Inger Skrede

• Simpson, Hunter J.; Andrew, Carrie; Skrede, Inger; Kauserud, Håvard & Schilling, Jonathan S. (2024). Global field collection data confirm an affinity of brown rot fungi for coniferous habitats and substrates. New Phytologist. ISSN 0028-646X. doi: 10.1111/nph.19723.
• Skrede, Inger; Løken, Solveig Bua; Mathiesen, Cecilie & Schumacher, Trond Kristian (2023). Additions to the knowledge of the genus Helvella in Europe. New records and de novo description of five species from the Nordic region. Fungal Systematics and Evolution. ISSN 2589-3831. 11, s. 71–84. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2023.11.06. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kinneberg, Vilde Bruhn; Lü, Dabao Sun; Peris, David; Ravinet, Mark & Skrede, Inger (2023). Introgression between highly divergent fungal sister species. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. ISSN 1010-061X. 36(8), s. 1133–1149. doi: 10.1111/jeb.14190. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Martin Sanchez, Pedro Maria; Nunez, Maria; Estensmo, Eva Lena Fjeld; Skrede, Inger & Kauserud, Håvard (2022). Comparison of Methods to Identify and Monitor Mold Damages in Buildings. Applied Sciences. ISSN 2076-3417. 12(18). doi: 10.3390/app12189372. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Cowan, Andrew J.; Skrede, Inger & Moody, Suzy Clare (2022). Cytochrome P450 Complement May Contribute to Niche Adaptation in Serpula Wood-Decay Fungi. Journal of fungi (JoF). ISSN 2309-608X. 8(3). doi: 10.3390/jof8030283. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Estensmo, Eva Lena Fjeld; Botnen, Synnøve Smebye; Maurice, Sundy; Martin Sanchez, Pedro Maria; Morgado, Luis & Engh, Ingeborg Bjorvand [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). The Indoor Mycobiomes of Daycare Centers Are Affected by Occupancy and Climate. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. ISSN 0099-2240. 88(6). doi: 10.1128/aem.02113-21. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Peris, David; Lü, Dabao Sun; Kinneberg, Vilde Bruhn; Methlie, Ine-Susanne Hopland; Stapnes Dahl, Malin & Y. James, Timothy [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Large-scale fungal strain sequencing unravels the molecular diversity in mating loci maintained by long-term balancing selection. PLoS Genetics. ISSN 1553-7390. 18(3). doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010097. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Balancing selection, an evolutionary force that retains genetic diversity, has been detected in multiple genes and organisms, such as the sexual mating loci in fungi. However, to quantify the strength of balancing selection and define the mating-related genes require a large number of strains. In tetrapolar basidiomycete fungi, sexual type is determined by two unlinked loci, MATA and MATB. Genes in both loci define mating type identity, control successful mating and completion of the life cycle. These loci are usually highly diverse. Previous studies have speculated, based on culture crosses, that species of the non-model genus Trichaptum (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) possess a tetrapolar mating system, with multiple alleles. Here, we sequenced a hundred and eighty strains of three Trichaptum species. We characterized the chromosomal location of MATA and MATB, the molecular structure of MAT regions and their allelic richness. The sequencing effort was sufficient to molecularly characterize multiple MAT alleles segregating before the speciation event of Trichaptum species. Analyses suggested that long-term balancing selection has generated trans-species polymorphisms. Mating sequences were classified in different allelic classes based on an amino acid identity (AAI) threshold supported by phylogenetics. 17,550 mating types were predicted based on the allelic classes. In vitro crosses allowed us to support the degree of allelic divergence needed for successful mating. Even with the high amount of divergence, key amino acids in functional domains are conserved. We conclude that the genetic diversity of mating loci in Trichaptum is due to long-term balancing selection, with limited recombination and duplication activity. The large number of sequenced strains highlighted the importance of sequencing multiple individuals from different species to detect the mating-related genes, the mechanisms generating diversity and the evolutionary forces maintaining them.

• Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik; Trucchi, Emiliano; Nordén, Jenni; Skrede, Inger; Miettinen, Otto & Haridas, Sajeet [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Population genomics of a forest fungus reveals high gene flow and climate adaptation signatures. Molecular Ecology. ISSN 0962-1083. 31(7), s. 1963–1979. doi: 10.1111/mec.16369. Vis sammendrag

  Genome sequencing of spatially distributed individuals sheds light on how evolution structures genetic variation. Populations of Phellopilus nigrolimitatus, a red-listed wood-inhabiting fungus associated with old-growth coniferous forests, have decreased in size over the last century due to a loss of suitable habitats. We assessed the population genetic structure and investigated local adaptation in P. nigrolimitatus, by establishing a reference genome and genotyping 327 individuals sampled from 24 locations in Northern Europe by RAD sequencing. We revealed a shallow population genetic structure, indicating large historical population sizes and high levels of gene flow. Despite this weak substructuring, two genetic groups were recognized; a western group distributed mostly in Norway and an eastern group covering most of Finland, Poland and Russia. This substructuring may reflect coimmigration with the main host, Norway spruce (Picea abies), into Northern Europe after the last ice age. We found evidence of low levels of genetic diversity in southwestern Finland, which has a long history of intensive forestry and urbanization. Numerous loci were significantly associated with one or more environmental factors, indicating adaptation to specific environments. These loci clustered into two groups with different associations with temperature and precipitation. Overall, our findings indicate that the current population genetic structure of P. nigrolimitatus results from a combination of gene flow, genetic drift and selection. The acquisition of similar knowledge especially over broad geographic scales, linking signatures of adaptive genetic variation to evolutionary processes and environmental variation, for other fungal species will undoubtedly be useful for assessment of the combined effects of habitat fragmentation and climate change on fungi strongly bound to old-growth forests. demography, forest fragmentation, genotype-environment associations, local adaptation, Picea abies, post-glacial colonization, wood decay fungi

