Siste publikasjoner

• Lau, Corinna; McAdam, MB; Bergseth, G; Grevys, Algirdas; Bruun, JA; Ludviksen, Judith K; Fure, Hilde; Espevik, Terje; Moen, A; Andersen, Jan Terje & Mollnes, Tom Eirik (2020). NHDL, a recombinant VL/VH hybrid antibody control for IgG2/4 antibodies.. mAbs.  ISSN 1942-0862.  12(1) . doi: 10.1080/19420862.2019.1686319 Vis sammendrag

  The mechanism of action of recombinant IgG2/4 antibodies involves blocking of their target without the induction of effector functions. Examples are eculizumab (Soliris®), which is used clinically to block complement factor C5, as well as anti-human CD14 (r18D11) and anti-porcine CD14 (rMIL2) produced in our laboratory. So far, no proper IgG2/4 control antibody has been available for controlled validation of IgG2/4 antibody functions. Here, we describe the design of a recombinant control antibody (NHDL), which was generated by combining the variable light (VL) and heavy (VH) chains from two unrelated specificities. NHDL was readily expressed and purified as a stable IgG2/4 antibody, and showed no detectable specificity toward any putative antigen present in human or porcine blood. The approach of artificial VL/VH combination may be adopted for the design of other recombinant control antibodies.

• Gutema, Tariku Mekonnen; Atickem, Anagaw; Tsegaye, Diress; Bekele, Afework; Sillero-Zubiri, Claudio; Marino, Jorgelina; Kasso, Mohammed; Venkataraman, Vivek V.; Fashing, Peter & Stenseth, Nils Christian (2019). Foraging ecology of African wolves (Canis lupaster) and its implications for the conservation of Ethiopian wolves (Canis simensis). Royal Society Open Science.  ISSN 2054-5703.  6(9) . doi: 10.1098/rsos.190772
• Mekonnen, Addisu; Fashing, Peter J.; Bekele, Afework & Stenseth, Nils Christian (2019). Use of cultivated foods and matrix habitat by Bale monkeys in forest fragments: Assessing local human attitudes and perceptions. American Journal of Primatology.  ISSN 0275-2565. . doi: 10.1002/ajp.23074
• Bjorbækmo, Marit Frederikke Markussen; Evenstad, Andreas; Røsæg, Line Lieblein; Krabberød, Anders Kristian & Logares, Ramiro (2019). The planktonic protist interactome: where do we stand after a century of research?. The ISME Journal.  ISSN 1751-7362. . doi: 10.1038/s41396-019-0542-5
• Nguéa P, Aurélie; Robertson, Joseph; Herrera, Maria Carmen; Chymkowitch, Pierre & Enserink, Jorrit (2019). Desumoylation of RNA polymerase III lies at the core of the Sumo stress response in yeast. Journal of Biological Chemistry.  ISSN 0021-9258.  294(49), s 18784- 18795 . doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.009721
• Heuschele, Jan David; Lode, Torben; Andersen, Tom; Borgå, Katrine & Titelman, Josefin (2019). An affordable and automated imaging approach to acquire highly resolved individual data—an example of copepod growth in response to multiple stressors. PeerJ.  ISSN 2167-8359.  7, s 1- 22 . doi: 10.7717/peerj.6776
• Sahlmann, Andrea Silke; Lode, Torben; Heuschele, Jan David; Borgå, Katrine; Titelman, Josefin & Hylland, Ketil (2019). Genotoxic Response and Mortality in 3 Marine Copepods Exposed to Waterborne Copper. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry.  ISSN 0730-7268.  38(10), s 2224- 2232 . doi: 10.1002/etc.4541
• Moustakas, Michael; Baycu, Gulriz; Gevrek, Nurbir; Moustaka, Julietta; Csatari, Istvan & Rognes, Sven Erik (2019). Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of photosystem II function during acclimation to zinc exposure and mineral nutrition changes in the hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens. Environmental science and pollution research international.  ISSN 0944-1344.  26(7), s 6613- 6624 . doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04126-0
• Lode, Heidrun Elisabeth; Gjølberg, TT; Foss, Stian; Sivertsen, Magne S.; Brustugun, Jørgen; Andersson, Yvonne; Jørstad, Øystein Kalsnes; Moe, Morten Carstens & Andersen, Jan Terje (2019). A new method for pharmaceutical compounding and storage of anti-VEGF biologics for intravitreal use in silicone oil-free prefilled plastic syringes.. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  9:18021(1), s 1- 10 . doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-54226-7 Vis sammendrag

