Emilie Willoch Olstad

Olstad EW, Nordeng HME, Lyle R, Gervin K. No impact of prenatal paracetamol and folic acid exposure on cord blood DNA methylation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Front Genet. 2023;14:1204879. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1204879.

Olstad EW, Nordeng HME, Sandve GK, Lyle R, Gervin K. Effects of prenatal exposure to (es)citalopram and maternal depression during pregnancy on DNA methylation and child neurodevelopment. Transl Psychiatry. 2023;13. doi: 10.1038/s41398-023-02441-2.  

Olstad EW, Nordeng HME, Sandve GK, Lyle R, Gervin K. Low reliability of DNA methylation across Illumina Infinium platforms in cord blood: implications for replication studies and meta-analyses of prenatal exposures. Clin Epigenetics. 2022 Jun 28;14(1):80. doi: 10.1186/s13148-022-01299-3.

Gomes JDA, Olstad EW, Kowalski TW, Gervin K, Vianna FSL, Schüler-Faccini L, Nordeng HME. Genetic Susceptibility to Drug Teratogenicity: A Systematic Literature Review. Front Genet. 2021 Apr 27;12:645555. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.645555.

Olstad EW, Nordeng HME, Gervin K. Prenatal medication exposure and epigenetic outcomes: a systematic literature review and recommendations for prenatal pharmacoepigenetic studies. Epigenetics. 2022 Apr;17(4):357-380. doi: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1903376. Epub 2021 Apr 29.

• Olstad, Emilie Willoch; Nordeng, Hedvig Marie Egeland; Lyle, Robert & Gervin, Kristina (2023). No impact of prenatal paracetamol and folic acid exposure on cord blood DNA methylation in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Frontiers in Genetics. ISSN 1664-8021. 14, p. 1–6. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1204879. Full text in Research Archive
• Olstad, Emilie Willoch; Nordeng, Hedvig Marie Egeland; Sandve, Geir Kjetil Ferkingstad; Lyle, Robert & Gervin, Kristina (2023). Effects of prenatal exposure to (es)citalopram and maternal depression during pregnancy on DNA methylation and child neurodevelopment. Translational Psychiatry. ISSN 2158-3188. 13(1). doi: 10.1038/s41398-023-02441-2. Full text in Research Archive
• Olstad, Emilie Willoch; Nordeng, Hedvig Marie Egeland; Sandve, Geir Kjetil Ferkingstad; Lyle, Robert & Gervin, Kristina (2022). Low reliability of DNA methylation across Illumina Infinium platforms in cord blood: implications for replication studies and meta-analyses of prenatal exposures. Clinical Epigenetics. ISSN 1868-7075. 14(1). doi: 10.1186/s13148-022-01299-3. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background: There is an increasing interest in the role of epigenetics in epidemiology, but the emerging research feld faces several critical biological and technical challenges. In particular, recent studies have shown poor correlation of measured DNA methylation (DNAm) levels within and across Illumina Infnium platforms in various tissues. In this study, we have investigated concordance between 450 k and EPIC Infnium platforms in cord blood. We could not replicate our previous fndings on the association of prenatal paracetamol exposure with cord blood DNAm, which prompted an investigation of cross-platform DNAm diferences. Results: This study is based on two DNAm data sets from cord blood samples selected from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). DNAm of one data set was measured using the 450 k platform and the other data set was measured using the EPIC platform. Initial analyses of the EPIC data could not replicate any of our previous signifcant fndings in the 450 k data on associations between prenatal paracetamol exposure and cord blood DNAm. A subset of the samples (n=17) was included in both data sets, which enabled analyses of technical sources potentially contributing to the negative replication. Analyses of these 17 samples with repeated measurements revealed high per-sample correlations (−R ≈0.99), but low per-CpG correlations (−R≈0.24) between the platforms. 1.7% of the CpGs exhibited a mean DNAm diference across platforms >0.1. Furthermore, only 26.7% of the CpGs exhibited a moderate or better cross-platform reliability (intra-class correlation coefcient ≥0.5). Conclusion: The observations of low cross-platform probe correlation and reliability corroborate previous reports in other tissues. Our study cannot determine the origin of the diferences between platforms. Nevertheless, it emulates the setting in studies using data from multiple Infnium platforms, often analysed several years apart. Therefore, the fndings may have important implications for future epigenome-wide association studies (EWASs), in replication, meta-analyses and longitudinal studies. Cognisance and transparency of the challenges related to cross-platform studies may enhance the interpretation, replicability and validity of EWAS results both in cord blood and other tissues, ultimately improving the clinical relevance of epigenetic epidemiology.