• Estensmo, Eva Lena F.; Morgado, Luis; Maurice, Sundy; Martin Sanchez, Pedro Maria; Engh, Ingeborg B. & Mattsson, Johan [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Spatiotemporal variation of the indoor mycobiome in daycare centers. Microbiome. ISSN 2049-2618. 9(1), s. 1–12. doi: 10.1186/s40168-021-01167-x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skrede, Inger (2021). Diversity and distribution of ligninolytic fungi. Advances in Botanical Research. ISSN 0065-2296. 99, s. 1–36. doi: 10.1016/bs.abr.2021.05.004. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Andreasen, Mathias; Skrede, Inger; Jaklitsch, Walter; Voglmayr, Hermann & Nordén, Björn (2021). Multi-locus phylogenetic analysis of lophiostomatoid fungi motivates a broad concept of Lophiostoma and reveals nine new species. Persoonia. ISSN 0031-5850. 46, s. 240–271. doi: 10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.09. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Recent studies on the fungal families Lophiostomataceae and Lophiotremataceae (Pleosporales) have provided varying phylogenetic and taxonomic results concerning constituent genera and species. By adding DNA sequences of 24 new strains of Lophiostomataceae and nine new strains of Lophiotremataceae to a sequence data matrix from international databases, we provide a new understanding of the relationships within these families. Multigene analysis of the four molecular markers ITS, LSU, TEF1-α, and RPB2 reveals that the genera within Lophiotremataceae are phylogenetically well supported. Lophiostoma myriocarpum is recognised as a species of Lophiotrema in contrast to earlier concepts. In Lophiostomataceae, we resurrect a broad generic concept of the genus Lophiostoma and reduce 14 genera to synonymy: Alpestrisphaeria, Biappendiculispora, Capulatispora, Coelodictyosporium, Guttulispora, Lophiohelichrysum, Lophiopoacea, Neopaucispora, Neotrematosphaeria, Platystomum, Pseudocapulatispora, Pseudolophiostoma, Pseudoplatystomum, and Sigarispora. Nine new species are described based on molecular data and in most cases supported by morphological characters: Antealophiotrema populicola, Atrocalyx nordicus, Lophiostoma carpini, Lophiostoma dictyosporium, Lophiostoma erumpens, Lophiostoma fusisporum, Lophiostoma jotunheimenense, Lophiostoma plantaginis, and Lophiostoma submuriforme. Lophiostoma caespitosum and Lophiotrema myriocarpum are lecto- and epitypified to stabilise their species concepts. High intraspecific variability of several morphological traits is common within Lophiostomataceae Lophiostomataceae Lophiotremataceae molecular phylogeny new taxa Pleosporales taxonomy

• Skrede, Inger; Murat, Claude; Hess, Jaqueline; Maurice, Sundy Ursula Mary Jane; Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik & Kohler, Annegret [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Contrasting demographic histories revealed in two invasive populations of the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans. Molecular Ecology. ISSN 0962-1083. 30(12), s. 2772–2789. doi: 10.1111/mec.15934. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Globalization and international trade have impacted organisms around the world leading to a considerable number of species establishing in new geographic areas. Many organisms have taken advantage of human-made environments, including buildings. One such species is the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans, which is the most aggressive wood-decay fungus in indoor environments in temperate regions. Using population genomic analyses of 36 full genome sequenced isolates, we demonstrated that European and Japanese isolates are highly divergent and the populations split 3000–19,000 generations ago, probably predating human influence. Approximately 250 generations ago, the European population went through a tight bottleneck, probably corresponding to the fungus colonization of the built environment in Europe. The demographic history of these populations, probably lead to low adaptive potential. Only two loci under selection were identified using a Fst outlier approach, and selective sweep analyses identified three loci with extended haplotype homozygosity. The selective sweep analyses found signals in genes possibly related to decay of various substrates in Japan and in genes involved DNA replication and protein modification in Europe. Our results suggest that the dry rot fungus independently established in indoor environments in Europe and Japan and that invasive species can potentially establish large populations in new habitats based on a few colonizing individuals.

