Jan Inge Faleide

• Huff, Owen Rohwer; Thorkildsen, Vemund Stenbekk; Greiner, Thomas Andre Larsen; Lie, Jan Erik; Evensen, Andreas & Bugge, Aina Juell [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2024). Near offset reconstruction for marine seismic data using a convolutional neural network. Geophysical Prospecting. ISSN 0016-8025. doi: 10.1111/1365-2478.13505.
• Aleshina, Ksenia F.; Nikishin, Anatoly M.; Malyshev, Nikolay A. & Faleide, Jan Inge (2024). East Barents Megabasin: Tectonostratigraphy and main epochs of geological history. Marine Geology. ISSN 0025-3227. 469. doi: 10.1016/j.margeo.2024.107239.
• Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour; Polteau, Stephane; Planke, Sverre; Faleide, Jan Inge; Lebedeva-Ivanova, Nina N. & Myklebust, Reidun (2024). NE Canada Rifted Margin Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element, Baffin Bay, Davis Strait and Labrador Sea. Geological Society of London Memoirs. ISSN 0435-4052. 57(1). doi: 10.1144/M57-2021-44.
• Pichel, Leonardo Muniz; Huismans, Ritske Sipke; Gawthorpe, Robert Leslie & Faleide, Jan Inge (2023). Post-salt carbonates control salt-tectonic minibasin formation. Geology. ISSN 0091-7613. 52(1), p. 82–86. doi: 10.1130/G51717.1.
• Wong, Po Wan; Midtkandal, Ivar & Faleide, Jan Inge (2023). Origin of paired extension-compression during rotational rifting: An early Paleogene example from the northeast Atlantic region and its implications. Geology. ISSN 0091-7613. 52(1), p. 27–32. doi: 10.1130/G51730.1. Full text in Research Archive
• Gómez Dacal, María Laura; Scheck-Wenderoth, Magdalena; Faleide, Jan Inge; Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour; Bott, Judith & Anikiev, Denis (2023). Tracing the Iceland plume and North East Atlantic breakup in the lithosphere. Communications Earth & Environment. ISSN 2662-4435. 4. doi: 10.1038/s43247-023-01120-w. Full text in Research Archive
• Pichel, Leonardo Muniz; Huismans, Ritske Sipke; Gawthorpe, Rob & Faleide, Jan Inge (2023). How post-salt sediment flux and progradation rate influence salt tectonics on rifted margins: Insights from geodynamic modelling. Basin Research. ISSN 0950-091X. 35(6), p. 2364–2380. doi: 10.1111/bre.12802. Full text in Research Archive
• Gabrielsen, Roy Helge; Gianennas, Pangiptis, A.; Sokoutis, Dimitrios; Willingshofer, Ernst; Hassaan, Muhammad & Faleide, Jan Inge (2023). Analogue experiments on releasing and restraining bends and their application to the study of the Barents Shear Margin. Solid Earth (SE). ISSN 1869-9510. 14(9), p. 961–983. doi: 10.5194/se-14-961-2023. Full text in Research Archive
• Würtzen, Camilla Louise; Hassaan, Muhammad; Anell, Ingrid; Nystuen, Johan Petter; Faleide, Jan Inge & Midtkandal, Ivar (2023). Alluvial development during climate fluctuations depicted with spectral decomposition of the Middle Triassic to Lower Jurassic post-rift succession in the Horda Platform (Norway) and the impact on reservoir properties. Basin Research. ISSN 0950-091X. 35(6), p. 2301–2327. doi: 10.1111/bre.12799. Full text in Research Archive
• Berndt, Christian; Planke, Sverre; Alvarez Zarikian, Carlos A.; Frieling, Joost; Jones, Morgan Thomas & Millett, John M. [Show all 36 contributors for this article] (2023). Shallow-water hydrothermal venting linked to the Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum. Nature Geoscience. ISSN 1752-0894. 16, p. 803–809. doi: 10.1038/s41561-023-01246-8. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was a global warming event of 5–6 °C around 56 million years ago caused by input of carbon into the ocean and atmosphere. Hydrothermal venting of greenhouse gases produced in contact aureoles surrounding magmatic intrusions in the North Atlantic Igneous Province have been proposed to play a key role in the PETM carbon-cycle perturbation, but the precise timing, magnitude and climatic impact of such venting remains uncertain. Here we present seismic data and the results of a five-borehole transect sampling the crater of a hydrothermal vent complex in the Northeast Atlantic. Stable carbon isotope stratigraphy and dinoflagellate cyst biostratigraphy reveal a negative carbon isotope excursion coincident with the appearance of the index taxon Apectodinium augustum in the vent crater, firmly tying the infill to the PETM. The shape of the crater and stratified sediments suggests large-scale explosive gas release during the initial phase of vent formation followed by rapid, but largely undisturbed, diatomite-rich infill. Moreover, we show that these vents erupted in very shallow water across the North Atlantic Igneous Province, such that volatile emissions would have entered the atmosphere almost directly without oxidation to CO2 and at the onset of the PETM.

• Lasabuda, Amando P. E.; Hanssen, Alfred; Laberg, Jan Sverre; Faleide, Jan Inge; Patton, Henry & Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2023). Paleobathymetric reconstructions of the SW Barents Seaway and their implications for Atlantic–Arctic ocean circulation. Communications Earth & Environment. ISSN 2662-4435. 4. doi: 10.1038/s43247-023-00899-y. Full text in Research Archive
• Meza Cala, Juan Camilo; Tsikalas, Filippos; Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour & Faleide, Jan Inge (2023). Structural analysis and measured extension in fault complexes along the Lofoten-Vesterålen margin, offshore Norway, in the context of crustal-scale rifting towards breakup in NE Atlantic. Basin Research. ISSN 0950-091X. 35(4), p. 1329–1361. doi: 10.1111/bre.12756. Full text in Research Archive
• Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour; Gac, Sebastien; Faleide, Jan Inge; Shephard, Grace; Tsikalas, Filippos & Polteau, Stephane [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2022). Quantification and Restoration of the Pre-Drift Extension Across the NE Atlantic Conjugate Margins During the Mid-Permian-Early Cenozoic Multi-Rifting Phases. Tectonics. ISSN 0278-7407. 42(1). doi: 10.1029/2022TC007386. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The formation of the NE Atlantic conjugate margins is the result of multiple rifting phases spanning from the Late Paleozoic and culminating in the early Eocene when breakup was accompanied with intense magmatic activity. The pre-breakup configuration of the NE Atlantic continental margins is controlled by crustal extension, magmatism, and sub-lithospheric processes, all of which need to be quantified for the pre-breakup architecture to be restored. Key parameters that need to be extracted from the analysis of crustal structures and sediment record include stretching factors, timing of rifting phases, and nature of the deep crustal structures. The aim of this study is to quantify the pre-drift extension of the NE Atlantic conjugate margins using interpreted crustal structure and forward basin modeling. We use a set of eight 2D conjugate crustal transects and corresponding stratigraphic models, constrained from an integrated analysis of 2D and 3D seismic and well data. The geometry and thickness of the present-day crust is compared to a reference thickness which has experienced limited or no crustal extension since Permian time allowing the quantification of crustal stretching. Based on the eight conjugate crustal transects, the total pre-drift extension is estimated to range between 181 and 390 km with an average of 270–295 km. These estimates are supported by the results of forward basin modeling, which predict total extension between 173 and 325 km, averaging 264 km. The cumulative pre-drift extension estimates derived from basin modeling are in turn used to calculate the incremental crustal stretching factors at each of the three main rifting phases between the conjugate Greenland-Norwegian margins. The mid-Permian early Triassic rifting phase represents 32% of the total extension, while the equivalent values are 41% for the mid-Jurassic to mid-Cretaceous and 27% for the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene rifting phases. These values are used to establish and present at first, a full-fit palinspastic plate kinematic model for the NE Atlantic since the mid-Permian and will be the base for future work on more elaborated models in order to build accurate paleogeographic and tectonic maps.