  Intravitreal injections of antibody-based biologics targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are highly effective and have markedly decreased the risk of visual impairment associated with prevalent retinal diseases, such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetes macular oedema. The diseases are chronic in their nature, and most patients need long-term therapy to suppress disease activity. We previously reported a compounding method for repackaging and storage of aflibercept (Eylea), a commonly used anti-VEGF biologic, in silicone oil-coated plastic syringes without compromising drug stability or activity. In addition to improving safety and time spent per patient, compounding of anti-VEGF biologics enables single-dose vials to be split into multiple syringes, thereby considerably reducing waste and drug expenses. However, symptomatic silicone oil droplets may deposit in the eye's vitreous body after repetitive injections. To fully avoid this complication, we here report on a novel pharmaceutical compounding method using silicone oil-free syringes and a 33 G × 9 mm Low Dead Space Needle hub injection needle. We evaluate the method for three anti-VEGF biologics commonly used in ophthalmology: aflibercept, ranibizumab (Lucentis) and bevacizumab (Avastin). Our results show that compounding and storage for one week does not compromise the functional activity of the biologics and allows for safe and cost-effective compounding of anti-VEGF biologics for intravitreal injections in prefilled silicone oil-free syringes.

• van Oosten, H Herman; van den Burg, Arnold B; Arlt, Debora; Both, Christiaan; van den Brink, Nico W.; Chiu, Suzanne; Crump, Doug; Jeppsson, Tobias; de Kroon, Hans; Traag, Wim & Siepel, Henk (2019). Hatching failure and accumulation of organic pollutants through the terrestrial food web of a declining songbird in Western Europe. Science of the Total Environment.  ISSN 0048-9697.  650, s 1547- 1553 . doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.138
• Byskov, Kristina; M. le Gall, Sylvain; Thiede, Bernd; Camerer, Eric & Kanse, Sandip (2019). Protease activated receptors (PAR)‐1 and ‐2 mediate cellular effects of factor VII activating protease (FSAP).. The FASEB Journal.  ISSN 0892-6638. . doi: 10.1096/fj.201801986RR
• Huszthy, Peter Csaba; Gopalakrishnan, Ramakrishna Prabhu; Jacobsen, Johanne Tracey; Haabeth, Ole Audun; Løset, Geir Åge; Braathen, Ranveig; Schenck, Karl; Tveita, Anders Aune; Munthe, Ludvig Andre & Bogen, Bjarne (2019). B cell receptor ligation induces display of V-region peptides on MHC class II molecules to T cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.  ISSN 0027-8424.  116(51), s 25850- 25859 . doi: 10.1073/pnas.1902836116 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  The B cell receptors (BCRs) for antigen express variable (V) regions that are enormously diverse, thus serving as markers on individual B cells. V region-derived idiotypic (Id) peptides can be displayed as pId:MHCII complexes on B cells for recognition by CD4+ T cells. It is not known if naive B cells spontaneously display pId:MHCII in vivo or if BCR ligation is required for expression, thereby enabling collaboration between Id+ B cells and Id-specific T cells. Here, using a mouse model, we show that naive B cells do not express readily detectable levels of pId:MHCII. However, BCR ligation by Ag dramatically increases physical display of pId:MHCII, leading to activation of Id-specific CD4+ T cells, extrafollicular T-B cell collaboration and some germinal center formation, and production of Id+ IgG. Besides having implications for immune regulation, the results may explain how persistent activation of self-reactive B cells induces the development of autoimmune diseases and B cell lymphomas.