• Estensmo, Eva Lena Fjeld; Maurice, Sundy Ursula Mary Jane; Morgado, Luis; Martin-Sanchez, Pedro Maria; Skrede, Inger & Kauserud, Håvard (2021). The influence of intraspecific sequence variation during DNA metabarcoding: A case study of eleven fungal species. Molecular Ecology Resources. ISSN 1755-098X. doi: 10.1111/1755-0998.13329. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  DNA metabarcoding has become a powerful approach for analysing complex communities from environmental samples, but there are still methodological challenges limiting its full potential. While conserved DNA markers, like 16S and 18S, often are not able to discriminate among closely related species, other more variable markers – like the fungal ITS region, may include considerable intraspecific variation, which can lead to oversplitting of species during DNA metabarcoding analyses. Here we assessed the effects of intraspecific sequence variation in DNA metabarcoding by analysing local populations of eleven fungal species. We investigated the allelic diversity of ITS2 haplotypes using both Sanger sequencing and high throughput sequencing (HTS) coupled with error correction with the software dada2. All the eleven species, except one, included some level of intraspecific variation in the ITS2 region. Overall, we observed a high correspondence between haplotypes generated by Sanger sequencing and HTS, with the exception of a few additional haplotypes detected using either approach. These extra haplotypes, typically occurring in low frequencies, were probably due to PCR and sequencing errors or intragenomic variation in the rDNA region. The presence of intraspecific (and possibly intragenomic) variation in ITS2 suggest that haplotypes (or ASVs) should not be used as basic units in ITS‐based fungal community analyses, but an extra clustering step is needed to approach species‐level resolution.

• Martin-Sanchez, Pedro Maria; Estensmo, Eva Lena Fjeld; Morgado, Luis; Maurice, Sundy Ursula Mary Jane; Engh, Ingeborg Bjorvand & Skrede, Inger [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Analysing indoor mycobiomes through a large‐scale citizen science study in Norway. Molecular Ecology. ISSN 0962-1083. 30, s. 2689–2705. doi: 10.1111/mec.15916. Vis sammendrag

  In the built environment, fungi can cause important deterioration of building materials and adverse health effects on occupants. Increased knowledge about indoor mycobiomes from different regions of the world, and their main environmental determinants, will enable improved indoor air quality management and identification of health risks. This is the first citizen science study about indoor mycobiomes at a large geographical scale in Europe, including 271 houses from Norway and 807 dust samples from three house compartments: outside of the building, living room and bathroom. The fungal community composition determined by DNA metabarcoding was clearly different between indoor and outdoor samples, but there were no significant differences between the two indoor compartments. The 32 selected variables, related to the outdoor environment, building features and occupant characteristics, accounted for 15% of the overall variation in community composition, with the house compartment as the key factor (7.6%). Next, the climate was the main driver of the dust mycobiomes (4.2%), while building and occupant variables had significant but minor influences (1.4% and 1.1%, respectively). The house‐dust mycobiomes were dominated by ascomycetes (⁓70%) with Capnodiales and Eurotiales as the most abundant orders. Compared to the outdoor samples, the indoor mycobiomes showed higher species richness, which is probably due to the mixture of fungi from outdoor and indoor sources. The main indoor indicator fungi belonged to two ecological groups with allergenic potential: xerophilic molds and skin‐associated yeasts. Our results suggest that citizen science is a successful approach for unraveling the built microbiome at large geographical scales.