• Tsikalas, Filippos; Meza Cala, Juan Camilo; Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour; Faleide, Jan Inge & Brekke, Harald (2022). Lofoten Composite Tectono-Sedimentary Element, Norwegian Rifted Margin, Norwegian Sea. Geological Society of London Memoirs. ISSN 0435-4052. 57. doi: 10.1144/M57-2021-43. Show summary

  The Lofoten Rifted Margin is a composite tectono-sedimentary element (CTSE), located offshore northern Norway, and comprises the northernmost part of the Norwegian Sea margin at its transition to the West Barents Sea margin. We refine the late Paleozoic–early Cenozoic evolution of the margin with emphasis on the late Mesozoic–early Cenozoic rift phases, and we provide new and better-refined structural elements for the area. Distinct along-margin segmentation is evident and is imposed by transfer zones/systems that reflect the structural inheritance. These divide the study area into three main margin segments, namely the Lofoten, Vesterålen and Andøya segments, that are accounted for by observed along-margin tectonostratigraphic changes and are briefly viewed in a conjugate margin setting. Confirmed and potential plays within five main reservoir groups are also described and evaluated.

• Corseri, Romain; Planke, Sverre; Gelius, Leiv Jacob; Faleide, Jan Inge; Senger, Kim & Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour (2022). Magnetotelluric image of a hyper-extended and serpentinized rift system. Earth and Planetary Science Letters. ISSN 0012-821X. 602. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117914. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Magnetotelluric (MT) data can image the Earth's electrical resistivity down to the mantle but are rarely used for investigation of offshore rifted margins. In such settings, the lower crust and upper mantle are altered by distinct tectono-thermal processes but often display similar seismic velocities and densities. By integrating resistivity models from MT data, we aim at resolving such ambiguity. Here, 3D inversion of long period, marine MT data (1 – 3000 s) is performed on 104 receivers located along two, ∼300 km long transects in the SW Barents Sea. The resolving power of MT data is assessed with synthetic tests in an archetypal rift system where ample crustal thickness variation occurs. The results highlight that our MT data sense the transition from necking to hyper-extended domain where the crust (<10 km) is not recovered by 3D inversion. In the Bjørnøya Basin – the northernmost member of a hyper-extended Cretaceous basin chain in the NE Atlantic – we combine seismic interpretation and MT inversion models to assign resistivity properties at two depth intervals: (1) 0.1-1 Ωm within Lower Cretaceous marine shales buried at 10-15 km depth (2) 1-10 Ωm within the uppermost mantle. Based on a fluid-rock model, we emphasize that seawater as a sole pore fluid phase is not conductive enough to explain such high bulk conductivities at both intervals. A 25% serpentinization of mantle rocks can account for a fivefold rise in salinity of the residual fluid and is compatible with bulk resistivity, density, and seismic velocities in the Bjørnøya Basin. Such high-salinity fluid can ascend and mix with seawater in pore spaces of the sediments, supporting our model of saline fluid circulation in hyper-extended basins. In conclusion, electrical resistivity models can disambiguate interpretation of deep structures in rifted margin by detecting saline fluids from partial serpentinization, intermixing with seawater in overlying marine sediments.

• Osmond, Johnathon; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Holden, Nora; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2022). Structural traps and seals for expanding CO<inf>2</inf> storage in the northern Horda platform, North Sea. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin. ISSN 0149-1423. 106(9), p. 1711–1752. doi: 10.1306/03222221110. Show summary

  Development and maturation of geological carbon dioxide (CO2) storage projects along the Norwegian Continental shelf is ongoing, but even more storage locations are needed to reach climate mitigation goals by 2050. To augment the future Aurora injection site and expand CO2 storage in the northern Horda platform of the North Sea, the region’s potential must be assessed. Here, we leverage the latest wellbore and seismic data to map storage aquifers, identify structural traps, and assess possible top and fault seals associated with Lower and Upper Jurassic storage complexes in four major fault blocks. Our results indicate that both storage complex aquifers are preserved throughout the study area. From our minimum size criteria, we have identified a total of 95 Lower and 64 Upper Jurassic traps representing approximately 2.37 × 1010 and 5.80 × 1010 m3 in gross rock volume, respectively. Mapping, modeling, and formation pressure analyses suggest that top seals are sufficiently thick over the majority of structural traps and provide vertical pressure barriers between storage aquifers. Across-fault juxtaposition seals are abundant but dominate the Upper Jurassic storage complexes. Lower Jurassic aquifers, however, are often upthrown against Upper Jurassic aquifers, but apparent across-fault pressure differentials and shale gouge ratio values >0.15 correlate, suggesting fault rock membrane seal presence. Aquifer self-juxtapositions, however, are likely areas with poor fault seal. Overall, our work provides added support that the northern Horda platform represents a promising location for CO2 storage expansion, carrying the potential to become a future storage hub in the North Sea.

• Pichel, Leonardo Muniz; Huismans, Ritske Sipke; Gawthorpe, Rob; Faleide, Jan Inge & Theunissen, Thomas Louis Roger Dominique (2022). Coupling Crustal-Scale Rift Architecture With Passive Margin Salt Tectonics: A Geodynamic Modeling Approach. Journal of Geophysical Research (JGR): Solid Earth. ISSN 2169-9313. 127(11). doi: 10.1029/2022JB025177. Full text in Research Archive
• Gabrielsen, Roy Helge; Roberts, David; Gjelsvik, Tone; Sygnabere, Trond Olav; Hassaan, Muhammad & Faleide, Jan Inge (2022). Double-folding and thrust-front geometries associated with the Timanian and Caledonian orogenies in the Varanger Peninsula, Finnmark, North Norway. Journal of the Geological Society. ISSN 0016-7649. 179(6). doi: 10.1144/jgs2021-153. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  On Varanger Peninsula, the roughly NW–SE-trending Trollfjorden–Komagelva Fault Zone separates Neoproterozoic successions that accumulated in a shallow-marine platformal domain to the SW of the fault from deepmarine basinal to deltaic sediments to the NE. In Ediacaran time the fault scarp acted as a buttress in a period of basinal inversion during the top-to-the-SW, contractional Timanian orogeny. During the subsequent, top-to-the-SE to -ESE, polyphase Caledonian orogenesis the fault acted as a dextral strike-slip megafracture and lateral ramp. In the northeastern terrane, Timanian and Caledonian fold interference has produced several examples of double-folding and intersecting cleavages. In the southwestern terrane, the Lower Allochthon Gaissa Thrust Belt overlies the Parautochthon, below which a 45 km long deformation front has been mapped. Tectonic shortening within this frontal zone varies from top-to-the-SSE in the west to topto-the-ESE in the east. Imbricate thrust sheets disrupt the succession in the northeastern terrane, below which a floor décollement is speculated to emerge as a frontal fault along a prominent footwall of the precursor fault that acted on the seabed in outermost Varangerfjorden. By use of potential field data, the Caledonian structures on Varanger can be followed to the north into the Barents Sea where the nappe pile in the pre-Carboniferous basement reaches a thickness of several kilometres.

