Tone Fredsvik Gregers

• Eliassen, June Edvarda; Bøe, Maria Vetleseter; Nederbragt, Lex; Berg, Marthe Mjøen & Gregers, Tone Fredsvik (2022). Motivasjon for beregningsorientert biologi og sammenhengen med matematikk R2 fra videregående opplæring. Nordic Journal of STEM Education. ISSN 2535-4574. 4(2), p. 58–70. doi: 10.5324/njsteme.v4i2.4026. Full text in Research Archive
• Gregers, Tone Fredsvik & Lunde, Mai Lill Suhr (2021). Students' understanding of the cell and cellular structures. Nordic Studies in Science Education. ISSN 1504-4556. 17(2), p. 225–241. doi: 10.5617/NORDINA.7306. Full text in Research Archive
• Sjøberg, Mari; Gregers, Tone Fredsvik; Ødegaard, Marianne & Tsigaridas, Kristin Glørstad (2020). Biologilæreres kryssing av kulturgrenser - fra en naturvitenskapelig kultur til en skolekultur. Nordic Studies in Science Education. ISSN 1504-4556. 16(1), p. 52–66. doi: 10.5617/NORDINA.6518. Full text in Research Archive
• Solbakken, Monica Hongrø; Jentoft, Sissel; Reitan, Trond; Mikkelsen, Helene; Gregers, Tone Fredsvik & Bakke, Oddmund [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2019). Disentangling the immune response and host-pathogen interactions in Francisella noatunensis infected Atlantic cod. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part D:Genomics and Proteomics. ISSN 1744-117X. 30, p. 333–346. doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2019.04.004. Full text in Research Archive
• Niazy, Naima; Temme, Sebastian; Bocuk, Derya; Giesen, Carmen; Konig, Angelika & Temme, Nadine [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2017). Misdirection of endosomal trafficking mediated by herpes simplex virus-encoded glycoprotein B. The FASEB Journal. ISSN 0892-6638. 31(4), p. 1650–1667. doi: 10.1096/fj.201600521R.
• Solbakken, Monica Hongrø; Tørresen, Ole Kristian; Nederbragt, Alexander Johan; Seppola, Marit; Gregers, Tone Fredsvik & Jakobsen, Kjetill Sigurd [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2016). Evolutionary redesign of the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua L.) Toll-like receptor repertoire by gene losses and expansions. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 6. doi: 10.1038/srep25211. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Genome sequencing of the teleost Atlantic cod demonstrated loss of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II, an extreme gene expansion of MHC class I and gene expansions and losses in the innate pattern recognition receptor (PRR) family of Toll-like receptors (TLR). In a comparative genomic setting, using an improved version of the genome, we characterize PRRs in Atlantic cod with emphasis on TLRs demonstrating the loss of TLR1/6, TLR2 and TLR5 and expansion of TLR7, TLR8, TLR9, TLR22 and TLR25. We find that Atlantic cod TLR expansions are strongly influenced by diversifying selection likely to increase the detectable ligand repertoire through neo- and subfunctionalization. Using RNAseq we find that Atlantic cod TLRs display likely tissue or developmental stage-specific expression patterns. In a broader perspective, a comprehensive vertebrate TLR phylogeny reveals that the Atlantic cod TLR repertoire is extreme with regards to losses and expansions compared to other teleosts. In addition we identify a substantial shift in TLR repertoires following the evolutionary transition from an aquatic vertebrate (fish) to a terrestrial (tetrapod) life style. Collectively, our findings provide new insight into the function and evolution of TLRs in Atlantic cod as well as the evolutionary history of vertebrate innate immunity.