• Lopez, David Massa; Thelen, Melanie; Stahl, Felix; Thiel, Christian; Linhorst, Arne; Sylvester, Marc; Hermanns-Borgmeyer, Irm; Lullmann-Rauch, Renate; Eskild, Winnie; Saftig, Paul & Damme, Markus (2019). The lysosomal transporter mfsd1 is essential for liver homeostasis and critically depends on its accessory subunit glmp. eLIFE.  ISSN 2050-084X.  8 . doi: 10.7554/eLife.50025
• Hessen, Dag Olav (2019). Publiseringspirater og akademiske kappløp, I: Aksel Tjora (red.),  Universitetskamp.  Scandinavian Academic Press.  ISBN 978-82-304-0247-4.  Chapter.  s 43 - 56
• Vestre, Katharina; Kjos, Ingrid; Guadagno, Noemi Antonella; Distefano, Marita Borg; Kohler, Felix; Fenaroli, Federico; Bakke, Oddmund & Progida, Cinzia (2019). Rab6 regulates cell migration and invasion by recruiting Cdc42 and modulating its activity. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS).  ISSN 1420-682X.  76(13), s 2593- 2614 . doi: 10.1007/s00018-019-03057-w
• Eftestøl, Sindre; Flydal, Kjetil; Tsegaye, Diress & Colman, Jonathan Edward (2019). Mining activity disturbs habitat use of reindeer in Finnmark, Northern Norway. Polar Biology.  ISSN 0722-4060.  42(10), s 1849- 1858 . doi: 10.1007/s00300-019-02563-8
• Kwiatkowska, Monika; Bohdanowicz, Jerzy; Cubala, Marlena; Slomka, Aneta; Zabicka, Justyna; Zabicki, Piotr; Migdalek, Grzegorz; Marcussen, Thomas; Thiele, Kevin R. & Kuta, Elzbieta (2019). A new pollination system in non-cleistogamous species of Viola results from nyctinastic (night-closing) petal movements – A mixed outcrossing-selfing strategy. Flora: Morphologie, Geobotanik, Oekophysiologie.  ISSN 0367-2530.  253, s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1016/j.flora.2019.01.007
• Mousavi, Seyed Ali; Skjeldal, Frode Miltzow; Fønhus, Marita Sporstøl; Haugen, Linda Hofstad; Eskild, Winnie; Berg, Trond & Bakke, Oddmund (2019). Receptor-mediated endocytosis of VEGF-A in rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. BioMed Research International.  ISSN 2314-6133.  2019:5496197, s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1155/2019/5496197
• Hagelberg, Erika (2019). A Novel Child Burial from Tierra del Fuego: A Preliminary Report. Journal of Island & Coastal Archaeology.  ISSN 1556-4894. . doi: 10.1080/15564894.2019.1643429
• Andersen, Thorny Cesilie Bie; Kristiansen, Per Eugen; Huszenicza, Zsuzsa; Johansson, Maria U.; Gopalakrishnan, Ramakrishna Prabhu; Kjelstrup, Hanna; Boyken, Scott; Gjerstad, Vibeke Sundvold; Granum, Stine; Sørlie, Morten; Backe, Paul Hoff; Fulton, Bruce D; Karlsson, B.Göran; Andreotti, Amy H. & Spurkland, Anne (2019). The SH3 domains of the protein kinases ITK and LCK compete for adjacent sites on T cell-specific adapter protein. Journal of Biological Chemistry.  ISSN 0021-9258.  294(42), s 15480- 15494 . doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.008318
• Frick, Rahel; Gunnarsen, Kristin Støen; Dahal-Koirala, Shiva; Risnes, Louise Fremgaard; Sollid, Ludvig Magne; Sandlie, Inger; Høydahl, Lene Støkken & Løset, Geir Åge (2019). A TRAV26-1-encoded recognition motif focuses the biased T cell response in celiac disease. European Journal of Immunology.  ISSN 0014-2980.  s 1- 4 . doi: 10.1002/eji.201948235
• Bramanti, Barbara; Dean, Katharine Rose; Walløe, Lars & Stenseth, Nils Christian (2019). The third plague pandemic in Europe. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences.  ISSN 0962-8452.  286(1901) . doi: 10.1098/rspb.2018.2429
• Cristofari, Robin; Plaza, Paula; Fernandez, Claudia E; Trucchi, Emiliano; Gouin, Nicolas; Le Bohec, Céline; Zavalaga, Carlos; Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna & Luna-Jorquera, Guillermo (2019). Unexpected population fragmentation in an endangered seabird: the case of the Peruvian diving-petrel. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  9(1) . doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-38682-9
• Mehlhorn, Alexander T; Ugland, Karl Inne; Horterer, Hubert; Gottschalk, Oliver; Sudkamp, Norbert & Walther, Markus (2019). A high-profile thread with grit-blasted and acid-etched surface reduces loosening of medial column fusion bolt in instable Charcot foot. Foot and Ankle Surgery.  ISSN 1268-7731.  s 1- 7 . doi: 10.1016/j.fas.2019.08.004
• Gebremichael, Gelaye; Alemu, Diress Tsegaye; Bunnefeld, Nils; Zinner, Dietmar & Atickem, Anagaw Meshesha (2019). Fluctuating asymmetry and feather growth bars as biomarkers to assess the habitat quality of shade coffee farming for avian diversity conservation. Royal Society Open Science.  ISSN 2054-5703.  6(8), s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1098/rsos.190013
• Popper, Arthur N.; Hawkins, Anthony D.; Sand, Olav & Sisneros, Joseph A. (2019). Examining the hearing abilities of fishes. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.  ISSN 0001-4966.  146(2), s 948- 955 . doi: 10.1121/1.5120185
• Psilander, Niklas; Eftestøl, Einar; Cumming, Kristoffer Toldnes; Solgård, Inga Juvkam; Ekblom, Maria M.; Sunding, Kerstin; Wernbom, Mathias; Holmberg, Hans-Christer; Ekblom, Björn; Bruusgaard, Jo C.; Raastad, Truls & Gundersen, Kristian (2019). Effects of training, detraining, and retraining on strength, hypertrophy, and myonuclear number in human skeletal muscle. Journal of applied physiology.  ISSN 8750-7587.  126(6), s 1636- 1645 . doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00917.2018 Vis sammendrag