• Seierstad, Kristian S.; Fossdal, Renate Myking; Miettinen, Otto; Carlsen, Tor; Skrede, Inger & Kauserud, Håvard (2020). Contrasting genetic structuring in the closely related basidiomycetes Trichaptum abietinum and Trichaptum fuscoviolaceum (Hymenochaetales). Fungal Biology. ISSN 1878-6146. 125(4), s. 269–275. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2020.11.001. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hess, Jaqueline; Balasundaram, Sudhagar V.; Bakkemo, Reneè Isabel; Drula, Elodie; Henrissat, Bernard & Högberg, Nils [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Niche differentiation and evolution of the wood decay machinery in the invasive fungus Serpula lacrymans. The ISME Journal. ISSN 1751-7362. s. 1–13. doi: 10.1038/s41396-020-00799-5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Thoen, Ella; Harder, Christoffer Bugge; Kauserud, Håvard; Botnen, Synnøve Smebye; Vik, Unni & Taylor, Andy F.S. [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). In vitro evidence of root colonization suggests ecological versatility in the genus Mycena. New Phytologist. ISSN 0028-646X. 227, s. 601–612. doi: 10.1111/nph.16545. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skrede, Inger; Ballester Gonzalvo, Luis; Mathiesen, Cecilie & Schumacher, Trond (2020). The genera Helvella and Dissingia (Ascomycota: Pezizomycetes) in Europe – Notes on species from Spain. Fungal Systematics and Evolution. ISSN 2589-3831. 6(1), s. 65–93. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2020.06.05. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hansen, Karen; Schumacher, Trond; Skrede, Inger; Huhtinen, Seppo & Wang, Xianghua (2019). Pindara revisited – evolution and generic limits in Helvellaceae. Persoonia. ISSN 0031-5850. 42, s. 186–204. doi: 10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.07. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Løken, Solveig Bua; Skrede, Inger & Schumacher, Trond (2019). The Helvella corium species aggregate in Nordic countries - Phylogeny and species delimitation. Fungal Systematics and Evolution. ISSN 2589-3831. 5, s. 169–186. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2020.05.13. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skrede, Inger; Solbakken, Monica Hongrø; Hess, Jaqueline; Fossdal, Carl Gunnar; Hegnar, Olav Aaseth & Alfredsen, Gry (2019). Wood Modification by Furfuryl Alcohol Resulted in a Delayed Decomposition Response in Rhodonia (Postia) placenta. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. ISSN 0099-2240. 85(14), s. 1–21. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00338-19. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The aim of this study was to investigate differential expression profiles of the brown rot fungus Rhodonia placenta (previously Postia placenta) harvested at several time points when grown on radiata pine (Pinus radiata) and radiata pine with three different levels of modification by furfuryl alcohol, an environmentally benign commercial wood protection system. The entire gene expression pattern of a decay fungus was followed in untreated and modified wood from initial to advanced stages of decay. The results support the current model of a two-step decay mechanism, with the expression of genes related to initial oxidative depolymerization, followed by an accumulation of transcripts of genes related to the hydrolysis of cell wall polysaccharides. When the wood decay process is finished, the fungus goes into starvation mode after five weeks when grown on unmodified radiata pine wood. The pattern of repression of oxidative processes and oxalic acid synthesis found in radiata pine at later stages of decay is not mirrored for the high-furfurylation treatment. The high treatment level provided a more unpredictable expression pattern throughout the incubation period. Furfurylation does not seem to directly influence the expression of core plant cell wall-hydrolyzing enzymes, as a delayed and prolonged, but similar, pattern was observed in the radiata pine and the modified experiments. This indicates that the fungus starts a common decay process in the modified wood but proceeds at a slower pace as access to the plant cell wall polysaccharides is restricted. This is further supported by the downregulation of hydrolytic enzymes for the high treatment level at the last harvest point (mass loss, 14%). Moreover, the mass loss does not increase during the last weeks. Collectively, this indicates a potential threshold for lower mass loss for the high-furfurylation treatment. IMPORTANCE Fungi are important decomposers of woody biomass in natural habitats. Investigation of the mechanisms employed by decay fungi in their attempt to degrade wood is important for both the basic scientific understanding of ecology and carbon cycling in nature and for applied uses of woody materials. For wooden building materials, long service life and carbon storage are essential, but decay fungi are responsible for massive losses of wood in service. Thus, the optimization of durable wood products for the future is of major importance. In this study, we have investigated the fungal genetic response to furfurylated wood, a commercial environmentally benign wood modification approach that improves the service life of wood in outdoor applications. Our results show that there is a delayed wood decay by the fungus as a response to furfurylated wood, and new knowledge about the mechanisms behind the delay is provided.

• Thoen, Ella; Aas, Anders Bjørnsgard; Vik, Unni; Brysting, Anne Krag; Skrede, Inger & Carlsen, Tor [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). A single ectomycorrhizal plant root system includes a diverse and spatially structured fungal community. Mycorrhiza. ISSN 0940-6360. 29(3), s. 167–180. doi: 10.1007/s00572-019-00889-z. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Veerabadran Balasundaram, Sudhagar; Hess, Jaqueline; Brandström Durling, Mikael; Moody, Suzy Clare; Thorbek, Lisbeth & Progida, Cinzia [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). The fungus that came in from the cold: dry rot’s pre-adapted ability to invade buildings . The ISME Journal. ISSN 1751-7362. 12(3), s. 791–801. doi: 10.1038/s41396-017-0006-8.
• Hess, Jaqueline; Skrede, Inger; Chaib De Mares, Maryam; Hainaut, Matthieu; Henrissat, Bernard & Pringle, Anne (2018). Rapid Divergence of Genome Architectures Following the Origin of an Ectomycorrhizal Symbiosis in the Genus Amanita. Molecular Biology and Evolution (MBE). ISSN 0737-4038. 35(11), s. 2786–2804. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msy179. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Balasundaram, Sudhagar; Hess, Jaqueline; Durling, Mikael Brandström; Moody, Suzy C.; Thorbek, Birgitte Lisbeth Graae & Progida, Cinzia [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). The fungus that came in from the cold: dry rot’s pre-adapted ability to invade buildings. The ISME Journal. ISSN 1751-7362. 12(3), s. 791–801. doi: 10.1038/s41396-017-0006-8.
• Skrede, Inger; Carlsen, Tor & Schumacher, Trond (2017). A synopsis of the saddle fungi (Helvella: Ascomycota) in Europe – species delimitation, taxonomy and typification. Persoonia. ISSN 0031-5850. 39, s. 201–253. doi: 10.3767/persoonia.2017.39.09. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Veerabadran Balasundaram, Sudhagar; Engh, Ingeborg Bjorvand; Skrede, Inger & Kauserud, Håvard (2015). How many DNA markers are needed to reveal cryptic fungal species? Fungal Biology. ISSN 1878-6146. 119(10), s. 940–945. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2015.07.006.
• Balasundaram, Sudhagar; Engh, Ingeborg Bjorvand; Skrede, Inger & Kauserud, Håvard (2015). How many DNA markers are needed to reveal cryptic fungal species? Fungal Biology. ISSN 1878-6146. 119(10), s. 940–945. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2015.07.006.
• Hess, Jaqueline; Skrede, Inger; Wolfe, Benjamin E.; LaButti, Kurt; Ohm, Robin A. & Grigoriev, Igor V. [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2014). Transposable Element Dynamics among Asymbiotic and Ectomycorrhizal Amanita Fungi. Genome Biology and Evolution (GBE). ISSN 1759-6653. 6(7), s. 1564–1578. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evu121.
• Maurice, Sundy; Skrede, Inger; LeFloch, Gaetan; Barbier, Georges & Kauserud, Håvard (2014). Population structure of Serpula lacrymans in Europe with an outlook to the French population. Mycologia. ISSN 0027-5514. 106(5), s. 889–895. doi: 10.3852/12-344.
• Gustafsson, A Lovisa S; Skrede, Inger; Rowe, Heather C.; Gussarova, Galina; Borgen, Liv & Rieseberg, Loren [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2014). Genetics of cryptic speciation within an arctic Mustard, Draba nivalis. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 9(4). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093834. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skrede, Inger; Maurice, Sandy & Kauserud, Håvard (2013). Molecular Characterization of Sexual Diversity in a Population of Serpula lacrymans, a Tetrapolar Basidiomycete. G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics. ISSN 2160-1836. 3(2), s. 145–152. doi: 10.1534/g3.112.003731.
• Skrede, Inger; Carlsen, Tor; Stensrud, Øyvind & Kauserud, Håvard (2012). Genome wide AFLP markers support cryptic species in Coniophora (Boletales). Fungal Genetics and Biology. ISSN 1087-1845. 116(7), s. 778–784. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2012.04.009.
• Kauserud, Håvard; Knudsen, Henning; Högberg, Nils & Skrede, Inger (2012). Evolutionary origin, worldwide dispersal, and population genetics of the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans. Fungal Biology Reviews. ISSN 1749-4613. 26(2-3), s. 84–93. doi: 10.1016/j.fbr.2012.08.001.
• Skrede, Inger; Engh, Ingeborg Bjorvand; Binder, Manfred; Carlsen, Tor; Kauserud, Håvard & Bendiksby, Mika (2011). Evolutionary history of Serpulaceae (Basidiomycota): molecular phylogeny, historical biogeography and evidence for a single transition of nutritional mode. BMC Evolutionary Biology. ISSN 1471-2148. 11(230). doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-230.
• Eastwood, Daniel C.; Floudas, Dimitrios; Binder, Manfred; Majcherczyk, Andrzej; Schneider, Patrick & Aerts, Andrea [Vis alle 48 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2011). The Plant Cell Wall-Decomposing Machinery Underlies the Functional Diversity of Forest Fungi. Science. ISSN 0036-8075. 333(6043), s. 762–765. doi: 10.1126/science.1205411. Vis sammendrag

