Siste publikasjoner
Oversikt over våre siste 100 publikasjonene registrert i NVA.
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Pershina, Raissa & Ayache, Urszula Wiszniowska
(2027).
AI in the creation of sustainability-oriented data-centred innovation: The case of digital twins in the oil and gas sector.
I Hanisch, Marvin & Fabian, Nicolai Etienne (Red.),
The Elgar Companion to Artificial Intelligence and the Sustainable Development Goals.
Edward Elgar Publishing.
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Scarborough, Matthew; Christensen, Kai Håkon; Cerrone, Albert; Kristensen, Nils Melsom & Valseth, Eirik
(2026).
Modeling the Hydrodynamics in the Oslofjord using an Advanced Circulation Model.
Applied Mathematical Modelling.
ISSN 0307-904X.
s. 117392–117392.
doi:
10.1016/j.apm.2026.117392.
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Abdullaev, Azat; Fernandez, Javier Garcia; Nozais, Chloé; O’Connell, Jacques; Tlegenov, Rustem & Sekerbayev, Kairolla
[Vis alle 17 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Ions leaving no tracks.
Nature Communications.
17(1).
doi:
10.1038/s41467-026-78195-4.
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The paths of swift heavy ions are typically traceable in solids, because of confined electronic interactions along the paths, inducing what is known in literature as “ion tracks”, i.e. nano-sized in cross-section cylindrical zones of modified material extending for microns in length. Such tracks readily form in materials exhibiting low thermal conductivities, in particular insulators or semiconductors, altering the homogeneity of materials. In this work, using recently discovered γ/β-Ga2O3 polymorph heterostructures, we show that, in contrast to the trends in many other materials, including that in β-Ga2O3, swift heavy ions leave no tracks in γ-Ga2O3. We explain this trend in terms of the fast disorder recovery, occurring because of multiple configurations in the γ-Ga2O3 lattice itself, so that the disorder formed by ion impacts gets rapidly erased, giving a perception of ions leaving no tracks. As such, γ-Ga2O3, readily integrated with β-Ga2O3 in polymorph heterostructures, emerges as a promising semiconductor platform for devices capable of operating in harsh radiation environments.
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Cameijo, Alice Janela; Sklab, Youcef; Arib, Souhila; Näsholm, Sven Peter; Brissaud, Quentin & Pichon, Alexis Le
[Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Using Physical and Statistical Features for Explainable AI in a Wave Propagation Context.
Procedia Computer Science.
292,
s. 935–944.
doi:
10.1016/j.procs.2026.09.168.
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This work introduces an explainability framework tailored to Artificial intelligence (AI)-based infrasound propagation, which links physically interpretable atmospheric data descriptors to AI model generalization error and out-of-distribution (OOD) robustness. AI is indeed increasingly exploited in atmospheric sciences, for example as a fast surrogate for physics-based numerical simulations of long-range infrasound transmission loss (TL). However, as many AI models are purely data-driven and degrade under OOD conditions, this creates the need for data-centric explainability, with the objective of providing metrics that may a-priori tell whether the AI surrogate will predict reliable TL. From input atmospheric wind and temperature fields, we derive spatial autocorrelation lengths, patch-wise cross-correlation, and per altitude-range effective sound speed distributions that we convert into dataset-distance metrics. To determine which descriptors most influence TL, we analyze the relationship between these metrics and model predictions. We specifically look for those that, when significantly different from the training ones, correspond with a measurable drop in performance. We also run targeted feature ablations to identify supplementary characteristics - such as stratospheric ducts and source frequency - that impact TL the most. We demonstrate the explainability framework on a convolutional recurrent neural network that predicts TL at a global scale, enabling us to assess how the middle atmosphere dynamics impact predictions for real-time monitoring applications. The analysis spans multiple dates, explosive events, and atmospheric specifications, showing that our dataset-distance metrics reliably capture performance shifts across controlled training/generalization conditions mismatches. This framework is AI model-agnostic and offers explainability for AI-based infrasound propagation without retraining; providing a reusable blueprint for similar applications.
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Wang, Qiang; Jamous, Reem; Ma, Qianli; Linke, Dirk; Lyngstadaas, Ståle Petter & Saiz, Augustine Mark
[Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Early porcine wound responses to two application regimens of a hydrogen peroxide-poloxamer gel.
Smart Materials in Medicine.
7,
s. 536–551.
doi:
10.1016/j.smaim.2026.10.004.
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Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is widely used to reduce biofilm burden during implant-surface decontamination, but its reactivity creates a clinical trade-off between antimicrobial action and host-tissue injury. We compared early tissue responses to brief application followed by irrigation and removal versus application without planned removal of the same H2O2–Poloxamer formulation. In a porcine full-thickness wound model, wounds were largely closed at day 7. Brief application followed by irrigation and removal (Brief-removal) was associated with lower wound closure and higher TNF-α staining than Sham, but neither outcome differed significantly from application without planned removal (Retained-gel). Rete-ridge density was lower with Brief-removal than with both Sham and Retained-gel. Both regimens reduced local IL-10 expression. Exploratory proteomics screening suggested candidate host-response differences, but none of the 6981 protein groups met the false discovery rate threshold in the pig-adjusted analysis. Measurements suggested a decline in peroxide in recovered gel over the first 4 h in an ex vivo assay, whereas the gel matrix persisted for days in a separate vial system. These findings characterize early tissue responses to two application protocols but do not establish the underlying tissue H2O2 exposure profiles. Further studies linking tissue exposure, antimicrobial activity, and healing are needed before an application protocol can be recommended.
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Zweigel, Robin Benjamin; Avirmed, Dashtseren; Temuujin, Khurelbaatar; Webster, Clare; Lee, Hanna & Westermann, Sebastian
(2026).
Forest disturbances and their impact on ground surface temperatures in permafrost-underlain forest in central Mongolia.
The Cryosphere.
ISSN 1994-0416.
20(2),
s. 1001–1023.
doi:
10.5194/tc-20-1001-2026.
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In the forest-steppe ecotone in central Mongolia, forest and permafrost exist close to their climatic limits and are co-located on north-facing slopes. The deciduous forest ecosystems and permafrost on these slopes are linked through interactions in the local energy and water balance. Furthermore, in this region the presence of such permafrost-forest systems provides essential services that supports local livelihoods and ecosystem function. However, forest disturbances that reduce or remove the forest canopies and lead to changes in surface cover could impact ground surface temperatures (GSTs) and potentially lead to permafrost degradation. In this study, we investigate the relationship between different forest states and GSTs at a site in the forest-steppe ecotone. We measured GSTs and surveyed vegetation density and surface cover over two years in an area that features both intact, dead and logged forest and dense stands of young regrowth. Overall, we find GSTs in summer and winter to vary substantially among the forest states, while differences in GST in spring and fall are small. Compared to the intact forest, the annual GST range is increased in the dead and logged forest while it is dampened in stands of young regrowth. Contrary to existing literature, we do not observe a general warming of the ground surface at disturbed sites, but instead find mean annual GSTs at disturbed sites to be 0.5 °C lower than at intact sites. We also find substantial floor vegetation in the dead and logged forest, which has implications for livestock grazing patterns and remote sensing of forest disturbances.
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Zurlo, N.; Zugravel, S. C.; Zingaretti, A.; Zhu, Y.; Zhu, S. & Zhu, J.
[Vis alle 1 049 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Measurements of the production of W± and Z0 bosons in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV.
European Physical Journal C.
ISSN 1434-6044.
86(9).
doi:
10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-15943-2.
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Measurements of the production of the W± and Z0 bosons at midrapidity in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with ALICE at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are presented. The W± and Z0 bosons are detected via their (di)electronic decay channels, with the electron reconstruction performed in the midrapidity region (|y| < 0.6). The pT-integrated and pT-differential production cross sections of electrons from W± decays in the interval 30 < pT < 60 GeV/c, as well as the pT-integrated production cross section of Z0 bosons, are measured. The results are described by perturbative QCD calculations using different sets of parton distribution functions. The production of W± bosons and azimuthally correlated associated hadrons is also measured as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity for the first time at the LHC. The former increases approximately linearly with the charged-particle multiplicity, while for the latter, there are hints of a faster-than-linear increase. These observations are compared with theoretical calculations.
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Khan, Akif Quddus; Akram, Muhammad Bilal; Grønli, Tor-Morten; Lakhan, Abdullah; Roman, Dumitru & Soylu, Ahmet
(2026).
A Lightweight CPU Resource Distribution Method for Container-Based Cloud Applications.
I Chbeir, Richard; Dustdar, Schuhram; Tuan, Tran Ngoc; Manolopoulos, Yannis; Masciari, Elio; Rodriguez, Juan Manual Murillo & Bou-chaaya, Karam (Red.),
Management of Digital EcoSystems.
Springer.
ISSN 9783032365477.
s. 220–232.
doi:
10.1007/978-3-032-36547-7_17.