• Pichel, Leonardo Muniz; Huismans, Ritske Sipke; Gawthorpe, Rob; Faleide, Jan Inge & Theunissen, Thomas Louis Roger Dominique (2022). Late-syn- to post-rift salt tectonics on wide rifted margins—Insights from geodynamic modeling. Tectonics. ISSN 0278-7407. 41(8). doi: 10.1029/2021TC007158. Full text in Research Archive
• Serck, Christopher Sæbø; Braathen, Alvar; Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Riber, Lars & Messager, Grégoire [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2022). From metamorphic core complex to crustal scale rollover: Post-Caledonian tectonic development of the Utsira High, North Sea. Tectonophysics. ISSN 0040-1951. 836. doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2022.229416.
• Gabrielsen, Roy Helge; Skurtveit, Elin & Faleide, Jan Inge (2021). Caprock integrity of the Draupne formation, Ling depression, North Sea, Norway. Norwegian Journal of Geology. ISSN 2387-5844. 100(4). doi: 10.17850/njg100-4-2. Full text in Research Archive
• Gresseth, Julie Linnea Sehested; Braathen, Alvar; Serck, Christopher Sæbø; Faleide, Jan Inge & Osmundsen, Per Terje (2021). Late Paleozoic supradetachment basin configuration in the southwestern Barents Sea — Intrabasement seismic facies of the Fingerdjupet Subbasin. Basin Research. ISSN 0950-091X. p. 1–20. doi: 10.1111/bre.12631. Full text in Research Archive
• Würtzen, Camilla Louise; Osmond, Johnathon; Faleide, Jan Inge; Nystuen, Johan Petter; Anell, Ingrid & Midtkandal, Ivar (2021). Syn- to post-rift alluvial basin fill: seismic stratigraphic analysis of Permian-Triassic deposition in the Horda Platform, Norway. Basin Research. ISSN 0950-091X. doi: 10.1111/bre.12644.
• Gac, Sebastien; Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour; Faleide, Jan Inge; Schmid, Daniel Walter & Zastrozhnov, Dmitry (2021). Basin modelling of a complex rift system: The Northern Vøring Volcanic Margin case example. Basin Research. ISSN 0950-091X. doi: 10.1111/bre.12637. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Extensional processes can lead to complex crustal configuration depending on the mechanisms of lithospheric thinning and the impact of magmatic additions during rifting and breakup. In this context, we studied the Vøring volcanic passive margin offshore Norway. The evolution of the inner Vøring Margin is well explained by standard models of lithosphere extension. However, these models fail to reproduce key observations at the outer (volcanic) province such as regional uplift at the time of breakup and excess magmatism. Therefore, additional processes are required to explain these observations. Excess magmatism and uplift have been related to mantle processes such as the arrival of the hot Icelandic mantle ‘plume’ or small-scale convection processes. Melt retention in the asthenosphere has also been proposed to explain uplift. At last, mantle phase transitions during extension may contribute to uplift. We present tectonic and thermal models of basin evolution along a seismic profile crossing the Northern Vøring Margin. The thermal and isostatic history of basins is constrained through time-forward basin modelling based on an automated inverse basin reconstruction approach. Two scenarios are evaluated: The first one includes pronounced mantle stretching during the last late Cretaceous-Paleocene rifting event, and the second one includes late Paleocene-early Eocene mantle thinning, at the breakup time around 56–54 Ma. Models incorporating late Paleocene-early Eocene mantle thinning and taking into account magmatic processes (melt retention and magmatic underplate) and mantle phase transitions satisfactorily reproduce the specific observations of the outer (volcanic) margin. This result supports the contribution of the hot Iceland plume on the evolution of the Vøring Margin. Our results also indicate that thin-crust models can produce a partially serpentinized mantle beneath the highly extended parts of the Vøring Basin. However, this model fails to reproduce observations. This suggests that serpentinization can occur locally but could not explain the entire lower crustal body nature.

• Bauck, Marit Stokke; Faleide, Jan Inge & Fossen, Haakon (2021). Late Jurassic to Late Cretaceous canyons on the Måløy Slope: Source to sink fingerprints on the northernmost North Sea rift margin, Norway. Norwegian Journal of Geology. ISSN 2387-5844. 101. doi: 10.17850/njg101-3-1. Full text in Research Archive
• Meza Cala, Juan Camilo; Tsikalas, Filippos; Faleide, Jan Inge & Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour (2021). New insights into the late Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the northern Lofoten-Vesterålen margin, offshore Norway. Marine and Petroleum Geology. ISSN 0264-8172. 134. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2021.105370. Full text in Research Archive
• Gernigon, Laurent; Zastrozhnov, Dmitrii; Planke, Sverre; Manton, Ben; Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour & Olesen, Odleiv [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2021). A digital compilation of structural and magmatic elements of the mid-Norwegian continental margin (Version 1.0). Norwegian Journal of Geology. ISSN 2387-5844. 101. doi: 10.17850/njg101-3-2. Full text in Research Archive
• Corseri, Romain; Planke, Sverre; Faleide, Jan Inge; Senger, Kim; Gelius, Leiv-J. & Johansen, Ståle Emil (2021). Opportunistic magnetotelluric transects from CSEM surveys in the Barents Sea. Geophysical Journal International. ISSN 0956-540X. 227(3), p. 1832–1845. doi: 10.1093/gji/ggab312.
• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge; Tsikalas, Filippos & Grimstad, Silje (2021). Interplay between base-salt relief, progradational sediment loading and salt tectonics in the Nordkapp Basin, Barents Sea – Part II. Basin Research. ISSN 0950-091X. 33(6), p. 3256–3294. doi: 10.1111/bre.12602. Full text in Research Archive
• Shulgin, Alexey A; Faleide, Jan Inge; Mjelde, Rolf; Breivik, Asbjørn Johan & Huismans, Ritske Sipke (2021). Crustal domains in the Western Barents Sea. Geophysical Journal International. ISSN 0956-540X. 221(3), p. 2155–2169. doi: 10.1093/GJI/GGAA112. Full text in Research Archive
• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge & Tsikalas, Filippos (2021). Effects of basement structures and Carboniferous basin configuration on evaporite distribution and the development of salt structures in Nordkapp Basin, Barents Sea—Part I. Basin Research. ISSN 0950-091X. 33(4), p. 2474–2499. doi: 10.1111/bre.12565. Full text in Research Archive
• Tsikalas, Filippos; Blaich, Olav Antonio; Faleide, Jan Inge & Olaussen, Snorre (2021). Stappen High–Bjørnøya Tectono-Sedimentary Element, Barents Sea. Geological Society of London Memoirs. ISSN 0435-4052. 57. doi: 10.1144/M57-2016-24.
• Lasabuda, Amando Putra Ersaid; Johansen, Nora Johanne Synnestvedt; Laberg, Jan Sverre; Faleide, Jan Inge; Senger, Kim & Rydningen, Tom Arne [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2021). Cenozoic uplift and erosion of the Norwegian Barents Shelf – A review. Earth-Science Reviews. ISSN 0012-8252. 217. doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2021.103609. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Uplift and erosion are complex phenomena in terms of their governing processes, precise timing and exact magnitude. The intricate relationship between different geodynamic processes leading to uplift may increase uncertainties in estimating spatial and temporal patterns. Sediment distribution from uplifted (and eroded) topography and the corresponding paleoenvironmental reconstructions require reliable constrains. The Barents Shelf provides a unique arena to study uplift and erosion due to extensive seismic and well data attributed to high petroleum activity. This particular interest has led to a voluminous literature about this topic over the last three decades. Here, we present the current status of the Cenozoic uplift and erosion on the Norwegian Barents Shelf by reviewing the key terminology, its tectonic history and paleoenvironment, methods in quantifying uplift and erosion, as well as timing and possible mechanisms. Our new erosion maps show an increase in net erosion to the north and northeast that represents key underlying concepts, including tectonic (compression, rift-flank uplift, thermo-mechanical coupling, mantle dynamics, flexural/isostatic response) as well as magmatic and glacial processes. We have integrated pre-glacial and glacial net erosion using the mass balance method and added our results from sonic velocity, interval velocity and sandstone diagenesis methods to the new maps. This review shows that discrepancies of net erosion estimates from different methods are on the order of 500 m. Finally, we identify research gaps for future studies, with implications for the Barents Shelf and other uplifted basins worldwide