  Previously trained mouse muscles acquire strength and volume faster than naïve muscles; it has been suggested that this is related to increased myonuclear density. The present study aimed to determine whether a previously strength-trained leg (mem-leg) would respond better to a period of strength training than a previously untrained leg (con-leg). Nine men and 10 women performed unilateral strength training (T1) for 10 wk, followed by 20 wk of detraining (DT) and a 5-wk bilateral retraining period (T2). Muscle biopsies were taken before and after each training period and analyzed for myonuclear number, fiber volume, and cross-sectional area (CSA). Ultrasound and one repetition of maximum leg extension were performed to determine muscle thickness (MT) and strength. CSA (~17%), MT (~10%), and strength (~20%) increased during T1 in the mem-leg. However, the myonuclear number and fiber volume did not change. MT and CSA returned to baseline values during DT, but strength remained elevated (~60%), supporting previous findings of a long-lasting motor learning effect. MT and strength increased similarly in the mem-leg and con-leg during T2, whereas CSA, fiber volume, and myonuclear number remained unaffected. In conclusion, training response during T2 did not differ between the mem-leg and con-leg. However, this does not discount the existence of human muscle memory, since no increase in the number of myonuclei was detected during T1 and no clear detraining effect was observed for cell size during DT; thus, the present data did not allow for a rigorous test of the muscle memory hypothesis.