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The adoption of cloud services continues to grow, with applications ranging from simple web tools to complex content management systems increasingly relying on virtual compute instances powered by Central Processing Units (CPUs). The emergence of generative AI has further amplified the demand for high-performance computing resources such as Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) and Tensor Processing Units (TPUs). However, current cloud billing models typically follow a “pay-as-you-order” paradigm rather than a true “pay-as-you-use” model, often leading to inefficient resource utilisation and idle time between operations. In this paper, we present a smart resource distribution method for CPUs, which is also extendable to GPUs. Our method supports containerised applications with diverse computational requirements, from those that need multiple CPUs to those that can run efficiently on a fraction of a single CPU. We evaluated the approach using a simulated data pipeline application without disk I/O, comparing it against both static allocation and the default Completely Fair Scheduler (CFS). The results demonstrate improved resource utilisation and overall performance of the application. Future work includes a comparison with machine learning–based scheduling techniques to assess potential trade-offs in computational overhead.
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Fedorova, Mariia; Kutuzov, Andrey & Delascio, Gustavo Cadenas
(2026).
Preference Optimization Improves Definition Generation: Semantic Change in EU Institutional Sustainable Finance Disclosures.
I Atwell, Katherine; Borah, Angana; Dementieva, Daryna; Kreiss, Elisa; Kotonya, Neema; Liu, Jiarui; Olson, Liz; Wan, Ruyuan & Zhao, Jieyu (Red.),
Proceedings of the Fifth Workshop on NLP for Positive Impact (NLP4PI).
Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL).
ISSN 9798891764958.
s. 349–359.
doi:
10.18653/2026.nlp4pi-1.30.
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Dictionary-like definition generators are known to be useful for lexical semantic change detection (LSCD). However, they suffer from overly granular sense distribution, producing excessive number of definitions for one and the same lexical sense. In this work, we show that fine-tuning with Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) helps to overcome this problem. We test our approach both quantitatively on a curated academic LSCD benchmark and qualitatively on real-world data for a practical task of auditing diachronic changes in sustainability terminology within project documentation of EU development finance.All models, code and predictions produced in this study are publicly available at https://github.com/ltgoslo/dpo-for-definition-generation.
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Idahl, Maximilian; Tiedemann, Jörg; Pyysalo, Sampo; Salinas, David; Galica, Tomasz & Qian, Shenbin
[Vis alle 22 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
MultiSynt/MT: Trillion-Token Multi-Parallel Pretraining Data Translated Across 36 Languages.
I Lee, Hung-Yi; Dev, Sunipa; Li, Junyi Jessy & Elliott, Desmond (Red.),
Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing.
Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL).
ISSN 9798891764590.
s. 49670–49694.
doi:
10.18653/2026.emnlp-main.2185.
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Open web-scale pre-training corpora remain concentrated in English, limiting multilingual LLM development. We introduce MultiSynt/MT, an open synthetic parallel corpus with approximately 4.8 trillion target-language tokens across 36 European languages, produced by translating 100 billion high-quality Nemotron-CC tokens with Tower+ and OPUS-MT/HPLT-MT systems. For many medium- and lower-resource European languages, this is the largest openly available pre-training resource. On a broad multilingual benchmark suite, reference LLMs trained on MultiSynt/MT reach the final score of HPLT 2.0, a native-data baseline, using roughly 72% fewer pre-training tokens, and outperform it by approximately 15% relative at a matched 100B-token training budget. Our analyses also identify evaluation blind spots: standard multiple-choice benchmarks miss translation-quality differences that a fluency-sensitive LLM-as-judge evaluation cleanly recovers on the trained LLMs (with no fluency deficit in MultiSynt itself), and Norwegian idiomatic and culturally grounded tasks remain better served by native data. We release the corpus, including row-aligned translations from multiple systems, to support controlled research on multilingual pre-training data and evaluation.
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Buils, Jordi; Bo, Carles & Badia, David Balcells
(2026).
POMs-GibbsNet: A Deep Neural Network for the Prediction of Thermodynamic Parameters of Polyoxometalates.
Journal of Computational Chemistry.
ISSN 0192-8651.
47(28),
s. 1–14.
doi:
10.1002/jcc.70510.
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Rognan, Stine Eidhammer; Lie, Helene Berg; Sporrong, Sofia Kälvemark; Bengtsson, Kajsa Rebecka; Andersson, Yvonne & Mathiesen, Liv
(2026).
What Do Patients with Long-Term Conditions Disclose About Medication Adherence During and After Hospital Discharge? A Qualitative Study at an Internal Medicines Ward in Norway.
Patient Preference and Adherence.
20.
doi:
10.2147/PPA.S615812.
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Manrique, Sergio Javier González; Arjona, Juan Carlos Trelles; Kuckein, Christoph; Siu-Tapia, Azaymi L.; Moreno-Insertis, Fernando & Sen, Samrat
[Vis alle 46 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Episodic Plasma Flows and Coronal Brightenings in an Arch Filament System Observed with Sunrise III.
Astrophysical Journal Letters.
ISSN 2041-8205.
1011(1).
doi:
10.3847/2041-8213/aeacdf.
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Emerging flux regions (EFRs) are key sites of magnetic flux transport and energy release in the solar atmosphere, often hosting arch filament systems (AFSs). We present high-resolution observations of an EFR obtained during the Sunrise III mission, combining spectropolarimetric measurements from the Tunable Magnetograph (TuMag) and Sunrise Chromospheric Infrared Spectro-Polarimeter (SCIP) with complementary observations from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The data set provides a continuous view of an AFS over nearly 4 hr. Line-of-sight (LOS) velocities derived from the Mg I b_2 line reveal three episodic plasma-flow events characterized by strong downflows reaching up to ∼17 km s^−1 at the AFS footpoints and enhanced upflows near the loop tops. Although this pattern agrees with the classical emergence and draining scenario, the strongest upflows and downflows occur nearly simultaneously. Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) 304 and 171 Å observations reveal transient extreme-UV (EUV) brightenings in the surrounding emerging system; some occur during episodes of enhanced LOS velocities, while others do not, indicating that the temporal correspondence is not systematic. Multiline spectropolarimetric inversions reveal temperatures between ∼4000 and ∼10,000 K and a smooth variation of the magnetic field inclination along a representative AFS loop. Non-force-free-field extrapolations provide the large-scale magnetic context of the low-lying AFS loops and surrounding coronal structures. Together, the observations reveal a spatially and temporally complex evolution of the emerging system without establishing a direct causal connection between the local plasma-flow enhancements and the EUV brightenings.
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Speranza, Giada; Razafindranaivo, Estelle; Andriamahefa, Denis Miranto; Tambets, Meelis; Sztatecsny, Marc & Ratsoavina, Fanomezana
[Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Contrasting population genetic structures of freshwater eels (Anguilla marmorata, A. bicolor, A. mossambica) from Madagascar.
Journal of Fish Biology.
ISSN 0022-1112.
109(4),
s. 2409–2418.
doi:
10.1111/jfb.70612.
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Syrpas, Michail; Smiliotopoulos, Theodoros; Adamberg, Signe; Adamberg, Kaarel; Ağagündüz, Duygu & Brouwer-Brolsma, Elske M.
[Vis alle 49 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Mapping fermented food prevalence and intake across European regions: results from the Promoting Innovation of Fermented Foods (PIMENTO) study.
British Journal of Nutrition.
ISSN 0007-1145.
s. 1–13.
doi:
10.1017/S0007114526108563.
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Fermented foods are integral to European diets, yet their consumption patterns remain poorly characterised. We analysed cross-sectional data from 12 646 adults across fifty-three countries in four EuroVoc regions (Northern, Southern, Western and Central-Eastern Europe; 2023–2024) collected with the validated Fermented Food Frequency Questionnaire (3FQ) within the Promoting Innovation of Fermented Foods COST Action (CA20128). Weighted analyses accounted for regional population distributions, sex and age. Intake across fifteen fermented food categories was estimated from frequency and portion-size data to derive consumer prevalence and quantities. Fermented dairy products showed near-universal prevalence (94·1–95·6 %) with median intake among consumers of 66·7–80·1 g/day. Coffee and fermented cereals were also highly prevalent (78·4–84·1 % and 89·9–95·9 %, respectively), with median intakes of 60·0–73·1 ml/day for coffee and 44·0–77·1 g/day for cereals. Chocolate was consumed weekly (76·0–138·8 ml/week) by >90 % of participants. In contrast, fermented vegetables and legumes exhibited low intakes (4·4–8·4 g/day and 4·5–9·0 ml/week, respectively). Plant-based alternatives were consumed by up to 72·8 % in Western Europe, but intake was negligible (median 25·5 ml/week). Alcoholic beverages varied regionally: wine 12·5–25·0 ml/day; beer/cider 25·0–50·0 ml/day. Fermented non-alcoholic beverages had low prevalence (18·3–49·3 %) but relatively high weekly intake among consumers (18·7–49·8 ml/week). Consumer prevalence and intake varied independently across categories. This Europe-wide mapping reveals substantial regional heterogeneity in both prevalence and intake. Findings highlight the need for harmonised and standardised dietary monitoring protocols to address current data gaps in fermented food consumption, characterise exposure profiles across populations and support future research on their associations with health outcomes.