  Brown rot decay removes cellulose and hemicelluloses from wood, residual lignin contributing up to 30% of forest soil carbon, and is derived from an ancestral white rot saprotrophy where both lignin and cellulose are decomposed. Comparative and functional genomics of the “dry rot” fungus Serpula lacrymans, derived from forest ancestors, demonstrated that the evolution of both ectomycorrhizal biotrophy and brown rot saprotrophy was accompanied by reductions and losses in specific protein families, suggesting adaptation to an intercellular interaction with plant tissue. Transcriptome and proteome analysis also identified differences in wood decomposition in S. lacrymans relative to the brown rot Postia placenta. Furthermore, fungal nutritional mode diversification suggests that the boreal forest biome originated via genetic coevolution of above- and belowground biota.

• Engh, Ingeborg Bjorvand; Skrede, Inger; Sætre, Glenn-Peter & Kauserud, Håvard (2010). High variability in a mating type linked region in the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans caused by frequency-dependent selection? BMC Genetics. ISSN 1471-2156. 11. doi: 10.1186/1471-2156-11-64.
• Skrede, Inger; Borgen, Liv & Brochmann, Christian (2009). Genetic structuring in three closely related circumpolar plant species: AFLP versus microsatellite markers and high-arctic versus arctic-alpine distributions. Heredity. ISSN 0018-067X. 102(3), s. 293–302. doi: 10.1038/hdy.2008.120.
• Skrede, Inger; Carlsen, Tor; Rieseberg, LH & Brochmann, Christian (2009). Microsatellites for three distantly related genera in the Brassicaceae. Conservation Genetics. ISSN 1566-0621. 10(3), s. 643–648. doi: 10.1007/s10592-008-9598-x.
• Skrede, Inger; Brochmann, Christian; Borgen, Liv & Rieseberg, LH (2008). Genetics of intrinsic postzygotic isolation in a circumpolar plant species, Draba Nivalis (Brassicaceae). Evolution. ISSN 0014-3820. 62, s. 1840–1851. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2008.00418.x.
• Jørgensen, Marte Holten; Carlsen, Tor; Skrede, Inger & Elven, Reidar (2008). Microsatellites resolve the taxonomy of the polyploid Cardamine digitata aggregate (Brassicaceae). Taxon. ISSN 0040-0262. 57(3), s. 1–12.
• Alsos, Inger G.; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Ehrich, Dorothee; Skrede, Inger; Westergaard, Kristine Bakke & Jacobsen, Gro Hilde [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2007). Frequent long-distance plant colonization in the changing Arctic. Science. ISSN 0036-8075. 316, s. 1606–1609. Vis sammendrag

  The ability of species to track their ecological niche after climate change is a major source of uncertainty in predicting their future distribution. By analyzing DNA fingerprinting ( amplified fragment-length polymorphism) of nine plant species, we show that long-distance colonization of a remote arctic archipelago, Svalbard, has occurred repeatedly and from several source regions. Propagules are likely carried by wind and drifting sea ice. The genetic effect of restricted colonization was strongly correlated with the temperature requirements of the species, indicating that establishment limits distribution more than dispersal. Thus, it may be appropriate to assume unlimited dispersal when predicting long-term range shifts in the Arctic.