• Sand, Kine Marita Knudsen; Landsverk, Ole J. B.; Berg-Larsen, Axel; Bakke, Oddmund & Gregers, Tone Fredsvik (2014). The human-specific invariant chain isoform Iip35 modulates Iip33 trafficking and function. Immunology and Cell Biology. ISSN 0818-9641. 92(9), p. 791–798. doi: 10.1038/icb.2014.54.
• Waelchli, Sebastien; Kumari, Shraddha; Fallang, Lars-Egil; Sand, Kine Marita Knudsen; Yang, Weiwen & Landsverk, Ole J. B. [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2014). Invariant chain as a vehicle to load antigenic peptides on human MHC class I for cytotoxic T-cell activation. European Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0014-2980. 44(3), p. 774–784. doi: 10.1002/eji.201343671.
• Berg-Larsen, Axel; Landsverk, Ole J. B.; Progida, Cinzia ; Gregers, Tone Fredsvik & Bakke, Oddmund (2013). Differential Regulation of Rab GTPase Expression in Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells upon Lipopolysaccharide Activation: A Correlation to Maturation-Dependent Functional Properties. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 8(9). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073538.
• Malmstrøm, Martin; Jentoft, Sissel; Gregers, Tone Fredsvik & Jakobsen, Kjetill Sigurd (2013). Unraveling the Evolution of the Atlantic Cod’s (Gadus morhua L.) Alternative Immune Strategy. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 8(9). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074004. Full text in Research Archive
• Gregers, Tone Fredsvik; Skånland, Sigrid Strand; Waelchli, Sebastien; Bakke, Oddmund & Sandvig, Kirsten (2013). BiP Negatively Affects Ricin Transport. Toxins. ISSN 2072-6651. 5(5), p. 969–982. doi: 10.3390/toxins5050969.
• Skjeldal, Frode Miltzow; Strunze, Sten; Bergeland, Trygve; Walseng, Even; Gregers, Tone Fredsvik & Bakke, Oddmund (2012). The fusion of early endosomes induces molecular-motor-driven tubule formation and fission. Journal of Cell Science. ISSN 0021-9533. 125(8), p. 1910–1919. doi: 10.1242/jcs.092569.
• Landsverk, Ole J. B.; Barois, Nicolas; Gregers, Tone Fredsvik & Bakke, Oddmund (2011). Invariant chain increases the half-life of MHC II by delaying endosomal maturation. Immunology and Cell Biology. ISSN 0818-9641. 89(5), p. 619–629. doi: 10.1038/icb.2010.143.
• Star, Bastiaan; Nederbragt, Alexander Johan; Jentoft, Sissel; Grimholt, Unni; Malmstrøm, Martin & Gregers, Tone Fredsvik [Show all 42 contributors for this article] (2011). The genome sequence of Atlantic cod reveals a unique immune system. Nature. ISSN 0028-0836. 477(7363), p. 207–210. doi: 10.1038/nature10342. Full text in Research Archive
• Landsverk, OJB; Bakke, Oddmund & Gregers, TF (2009). MHC II and the Endocytic Pathway: Regulation by Invariant Chain. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 70(3), p. 184–193. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2009.02301.x.
• Walchli, S; Skånland, Sigrid Strand; Gregers, Tone Fredsvik; Lauvrak, Silje Anett Ugland; Torgersen, Maria Lyngaas & Ying, M [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2008). The mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 links Shiga toxin-dependent signaling and trafficking. Molecular Biology of the Cell. ISSN 1059-1524. 19(1), p. 95–104. doi: 10.1091/mbc.E07-06-0565.
• Slominska-Wojewodzka, M; Gregers, Tone Fredsvik; Waelchli, Sebastien & Sandvig, Kirsten (2006). EDEM is involved in retrotranslocation of ricin from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol. Molecular Biology of the Cell. ISSN 1059-1524. 17, p. 1664–1675.
• Michaelsen, Terje Einar; Thommesen, John E.; Ihle, Øistein; Gregers, Tone F.; Sandin, Randi Helene & Brekke, Ole Henrik [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2006). A mutant human IgG molecule with only one C1q binding site can activate complement and induce lysis of target cells. European Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0014-2980. 36(1), p. 129–138. doi: 10.1002/eji.200535178. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  There are potentially two binding sites for C1q on IgG, one on each C(H)2 domain of the gamma heavy chains, close to the lower hinge region. It is not clear whether the presence and involvement of both the C1q binding sites is necessary to induce the activation signal of human IgG. In order to clarify this issue, we made a hybrid mutant IgG1/IgG3 molecule where the IgG1 half of the molecule was made unable to activate complement through the introduction of a P329A mutation. The IgG3 half of the molecule was mutated to harbor a hinge region identical to that of IgG1, and for detection a peptide tag derived from p21ras was introduced into the FG loop of the C(H)1 domain. The hybrid IgG1P329A/IgG3h1-ras molecules were isolated by Protein A affinity chromatography and shown to activate complement and induce complement-mediated lysis at the same levels as wild-type IgG1 and IgG3h1-ras molecules. Thus, one C1q binding site per IgG is sufficient to induce activation. Wild-type human IgG molecules might also normally expose only one C1q binding site as already shown for interaction with FcgammaR, were IgG expose one binding site per molecule.