• Liow, Lee Hsiang & Taylor, Paul D. (2019). Cope's Rule in a modular organism: Directional evolution without an overarching macroevolutionary trend. Evolution.  ISSN 0014-3820.  73(9), s 1863- 1872 . doi: 10.1111/evo.13800
• Malecki, Jedrzej Mieczyslaw; Willemen, Hanneke L.D.M.; Pinto, Rita; Ho, Angela Yeuan Yen; Moen, Anders; Eijkelkamp, Niels & Falnes, Pål Øystein (2019). Human FAM173A is a mitochondrial lysine-specific methyltransferase that targets adenine nucleotide translocase and affects mitochondrial respiration. Journal of Biological Chemistry.  ISSN 0021-9258.  294, s 11654- 11664
• Pällmann, Nora; Livgård, Marte; Tesikova, Martina; Nenseth, Hatice Zeynep; Akkus, Erman; Sikkeland, Jørgen; Jin, Yixin; Koc, Dogukan; Kuzu, Ömer Faruk; Pradhan, Manohar; Danielsen, Håvard Emil; Kahraman, Nermin; Mokhlis, Hamada M.; Ozpolat, Bulent; Banerjee, Partha P.; Uren, Aykut; Fazli, Ladan; Rennie, Paul S.; Jin, Yang & Saatcioglu, Fahri (2019). Regulation of the unfolded protein response through ATF4 and FAM129A in prostate cancer. Oncogene.  ISSN 0950-9232.  38, s 6301- 6318 . doi: 10.1038/s41388-019-0879-2
• Prikrylova, Terezia; Robertson, Julia; Ferrucci, Francesca; Konorska, Dorota Joanna; Aanes, Håvard; Manaf, Adeel; Zhang, Beibei; Vågbø, Cathrine Broberg; Kusnierczyk, Anna; Gilljam, Karin Margaretha; Løvkvam-Køster, Caroline; Otterlei, Marit; Dahl, John Arne; Enserink, Jorrit; Klungland, Arne & Robertson, Adam Brian (2019). 5-hydroxymethylcytosine marks mammalian origins acting as a barrier to replication. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  9 . doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47528-3 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Labzin, LI; Bottermann, M; Rodriguez-Silvestre, P; Foss, Stian; Andersen, Jan Terje; Vaysburd, M; Clift, D & James, LC (2019). Antibody and DNA sensing pathways converge to activate the inflammasome during primary human macrophage infection.. EMBO Journal.  ISSN 0261-4189. . doi: 10.15252/embj.2018101365
• Bottermann, Maria; Foss, Stian; Caddy, Sarah L.; Clift, Dean; van Tienen, Laurens M.; Vaysburd, Marina; Cruickshank, James Kennedy; O'Connell, Kevin; Clark, Jessica; Mayes, Keith; Higginson, Katie; Lode, Heidrun Elisabeth; McAdam, Martin Berner; Sandlie, Inger; Andersen, Jan Terje & James, Leo C. (2019). Complement C4 prevents viral infection through capsid inactivation. Cell Host and Microbe.  ISSN 1931-3128.  25(4), s 617- 629.e7 . doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.02.016
• Bjorland, Siri; Gjerstad, Johannes; Schistad, Ellina Iordanova; Swanson, David & Røe, Cecilie (2019). Persistent lumbar radicular and low back pain; impact of genetic variability versus emotional distress. BMC Research Notes.  ISSN 1756-0500.  12(1), s 1- 6 . doi: 10.1186/s13104-019-4592-6 Vis sammendrag