• Bellwald, Benjamin; Planke, Sverre; Polteau, Stephane; Lebedeva-Ivanova, Nina; Faleide, Jan Inge & Zengaffinen-Morris, Sunniva Margrethe [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2021). Characterization of a glacial paleo-outburst flood using high-resolution 3-D seismic data: Bjørnelva River Valley, SW Barents Sea. Journal of Glaciology. ISSN 0022-1430. 67(263), p. 404–420. doi: 10.1017/jog.2020.115. Full text in Research Archive
• Millett, John M.; Manton, Ben M.; Zastrozhnov, Dmitrii; Planke, Sverre; Maharjan, Dwarika & Bellwald, Benjamin [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2020). Basin structure and prospectivity of the NE Atlantic volcanic rifted margin: cross-border examples from the Faroe–Shetland, Møre and Southern Vøring basins. Geological Society Special Publication. ISSN 0305-8719. 495, p. 99–138. doi: 10.1144/SP495-2019-12.
• Kalani, Mohsen; Faleide, Jan Inge & Gabrielsen, Roy Helge (2020). Palaeozoic-Mesozoic tectono-sedimentary evolution and magmatism of the Egersund Basin area, Norwegian central North Sea . Marine and Petroleum Geology. ISSN 0264-8172. 122. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104642. Full text in Research Archive
• Wiest, Johannes; Wrona, Thilo; Bauck, Marit Stokke; Fossen, Haakon; Gawthorpe, Rob & Osmundsen, Per Terje [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2020). From Caledonian collapse to North Sea Rift: The extended history of a metamorphic core complex. Tectonics. ISSN 0278-7407. 39:e2020TC006178(10). doi: 10.1029/2020TC006178. Full text in Research Archive
• Gac, Sebastien; Minakov, Alexander; Shephard, Grace; Faleide, Jan Inge & Planke, Sverre (2020). Deformation analysis in the Barents Sea in relation to paleogene transpression along the Greenland-Eurasia plate boundary. Tectonics. ISSN 0278-7407. 39(10). doi: 10.1029/2020TC006172. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Late Cretaceous‐Cenozoic contractional structures are widespread in the Barents Sea. While the exact dating of the deformation is unclear, it can only be inferred that the contraction is younger than the early Cretaceous. One likely contractional mechanism is related to Greenland Plate kinematics at Paleogene times. We use a thin sheet finite element modeling approach to compute deformation within the Barents Sea in response to the Greenland‐Eurasia relative motions during the Paleogene. The analytical solution for the 3‐D folding of sediments above basement faults is used to assess possibilities for folding. Two existing Greenland Plate kinematic models, differing slightly in the timing, magnitude, and direction of motion, are tested. Results show that the Greenland Plate's general northward motion promotes growing anticlines in the entire Barents Sea shelf. Our numerical models suggest that the fan‐shaped pattern of cylindrical anticlines in the Barents Sea can be associated with the Eurekan deformation concurrent to the initial rifting and early seafloor spreading in the northeast Atlantic. The main contraction phase in the SW Barents Sea coincides with the timing of continental breakup, whereas the peak of deformation predicted for the NW Barents Sea occurred at later times. Svalbard has experienced a prolonged period of compressional deformation. We conclude that Paleogene Greenland Plate kinematics are a likely candidate to explain contractional structures in the Barents Sea

• Breivik, Asbjørn Johan; Faleide, Jan Inge; Mjelde, Rolf; Flueh, Ernst & Murai, Yoshio (2020). Crustal structure and erosion of the Lofoten/Vesterålen shelf, northern Norwegian margin. Tectonophysics. ISSN 0040-1951. 776. doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2020.228318. Show summary

  The Norwegian continental shelf has been through several rift phases since the Caledonian orogeny. Early Cretaceous rifting created the largest sedimentary basins, and Early Cenozoic continental breakup between East Greenland and Europe affected the continental shelf to various degrees. The Lofoten/Vesterålen shelf is located off Northern Norway, bordering the epicontinental Barents Sea to the northeast, and the deep-water Lofoten Basin to the west. An ocean bottom seismometer/hydrophone (OBS) survey was conducted over the shelf and margin areas in 2003 to constrain crustal structure and margin development. This study presents Profile 8-03, located between the islands of Lofoten/Vesterålen and the shelf edge. The wide-angle seismic data were modeled using forward/inverse raytracing to build a crustal velocity-depth transect. Gravity modeling was used to resolve an ambiguity in seismic Moho identification in the southwestern part. Results show a crustal thickness of ~31 km, significantly thicker than what a vintage land station based study suggested. Profile 8-03 and other OBS profiles to the southwest show high sedimentary velocities at or near the seafloor, increasing rapidly with depth. Sedimentary velocities were compared to the velocity-depth function derived from an OBS profile at the Barents Sea margin, tied to a coincident well log, where there is little erosion. Results from this profile and the crossing Profile 6-03 (Breivik et al. 2017) indicate three major erosion episodes; Late Triassic-Early Jurassic, tentatively mid-Cretaceous, Late Cretaceous–early Cenozoic, and a minor late glacial erosion episode off Vesterålen.

• Bugge, Aina Juell; Lie, Jan Erik; Evensen, Andreas Kjelsrud; Nilsen, Espen Harris; Kolbjørnsen, Odd & Faleide, Jan Inge (2020). Data-driven identification of stratigraphic units in 3D seismic data usin hierarchical density-based clustering. Geophysics. ISSN 0016-8033. 85(5), p. IM15–IM26. doi: 10.1190/geo2019-0413.1.
• Hansen, Jørgen André; Mondol, Nazmul Haque; Tsikalas, Filippos & Faleide, Jan Inge (2020). Caprock characterization of Upper Jurassic organic-rich shales using acoustic properties, Norwegian Continental Shelf . Marine and Petroleum Geology. ISSN 0264-8172. 121. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104603. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Our analysis of a comprehensive well log database and complementary mineralogical and geochemical information indicates that the risk for Upper Jurassic shales on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) to permit severe leakage of hydrocarbons from the reservoir is generally low, even in the case of substantial uplift. The content of brittle minerals, organic content, and compaction are dominant factors that explain the observed discrepancies in acoustic properties of organic-rich caprock shales. In particular, variations in silt-clay content in clay-dominated shales are found to primarily influence sonic velocity and to correlate closely with gamma-ray where the uranium contribution is limited (“grey shales”). Changes in organic content exhibit a stronger density-component and are seen to counteract or mask the compaction effect on velocity and density in Kimmeridgian black shales. The Hekkingen, Draupne and Tau formations are distinctly different from the underlying grey shale formations in acoustic properties, despite that the latter group also contains significant amounts of organic matter. Based on the low permeability and high capillary sealing capacity of clay-dominated shales, we conclude that even for a silty seal, migration through the caprock matrix is highly unlikely. Furthermore, tectonic fracturing is an ineffective leakage mechanism when the seal is poorly consolidated/cemented prior to uplift. Brittleness, related to both mineralogical composition and consolidation, is consequently a crucial parameter for predicting seal integrity in exhumed basins. Our rock physics framework and interpretations relate this rather qualitative parameter to acoustic properties, and thus, to seismic data.

• Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Osmond, Johnathon L.; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2020). Structural analysis of the Smeaheia fault block, a potential CO2 storage site, northern Horda Platform, North Sea. Marine and Petroleum Geology. ISSN 0264-8172. 121. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104598. Full text in Research Archive
• Selway, Katherine; Smirnov, Maxim; Beka, Thomas; O'Donnell, John Paul; Minakov, Alexander & Senger, Kim [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2020). Magnetotelluric constraints on the temperature, composition, partial melt content, and viscosity of the upper mantle beneath Svalbard. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems. ISSN 1525-2027. 21(5). doi: 10.1029/2020GC008985.
• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge & Tsikalas, Filippos (2020). Architecture of the evaporite accumulation and salt structures dynamics in Tiddlybanken Basin, southeastern Norwegian Barents Sea. Basin Research. ISSN 0950-091X. 33(1), p. 91–117. doi: 10.1111/bre.12456. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  An extensive, reprocessed two-dimensional (2D) seismic data set was utilized together with available well data to study the Tiddlybanken Basin in the southeastern Norwegian Barents Sea, which is revealed to be an excellent example of base salt rift structures, evaporite accumulations and evolution of salt structures. Late Devonian–early Carboniferous NE-SW regional extensional stress affected the study area and gave rise to three halfgrabens that are separated by a NW-SE to NNW-SSE trending horst and an affiliated interference transfer zone. The arcuate nature of the horst is believed to be the effect of pre-existing Timanian basement grain, whereas the interference zone formed due to the combined effect of a Timanian (basement) lineament and the geometrical arrangement of the opposing master faults. The interference transfer zone acted as a physical barrier, controlling the facies distribution and sedimentary thickness of three-layered evaporitic sequences (LES). During the late Triassic, the northwestern part of a salt wall was developed due to passive diapirism and its evolution was influenced by halite lithology between the three-LES. The central and southeastern parts of the salt wall did not progress beyond the pedestal stage due to lack of halite in the deepest evaporitic sequence. During the Triassic–Jurassic transition, far-field stresses from the Novaya Zemlya foldand- thrust belt reactivated the pre-salt Carboniferous rift structures. The reactivation led to the development of the Signalhorn Dome, rejuvenated the northwestern part of the salt wall and affected the sedimentation rates in the southeastern broad basin. The salt wall together with the Signalhorn Dome and the Carboniferous pre-salt structures were again reactivated during post-Early Cretaceous, in response to regional compressional stresses. During this main tectonic inversion phase, the northwestern and southeastern parts of the salt wall were rejuvenated; however, salt reactivation was minimized towards the interference transfer zone beneath the centre of the salt wall.

