionospheric irregularities are often the cause of GNSS precise positioning errors, as well as disruption of radio communications in the HF range. The reason for the occurrence of these irregularities can be various non-stationary processes in the near-Earth space plasma that depend on the response of the ionosphere to the variations in the near Earth space. Therefore, the study of ionospheric irregularities is an urgent scientific and applied problem. In this study we use a global product based on the Swarm satellite measurements that characterizes ionospheric irregularities and fluctuations. The IPIR (Ionospheric Plasma IRregularities product) provides characteristics of plasma density structures in the ionosphere, of plasma irregularities in terms of their amplitudes, gradients and spatial scales and assigns them to geomagnetic regions and consequently to predominant plasma processes. It also provides indication, in the form of a numerical value index, on their severity for the integrity of trans-ionospheric radio signals and hence the accuracy of GNSS precise positioning. In this work we made validations of the IPIR product against the ground-based measurements, focusing on GPS TEC and scintillation data in low latitudes regions.

• Spicher, Andres; Moen, Jøran Idar; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2019). On the source and nature of ionospheric plasma irregularities: advances made through the Investigation of Cusp irregularities sounding rocket program .
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2019). Lowcy zorz (Hunters of the Northern Lights).
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2019). Fizyk patrzy na zorze (A physicist observes aurora).
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2019). På jak etter sørlyset, sesong 2, epsiode 2.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2019). Ionospheric and Space Weather Research at Troll.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2019). A physicist in Antarctica .
• Skjæveland, Arnlaug Høgås; Kotova, Daria & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2019). Investigation of GPS phase scintillations at Troll station during geomagnetic disturbances in 2018. Show summary

  Ionospheric phenomena as a response to geomagnetic activity can be different at both hemispheres, in particular at high latitudes, due to the structure of the ionosphere, orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field and structure of the Earth magnetic field. This may have implications on large scale modeling and space weather forecasting. To understand these aspects, a significant number of studies which include both hemispheres are required. In order to study the asymmetry between the northern and southern hemispheres at high latitudes, we employ the GNSS TEC and scintillation monitors. We use data from a GNSS receiver at Troll station in Antarctica together with corresponding datasets from the northern hemisphere. We carry out detailed study of several representative events for different geomagnetic conditions. We characterize the GPS phase scintillations in the context of interhemispheric asymmetries, and also using other supportive ground based and satellite observations. This is the first study with data from the recently established ionospheric observatory at Troll station in Antarctica. It also forms a ground for more statistical study of interhemispheric asymmetries, where the first results are also shown.

• Spicher, Andres; Moen, Jøran Idar; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Blix, Kolbjørn (2018). 4DSpace long term plans towards a multi-satellite M-Class mission.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek (2018). På jak etter sørlyset, sesong 2.
• Spicher, Andres; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Jin, Yaqi; Lofstad, Victoria Emilie & Moen, Jøran Idar (2018). Polar cap patch climatology based on Swarm density data.
• Spicher, Andres; Moen, Jøran Idar; Hoang, Huy Minh; Røed, Ketil; Trondsen, Espen & Miloch, Wojciech Jacek [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2018). The Investigation of Cusp irregularities 5 sounding rocket: multi-point measurement of turbulence.
• Jin, Yaqi; Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock; Spicher, Andres; Stolle, Claudia & Kervalishvili, G. [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2018). Ionospheric Plasma Irregularities Characterized by the Swarm satellites.
• Jin, Yaqi; Spicher, Andres; Xiong, Chao; Clausen, Lasse Boy Novock; Stolle, Claudia & Kervalishvili, G. [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2018). Detecting high-latitude ionospheric plasma irregularities by Swarm satellites.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek; Yang, Lei; Paulsson, Joakim John Paul; Simon Wedlund, Cyril; Odelstad, Elias & Edberg, Niklas [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2016). Early Evolution of Comet 67P Studied with the RPC-LAP onboard Rosetta.
• Bergeot, N; Alfonsi, L.; Cilliers, P; De Franceschi, G; Correia, E & Enell, C.-F. [Show all 24 contributors for this article] (2020). Polar atmosphere and Geospace: Present knowledge, infrastructures and future research directions. SCAR White Paper, Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Skjæveland, Arnlaug Høgås (2020). Ionosfæriske scintillasjoner på GNSS-signaler over Dronning Maud Land, Antarktis: statistikk og kasusstudier . Universitetet i Oslo.
• Miloch, Wojciech Jacek & Forseth, Natalie (2016). Characterisation of plasma parameters at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Universitetet i Oslo.

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