• Gomes, Julia do Amaral; Olstad, Emilie Willoch; Kowalski, Thayne Woycinck; Gervin, Kristina; Vianna, Fernanda Sales Luiz & Schüler-Faccini, Lavínia [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2021). Genetic Susceptibility to Drug Teratogenicity: A Systematic Literature Review. Frontiers in Genetics. ISSN 1664-8021. 12. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2021.645555. Full text in Research Archive
• Dgama, Percival Paul Menino; Qiu, Tao; Cosacak, Mehmet Ilyas; Rayamajhi, Dheeraj; Konac, Ahsen & Hansen, Jan Niklas [Show all 23 contributors for this article] (2021). Diversity and function of motile ciliated cell types within ependymal lineages of the zebrafish brain. Cell reports. ISSN 2211-1247. 37(1). doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109775. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Motile cilia defects impair cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and can cause brain and spine disorders. The development of ciliated cells, their impact on CSF flow, and their function in brain and axial morphogenesis are not fully understood. We have characterized motile ciliated cells within the zebrafish brain ventricles. We show that the ventricles undergo restructuring through development, involving a transition from mono- to multiciliated cells (MCCs) driven by gmnc. MCCs co-exist with monociliated cells and generate directional flow patterns. These ciliated cells have different developmental origins and are genetically heterogenous with respect to expression of the Foxj1 family of ciliary master regulators. Finally, we show that cilia loss from the tela choroida and choroid plexus or global perturbation of multiciliation does not affect overall brain or spine morphogenesis but results in enlarged ventricles. Our findings establish that motile ciliated cells are generated by complementary and sequential transcriptional programs to support ventricular development.

• Olstad, Emilie Willoch; Nordeng, Hedvig Marie Egeland & Gervin, Kristina (2021). Prenatal medication exposure and epigenetic outcomes: a systematic literature review and recommendations for prenatal pharmacoepigenetic studies. Epigenetics. ISSN 1559-2294. doi: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1903376. Full text in Research Archive
• Ringers, Christa; Olstad, Emile Willoch & Jurisch-Yaksi, Nathalie (2019). The role of motile cilia in the development and physiology of the nervous system. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. ISSN 0962-8436. 375:20190156, p. 1–10. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0156. Full text in Research Archive
• Olstad, Emilie Willoch; Ringers, Christa; Hansen, Jan Niklas; Wens, Adinda; Brandt, Cecilia & Wachten, Dagmar [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2019). Ciliary beating compartmentalizes cerebrospinal fluid flow in the brain and regulates ventricular development. Current Biology. ISSN 0960-9822. 29(2), p. 229–241.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2018.11.059. Show summary

  Motile cilia are miniature, propeller-like extensions, emanating from many cell types across the body. Their coordinated beating generates a directional fluid flow, which is essential for various biological processes, from respiration to reproduction. In the nervous system, ependymal cells extend their motile cilia into the brain ventricles and contribute to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow. Although motile cilia are not the only contributors to CSF flow, their functioning is crucial, as patients with motile cilia defects develop clinical features, like hydrocephalus and scoliosis. CSF flow was suggested to primarily deliver nutrients and remove waste, but recent studies emphasized its role in brain development and function. Nevertheless, it remains poorly understood how ciliary beating generates and organizes CSF flow to fulfill these roles. Here, we study motile cilia and CSF flow in the brain ventricles of larval zebrafish. We identified that different populations of motile ciliated cells are spatially organized and generate a directional CSF flow powered by ciliary beating. Our investigations revealed that CSF flow is confined within individual ventricular cavities, with little exchange of fluid between ventricles, despite a pulsatile CSF displacement caused by the heartbeat. Interestingly, our results showed that the ventricular boundaries supporting this compartmentalized CSF flow are abolished during bodily movement, highlighting that multiple physiological processes regulate the hydrodynamics of CSF flow. Finally, we showed that perturbing cilia reduces hydrodynamic coupling between the brain ventricles and disrupts ventricular development. We propose that motile-cilia-generated flow is crucial in regulating the distribution of CSF within and across brain ventricles.

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• Olstad, Emilie Willoch; Ringers, Christa; Hansen, Jan; Wens, Adinda; Brandt, Cecilia & Wachten, Dagmar [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2018). Spatially organized ciliary beating compartmentalizes cerebrospinal fluid flow in the brain and regulates ventricular development.
• Olstad, Emilie Willoch; Ringers, Christa; Wens, Adinda; Hansen, Jan; Brandt, Cecilia & Yaksi, Emre [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2018). Spatially organized ciliary beating compartmentalizes cerebrospinal fluid flow in the brain and regulates ventricular development.
• Olstad, Emilie Willoch; Ringers, Christa; Hansen, Jan; Wens, Adinda; Yaksi, Emre & Jurisch-Yaksi, Nathalie (2018). Cilia-driven flow in the zebrafish brain ventricles.
• Olstad, Emilie Willoch; Ringers, Christa; Yaksi, Emre & Jurisch-Yaksi, Nathalie (2018). The function of motile-cilia driven flow in the nervous system.
• Olstad, Emilie Willoch; Ringers, Christa; Hansen, Jan; Wens, Adinda; Brandt, Cecilia & Wachten, Dagmar [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2018). The function of motile-cilia driven flow in the nervous system.

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