• Corseri, Romain; Gac, Sebastien; Faleide, Jan Inge & Planke, Sverre (2020). The tectonized central peak of the Mjølnir Impact Crater, Barents Sea. Journal of Structural Geology. ISSN 0191-8141. 131. doi: 10.1016/j.jsg.2019.103953. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The Mjølnir structure, SW Barents Sea, is one of the best-preserved marine impact craters on Earth. After impact on the paleo-seafloor about 142 Ma ago, this crater experienced an atypical deformation of its central peak, which is now elevated ~435 m above the crater rims. Here, we investigate the effect of far-field tectonic stresses on the central peak uplift based on interpretation of new high-resolution P-Cable and conventional seismic reflection data. Nearby wells provided stratigraphic control on the interpreted horizons. The reconstruction of the crater sedimentary infill supports a subdued original central peak relief with a 5 km-wide, gentle mound ~15 m below the rim. Our interpretation shows that subvertical, outward-dipping, impact-induced faults were reactivated by uplifted segments of the central peak up to 500 m above the platform level during one or several contractional episodes. We postulate that post-Albian tectonic compressional events triggered the structural uplift of the Mjølnir central peak. Differential compaction, previously seen as the main deformation process, may have increased the original central peak height by only ~10 m. The mobilization of impact-shattered rocks by tectonic compression provides a new and robust explanation for the structural rise of Mjølnir's central peak.

• Zastrozhnov, Dmitry; Gernigon, Laurent; Gogin, Iakov; Planke, Sverre; Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour & Polteau, Stephane [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2020). Regional structure and polyphased Cretaceous-Paleocene rift and basin development of the mid-Norwegian volcanic passive margin. Marine and Petroleum Geology. ISSN 0264-8172. 115. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2020.104269.

View all works in Cristin

• Wong, Po Wan; Midtkandal, Ivar & Faleide, Jan Inge (2024). Early Paleogene rift-to-drift transition at the NE Atlantic – new insights from rift propagation and paired extension-compression.
• Lasabuda, Amando P. E.; Shephard, Grace; Faleide, Jan Inge; Salles, Tristan & Muller, Dietmar (2023). RECONSTRUCTING THE BARENTS SEAWAY IN THE CENOZOIC – THE BRAVO PROJECT. Show summary

  The Barents Seaway represents an important marine connection between the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. However, how and when precisely the Barents Seaway formed are not very well understood being overshadowed by its neighbor, the Fram Strait Gateway. The Bravo (Barents Sea Evolution) project will address this issue and aims at reconstructing the Barents Seaway paleobathymetry in the Cenozoic. The key challenge is to quantify the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of km-scale vertical movement of Cenozoic uplift and erosion due to glaciations and pre-glacial tectonism. BRAVO approach requires a comprehensive analysis of off-shelf sediment estimation, lithospheric strength, and other mantle-related processes in order to produce a reliable model. BRAVO will use extensive seismic and well data, and utilize numerical modelling technique using pyGPlates software. BRAVO will also test the paleobathymetry reconstructions by simulating the corresponding sediment source-to-sink in the Cenozoic using pyBadlands, an open-source codes for sediment transport, erosion and depositional processes. BRAVO is a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) project funded by the European Union’s Horizon Europe and the Research Council of Norway (2023-2026).

• Osmond, J.L.; Holden, Nora; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2023). Beyond Aurora and Smeaheia; structural traps and seals for additional CO2 storage within Jurassic Horda Platform aquifers.
• Hassan, Muhammad & Faleide, Jan Inge (2022). Crustal structure and evolution in the northern North Sea - constraints for structural restorations in Suprabasins.
• Lasabuda, Amando P. E.; Hanssen, Alfred; Laberg, Jan Sverre; Rydningen, Tom Arne; Patton, Henry & Faleide, Jan Inge [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2022). Underexplored continental shelf gateways: timing, mechanisms and role of SW Barents Sea Gateway, Norwegian Arctic. Full text in Research Archive
• Osmond, Johnathon; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Holden, Nora; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2022). Past fluid containment and present applications toward future CO2 storage in the northern Horda Platform, offshore Norway.
• Osmond, Johnathon; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Holden, Nora; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2022). Quaternary stratigraphy and pockmark mapping in the Norwegian Channel, northern North Sea.
• Osmond, Johnathon; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Würtzen, Camilla Louise; De La Cruz, E.; Skurtveit, Elin & Faleide, Jan Inge [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2022). Upper Jurassic through Lower Cretaceous seal characterization in the northern Horda Platform.
• Osmond, Johnathon; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Holden, Nora; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2022). Screening traps and seals for CO2 storage expansion in the northern Horda Platform, Norwegian North Sea. Show summary

  Evaluation and development of new and exciting CO2 storage opportunities on the Norwegian Continental Shelf is on the rise. Of note is the Aurora site located in northern Horda Platform of the Norwegian North Sea, where injection is scheduled to commence in 2024 under project Longship. While the planned injection volumes at Aurora are over 1.5 megatonnes per year, many more storage locations are required in order to meet international climate mitigation targets by 2050. Other parts of the northern Horda Platform show CO2 storage potential, but additional subsurface characterization is required. As a contribution towards this effort, I present two possible Jurassic storage complexes (Lower and Upper), where I discuss the presence of available storage aquifers, structural traps, as well as top and fault seals. Overall, our work supports the notion that the northern Horda Platform may be capable of hosting a future CO2 storage hub for northern Europe.

• Osmond, Johnathon; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Holden, Nora; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2022). Distribution of faulted Mesozoic and Tertiary seals for CO2 storage in the northern Horda Platform, Norwegian North Sea. Show summary

  This lecture summarizes a recent case study involving the derisking of geological seals for a potential offshore CO2 storage site. In the northern Horda Platform of the northern North Sea, the structural and stratigraphic architecture of the producing Troll East hydrocarbon field is directly analogous to the Alpha CO2 storage prospect in the Smeaheia fault block just to the east of the field. Building on this observation, we have mapped the proven regional seal units of Troll East in order to extrapolate and understand their distribution throughout the northern Horda Platform. Here, we utilize our results to compare Alpha with Troll East, and discuss top and fault seal presence in the context of derisking Alpha’s CO2 storage prospectivity.