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Wood, Ethan; Edvardsen, Bente; Skjånes, Kari & Šupraha, Luka
(2026).
Effects of Culture History and Algal Taxonomy on Bacterial Communities in Long-maintained Filamentous Green Algae.
Microbial Ecology.
ISSN 0095-3628.
89(1).
doi:
10.1007/s00248-026-02840-0.
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Abstract Algal cultures are widely used to study algae–bacteria interactions, yet the relative roles of algal taxonomy, culturing environment, and historical contingency in shaping bacterial communities of long-maintained monoalgal cultures remain unclear. In a two-stage experimental design, we used 16 S rRNA metabarcoding to first profile the bacterial communities of 14 filamentous freshwater algal strains from three orders (Chaetophorales, Oedogoniales, Zygnematales) maintained in two distinct culture collections, and then, in a second experiment to test community mixing using a co-culture and re-isolation design with two algal strains ( Stigeoclonium sp. and Oedogonium sp.). The 14-strain profiling showed that bacterial communities were broadly similar at higher taxonomic ranks, with many shared orders within Pseudomonadota, whereas composition at the ASV level was largely algal-strain-specific. Ordination of phylogeny-aware UniFrac distances showed that culture collection of origin explained more variation in community composition than algal order, an effect reduced but not eliminated after standardizing the culture medium. The co-culture and re-isolation experiment showed that the two algal strains exchanged many bacterial community members, yet algal strain identity remained detectable after re-isolation. These results support a framework where culture history results in strain-specific ASV-level composition within recurrent higher-rank structure, and where algal-strain-specific effects on bacterial community composition become evident when cultures are exposed to a shared bacterial pool. Co-culture followed by algal re-isolation offers a practical approach to examine the persistence of algal-culture bacterial communities under mixing and may help identify candidate bacterial partners with potentially strong host-specific interactions without requiring axenic hosts.
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Weldemichael, Tsigereda; Khan, Md. Abdul Hye; Adams, Yahaya; Mishra, Abhishek; Goorani, Samaneh & Vik, Anders
[Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
8,9-EET analogs protect glomerular cells from doxorubicin-induced toxicity.
Frontiers in Pharmacology.
17.
doi:
10.3389/fphar.2026.1913312.
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Introduction Doxorubicin (DOX) is an anthracycline chemotherapeutic whose clinical utility is limited by dose-dependent nephrotoxicity that contributes to acute and chronic kidney injury. Podocytes are essential components of the glomerular filtration barrier and are particularly vulnerable to DOX-induced oxidative stress, cytoskeletal disruption, loss of adhesion, and apoptosis. Therapeutic strategies that protect podocytes without compromising anticancer efficacy therefore represent an important unmet need. This study investigated the protective mechanisms and translational potential of 8,9-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (8,9-EET) analogs against DOX-induced podocyte injury. Methods Nineteen 8,9-EET analogs were screened in cultured podocytes exposed to DOX. Protective effects were evaluated by assessing cell viability, caspase-3/7 activation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and focal adhesion integrity using confocal immunofluorescence analysis of vinculin. Selected analogs were also evaluated in DU145 prostate cancer and HCC1806 breast cancer cells to determine whether podocyte protection altered the anticancer activity of DOX. Results and Discussion Several 8,9-EET analogs significantly improved podocyte viability and attenuated DOX-induced apoptosis, as demonstrated by reduced caspase-3/7 activation. DOX markedly disrupted focal adhesion complexes, decreasing vinculin number and area, whereas co-treatment with selected analogs preserved vinculin-associated focal adhesion integrity. Effective analogs also significantly reduced DOX-induced ROS generation, consistent with attenuation of oxidative stress. Importantly, selected analogs protected podocytes without compromising DOX anticancer activity in either DU145 or HCC1806 cells, supporting separation of renoprotective effects from the desired cytotoxic action of DOX. These findings identify selected 8,9-EET analogs as promising podocyte-protective agents against DOX-induced injury. Their protective effects were associated with reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis and preservation of focal adhesion architecture, suggesting coordinated maintenance of podocyte structural integrity and survival. Preservation of DOX anticancer activity in prostate and breast cancer cells further supports the translational potential of these compounds as adjunctive therapies during anthracycline chemotherapy. Collectively, targeting epoxy lipid signaling with 8,9-EET analogs may provide a strategy to limit chemotherapy-associated podocyte injury and preserve renal function without diminishing antitumor efficacy. These results support preclinical evaluation of lead analogs, including their pharmacological properties, renal protective efficacy, and therapeutic compatibility with DOX in relevant models. These findings warrant defining efficacy, safety, dosing, and translational feasibility in vivo .
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Aad, G.; Aakvaag, Erlend; Abbott, B.; Abdelhameed, S.; Abeling, K. & Abicht, N. J.
[Vis alle 2 932 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Search for signatures of electroweakinos with photons, jets, and large missing transverse momentum in √s=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector.
Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP).
ISSN 1126-6708.
2026(4).
doi:
10.1007/JHEP04(2026)150.
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A search for final states characterised by at least one isolated high transversemomentum photon, jets and large missing transverse momentum is presented. Such a final
state might occur in gauge-mediated supersymmetric models where a pair of binos and higgsinos mix to form neutralinos, one of which decays into a photon plus a gravitino while
the other decays into a Higgs boson, a Z boson or a photon, plus a gravitino. The search is performed using the full Run-2 data sample of 140 fb−1 of √s = 13TeV proton-proton
collisions collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No significant excess of events is observed above the Standard Model prediction and model-dependent
exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level are set. These limits are interpreted in terms of the masses of gauginos, which are excluded up to 1.2TeV depending on their branching
ratios, and on their branching ratios as a function of their mass.
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Aad, G.; Aakvaag, Erlend; Abbott, B.; Abdelhameed, S.; Abeling, K. & Abicht, N. J.
[Vis alle 2 934 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Measurement of the top-quark mass using decays with a J/ψ meson at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector.
Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP).
ISSN 1126-6708.
2026(4).
doi:
10.1007/JHEP04(2026)099.
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The top-quark mass is measured using top-quark decays producing an isolated lepton and J/ψ meson reconstructed in its μ+μ− decay mode. The data sample was recorded
with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 13TeV during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
140 fb−1. The measurement is based on the invariant mass m(ℓμ+μ−) of the system made of the isolated lepton ℓ from the W boson decay and the non-isolated μ+μ− pair from a J/ψ
decay of a b-hadron, exploiting its sensitivity to the top-quark mass. An unbinned maximumlikelihood fit to the m(ℓμ+μ−) distribution is performed to extract the top-quark mass. The
top-quark mass is measured to be mtop = 172.17±0.80 (stat)±0.81 (syst)±1.07 (recoil) GeV, with a total uncertainty of 1.56 GeV. The third uncertainty arises from changing the dipole
parton shower gluon-recoil scheme used in top-quark decays.
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Zwalinski, L.; Zormpa, O.; Zorbas, T. G.; Zografos, A.; Zoch, K. & Zoccoli, A.
[Vis alle 2 915 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Electroweak diboson production in association with a high-mass dijet system in semileptonic final states from pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector.
European Physical Journal C.
ISSN 1434-6044.
86(4).
doi:
10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-15217-3.
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This paper reports the observation of electroweak diboson (WW/WZ/ZZ) production in association with a high-mass dijet system, in which final states with one boson decaying leptonically and the other boson decaying hadronically are studied. The hadronically decaying W/Z boson is reconstructed as either two small-radius jets or one large-radius
jet with jet substructure requirements. The data analyzed correspond to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1 of proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of
√s = 13 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector during the 2015-2018 data taking at the Large Hadron Collider. The electroweak production of WW/WZ/ZZ in association
with two jets is observed in a phase space dominated by vector-boson scattering with a significance of 7.4σ (expected 6.1σ) and the signal strength is determined to be 1.28+0.23
−0.21. The corresponding production cross section in a fiducial phase space is measured in addition. The signal strengths of both electroweak and QCD associated diboson productions are furthermore measured in a two-dimensional fit, the result of which agrees with the Standard Model prediction. The data are interpreted in the context of a dimension-8 effective field theory to probe anomalous quartic gauge couplings resulting in the first set of exclusion limits on the Wilson coefficients in the semileptonic channel reported by the ATLAS Collaboration. The observed limits for the S02, T0 and M0 operators are (−3.96 < fS02/4 < 3.96) TeV−4, (−0.25 < fT 0/4 < 0.22) TeV−4, (−1.26 < fM0/4 < 1.25) TeV−4.
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Zwalinski, L.; Zormpa, O.; Zorbas, T. G.; Zografos, A.; Zoch, K. & Zoccoli, A.
[Vis alle 2 928 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Measurement of the W-boson angular coefficients and transverse momentum in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector.
European Physical Journal C.
ISSN 1434-6044.