• Alsos, Inger Greve; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Ehrich, Dorothee; Skrede, Inger; Westergaard, Kristine Bakke & Jacobsen, Gro Hilde [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2007). Frequent long-distance plant colonization in the changing Arctic. Science. ISSN 0036-8075. 316. doi: 10.1126/science.1139178.
• Skrede, Inger; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Piñeiro Portela , Rosalía & Brochmann, Christian (2006). Refugia, differentiation and postglacial migration in arctic-alpine Eurasia, exemplified by the mountain avens (Dryas octopetala L.). Molecular Ecology. ISSN 0962-1083. 15(7), s. 1827–1840.

Se alle arbeider i Cristin

• Orellana-Muñoz, Sara; Stelkens, Rike; Kauserud, Håvard; Skrede, Inger & Peris, David (2023). Generating a large collection of Saccharomyces polyploids to study their adaptation to food-related industrial conditions.
• Orellana-Muñoz, Sara; Borg, Nora; Nygård, Elise; Kauserud, Håvard; Skrede, Inger & Peris, David (2023). Yeast bioprospecting and genomics for a food circular bioeconomy.
• Lü, Dabao Sun; Peris, David; Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik; Maurice, Sundy; Kauserud, Håvard & Ravinet, Mark [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Population genomics reveal multiple lineages with leaky intersterility barriers in the widespread forest fungus Trichaptum abietinum.
• Lü, Dabao Sun; Peris, David; Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik; Maurice, Sundy; Kauserud, Håvard & Ravinet, Mark [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Understanding the nature of the reproductive barriers within the wood decay species Trichaptum abietinum.
• Lü, Dabao Sun; Peris Navarro, David; Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik; Maurice, Sundy; Kauserud, Håvard & Ravinet, Mark [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Global phylogeography of a wood decay fungus indicates reinforcement on secondary contact.
• Skrede, Inger (2022). Fungal divergence and speciation – examples from wood decay fungi.
• Skrede, Inger (2022). Fungal divergence and speciation – examples from wood decay fungi.
• Lü, Dabao Sun; Methlie, Ine-Susanne Hopland; Peris Navarro, David; Kauserud, Håvard & Skrede, Inger (2022). Postglacial history of a widespread forest fungus in Europe: Migration out of multiple refugia followed by secondary admixture .
• Skrede, Inger (2022). Fungal divergence and speciation – examples from wood decay fungi.
• Peris Navarro, David; Lü, Dabao Sun; Kinneberg, Vilde Bruhn; Methlie, Ine-Susanne Hopland; James, Timothy & Kauserud, Håvard [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Ancient mating alleles maintained by balancing selection in basidiomycete fungi.
• Birkemoe, Tone; Skrede, Inger & Methlie, Ine-Susanne Hopland (2022). Mindre mat for kresne biller. https://forskning.no/.
• Orellana-Muñoz, Sara; Stelkens, Rike; Kauserud, Håvard; Skrede, Inger & Peris, David (2022). A high-throughput pipeline for studying the effects of polyploidization during adaptive evolution in yeasts.
• Kinneberg, Vilde Bruhn; Lü, Dabao Sun; Peris, David; Ravinet, Mark & Skrede, Inger (2022). Ancient introgression between highly divergent fungal sister species.
• Lü, Dabao Sun; Peris, David; Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik; Maurice, Sundy; Kauserud, Håvard & Ravinet, Mark [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Understanding the nature of the reproductive barriers within the wood decay species Trichaptum abietinum.
• Peris, David; Lü, Dabao Sun; Kinneberg, Vilde Bruhn; Methlie, Ine-Susanne Hopland; Dahl, Malin Stapnes & James, Timothy Y. [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Long-term balancing selection in a white-root fungi.
• Peris, David; Lü, Dabao Sun; Kinneberg, Vilde Bruhn; Methlie, Ine-Susanne Hopland; Dahl, Malin Stapnes & James, Timothy Y. [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Northern hemisphere fungal specimens unravel dynamic and polymorphic nature of mating loci.
• Lu, Dabao Sun; Skrede, Inger; Kauserud, Håvard; Navarro, David Peris; Maurice, Sandy & Ravinet, Mark [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Population genomics of Trichaptum abietinum - a window into fungal speciation.
• Lu, Dabao Sun; Skrede, Inger; Kauserud, Håvard; Navarro, David Peris; Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik & Maurice, Sandy [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Population genomics of Trichaptum abietinum - a window into fungal speciation.
• Hess, Jaqueline; Balasundaram, Sudhagar; Bakkemo, Reneè Isabel; Drula, Elodie; Henrissat, Bernard & Högberg, Nils [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Niche differentiation underlies evolution of the wood decay machinery in the invasive fungus Serpula lacrymans.
• Skrede, Inger (2019). How to decompose a house? Comparative and population genomic analyses of the dry rot fungus.
• Skrede, Inger (2018). Artsbestemmelse i soppslekten Helvella– Hvorfor og hvordan?