• Shephard, Grace; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gaina, Carmen; Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour; Gac, Sebastien & Torsvik, Trond Helge (2022). Building deformable plate models for the Northeast Atlantic.
• Osmond, Johnathon L.; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Holden, Nora; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2022). Structural traps and seals for expanding CO2 storage in the northern Horda Platform, North Sea. Show summary

  Full-scale CO2 storage within the Norwegian Continental Shelf is scheduled to commence in 2024 at the Aurora site under project Longship and the Northern Lights JV. While tens of megatons of injected CO2 are anticipated over the coming years, many more storage locations are required in order to meet international climate mitigation targets by 2050. In the event of success at Aurora, the northern Horda Platform region could be further developed into a North Sea CO2 storage hub, but more subsurface evaluation is needed to identify prospective sites. Here, I present two possible Jurassic storage complexes (Lower and Upper), and discuss the presence of available storage aquifers, structural traps, as well as top and fault seals based on the latest 3D seismic and wellbore data. Our results indicate that both storage complex aquifers are preserved throughout the study area, and we have identified a total of 95 Lower and 64 Upper Jurassic fault-bound traps. Mapping, modeling, and formation pressure analyses suggest that top seals are sufficiently thick over the majority of identified traps, and provide vertical pressure barriers between storage aquifers. While across-fault juxtaposition seals appear to dominate the Upper Jurassic storage complexes, Lower Jurassic aquifers are often up-thrown against Middle and Upper Jurassic aquifers, posing a potential risk to CO2 containment for many Lower Jurassic footwall traps. However, I go on to show that apparent across fault pressure differentials and shale gouge ratio values >0.15 correlate at such juxtapositions, suggesting fault rock membrane seal presence. Moreover, I illustrate that aquifer self-juxtapositions are likely zones of poor fault seal within the study area. Overall, our work provides added support that the northern Horda Platform represents a promising location for CO2 storage expansion, carrying the potential to become a future storage hub for northern Europe.

• Osmond, Johnathon L.; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Holden, Nora; Leon, Elias H.; de La Cruz, Erika H. & Würtzen, Camilla Louise [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2022). Containment derisking of a potential CO2 storage hub in the Horda Platform, Norwegian North Sea.
• Gresseth, Julie Linnea Sehested; Braathen, Alvar; Serck, Christopher Sæbø; Faleide, Jan Inge & Osmundsen, Per Terje (2021). Late Paleozoic Supradetachment Basin Configuration in the SW Barents Sea - Intrabasement Seismic Facies Analysis of the Fingerdjupet Subbasin.
• Osmond, Johnathon L.; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Holden, Nora; Leon, Elias H.; de La Cruz, Erika H. & Würtzen, Camilla Louise [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2021). Structural traps, seals, and other geologic adventures — entertaining CO2 storage exploitation of the northern Horda Platform, North Sea .
• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge & Tsikalas, Filippos (2021). Pre-salt and post-salt evolution of the Nordkapp Basin: valuable insights of APA acreage.
• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge & Tsikalas, Filippos (2021). Southeastern Norwegian Barents Sea, pre-salt and supra salt evolution of the Tiddlybanken Basin and Nordkapp Basin.
• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge & Tsikalas, Filippos (2021). Southeastern Norwegian Barents Sea, Tiddlybanken Basin and Nordkapp Basin evolution.
• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge & Tsikalas, Filippos (2021). Pre-Salt and Supra-Salt Evolution of the Nordkapp Basin, Barents Sea.
• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge & Tsikalas, Filippos (2021). Evaporite-influenced rift basins and salt tectonics in the southeastern Norwegian Barents Sea.
• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge & Tsikalas, Filippos (2021). Pre-Salt Carboniferous Basin Configuration and Supra-Salt Evolution of the Nordkapp Basin, Barents Sea: Interplay between Pre-Salt Rift Architecture and Syn-Rift Layered Evaporitic Sequences, Sediment Progradation and Differential Loading. Show summary

  Reprocessed regional 2D seismic reflection profiles, 3D seismic data, available wells, and gravity and magnetic data, together with basin modelling are utilised to comprehend the pre-salt Carboniferous rift architecture and supra-salt evolution of the Nordkapp Basin (study area: ~150000 sqkm). The Nordkapp Basin evolved over a basement that had been affected by complex interaction between the Timanian and Caledonian structural elements. During the late Devonian-early Carboniferous NE-SW-oriented extension, the Nordkapp Basin consisted of a northern and a southern regional half-graben separated by an elevated interbasin ridge. During the late Carboniferous-early Permian, a second extension phase took place with a shift in stress orientation to NW-SE that influenced the two regional half-grabens and caused the development of seven sub-basins separated by interbasin transfer zones in the Nordkapp Basin. The relative depth of each sub-basin, the arrangement of structural highs along with evolving master faults and depositional paleo-environment all controlled the thickness and facies of syn-rift layered evaporitic sequences (LES). Some remnant topography existed in the Nordkapp Basin in the earliest Triassic, when a regional prograding system arrived from the east causing differential loading and triggering the salt movements, which in turn created significant local topography with mini-basins surrounding the growing salt structures. The resulting composite basin topography strongly influenced the Triassic progradational sediment routings and dictated both where the initial deposition could take place and the formation of distinct depositional fairways. Basin modelling and structural restoration have revealed that once the mobile salt depleted from the syn-rift LES beneath the axial zone then the salt structure was sourced from depocenter opposite to it. The salt structures were slightly rejuvenated due to the reactivation of the Carboniferous structures caused by the far-field stresses propagating during late Triassic in response to the evolving Novaya Zemlya fold-and-thrust belt farther to the east. The salt was depleted from the synrift LES by the early Cretaceous as the prograding shelf platform complex buried the salt structures. The main phase of rejuvenation of the salt structures took place during the early-middle Eocene as a result of the transpressional Eurekan/Spitsbergen orogeny farther to the northwest until the Cenozoic uplift eroded most of the post-middle Cretaceous sediments. The spatially diverse salt structures affected the late Permian to Cenozoic supra-salt sedimentary strata in the Nordkapp Basin which offers an excellent environment to study the distinct supra-salt structural styles, including turtle structures, secondary and thrusted welds, bowl vs wedge geometries, collided and secondary mini-basins, salt wings and megaflaps.

• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge; Tsikalas, Filippos & Grimstad, Silje (2021). Salt tectonics in the Nordkapp Basin, Barents Sea – Interplay between sediment progradation and differential loading, syn-rift layered evaporitic sequences and pre-salt rift architecture. Show summary

  The study utilised reprocessed regional 2D seismic reflection profiles, 3D seismic data, available wells and basin modelling to reveal the controlling factors for the supra-salt sedimentary evolution of the northeastern, central and southwestern segments of the Nordkapp Basin. The basin offers an excellent environment for the study of diverse supra-salt structural styles, including turtle structures, secondary squeezed and thrusted welds, collided mini-basins, bowl vs wedge geometries, salt wing and megaflap. The observed salt structures show different sizes, shapes, orientations and lateral extent that affect the late Permian to Cenozoic supra-salt sedimentation in the Nordkapp Basin. Some remnant topography existed in the Nordkapp Basin in the earliest Triassic related to the underlying late Devonian to early Carboniferous (NE-SW) and late Carboniferous to early Permian (NW-SE) extension structures that overprinted on the contrasting Timanian and Caledonian basement structural grains. A regional prograding system arrived from the east causing differential loading and triggering of salt movements, which in turn created significant local topography with mini-basins surrounding the growing salt structures. The resulting basin topography strongly influenced the Triassic progradational sediment routings and dictated both where the initial deposition could take place and the formation of distinct depositional fairways. The depositional fairways primarily formed by differential loading and density-driven subsidence caused by the progradational sedimentation, and have restricted the subsidence in the mini-basins outside the fairways. Once the mobile salt was depleted from the layered evaporitic sequences (LES) beneath the axial zone then the salt structure was sourced from the depocenter opposite to it. The salt was evacuated from the LES diachronically along the strike of the basin as the earliest passive diapirism occurred in the northeastern segment and then progressed to the central segment due to the direction of progradation of the approaching deltaic system. We suggest that the direction and the velocity of the prograding system arriving from the east filled the initial depositional fairways over the syn-rift LES and the pre-salt rift architecture thus defined the sedimentary depositional architecture within the Nordkapp Basin. The salt structures were slightly rejuvenated due to the reactivation of the Carboniferous structures caused by the far-field stresses propagating during late Triassic in response to the evolving Novaya Zemlya fold-and-thrust belt farther to the east. The salt was depleted from the LES by the early Cretaceous as the prograding shelf platform complex buried the salt structures. The main phase of rejuvenation of the salt structures took place during the early-middle Eocene as a result of the transpressional Eurekan/Spitsbergen orogeny farther to the northwest until the Cenozoic uplift eroded most of the post-middle Cretaceous sediments.

• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge & Tsikalas, Filippos (2021). Pre-salt Carboniferous basin architecture, structural inheritance and segmentation in the Nordkapp Basin, Barents Sea. Show summary

  Reprocessed regional 2D seismic reflection profiles, 3D seismic data, available wells, and gravity and magnetic data were used to study the pre-salt rift architecture in the Nordkapp Basin, Barents Sea, and its impact on the evaporite accumulations and distribution of salt structures. The basin is subdivided into three main segments (the northeastern, central, and southwestern sub-basins) and has evolved over the complex interaction between the Timanian and Caledonian structural basement grains. Each segment is characterized by prominent magnetic anomalies related to the Timanian and Caledonian structural inheritance. The rotated magnetic lineations associated with the Caledonian structures beneath the Finnmark Platform pass through the central segment, where the Middle Allochthonous Front creates the major sub-division between the two structural grains. We suggest that the rheological properties, locations, orientations and interaction of the parts of the basement influenced by Timanian and Caledonian structural grains together with two subsequent extensional phases, have strongly influenced the shallower pre-salt rift architecture. During the late Devonian – early Carboniferous NE-SW -oriented extensional phase, the Nordkapp Basin consisted of a northern and a southern regional halfgraben separated by an elevated interbasin ridge. The hinged margins of the northern and southern regional half-grabens were restricted against the NW-SE-striking graben beneath the Veslekari Dome and Troms- Finnmark Fault Complex, respectively. The internal configuration of the regional half-grabens was affected by the NW-SE-striking master faults. During the late Carboniferous to early Permian, a second extension phase took place with a shift in stress orientation to NW -SE and influenced the two regional half-grabens. In particular, a transfer fault with the character of an interbasin transfer zone (the northern transfer zone) divided the northern regional half-graben by separating its hinged margin (incipient northeastern segment) from the deeper part (incipient central segment). At the same time, the elevated interbasin ridge acted as a southern transfer zone, separating the incipient central and southwestern segments of the Nordkapp Basin. The Thor Iversen, Polstjerna, Måsøy and Nysleppen basin border fault systems were formed during the second extensional phase and reshaped the internal configuration of the two regional half-grabens. The structural interaction between the spatially variable Timanian and Caledonian structural grains overprinted by two subsequent phases of NE-SW and NW-SE extension caused the development of seven sub-basins in the Nordkapp Basin. Internally within the sub-basins, the evolving structural elements including cross-cutting master faults and structural highs have influenced the deposition and facies of the layered evaporitic sequences and defined the location of subsequent salt structures. We suggest that the relative depth of each sub-basin, the arrangement of structural highs along with the evolving master faults and the depositional paleo-environment all controlled the thickness and facies of the syn-rift layered evaporitic sequences.

• Osmond, Johnathon L.; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Holden, Nora; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2021). Structural derisking for CO2 storage in the northern Horda Platform, Norwegian North Sea.
• Medvedev, Sergei; Faleide, Jan Inge & Hartz, Ebbe Hvidegård (2021). Cenozoic reshaping of the Barents Shelf: Influence of erosion, sedimentation, and glaciation.
• Medvedev, Sergei; Faleide, Jan Inge & Hartz, Ebbe Hvidegård (2021). Cenozoic reshaping of the Barents-Kara Shelf: Influence of erosion, sedimentation, and glaciation.
• Osmond, Johnathon L.; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Holden, Nora; Leon, Elias H.; de La Cruz, Erika H. & Würtzen, Camilla Louise [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2021). Containment derisking of a potential CO2 storage hub in the Horda Platform, Norwegian North Sea .
• Osmond, Johnathon L.; Holden, Nora; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2021). Regional containment derisking for future CO2 storage in the Horda Platform, Norwegian North Sea. Show summary

  Full-scale CO2 storage within the Norwegian Continental Shelf is scheduled to commence in 2024 at the Aurora site under project Longship and the Northern Lights JV. While tens of megatons of injected CO2 are anticipated over the coming years, many more storage locations are required in order to meet international climate mitigation targets. In the event of success at Aurora, the remaining Horda Platform region could be further developed into a larger North Sea CO2 storage hub, but more subsurface evaluation is needed to identify prospective sites. Here, I present two possible Jurassic storage complexes (reservoirs and seals) and discuss some of my ongoing PhD work related to derisking traps, seals, and overburden geology in the region. It is hoped that these results can later be leveraged for more site-specific analyses so that new prospects can be matured to help supplement the storage volumes at Aurora site and to further develop CCS operations in the North Sea.

• Osmond, Johnathon L.; Leon, Elias H.; Holden, Nora; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Skurtveit, Elin & Faleide, Jan Inge [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2021). Geological derisking of a potential CO2 storage hub for Europe in offshore Norway . Show summary

  A Norwegian demonstration of the full-scale CCS value-chain is scheduled to commence in 2024. Carbon-dioxide captured from industrial sites in eastern Norway will be transported west, processed, and injected into the subsurface at the Aurora site in the northern North Sea. While Aurora represents a sizeable CO2 storage location, many more are needed in order to significantly reduce global emissions and meet climate mitigation goals. Ideally, developing additional storage sites within the vicinity of Aurora would expand on its soon-existing infrastructure, and create a potential CO2 storage hub for Norway and northern Europe. However, geological risks to CO2 containment must be identified and assessed before such a development could take place. Here, a summary of ongoing subsurface characterization work is presented in support of the storage hub concept in this region.

• Serck, Christopher Sæbø; Braathen, Alvar; Faleide, Jan Inge; Hassaan, Muhammad; Riber, Lars & Midtkandal, Ivar (2021). The Utsira High: Fault kinematics, structural restoration and the importance of unconformities.
• Serck, Christopher Sæbø; Braathen, Alvar; Faleide, Jan Inge; Hassaan, Muhammad; Riber, Lars & Midtkandal, Ivar (2021). Pre-Jurassic structural configuration of the Utsira High - Restoring the Viking Graben Boundary Fault.
• Serck, Christopher Sæbø; Riber, Lars; Braathen, Alvar; Faleide, Jan Inge & Midtkandal, Ivar (2021). Structural development of the Utsira High - ideas and challenges.
• Serck, Christopher Sæbø; Riber, Lars; Braathen, Alvar & Faleide, Jan Inge (2021). Permo-Triassic extension of the southern Utsira High - testing concepts II.
• Osmond, Johnathon L.; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Holden, Nora; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2021). Top and lateral seal characterizations for CCS in Jurassic saline aquifers, Horda Platform, Northern North Sea. Show summary