86(5).
doi:
10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-15264-w.
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The angular distributions of Drell–Yan lepton pairs provide sensitive probes of the underlying dynamics of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) effects in vector-boson production. This paper presents for the first time the measurement of the full set of angular coefficients together with the differential cross-section as a function of the transverse
momentum of the W boson, in the full phase space of the decay leptons. The measurements are performed separately for the W− and W+ channels. The analysis uses proton–
proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in 2017 and 2018, during special low-luminosity runs with a reduced number of interactions
per bunch crossings (pile-up). The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 338 pb−1 at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 13 TeV. The low pile-up environment provides
excellent experimental conditions for high-precision measurements ofW-boson production. All results agree with theoretical predictions incorporating finite-order QCD corrections
up to order α2S.
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Mahzouni, Arian & Velden, Maja van der
(2026).
A lifecycle perspective to environmental and social impacts of electric vehicle batteries: a literature review.
The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment.
ISSN 0948-3349.
31(9).
doi:
10.1007/s11367-026-02706-0.
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Purpose
This review examines the negative environmental and social impacts across the lifecycle of electric vehicle (EV) batteries from a global value chain perspective, highlighting the dilemma between environmentally sound transportation and the negative sustainability impacts. The main objective is to situate the lifecycle of EV batteries within the broader context of sustainability to develop a comprehensive understanding of sustainable batteries. It addresses two research questions: 1) What are the main social and environmental impacts in the lifecycle of EV batteries? 2) What are the main gaps and overarching themes in the literature towards sustainable batteries?
Method
Comprehensive data were collected and synthesised from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The review and analysis of scientific articles were conducted from May 2023 to June 2024, and the scope of the review has been limited to empirical studies published in English between 2010 and 2023. About 1849 articles in both databases and across the EV battery lifecycle were found, of which 71% addresses the environmental impacts, 20% the social impacts and 9% the life cycle assessment of EV batteries.
Results
The results provide insights into key patterns, trends, and topics in the literature on the undesirable environmental and social impacts in the six phases of the EV battery lifecycle. The review identified two gaps in the literature: limited research on the social impacts of EV batteries and on the design phase in the EV battery lifecycle, despite its vital role as the backbone of the circular battery economy. In addition, the vital roles of battery design, the energy production mix, and extended producer responsibility have been identified as three overarching themes that cut across the battery lifecycle phases.
Conclusions
The European Union’s perspective on sustainable batteries may be shaped by contextual factors, because reducing the negative social and environmental impacts of EV batteries depends on many socio-technical and territorial factors, such as battery design, battery state of health, recycling infrastructure, governance systems, and institutional structures. For instance, many countries in the Global South are less capable of enforcing battery regulations due to weak governance and regulatory frameworks. Therefore, they may take a different approach to sustainable batteries. However, establishing appropriate infrastructure and institutional arrangements to enable the collection, transportation and storage of retired EV batteries in the EoL phase will be a critical step towards sustainable batteries.
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Johansen, Dag; Andreassen, Kim Hartvedt; Hilbertsen, Markus; Mikalsen, Jon Foss; Rypdal, Martin & Nordmo, Tor-Arne Schmidt
[Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Artificial Intelligence in the Soccer Domain Practice and Experience.
I Misra, Sanjay; Kjølerbakken, Kai Morgan & Braarud, Per Øivind (Red.),
International Conference on Human Centric Artificial Intelligence (ICHCAI): First International Conference, ICHCAI 2026.
IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers).
ISSN 9798331551186.
doi:
10.1109/ichcai70183.2026.11607527.
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Digital multimedia analytics technologies are currently the key to the development and operation of international elite soccer. Artificial intelligence solutions have gradually increased their footprint in this application domain with a common belief that this technology might replace and improve numerous human-operated tasks. We have been researching and developing digital multimedia and analytics systems from the onset of this development, which includes both novel academic contributions and industrial startups. Our experiences with AI are more mixed and even negative, where we advocate ingestion of more human expertise in some of the AI automated operations.
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Fejzic, Emir; Usher, Will; Jensen, Ida Græsted; Zeyringer, Marianne; Vågerö, Oskar & Roithner, Maximilian
[Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
A structured ex-post synthesis of Nordic power sector pathways from independently developed scenarios.
Energy Strategy Reviews.
ISSN 2211-467X.
68.
doi:
10.1016/j.esr.2026.102375.
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Nordic energy planning draws on scenarios developed for different purposes, making it difficult to determine what their results support when considered together. A structured review of 63 studies relevant to comparing energy system models and scenarios identifies six study-design families and informs an ex-post synthesis of eight model-scenario cases from six model families. Ex-post synthesis documents recurring developments and contrasts, while attribution to particular assumptions requires a controlled comparison. The synthesis covers Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden in 2030, 2040 and 2050, retaining each case's identity and context. Between 2030 and 2050, onshore wind capacity increases by more than 0.1 GW in 20 of 21 eligible national trajectories, and solar PV capacity does so in 17. Modelled net onshore wind capacity additions by 2050 equal 11–654% of national total generating capacity in 2020. Total installed capacity varies approximately sevenfold in Finland, and technology portfolios differ substantially. In Norway, LUT-ESTM and OSeMBE report similar final electricity demand in 2050, at 218 and 220 TWh/yr, but 109 and 51 GW of onshore wind and 704 and 302 TWh/yr of power generation, respectively. Reported power-supply CO2 emissions are numerically lower in 2050 than in 2030 in all 20 eligible trajectories, but zero and negative endpoints reflect different scenario targets, sectoral boundaries and accounting conventions. The pathways are therefore most useful as contrasting planning cases rather than as a common forecast. Nordic grid, permitting and spatial-planning decisions should consequently be assessed across several wind-deployment scales, with explicit assumptions about electricity use.
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Aad, G.; Aakvaag, Erlend; Abbott, B.; Abdelhameed, S.; Abeling, K. & Abicht, N. J.
[Vis alle 2 850 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Search for long-lived charginos and τ-sleptons using final states with a disappearing track in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector.
Journal of High Energy Physics (JHEP).
ISSN 1126-6708.
2026(7).
doi:
10.1007/JHEP07(2026)152.
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This paper reports a search for decays of long-lived charginos or τ-sleptons to final states containing a short disappearing track, a single high-energy jet, and missing transverse momentum. The search uses 137 fb−1 of data from 13 TeV proton–proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the LHC. Multiple search regions are defined, all requiring the presence of a track reconstructed from either three or four measurements in the innermost layers of the ATLAS detector. Regions with tracks having only three measurements are further characterised by the absence or presence of a low-energy charged pion reconstructed using a dedicated algorithm, leveraging machine learning. Data-driven methods are used to estimate the background contributions in the search regions. No significant excesses are found and 95% CL lower limits are placed on the masses of charginos and τ-sleptons in the lifetime range 0.01–10 ns. Observed (expected) mass limits of up to 225 GeV (250 GeV) are set for pure-higgsino charginos in scenarios with lifetimes below 0.03 ns, where the electroweakino mass splitting is entirely due to loop corrections involving the Standard Model bosons, and up to 720 GeV (840 GeV) for charginos with a lifetime of around 1 ns. For wino production, charginos with masses up to 880 GeV (1020 GeV) are excluded for lifetimes of around 1 ns. For τ-sleptons with lifetimes of around 1 ns, masses are excluded up to 320 GeV (390 GeV) in Constrained Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model scenarios and 300 GeV (380 GeV) in Gauge-Mediated Supersymmetry-Breaking scenarios.
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Binde, Cornelia Mentzoni; Plaza-Faverola, Andreia; Bünz, S. & Planke, S.
(2026).
Hydrothermal Vent Complexes Associated With the Infinity Sill (Vøring Basin, Offshore Norway).
Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Solid Earth.
ISSN 2169-9313.
131(10).
doi:
10.1029/2026jb034094.
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The emplacement of igneous sill intrusions induces rapid heating of host rocks, generating fluids that migrate through structures known as hydrothermal vent complexes (HTVCs). While sill geometry and permeability are considered important factors controlling fluid migration around igneous sill intrusions, the precise mechanisms controlling vent distribution remain unclear. To improve the understanding of the primary controls on the final distribution of HTVCs, we are using a 3D seismic data set from the Mid‐Norwegian margin to analyze HTVCs associated with the ∼56 Ma Infinity Sill. The sill covers 237 km 2 and is associated with 79 HTVCs, 25 of which are classified as mini‐vents. The HTVCs have outer diameters ranging between ∼0.1–2.7 km, are separated by spacings between ∼1.2–4.8 km, have conduit heights ranging between ∼0.6–1.1 km, and variable upper terminations. Our analysis reveals a large‐scale fluid migration pattern dominated by venting along the sill margins and above the sill interior, controlled by factors such as the fluid generation potential around the sill, the density of local highs in the sill interior as well as the mode and heights of sill transgression. Sill geometry is thus found to affect the formation, size and spacing of HTVCs, and is interpreted to constitute a primary control on the final distribution and morphological characteristics of HTVCs. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of subsurface fluid dynamics associated with sill intrusions emplaced in organic‐rich strata and have broader implications for understanding the climatic effects of hydrothermal venting at the Paleocene‐Eocene transition.