• Skrede, Inger; Hess, Jaqueline; Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik; Maurice, Sundy Ursula Mary Jane; Eastwood, Daniel C. & Kauserud, Håvard (2018). How to decompose a house? Comparative and population genomic analyses of the dry rot fungus.
• Skrede, Inger; Hess, Jaqueline; Eastwood, Daniel C. & Kauserud, Håvard (2018). Evolutionary necessities for invading buildings, comparative and population genomic analyses of the dry rot fungus.
• Tørresen, Ole K.; Skrede, Inger; Sandve, Simen Rød; Jentoft, Sissel; Jakobsen, Kjetill Sigurd & Borge, Ole Johan (2018). Gendykk i norsk natur gir ny kunnskap. Genialt. ISSN 0804-225X. s. 16–18.
• Skrede, Inger; Hess, Jaqueline; Balasundaram, Sudhagar; Högberg, Nils; Maurice, Sundy Ursula Mary Jane & Kohler, Annegret [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2017). Evolutionary necessities for invading buildings, comparative and population genomic analyses in the dry rot fungus.
• Skrede, Inger (2016). Evolutionary necessities for invading buildings, comparative and population genomic analyses in the dry rot fungus.
• Hess, Jaqueline; Balasundaram, Sudhagar; Eastwood, Daniel C.; Durling, Mikael Brandström; Fossdal, Carl Gunnar & Högberg, Nils [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2016). Exploring specialization in wood decay mechanisms in the harmful house-invader Serpula lacrymans using an evolutionary transcriptomics approach.
• Bakkemo, Reneé Isabel; Hess, Jaqueline & Skrede, Inger (2016). Comparative genomics of dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans reveal nutrient transport mechanisms.
• Skrede, Inger; Hess, Jaqueline; Balasundaram, Sudhagar; Kauserud, Håvard; Eastwood, Daniel C. & Högberg, Nils [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2016). Invasiveness of the harmful house-invader Serpula lacrymans – population genomics of the Japanese and European populations.
• Skrede, Inger; Hess, Jaqueline; Balasundaram, Sudhagar; Kauserud, Håvard; Eastwood, Daniel C. & Boddy, Lynne M [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2016). The fungus that came in from the cold: Dry rots pre-adapted ability to invade buildings.
• Hess, Jaqueline & Skrede, Inger (2015). Genomics of the destructive dry rot fungus. META. ISSN 1890-1956. s. 16–19.
• Skrede, Inger; Hess, Jaqueline; Balasundaram, Sudhagar; Eastwood, D; Kohler, Annegret & Murat, Claude [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2015). Invasiveness of the harmful house decomposer Serpula lacrymans - population genomic approaches.
• Skrede, Inger & Brandström Durling, Mikael (2015). Population genomic analyses revealpossible drivers of populationdivergence. Molecular Ecology. ISSN 0962-1083. 24, s. 2598–2600. doi: 10.1111/mec.13209.
• Skrede, Inger; Carlsen, Tor & Schumacher, Trond (2015). Artsavgrensning i slekten Helvella ved hjelp av morfologi og molekylære markører ble langt mer utfordrende enn vi hadde regnet med.
• Skrede, Inger; Carlsen, Tor & Schumacher, Trond (2014). Molecular systematics of the genus Helvella redefines species boundaries and uncover high species diversity.
• Skrede, Inger; Durling, Mikael Brandström; Stenlid, Jan; Kauserud, Håvard & Högberg, Nils (2010). Comparative genomics of various lineages of the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans.
• Skrede, Inger; Durling, Mikael Brandström; Stenlid, Jan; Kauserud, Håvard & Högberg, Nils (2010). Comparative genomics of various lineages of the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans.
• Ehrich, Dorothee; Alsos, Inger Greve; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Jacobsen, Hilde; Skrede, Inger & Westergaard, Kristine Bakke [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2008). Will there be birch forest on Svalbard in 100 years: The quest for a genetic measure of dispersal potential.
• Ehrich, Dorothee; Alsos, Inger Greve; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Jacobsen, Hilde; Skrede, Inger & Westergaard, Kristine Bakke [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2008). Past and future migration of arctic plants in response to climate change: a large scale comparative study of genetic pattern.
• Skrede, Inger; Brochmann, Christian; Borgen, Liv & Rieseberg, Loren h (2008). Sibling speciation in the diploid, selfing Draba nivalis (Brassicaceae).
• Alsos, Inger Greve; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Ehrich, Dorothee; Skrede, Inger; Westergaard, Kristine Bakke & Jacobsen, G H [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2007). Frequent long-distance plant colonization in the changing Arctic.
• Skrede, Inger; Borgen, Liv; Brochmann, Christian & Rieseberg, Loren (2007). Sibling speciation in arctic diploid Draba (Brassicaceae).
• Skrede, Inger; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken & Brochmann, Christian (2007). Hvor kommer reinrose fra?
• Alsos, Inger Greve; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Ehrich, Dorothee; Skrede, Inger & Brochmann, Christian (2007). Planter vil spre seg raskt i et varmere Arktis – kommer bjørkeskogen til Svalbard?
• Skrede, Inger; Borgen, Liv; Brochmann, Christian & Rieseberg, Loren (2007). Sibling speciation in arctic diploid Draba (Brassicaceae). Vis sammendrag