  Capture of industrially sourced CO₂ and transport to the Aurora subsurface storage site in the northern North Sea are approved to commence in 2024 under the direction of the Longship and Northern Lights projects. Results from well 31/5-7 drilled in early 2020 within exploitation license EL001 confirmed suitable parameters at Aurora (e.g., porosity, injectivity, etc.). While the geology of the site proves promising for CCS, it remains imperative to mature additional locations in order to meet current climate mitigation targets and establish the Horda Platform as a European storage hub. Planned injection and containment at Aurora will be hosted by the Lower Jurassic Dunlin Gp stratigraphic storage complex (storage aquifer and seals), however, the Upper Jurassic Viking Gp represents an additional storage complex. Moreover, Aurora is located in the western-most of three large, basement-rooted fault blocks, each showing storage potential. Hundreds of thick- and thin-skinned faults create two- and three-way structural traps for both storage complexes in all three fault blocks. Some Viking Gp traps contain hydrocarbons (e.g., Troll field), providing direct analogs, but should be avoided for CO₂ storage until the end of their production life around 2050. Nevertheless, the remaining structural traps currently make the most attractive storage prospects, as they can focus injected CO₂ in a predicable fashion, particularly during the early stages of the sequestration process before other trapping mechanisms take over (e.g., residual trapping). As both top and lateral seals must completely envelop the storage aquifer, understanding the distribution and nature of the seals is critical for predicting subsurface CO₂ containment. In order to provide insight towards additional CCS potential in the Horda Platform, we present a summation of top and lateral seal mapping, modeling, and observations for the Dunlin and Viking Gp storage complexes in the three major fault blocks. For the Dunlin Gp storage complex, interpretation of its top seal distribution from 3D seismic and wellbore data confirm seal presence in all three fault blocks, including that of the Aurora site. The majority of small thin-skinned faults at the Jurassic stratigraphic level and create aquifer juxtapositions against the top seal, while larger thick-skinned faults must provide membrane seals along the largest closures. In these latter cases, the Dunlin Gp sandstone aquifer is up-thrown and juxtaposed against the overlying Viking Gp sandstone aquifer, but shale gouge ratio analysis and regional aquifer pressures suggest favorable membrane fault seal potential. Top seal formations above the Viking Gp aquifer are determined to be present throughout the Horda Platform, but only the eastern-most fault block is currently prospective for CO₂ storage, given the high risk of contaminating producing fields in adjacent fault blocks. Fault seals in this case appear to be juxtaposition-controlled, even for thick-skinned faults, which are analogous to Troll East. Considering the availability of structural traps for expanding storage activities in the Horda Platform, our work infers that the presence top and lateral seals is probable for both the Dunlin and Viking Gp storage complexes.

• Würtzen, Camilla Louise; Osmond, Johnathon L.; Faleide, Jan Inge; Nystuen, Johan Petter; Anell, Ingrid Margareta & Midtkandal, Ivar (2021). Syn- to post rift alluvial basin fill: seismic stratigraphic analysis of Permian-Triassic deposition in the Horda Platform.
• Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Osmond, Johnathon L.; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2021). Structural analysis of the Smeaheia fault block, a potential CO2 storage site, northern Horda Platform. Show summary

  Smeaheia, a prominent fault block located on the Horda Platform, northern North Sea is identified as a potential subsurface CO2 storage site. We utilise the GN1101 3D and regional 2D seismic surveys to generate a high-resolution subsurface geomodel to inform the structural style and evolution of the fault block, to investigate geological controls on proposed CO2 storage and provide a geometric framework as a basis for future analyses. Two basement-involved (first-order) north-south trending fault systems, the Vette Fault Zone (VFZ) and the Øygarden Fault Complex (ØFC), bound the 15 km-wide fault block. Apart from activity during the Permo-Triassic (Rift Phase 1) and the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous (Rift Phase 2), we present evidence that rifting in this part of the North Sea continued into the Late Cretaceous with minor reactivation in the Palaeocene–Eocene. Two segments of the VFZ interacted and linked at a relay ramp during Rift Phase 2. Second-order (thin-skinned) faults show basement affinity and developed during Rift Phase 2 in two distinct pulses. A population of polygonal faults intersects the overburden and developed during the Eocene to middle Miocene. We have revised the areal extent of two structural closures that define the Smeaheia fault block, Alpha (VFZ footwall) and Beta (ØFC hanging wall) which consist of Upper Jurassic Viking Group target formations. Cross-fault juxtaposition analysis of the VFZ and second-order intra-block faults are presented and inform pressure communication pathways between the Smeaheia and Tusse fault block, as well as reservoir integrity and compartmentalisation. The geomodel further identifies important geological controls on CO2 storage in the fault block including a thinning caprock above the Alpha structure, and identification of hard-linkage between deep tectonic faults and shallow polygonal faults. Fault reactivation analysis was conducted on depth-converted faults to determine the risk of up-fault CO2 migration. Hydrostatic and depleted scenarios were modelled. Faults are modelled as classic cohesionless structures but also utilising parameters (cohesion and friction angle) derived from host rock mechanical analysis.

• Osmond, Johnathon L.; Holden, Nora; Leon, Elias H.; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Skurtveit, Elin & Faleide, Jan Inge [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2021). Top and lateral seal characterizations for CO2 storage in Jurassic saline aquifers of the Horda Platform.
• Gresseth, Julie Linnea Sehested; Braathen, Alvar; Serck, Christopher Sæbø; Faleide, Jan Inge & Osmundsen, Per Terje (2021). Late Paleozoic Supradetachment Basin Configuration in SW Barents Sea – intrabasement Seismic Facies of the Fingerdjupet Subbasin. .
• Faleide, Jan Inge (2020). observations on Devono-Permian evolution of Central North Sea.
• Serck, Christopher Sæbø; Riber, Lars; Braathen, Alvar & Faleide, Jan Inge (2020). Permo-Triassic extension of the southern Utsira High - testing concepts.
• Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Osmond, Johnathon L.; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2020). Summary of manuscript: Structural analysis of the Smeaheia fault block, a potential CO2 storage site, northern Horda Platform, North Sea.
• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge & Tsikalas, Filippos (2020). Pre-salt Carboniferous basin architecture, salt tectonics and basin modelling in the Nordkapp Basin, SW Barents Sea.
• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge & Tsikalas, Filippos (2020). Pre-salt Carboniferous basin architecture, salt tectonics and basin modelling in the Nordkapp Basin and adjacent parts of the SE Norwegian Barents Sea.
• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge & Tsikalas, Filippos (2020). Control of Carboniferous basinal evolution on evaporite accumulations and salt structures dynamics in the southeastern Norwegian Barents Sea.
• Osmond, Johnathon L.; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2020). Horda Platform geology and CCS research discussion.
• Osmond, Johnathon L.; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2020). Horda Platform geology and CCS research discussion.
• Osmond, Johnathon L.; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2020). Horda Platform geology and CCS research discussion.
• Osmond, Johnathon L.; Holden, Nora; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2020). Ongoing top and lateral seal characterizations for CO2 storage in the Horda Platform.
• Osmond, Johnathon L.; Mulrooney, Mark Joseph; Skurtveit, Elin; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2020). Ongoing top and lateral seal characterizations for CO2 storage in the Horda Platform.
• Medvedev, Sergei; Hartz, Ebbe Hvidegård & Faleide, Jan Inge (2020). Erosion-driven vertical motions of the circum Arctic: Comparative analysis of modern topography.
• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge & Tsikalas, Filippos (2020). Anatomy of the evaporite accumulation and salt wall evolution in Tiddlybanken Basin, southeastern Norwegian Barents Sea.
• Baig, Irfan & Faleide, Jan Inge (2020). Quaternary evolution of the North Sea Basin and its relevance to hydrocarbon exploration.
• Hassaan, Muhammad; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gabrielsen, Roy Helge & Tsikalas, Filippos (2021). Evaporite-influenced rift basins and salt tectonics in the southeastern Norwegian Barents Sea. University of Oslo: DUO Research Archieve. ISSN 1501-7710. Show summary

  The doctoral thesis is a collection of four published journal papers, which investigate the influence of the basement inheritance on the pre-salt basin configuration and its effects on the accumulation of the layered evaporite sequence, salt tectonics and post-salt sedimentation in evaporite-influenced rift basins. The thesis has shown that rheological properties, locations, orientation and interaction of inherited structures created zones of weakness that influenced the development of complex pre-salt basin architecture along with subsequent regional extensional phases. Consequently, the syn-rift to post-rift processes within discrete accommodation space of varying depth and depositional paleo-environment, have influenced the thickness and facies (mobile to non-mobile) of the layered evaporite sequence. The study highlights that the regional extension and prograding sediment influx direction, the sediment transport velocity and the sediment thickness influenced the dynamics of the early to late passive diapirism, the salt expulsion and the depletion, together with the layered evaporite thickness and facies that were affected by the pre-salt rift architecture. The salt structures and evaporite-cored domes were rejuvenated due to far-field contractional stresses and eventually uplift eroded the successions over their crests.

• Nipen, Helge; Midtkandal, Ivar; Faleide, Jan Inge & Braathen, Alvar (2020). Permo-Triassic basin development on the Horda Platform and Stord Basin - Prerift architecture and rift phase 1 evolution. 7Letras.

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