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Zwalinski, L.; Zorbas, T. G.; Zografos, A.; Zoch, K.; Zoccoli, A. & Živković, L.
[Vis alle 2 855 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Breaking barriers: the impact of ATLAS Virtual Visits in science communication.
The European Physical Journal Plus.
141(7).
doi:
10.1140/epjp/s13360-026-07771-w.
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The ATLAS Collaboration at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider is at the forefront of particle physics research and is equally committed to bridging the gap between cutting-edge science and the wider public. Since 2010, the ATLAS Virtual Visits programme has provided live, interactive tours of the ATLAS detector and control room to global audiences in their language, without the need to travel. The programme has grown significantly since its inception, as demonstrated by quantitative data collected since January 2019 and case studies of large-scale implementations in Brazil and Greece. The impact on individual participants is also discussed.
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Book, Pauline; Tandberg, Cato & Haug, Berit S
(2026).
Representasjoner og modeller i naturfag: teorier og undervisningsmuligheter.
I Book, Pauline & Tandberg, Cato (Red.),
Representasjoner i naturfag.
Scandinavian University Press (SCUP).
ISSN 9788294167463.
s. 19–42.
doi:
https:/www.scup.com/doi/10.18261/9788294167463-26-01.
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Kapittelet omhandler representasjoner og modeller og sammenhengene mellom dem. Vi redegjør for sentrale begreper knyttet til representasjoner og sosialsemiotikk, og vi gir et overblikk over arbeid med modeller i naturfag og hvordan dette har utviklet seg de senere årene. På bakgrunn av en narrativ litteraturstudie undersøker kapittelet spesielt tre tema som er sentrale i praksisorientert naturfagdidaktisk forskning: multimodalt arbeid med representasjoner, lærerinitiativ og aktiv deltakelse. For å synliggjøre hvordan disse temaene kan komme til uttrykk i ulike undervisningspraksiser, viser vi til eksempler fra fem utvalgte studier som omhandler representasjoner og modeller i naturfag. Sosialsemiotisk teori står frem som sentral, og multimodalitet og affordans peker seg ut som viktige begreper i elevers prosess med å skape mening om naturfaglige fenomener og prosesser. Kapittelet løfter frem meningsskaping som en kreativ prosess forankret i elevenes tidligere erfaringer. Forskningsfeltene innenfor modellering og representasjoner ser ut til å nærme seg hverandre gjennom delt oppmerksomhet overfor heterogenitet og ressursorientert undervisning, åpne oppgaver og bevisst vektlegging av elevers aktørskap.
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Solé-Daura, Albert; González, Lucía Morán; Apaloo-Messan, Edmond & Maseras, Feliu
(2026).
EASIQ-Marcus: An Automated Workflow for Applying Marcus Theory to Computational Chemistry Output Files.
Journal of Computational Chemistry.
ISSN 0192-8651.
47(27).
doi:
10.1002/jcc.70513.
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Aad, G.; Aakvaag, Erlend; Abbott, B.; Abdelhameed, S.; Abeling, K. & Abicht, N. J.
[Vis alle 2 928 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Measurement of the azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles in √sNN = 5.36 TeV<sup>16</sup>O+<sup>16</sup>O and<sup>20</sup>Ne+<sup>20</sup>Ne collisions with the ATLAS detector.
Physical Review C.
ISSN 2469-9985.
113(4).
doi:
10.1103/XQXZ-8BHF.
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Petersen, Clemens; Vogt, Sofie; Fernandez, Javier Garcia; Vines, Lasse; Kano, Taisei & Grundmann, Marius
[Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Single-domain, semiconducting κ-Ga2O3 grown on isostructural ε-GaFeO3 templates.
Applied Physics Letters.
ISSN 0003-6951.
129(17).
doi:
10.1063/5.0343866.
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The epitaxial growth of a phase-pure, single-domain, semiconducting κ-Ga2O3 thin film is demonstrated. Multiferroic ε-GaFeO3, being isostructural to κ-Ga2O3, was used as a substrate and was initially covered by a high-temperature MIST-CVD κ-Ga2O3 seed layer. Subsequently, tin-assisted pulsed laser deposition at 550 °C was applied to grow the single-crystalline epilayer with a thickness of 400 nm. The structural properties were investigated by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. A reciprocal space map revealed that the κ-Ga2O3 layer sustains residual strain and is only partially relaxed. Consistently, misfit dislocations were observed, indicating ongoing but incomplete strain relaxation. Secondary ion mass spectrometry confirmed efficient Sn incorporation and revealed Fe diffusion from the ε-GaFeO3 substrate. The Fe impurities segregate predominantly at the advancing growth front, resulting in only moderate bulk compensation of the κ-Ga2O3/ε-GaFeO3 layer. Temperature-dependent in-plane transport measurements revealed freeze out of free electrons with activation energies of Ea,1=48 meV and Ea,2=253 meV at intermediate and high temperatures, respectively. No measurable in-plane conductivity was observed for a reference sample deposited on c-plane sapphire, which exhibited in-plane rotational domains and nanocolumnar growth. These results demonstrate that epitaxial growth on isostructural ε-GaFeO3 enables single-crystalline, semiconducting κ-Ga2O3 and establishes the κ-Ga2O3/ε-GaFeO3 heterostructure as a promising platform for exploring polarization-charge-induced two-dimensional electron gases in multifunctional ferroelectric/ferrimagnetic oxide systems.
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Oddekalv, Mathilde Wiktoria Hauge; Berhe, Saron; Beumer, Larissa Teresa; Dahlmo, Lotte S.; Velle, Gaute & Haraldstad, Tormod
[Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Seasonal presence, movements and behaviour of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in Isfjorden, Svalbard.
Journal of Fish Biology.
ISSN 0022-1112.
doi:
10.1111/jfb.70681.
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Atlantification is increasing the inflow of warm, salty Atlantic water into the Arctic region. The fjords on the western coast of Svalbard are experiencing Atlantification, enabling boreal species, such as Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua ), to expand their distribution northwards. Monitoring the seasonal occurrence and behaviour of species like Atlantic cod in Arctic fjords is therefore key for understanding how ocean warming may restructure Arctic ecosystems and affect native prey species like polar cod ( Boreogadus saida ), supporting improved management under climate change. By using acoustic telemetry, this study investigated the seasonal presence and movement patterns of 27 Atlantic cod in Isfjorden, Svalbard, over the course of 1 year, from August 2023 to August 2024. Atlantic cod showed seasonal changes in vertical distribution in Isfjorden, occurring at greater depths during winter and closer to the surface during summer. Their occurrence was also more frequent along the shoreline of the fjord. Furthermore, we observed that some of the Atlantic cod left the fjord during the winter months, and few individuals were observed returning, suggesting seasonal use of the fjord. Genomic analyses suggest that the Atlantic cod sampled include specimens that are genetically more similar to the non‐migratory Norwegian coastal cod as well as individuals that display genetic signals characteristic for the well‐known migratory Northeast Arctic cod. Remarkably, 2 years after tagging, one of the specimens, displaying a genomic signal most often associated with the non‐migratory coastal cod, was caught in Lofoten. Our findings highlight the potential shift in movement patterns and usage of Isfjorden as a habitat for the iconic migratory ecotype in recent years, but they underscore the need for further studies to illuminate the coupling of the genomic characteristics and their altered migratory behaviour. Finally, our study exemplifies how climate change is reshaping Arctic food webs.
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González, Saúl Fernández; Pedersen, Mina Young & Smets, Sonja
(2026).
Social Networks Through Time: Completeness of Temporal Network Logic.
I Orlandini, AndreA & Pinchinat, Sophie (Red.),
33rd International Symposium on Temporal Representation and Reasoning (TIME 2026).
Wadern : Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2025.
ISSN 9783959774482.
s. 5:1–5:21.
doi:
10.4230/OASICS.TIME.2026.5.
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The framework of Temporal Network Logic (TNL) - first introduced in [Pedersen et al., 2021] and further developed in [Pedersen et al., 2023; Mina Young Pedersen, 2024] - was construed to model how a social network of interacting agents changes through time, with a language that could reflect both agents' actions, such as posting information and following each other, as well as temporal operators. This framework allows, among other things, to detect social bots, by modelling given bot behaviours as logical formulas and checking these formulas against a given model. While such applications were the main focus in [Pedersen et al., 2021; Pedersen et al., 2023; Mina Young Pedersen, 2024], the complete axiomatic system of this language has remained an open problem. In this paper, we focus on new logic-technical results and give a complete axiomatisation for TNL as well as a partial completeness result for its hybrid extension. The proofs are nonstandard and mix techniques from temporal and hybrid logics with "orthogonal" models.