  Incomplete to fully developed postzygotic sterility barriers within species were recently demonstrated in three circumpolar species of the genus Draba, suggesting numerous sibling species (Grundt et al., 2006; PNAS, 103, 972-975). Because the three species are selfers and of recent, Pleistocene origin, Grundt et al. argued that hybrid sterility evolved quickly and possibly by genetic drift. The present study employs genetic mapping and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses to determine whether the sterility has a chromosomal or genic basis and, if the latter, whether the sterility is caused by interactions among alleles at a single locus or by interactions among alleles at different loci. A F2 population of 383 individuals was generated by crossing two Draba nivalis plants, one from Alaska and one from Norway (F1 hybrids were ~30 % fertile). All F2 plants have been tested for pollen viability, seed set, and growth rate, and were on average 62 % fertile for the two fertility measures. A microsatellite-enriched library has been made for Draba, and 50 loci have been genotyped for all individuals. QTL analyses identified five loci underlying seed fertility and two affecting reduced pollen viability. Seed fertility QTLs were weakly underdominant, an observation most consistent with single locus sterility, such as that caused by chromosomal rearrangements. In contrast, pollen sterility QTLs exhibited additive inheritance patterns as might be expected for Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities. The small number of sterility QTLs is consistent with results from other plant groups, which imply that fewer loci contribute to hybrid sterility in plants than in Drosophila.

• Ehrich, Dorothee; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Alsos, Inger Greve; Jacobsen, Gro Hilde; Skrede, Inger & Taberlet, Pierre [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2006). Past and future migration of key tundra species in response to climate change: A large scale comparative study of genetic pattern.
• Ehrich, Dorothee; Alsos, Inger Greve; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Jacobsen, Gro Hilde; Skrede, Inger & Taberlet, Pierre [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2006). Dispersal in a changing Arctic: A contribution from population genetics.
• Skrede, Inger; Borgen, Liv; Brochmann, Christian & Rieseberg, Loren (2006). The mechanisms of postzygotic reproductive isolation in Draba nivalis (Brassicaceae). Vis sammendrag

  Incomplete to fully developed postzygotic sterility barriers within species were recently demonstrated in three circumpolar species of the genus Draba (Grundt et al., 2006; PNAS, 103, 972-975). Because the three species are selfers and of recent, Pleistocene origin, Grundt et al. argued that hybrid sterility evolved quickly and possibly by genetic drift. The present study employs a combination of QTL and meiotic analyses to determine whether the sterility has a chromosomal or genic basis and, if the latter, whether the sterility is caused by interactions among alleles at a single locus or by interactions among alleles at different loci. We have generated an F2 population of ~400 individuals by crossing Draba nivalis plants from Alaska and Norway (F1 hybrids were ~50% fertile). All F2 plants have been tested for pollen viability, seed set, and biomass. To genotype the F2 population, a microsatellite-enriched library has been made for Draba, and 60 microsatellites have been developed. So far, 23 markers have been analyzed for all individuals.

• Skrede, Inger (2005). Moderne molekylære metoder anvendt i biologisk forskning - en innføring i ulike teknikker.
• Ehrich, Dorothee; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Alsos, Inger Greve; Jacobsen, Gro Hilde; Skrede, Inger & Westergaard, Kristine Bakke [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2005). Effect of climate change on ecosystems in Svalbard: past and future immigration of thermophilous species.
• Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Alsos, Inger Greve; Ehrich, Dorothee; Jacobsen, Gro Hilde; Skrede, Inger & Taberlet, Pierre [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2005). Immigration of thermophilous key species to Svalbard: Can past patterns be used to predict the future.
• Ehrich, Dorothee; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Alsos, Inger Greve; Jacobsen, Gro Hilde; Skrede, Inger & Taberlet, Pierre [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2005). Immigration of thermophilous key species to Svalbard: Can phylogeographic patterns be used to predict the future?
• Skrede, Inger; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken; Piñeiro Portela, Rosalia & Brochmann, Christian (2005). Differentiation and migration in the arctic-alpine diploid Dryas octopetala L. (Rosaceae).
• Lü, Dabao Sun; Peris, David; Skrede, Inger; Kauserud, Håvard; Ravinet, Mark & Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Fungi contain multitudes: Tempo and modes of evolution in the purplepore bracket fungus Trichaptum. University of Oslo. ISSN 1501-7710. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skrede, Inger; Brochmann, Christian & Nordal, Inger (2004). Immigration of the wind-dispersed Dryas octopetala L. (mountain avens; 'reinrose') to the isolated arctic archipelago of Svalbard. Universitetet i Oslo.

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