  Objective: Earlier studies documenting the effect of candidate genes on recovery have seldom taken into consideration the impact of emotional distress. Thus, we aimed to assess the modifying effect of emotional distress on genetic variability as a predictor for pain recovery in lumbar radicular (LRP) and low back pain (LBP). Results: The study population comprised 201 patients and mean age was 41.7 years. The significant association between MMP9 rs17576 (B = 0.71, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.24, p = 0.009) and pain recovery remained statistically significant after adjusting for pain intensity at baseline, age, gender, smoking, body mass index, pain localization and emotional distress (B = 0.68, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.18, p = 0.008). In contrast, the association between OPRM1 (B = − 0.85, 95% CI − 1.66 to − 0.05, p = 0.038) and pain recovery was abolished in the multivariate analysis (B = − 0.72, 95% CI − 1.46 to 0.02, p = 0.058). Hence, MMP9 rs17576 and emotional distress independently seem to predict persistent back pain. The predictive effect of OPRM1 rs179971 with regard to the same outcome is probably dependent on other factors including emotional processing.

• Halnes, Geir; Tennøe, Simen; Haug, Trude; Einevoll, Gaute; Weltzien, Finn-Arne & Hodne, Kjetil (2019). A computational model for gonadotropin releasing cells in the teleost fish medaka. PLoS Computational Biology.  ISSN 1553-734X.  15(8), s 1- 28 . doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006662 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Pituitary endocrine cells fire action potentials (APs) to regulate their cytosolic Ca2+ concentration and hormone secretion rate. Depending on animal species, cell type, and biological conditions, pituitary APs are generated either by TTX-sensitive Na+ currents (INa), high-voltage activated Ca2+ currents (ICa), or by a combination of the two. Previous computational models of pituitary cells have mainly been based on data from rats, where INa is largely inactivated at the resting potential, and spontaneous APs are predominantly mediated by ICa. Unlike in rats, spontaneous INa-mediated APs are consistently seen in pituitary cells of several other animal species, including several species of fish. In the current work we develop a computational model of gonadotropin releasing cells in the teleost fish medaka (Oryzias latipes). The model stands out from previous modeling efforts by being (1) the first model of a pituitary cell in teleosts, (2) the first pituitary cell model that fires sponateous APs that are predominantly mediated by INa, and (3) the first pituitary cell model where the kinetics of the depolarizing currents, INa and ICa, are directly fitted to voltage-clamp data. We explore the firing properties of the model, and compare it to the properties of previous models that fire ICa-based APs. We put a particular focus on how the big conductance K+ current (IBK) modulates the AP shape. Interestingly, we find that IBK can prolong AP duration in models that fire ICa-based APs, while it consistently shortens the duration of the predominantly INa-mediated APs in the medaka gonadotroph model. Although the model is constrained to experimental data from gonadotroph cells in medaka, it may likely provide insights also into other pituitary cell types that fire INa-mediated APs.

• Straumfors, Anne; Foss, Oda Astrid Haarr; Fuss, Janina; Mollerup, Steen Kristen; Kauserud, Håvard & Mundra, Sunil (2019). The inhalable mycobiome of sawmill workers: Exposure characterization and diversity. Applied and Environmental Microbiology.  ISSN 0099-2240.  85:e01448-19(21), s 1- 17 . doi: 10.1128/AEM.01448-19 Vis sammendrag

  Exposure to fungal spores has been associated with respiratory symptoms and allergic alveolitis among sawmill workers, but the complexity of sawmill workers' fungal exposure has been poorly studied. We characterized the fungal diversity in air samples from sawmill workers' breathing zone, and identified differences in richness, diversity and taxonomic composition between companies, departments, wood types and seasons. Full-shift personal inhalable dust samples (n=86) collected from 11 industrial saw-, sorting-, and planer mill companies processing spruce and/or pine were subjected to DNA metabarcoding using the fungal Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region 2. The workers were exposed to a higher total number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in summer compared to winter, and when processing spruce compared with pine. Workers in the saw department had the richest fungal exposure followed by workers in the planing department and sorting of dry timber department. Sawmills explained 11% of the variation in fungal community composition of the exposure, followed by season (5%) and departments (3%). The fungal composition of the exposure differed between season, sawmills, wood types and departments also at the taxonomic levels, from phylum to species level. The differences in exposure diversity suggests that potential health effects of fungal inhalation also may be different, hence a risk assessment based on the fungal diversity differences should be performed. This study may serve as a basis towards establishing a fungal profile of signature species that are specific for sawmills and can be measured quantitatively in future risk assessments of sawmill workers.