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Sequeira-Murillo, Francisco; Rosero, Viviana; Marvil, Joshua; Fedriani, Ruben; Zhang, Yichen & Gorai, Prasanta
[Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
SOMA: The SOFIA Massive Radio Survey. III. Radio Emission from Intermediate-mass Protostars.
The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ).
ISSN 0004-637X.
1010(2).
doi:
10.3847/1538-4357/ae95fe.
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We present results from Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array radio-continuum observations of 12 intermediate-mass (IM) protostars, as part of the SOFIA Massive Star Formation Survey. Using these observations, we studied their morphology, multiplicity, and radio spectral energy distributions (SEDs). Across our target regions, we resolve multiple compact sources and report eight new detections, four of which are entirely new and four that have counterparts at other wavelengths, but are detected here for the first time at radio frequencies. Based on radio morphologies and spectral indices, we assess the nature of the detected sources, highlighting seven that display jetlike structures and spectral indices consistent with ionized jets. Combining our results with the SOMA Radio I and II results, we expand the overall sample to 29 protostars, covering a bolometric luminosity range from Lbol ∼ 102 to 106 L⊙. These sources help define a potential evolutionary sequence in the radio versus bolometric luminosity diagram. IM protostars have radio luminosities that are lower than expected from a simple power-law extrapolation from low-mass protostars. However, this result is consistent with theoretical expectations from protostellar evolution models, which show low levels of photoionization and reduced shock ionization emission due to expanded stellar radii during this phase. Overall our expanded SOMA Radio sample provides new constraints on theoretical models of massive protostellar evolution, especially the connection to ionized gas structures.
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Salucci, Clara Bertinelli; Reiersrud, Hedvig Borgen; Read, A. L.; Kvellestad, Anders & Bin, Riccardo De
(2026).
The asymptotic distribution of the likelihood ratio test statistic in two-peak discovery experiments.
European Physical Journal C.
ISSN 1434-6044.
86(10).
doi:
10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16439-9.
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Abstract Likelihood ratio tests are widely used in high-energy physics, where the test statistic is usually assumed to follow a chi-squared distribution with a number of degrees of freedom specified by Wilks’ theorem. This assumption breaks down when parameters such as signal or coupling strengths are restricted to be non-negative and their values under the null hypothesis lie on the boundary of the parameter space. Based on a recent clarification concerning the correct asymptotic distribution of the likelihood ratio test statistic for cases where two of the parameters are on the boundary, we revisit the the question of significance estimation for two-peak signal-plus-background counting experiments. In the high-energy physics literature, such experiments are commonly analyzed using Wilks’ chi-squared distribution or the one-parameter Chernoff limit. We demonstrate that these approaches can lead to strongly miscalibrated significances, and that the test statistic distribution is instead well described by a chi-squared mixture with weights determined by the Fisher information matrix. Our results highlight the need for boundary-aware asymptotics in the analysis of two-peak counting experiments.
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Hubin, Aliaksandr & Storvik, Geir Olve
(2026).
Estimating the marginal likelihood with Integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA).
Journal of Reproducible Statistics.
1(1),
s. 1–13.
doi:
10.68365/jrepstat.2026.9.
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The marginal likelihood is a well established model selection criterion in Bayesian statistics. It also allows to efficiently calculate the marginal posterior model probabilities that can be used for Bayesian model averaging of quantities of interest. For many complex models, including latent modeling approaches, marginal likelihoods are however difficult to compute. One recent promising approach for approximating the marginal likelihood is Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA), designed for models with latent Gaussian structures. In this study we compare the approximations obtained with INLA to alternative approaches across a progression of models of varying complexity. In particular, we evaluate a simple linear latent model with exact analytical truth, a Bayesian linear regression model, probit and logit Bayesian regression models, a longitudinal Poisson generalized linear mixed model, and two extra simulation scenarios designed to probe the limits of the latent Gaussian approximation.
Se alle arbeider i NVA
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Nøland, Jonas Kristiansen & Guttormsen, Atle
(2026).
Hva koster egentlig kjernekraft? | DN.
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Kjernekraft og vannkraft er investeringer med svært lang levetid og kan levere billig kraft i generasjoner etter at de er nedbetalt. Vi taper på å se bort fra det.
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Nøland, Jonas Kristiansen & Guttormsen, Atle
(2026).
Kjernekraften fanges i feil regnestykke | DN.
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En seilbåt er billigere enn en motorbåt, men det betyr ikke at en seilbåt i seg selv er lønnsomt for samfunnet, sier innleggsforfatterne.
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Nøland, Jonas Kristiansen & Guttormsen, Atle
(2026).
Bagatelliserer «energikrisen» | DN.
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Norge kan bygge ut kraftproduksjon som er betydelig dyrere enn i andre land og fortsatt være konkurransedyktig.
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Dahle, Lars & Holm, Sverre
(2026).
Lars Levi Læstadius, botanikk og vekkelse – med Sverre Holm (4:4) | Apologetikkprofessoren - Spotify.
doi:
https:/open.spotify.com/episode/1yN8V1E5oxr8eVPXZi0IpA.
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Lars Levi Læstadius var både en innflytelsesrik vekkelsespredikant og en anerkjent botaniker. I denne episoden fortsetter samtalene mellom Sverre Holm og Lars Dahle om sentrale kristne naturforskere med utgangspunkt i Vitenskap med overtoner (Veritas, 2025).
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Haualand, Kristine Flacké; Pontoppidan, Marie; Åkesson, Henning & Sauter, Tobias
(2026).
Glacier thinning causes warmer and drier regional climate at the Jostedalsbreen ice cap´.
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Jha, Gautam
(2026).
Everything, Everywhere, All at Once: Developing chemical lenses from first principles to ML architectures.
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A molecule does not look the same to every eye, as theoreticians we are not only writing the
codes but also developing these lenses. In this talk, I will discuss three chemical lenses probing
different scales of chemistry in a molecule. Everything: Looking through a quantum macro lens,
we can ask what extra details we are missing. Sen and Tellgren found one such missing piece
- kinetic energy anisotropy. Now, along with Dr. Tellgren, I am trying to incorporate anisotropy
into designing a new rung of DFT functional. Everywhere: Through a wide angle lens, I wanted
to know the chemical phenomenons at a larger scale in a molecule so I developed a framework for
generating semi-empirical parameters for studying interaction of actinide fuel salts in a molten salt
reactor. All at Once: Machine learning is analogues to a high speed cinematic engine, which have
the potential to capture chemical phenomenons happening at once, such as chemical reactions. I
have developed KEN, a multi-modal ML architecture to capture local electronic environments
for studying chemical reactions in strongly correlated systems.
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Zwalinski, L.; Zormpa, O.; Zorbas, T. G.; Zografos, A.; Zoch, K. & Zoccoli, A.
[Vis alle 2 854 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Publisher Correction: Calibration of the jet energy scale and resolution of small-radius jets using semileptonic tt¯ events with the ATLAS detector.
European Physical Journal C.
ISSN 1434-6044.
86(10).
doi:
10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16348-x.
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In the originally published article, several typographical and formatting errors were identified. In the PDF version, on page 10 (bottom left), the terms “POWHEGinterfaced” and
“POWHEGsettings” should read “POWHEGinterfaced” and “POWHEG settings”, respectively. In the online version, instances of “T{eV}” and “G{eV}” throughout the text should
read “TeV” and “GeV”, respectively. The publisher regrets these errors and any inconvenience they may have caused.
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Li, Lu; Xie, Kun; Chen, Hua; Sobolowski, Stefan Pieter; Paasche, Øyvind & Xu, Chong-Yu
(2026).
Is bias correction necessary for CPRCM-driven flood simulation in mountainous region?
doi:
10.5194/egusphere-egu26-14380.
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Convection-permitting regional climate models (CPRCMs) at kilometer scale can better represent intense precipitation, yet their added value for flood-risk applications is still limited and often inconsistent. A key reason is the presence of systematic biases in precipitation and temperature over complex terrain, which may strongly affect hydrological response. To address whether bias correction is necessary when using CPRCM forcing for flood modelling in complex terrain, we run WRF-Hydro with raw and bias-corrected 3-km HCLIM3 precipitation and temperature for two contrasting basins spanning coastal to mountainous terrain in western Norway: Røykenes (coastal, rainfall-driven floods) and Bulken (mountainous, snowmelt-influenced floods). We further compare two widely used bias-correction approaches, i.e., Quantile Mapping (QM) and Distribution Delta Mapping (DDM), applied to precipitation and temperature prior to the hydrological simulations.
The results show that bias correction reduces mean biases in both variables, but its effectiveness depends on basin type and metric. In Røykenes basin, QM does not adequately correct annual maximum 1-hour precipitation, whereas DDM provides a better adjustment of extreme precipitation. For temperature, the correction reduces absolute bias relative to raw HCLIM3 but also shifts the bias from cold to warm. In terms of hydrological performance, raw HCLIM3 forcing already yields a small flood-peak bias in Røykenes basin (~3% underestimation), while bias-corrected forcing can further worse this peak underestimation. In Bulken basin, temperature correction improves both flood peaks and flood seasonality, underscoring the strong sensitivity of snowmelt-influenced floods to temperature errors. By contrast, precipitation correction in this mountainous basin degrades flood-simulation skill. Overall, our results show that CPRCM forcing can be highly informative for flood simulations, but the benefits depend on process regime: temperature correction is critical for snowmelt-dominated basins, while precipitation correction over mountains requires particular caution.
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Nielsen, Pål Ringkjøb; Bakke, Jostein; Paasche, Øyvind; Cederstrøm, Jan Magne; Hardeng, Johannes & Young, George Edward
(2026).
Holocene flood frequency at Vangsvatnet, western Norway, reconstructed from lake sediments.
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Instrumental records reveal an increase in precipitation in Norway over the past 120 years, with a marked rise after 1980 CE, leading to more frequent and severe floods—a trend consistent across Europe. Palaeoflood reconstructions from Southern Norway indicate non-stationary flood frequencies over the Holocene, with a notable regime shift around 4000 years ago. However, the seasonal drivers of these floods remain poorly understood. This study presents an 8000-year flood record from Lake Vangsvatnet, Western Norway, combining high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scanning, X-ray fluorescence (XRF), grain size analysis, and radiocarbon dating to differentiate between seasonal flood deposits (spring snowmelt vs. autumn rainfall).
The 11-meter sediment core reveals distinct flood layers classified as minerogenic (M), organic (O), and mixed (MO), linked to varying hydrological conditions. Historical discharge data (1892–2016 CE) validate the sedimentary record, with O-layers corresponding to spring/snowmelt floods and M/MO-layers to autumn/rainfall-induced events. The record shows fluctuating flood frequencies, with peaks at 6000–5300 and 1400 cal yr BP to present. A seasonal shift from rainfall-dominated to snowmelt-dominated floods occurred around 3100 cal yr BP, coinciding with regional cooling. The last 500 years exhibit the highest flood frequency of the entire record. These findings highlight the sensitivity of flood regimes to climatic and anthropogenic forcings. Under future warming, reduced snowpack may diminish spring floods, while intensified autumn rainfall could increase flood risks.
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Dannevig, Halvor; Løseth, Kristin; Lunde, Albert; Isaksen, Ketil & Etzelmüller, Bernd
(2026).
Norske fjell blir farlegare.
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Det som før var ein enkel fjelltur, kan brått bli livsfarleg.
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Eayrs, Clare; Labe, Zachary; Massonnet, Francois; Tian, Tian & Müller, Malte
(2026).
Reliable AI Sea Ice Forecasts Depend on Sustained Observations.
EOS.
ISSN 0096-3941.
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Sea ice is a fundamental regulator of Earth’s climate and an increasingly urgent forecast target itself. Can we trust the AI systems now being built to predict it?
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Finbråten, Hanne Søberg; Berrefjord, Peder Rignes; Guttersrud, Øystein & Le, Christopher
(2026).
Toward Equitable Healthcare – Health Literacy Responsiveness in Hospitals.
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Dahle, Lars & Holm, Sverre
(2026).
Leonhard Euler, den kreative matematikeren – med Sverre Holm (4:3) | Apologetikkprofessoren - Spotify.
doi:
https:/open.spotify.com/episode/7EAhDo185Ufb6e53LYNh0S.
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Episoden utforsker hvordan matematikeren Leonhard Euler forente banebrytende vitenskap med en tydelig kristen tro, og forsvarte Jesu oppstandelse og Bibelens troverdighet. Samtalen mellom fysiker Sverre Holm og teolog Lars Dahle drøfter også hvordan synet på forholdet mellom tro og vitenskap har preget ettertidens fremstilling av Euler.
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Østbøll, Kathrine Krüger; Guttersrud, Øystein; Alasoow, Falastin; Wångdahl, Josefin & Finbråten, Hanne Søberg
(2026).
The value of conducting cross-cultural validation studies with a mixed methods design - examples from the HLS19-survey.
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Gunnersen, Liv; Lie, Marit Fossholt; Guttersrud, Øystein; Le, Christopher & Finbråten, Hanne Søberg
(2026).
Sammenhengen mellom helsetjenesterelatert helsekompetanse, bruk av helsetjenester og helserelatert livskvalitet blant personer med langvarig sykdom.
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Bøe, Maria Vetleseter & Sørborg, Øystein
(2026).
Kjerner og stjerner.
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Vi presenterer «Kjerner og stjerner», en interaktiv, digital læringssti på viten.no om dannelse av grunnstoff i stjerner og stjernekollisjoner. viten.no/kjerner-og-stjerner
Målgruppe: Fysikk programfag
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Lefevre, Sjannie
(2026).
Molecular and mitochondrial adaptations of anoxia-tolerant crucian carp.
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Boeker, Matthias; Swarbrick, Dana; Côté-Allard, Ulysse Teller Masao; P., Adam, Marc T.; Hammer, Hugo Lewi & Halvorsen, Pål
(2026).
The Climber's Grip -- Personalized Deep Learning Models for Fear and Muscle Activity in Climbing.
doi:
https:/arxiv.org/pdf/2603.26575.
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Abstract page for arXiv paper 2603.26575:
Climbing is a multifaceted sport that combines physical demands
and emotional and cognitive challenges. Ascent styles differ in fall
distance with lead climbing involving larger falls than top rope climb-
ing, which may result in different perceived risk and fear. In this
study, we investigated the psychophysiological relationship between
perceived fear and muscle activity in climbers using a combination
of statistical modeling and deep learning techniques. We conducted
an experiment with 19 climbers, collecting electromyography (EMG),
electrocardiography (ECG) and arm motion data during lead and top
rope climbing. Perceived fear ratings were collected for the different
phases of the climb. Using a linear mixed-effects model, we analyzed
the relationships between perceived fear and physiological measures.
To capture the non-linear dynamics of this relationship, we extended
our analysis to deep learning models and integrated random effects for
a personalized modeling approach. Our results showed that random
effects improved model performance of the mean squared error (MSE),
mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE).
The results showed that muscle fatigue correlates significantly with
increased fear during lead climbing. This study highlights the potential
of combining statistical and deep learning approaches for modeling
the interplay between psychological and physiological states during
climbing.
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Kirkhus, Trine; Bakken, Marianne; Gerhardsen, Martin Eek; Ivarsen, Peter Ørnulf; Winsvold, Jonatan & Spreemann, Gard
[Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Capturing Realistic Human Body 3D Data - An Open Dataset and Pipeline for Absolute Anthropometric Measurement.
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In order to make realistic and individualized digital human body models, absolute real-world measurements
are needed. We share an open dataset consisting of 360° 3D scans, including raw point cloud data, 2D
silhouette images and anthropometrics from twelve individuals. The dataset spans a wide range of human
shapes and body mass indexes.
We present a portable 3D imaging rig that captures 360° point clouds of humans at up to 30 frames per
second. The system is designed to balance data quality, acquisition speed, cost and ease of setup and use.
We introduce an automated online extrinsic calibration using jointly observed landmarks to simultaneously
calibrate all 3D cameras and tools to perform anthropometric measurements from the point cloud data.
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Svensen, Henrik Hovland
(2026).
Masseutryddelser og klimaendringer gjennom de siste 500 millioner år.
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Dodd, Paul A.; Alterskjær, Hans Erik; Basedow, Sünnje L.; Bratrein, Marius; Carlsen, Tim & Cautain, Ivan J.
[Vis alle 29 forfattere av denne artikkelen]
(2026).
Eurasian Basin Transect 2026 Cruise Report.
doi:
10.7557/ph.8944.
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The Eurasian Basin Transect 2026 cruise (EBT2026; ID 2026007011) was conducted 23 July–10 September 2026. Its geographical coverage included the Nansen and Amundsen Basins, the adjacent Lomonosov Ridge and Southeastern Makarov Basin, including the full width of the Transpolar Drift current. Throughout the cruise, a comprehensive set of physical, chemical, and biological observations was collected from multiple components of the Arctic system, including the atmosphere, ocean, sea ice, and sea floor.
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Cascella, Michele
(2026).
Antimicrobial peptide activity by induced lipid dynamics - new insights on functional mechanisms by combined experimental and computational investigations.
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Tveito, Marit & Stensæth, Karette
(2026).
Musikkterapi (om temaet i podkasten Psykiateren).
[Radio].
Podkasten Psykiateren.
doi:
https:/podcasts.apple.com/no/podcast/psykiateren/id1707376672?l=nb&i=1000797553566.
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Karette Annie Stensæth er professor i musikkterapi og leder for Senter for forskning i musikk og helse. De siste årene har hun drevet mange prosjekter innen musikk og demens, og hun har mer enn 20 års erfaring med musikkterapi for barn og unge i sårbare livssituasjoner. I denne episoden får du høre om hva musikk kan bety for den psykiske helsen. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
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Claussen, Lasse & Divin, Yaroslav Dmitrievich
(2026).
Characterization of an Ionospheric double-probe Electric Field Instrument.
Universitetet i Oslo.
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Electric fields are important in plasma due to the integral role they play in particle acceleration and energy transfer. A method to measure electric fields is the double-probe instrument which consists of two current biased probes that measure the potential at the probe location, between which the electric field can be calculated. University of Oslo has developed such an instrument that has the current biasing capabilities for more accurate measurements that is yet to be tested. This instrument was calibrated and tested in simulated ionospheric conditions utilizing a plasma chamber with a source of ionized gas. The main findings were that the effective potential span of the instrument is around $\pm3.8\space \text{V}$, which is lower than designed for, and that the bias current produced is insufficient for the ionospheric conditions. Several other error sources have been identified such as grounding, probes with differing work functions, and overly simple characteristic equation. Several improvements can be done in future tests, such as calculating a more realistic and appropriate characteristic equation, utilize probes with same work functions with a more common probe arrangement, and attempt test with the grounding of the measurement equipment on a object submerged in plasma, to simulate the ionospheric conditions more closely.
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Grønli, Tor-Morten & Berglind, Geir V.
(2026).
Business Value in Finance Using Quantum Computing.A Focus on Risk Modeling and Simulation.
Universitetet i Oslo.
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Financial institutions operating under Basel III/IV face a computationally demanding challenge in market risk management: Monte Carlo simulation of regulatory risk metrics, including Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) and Value at Risk (VaR), converges at O(1/√N), creating significant computational bottlenecks across large, multi-asset trading books. Quantum computing has been proposed as a technology capable of fundamentally altering this cost structure through quantum amplitude estimation, which offers a provably quadratic speedup over classical Monte Carlo. However, the degree to which this theoretical advantage translates into demonstrable business value, and under what conditions and over what timeline, remains insufficiently examined in the literature.
This thesis investigates the business value of quantum computing for financial risk modeling and simulation through a structured theoretical and literaturebased analysis, supplemented by a qualitative instrumental case study of DNB Bank ASA, Norway’s largest financial institution. The analysis is organized around three supporting sub-questions addressing the theoretical quantum advantage, the near-term hardware constraints that limit it, and the technical and organizational conditions for business value realization across a staged technology maturity roadmap.
The analysis establishes three principal findings. First, the quadratic speedup of quantum amplitude estimation for CVaR and VaR estimation is unconditionally provable within the quantum oracle model and maps directly onto regulatory risk metrics mandated under the Fundamental Review of the Trading Book. Second, current NISQ-era hardware cannot realize this advantage at production scale: gate error rates and coherence-limited circuit depth constrain practical performance to proof-of-concept problem sizes, and hybrid variational approaches trade provable speedup for hardware compatibility. Third, business value materializes in stages: indirect strategic value in the near term (Horizon1: 2024–2028); selective operational advantage as early fault-tolerant hardware emerges (Horizon 2: 2028–2032); and full operational deployment as faulttolerant
systems mature (Horizon 3: 2032+).
This thesis concludes that quantum risk modeling represents a staged, conditional business opportunity whose long-term value is theoretically assured but whose timeline is hardware-dependent. Because the organizational readiness required to capture that value, namely specialized talent, validated models, integration architecture, and regulatory acceptance, has a multi-year lead time that the hardware does not, organizational readiness for Horizons 2 and 3 must be built during Horizon 1, and the appropriate posture for an institution today is option-oriented preparation rather than either large-scale deployment or indefinite deferral. The DNB case study grounds this conclusion in the governance structures and risk computation parameters of a real systemically important bank. Recommendations are provided for financial institutions, regulators, and the research community.
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Raklev, Are; Kvellestad, Anders & Roverso, Emma Ellinor
(2026).
Event Generation for Vector Boson Fusion. Implementing VBF Production of Neutralinos in PYTHIA.
Universitetet i Oslo.
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We explore the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model scenario with a compressed mass spectrum between the lightest and next-to-lightest supersymmetric particles. Detection of a supersymmetric signal in this case would be difficult with conventional searches, so we look into vector boson fusion as a possible channel for detection. For this purpose we calculate a first approximation to the amplitude of neutralino production through vector boson fusion. The amplitude is then implemented in PYTHIA after modifications to the framework to accommodate four final-state particles. To increase the efficiency of the Monte Carlo integration we build a phase-space generator tailored to the vector boson fusion topology. Comparison of the new phase-space generator against RAMBO shows that it produces samples in the expected regions, but does not increase the efficiency as hoped. Finally, we test the amplitude and tailored phase-space generator separately, confirming that the phase-space generator is valid, but obtaining inconclusive results for the amplitude.
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Ravinet, Mark; Jimeno, Blanca & Solano, Sophia Hurtado
(2026).
Epigenetic potential and migration propensity in Eurasian Passer sparrows.
Universitetet i Oslo.
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Epigenetic potential is defined as the susceptibility of a genome to undergo epigenetic processes that may mediate phenotypic variation. One of the most studied epigenetic mechanisms is DNA methylation, which in vertebrates occurs in cytosines that occur before guanines (i.e. CpG sites) within the genome. The number of CpG sites appearing in the genome show variation among individuals and species. Therefore, this number may be considered a form of epigenetic potential, under the prediction that an increased number of CpG sites could allow for more DNA methylation to occur, which can modulate gene expression and as a result, plasticity. As such, individuals and/or populations facing changing environments may benefit from having a higher epigenetic potential, as this could provide the plasticity necessary to quickly adjust this variability.
Passer sparrows present a wide range of migratory behavior patterns at both intra- and interpopulation levels. This could point to a high degree of phenotypic plasticity, thereby making the Passer system a good novel target of study for epigenetic potential through whole genome comparisons. Previous studies evaluating epigenetic potential via CpG site number in the house sparrow have mainly focused on specific immune genes or genome regions, while whole genome evaluation for this trait has only been conducted in one pied flycatcher study, and it has yet to be looked at comparing closely related species. Therefore, to investigate whether epigenetic potential is a measure linked to variation in movement behavior like migration, it is valuable to examine epigenetic potential across the entire genome for these species.
In this thesis, we evaluated and compared levels of whole genome epigenetic potential, quantified as relative CpG abundance, in Eurasian Passer sparrows with differing migration propensities. Five species (including two sub-species) of Eurasian Passer sparrows were analyzed, as well as three migration propensities, using a custom epigenetic potential estimation pipeline and linear mixed models. We identified that whole genome epigenetic potential varies significantly among closely related Passer taxa. However, this variation may align more closely with genomic background than with migratory propensity. We reflect on how our findings can shed light on future work with plasticity in anthropogenic and changing environments, and encourage more research into using epigenetic potential as a genomic indicator of phenotypic plasticity.
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Åsmund, Bakketun; Müller, Malte; Blyverket, Jostein & Berntsen, Terje Koren
(2026).
Improving weather prediction through advanced initialisation and representation of the land surface.
Universitetet i Oslo.
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Accurate weather forecasts are important for society through severe weather warnings, power management and general planning. With a changing climate, weather patterns are expected to change with extremes becoming more frequent and more severe. Severe weather impacts living creatures and infrastructure at the surface, making the surface-atmosphere interface crucial for forecasting such events. Numerical weather prediction systems use complex surface models to simulate mass and energy exchanges, but there remains significant potential to enhance surface representation in operational forecasting models.
This thesis aims to improve surface conditions in operational weather prediction models. In the first study, the land-atmosphere coupling over the Nordic region is assessed during a high-impact precipitation event. This is done by introducing an alternative initialisation method for the land surface. The study shows the importance of accurate land initialisation for convective precipitation events over the region, which is commonly found to have weak landatmosphere coupling. By introducing more realistic initial conditions for surface variables, the spatial accuracy of heavy rainfall is improved and errors in 2-metre temperature and humidity are reduced. The second study targets the importance of surface conditions in data-driven weather prediction models. This is done by adding more surface descriptors to the model input. This enables the model to account for local effects not captured by the reference model and improves forecasts of near-surface variables. Finally, in the third study, we improve estimates of the seasonal snowpack over the Arctic region by implementing a more advanced method for snow data assimilation. The method distributes snow depth measurements horizontally and vertically within a multi-layer snowpack model, and consistently across state variables. It also enables multivariate assimilation of other surface state variables, which can further increase consistency.
In summary, this thesis contributes to operational weather prediction by advancing initialisation methods and the representation of surface conditions within both traditional and data-driven models, showing measurable improvements in forecasts of high-impact and local weather. The findings are particularly important for high-resolution limited area weather forecasting in the Nordic and Arctic regions, which have highly heterogeneous surface conditions, complex topography and seasonal snow cover.
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Jakobsen, Kjetill Sigurd; Jentoft, Sissel; Tørresen, Ole Kristian; Hoff, Siv Nam Khang & Hagen, Anette Korsnes
(2026).
Novel Insight into the Genomic Differentiation and Chromosomal Inversions in Codfishes: Focusing on Saithe (Pollachius virens).
Universitetet i Oslo.
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--- Abstract and files will be published: 2027-09-07
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