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• Eliassen, June Edvarda; Bøe, Maria Vetleseter; Nederbragt, Lex & Gregers, Tone Fredsvik (2021). Motivasjon for beregningsorientert biologi og sammenhengen med matematikk R2 fra videregående opplæring.
• Erlien, Wenche; Sørborg, Øystein; Gregers, Tone Fredsvik; Haug, Berit S & Korsager, Majken (2021). Virus og vaksine. Show summary

  Undervisningsopplegg på fire økter for naturfag på ungdomstrinnet. Elevene skal finne ut hvorfor vi kan vi bli syke av virus, hvordan immunforsvaret virker og hva vaksiner betyr for folkehelsa. Underveis skal de bruke og lage modeller.

• Tellefsen, Cathrine Wahlstrøm; Tsigaridas, Kristin Glørstad & Gregers, Tone Fredsvik (2018). Science teacher education as an asset and an opportunity for educational development in STEM disciplinary departments.
• Gregers, Tone Fredsvik (2015). Slik fungerer vaksinene i barnevaksinasjonsprogrammet. Aftenposten Viten. ISSN 2464-3033.
• Gregers, Tone Fredsvik & Sørbye, Sveinung Wergeland (2014). Derfor blir menn sykere av influensa. [Internet]. ABC nyheter. Show summary

  Ved Stanford University School of Medicine har man sett nærmere på menn og kvinners reaksjoner på influensavaksinen, og studien viser at menn faktisk har det verre enn kvinner når de får influensa. Kvinner og menn med lavt testosteronnivå har et immunforsvar som beskytter bedre mot influensavirus enn de som er skikkelige testosteronbunter. Overlege ved avdeling for klinisk patologi ved Universitetssykeshuset i Nord-Norge, Sveinung Sørbye, stiller seg mer kritisk til studien. – Selv om kvinner har høyere immunrespons av influensavaksine når det gjelder antistoffer, betyr ikke det automatisk at man er mer utsatt for harde runder med influensa i den perioden av livet da man har høyest testosteronnivå, sier han.

• Wälchli, Sebastien; Landsverk, Ole J. B.; Fallang, Lars-Egil; Olweus, Johanna; Bakke, Oddmund & Gregers, Tone Fredsvik (2012). Invariant chain as a tool to load antigenic peptides on MHC class I. Molecular Immunology. ISSN 0161-5890. 51(1), p. 16–16. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2012.02.039.
• Sand, Kine Marita Knudsen; Landsverk, Ole J. B.; Bakke, Oddmund & Gregers, Tone Fredsvik (2012). Intracellular trafficking of the human invariant chain isoforms, Iip33 and Iip35. Molecular Immunology. ISSN 0161-5890. 51(1), p. 30–30. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2012.02.081.
• Berg-Larsen, Axel; Landsverk, Ole J. B.; Gregers, Tone Fredsvik & Bakke, Oddmund (2012). Rab GTPases are differentially regulated during DC maturation. Molecular Immunology. ISSN 0161-5890. 51(1), p. 8–8. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2012.02.016.
• Kucera, Ana; Bakke, Oddmund & Gregers, Tone Fredsvik (2012). Direct targeting of invariant chain to the MHC II loading compartment. Molecular Immunology. ISSN 0161-5890. 51(1), p. 20–21. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2012.02.054.
• Landsverk, Ole J. B.; Gregers, Tone Fredsvik & Bakke, Oddmund (2012). Differential regulation of MHC II and invariant chain expression during maturation of monocyte derived dendritic cells and how invariant chain increases the half-life of MHC II by delaying endosomal maturation. Molecular Immunology. ISSN 0161-5890. 51(1), p. 7–7. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2012.02.012.
• Star, Bastiaan; Nederbragt, Alexander Johan; Jentoft, Sissel; Grimholt, Unni; Malmstrøm, Martin & Gregers, Tone Fredsvik [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2011). The genome of Atlantic cod reveals a unique immune system.
• Kucera, Ana; Bakke, Oddmund & Gregers, Tone Fredsvik (2011). Direct Targeting of Invariant Chain to the MHC II Loading Compartment. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 73(4), p. 362–362.
• Berg-Larsen, Axel; Landsverk, Ole J. B.; Gregers, Tone Fredsvik & Bakke, Oddmund (2011). Rab GTPases are Differentially Regulated Duringe DC Maturation. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 73(4), p. 361–361.
• Sand, Kine Marita Knudsen; Bakke, Oddmund & Gregers, Tone Fredsvik (2011). The Role of li p35 in MHC Class II Antigen Presentation. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 73(4), p. 358–358.
• Kucera, Ana; Bakke, Oddmund & Gregers, Tone Fredsvik (2011). The Role of Inhibitory NKR-P1 Receptors in the Gut. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. 73(4), p. 362–363.

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