• Luhr, Morten; Torgersen, Maria Lyngaas; Szalai, Paula; Hashim, Adnan; Brech, Andreas; Stärk, Judith & Engedal, Nikolai (2019). The kinase PERK and the transcription factor ATF4 play distinct and essential roles in autophagy resulting from tunicamycin-induced ER stress. Journal of Biological Chemistry.  ISSN 0021-9258.  294(20), s 8197- 8217 . doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.002829
• Skrede, Inger; Solbakken, Monica Hongrø; Hess, Jaqueline; Fossdal, Carl Gunnar; Hegnar, Olav Aaseth & Alfredsen, Gry (2019). Wood Modification by Furfuryl Alcohol Resulted in a Delayed Decomposition Response in Rhodonia (Postia) placenta. Applied and Environmental Microbiology.  ISSN 0099-2240.  85(14), s 1- 21 . doi: 10.1128/AEM.00338-19 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  The aim of this study was to investigate differential expression profiles of the brown rot fungus Rhodonia placenta (previously Postia placenta) harvested at several time points when grown on radiata pine (Pinus radiata) and radiata pine with three different levels of modification by furfuryl alcohol, an environmentally benign commercial wood protection system. The entire gene expression pattern of a decay fungus was followed in untreated and modified wood from initial to advanced stages of decay. The results support the current model of a two-step decay mechanism, with the expression of genes related to initial oxidative depolymerization, followed by an accumulation of transcripts of genes related to the hydrolysis of cell wall polysaccharides. When the wood decay process is finished, the fungus goes into starvation mode after five weeks when grown on unmodified radiata pine wood. The pattern of repression of oxidative processes and oxalic acid synthesis found in radiata pine at later stages of decay is not mirrored for the high-furfurylation treatment. The high treatment level provided a more unpredictable expression pattern throughout the incubation period. Furfurylation does not seem to directly influence the expression of core plant cell wall-hydrolyzing enzymes, as a delayed and prolonged, but similar, pattern was observed in the radiata pine and the modified experiments. This indicates that the fungus starts a common decay process in the modified wood but proceeds at a slower pace as access to the plant cell wall polysaccharides is restricted. This is further supported by the downregulation of hydrolytic enzymes for the high treatment level at the last harvest point (mass loss, 14%). Moreover, the mass loss does not increase during the last weeks. Collectively, this indicates a potential threshold for lower mass loss for the high-furfurylation treatment. IMPORTANCE Fungi are important decomposers of woody biomass in natural habitats. Investigation of the mechanisms employed by decay fungi in their attempt to degrade wood is important for both the basic scientific understanding of ecology and carbon cycling in nature and for applied uses of woody materials. For wooden building materials, long service life and carbon storage are essential, but decay fungi are responsible for massive losses of wood in service. Thus, the optimization of durable wood products for the future is of major importance. In this study, we have investigated the fungal genetic response to furfurylated wood, a commercial environmentally benign wood modification approach that improves the service life of wood in outdoor applications. Our results show that there is a delayed wood decay by the fungus as a response to furfurylated wood, and new knowledge about the mechanisms behind the delay is provided.

• Kotwicki, Stan & Ono, Kotaro (2019). The effect of random and density-dependent variation in sampling efficiency on variance of abundance estimates from fishery surveys. Fish and Fisheries.  ISSN 1467-2960.  20, s 760- 774 . doi: 10.1111/faf.12375
• Jacobsen, Daniel Pitz; Eriksen, Mina Baarnes; