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[Show all 8 contributors for this article]
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Caspase 3, enzyme activity and level of expression, in rat cerebellar granule cells after glutamate exposure.
Show summary
Caspase 3, enzyme activity and level of expression, in rat cerebellar granule cells after glutamate exposure.
C. Lindgren, H. Holte, K. Solberg, R. Paulsen.
Institute of Pharmacy, University of Oslo. Norway.
The enzyme activity of the apoptotic marker Caspase 3 was investigated in rat cerebellar granule neurons after sublethal glutamate exposure as compared to the Caspase 3 activity in two different cell deaths models: cell death induced by K+/serum deprivation, previously described to induce apoptosis, and calcium-ionophore, known to induce necrosis. The enzyme activity was analysed at different time-points after treatment, using the fluorogenic Caspase 3 substrate Ac-DEVD-AMC. The enzyme activity of Caspase 3 showed a many-fold and prolonged increase following K+/serum deprivation that preceded the morphological cell loss, whereas calcium-ionophore induced a rapid loss of viability but induced no increase in Caspase 3 activity. Highly toxic glutamate exposure has earlier been described to induce necrosis with no detectable increase in Caspase 3 activity (Armstrong et al. J.Neurosci.17(2):253-6, 1997), whereas a less severe, but still toxic, insult of glutamate induces apoptosis with highly increased Caspase 3 activity (Du et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 94:11657-62, 1997). Interestingly, a sublethal exposure of glutamate induced a significant decrease in Caspase 3 activity compared to control 6 hours after treatment. The mRNA-level of caspase 1 and caspase 3 in cerebellar granule neurons following lethal glutamate exposure was also analysed at different time-points, using RT-PCR. Caspase 3 mRNA was significantly increased following toxic glutamate exposure at 6 hours after treatment, whereas caspase 1 showed an attenuated mRNA level at all time-points.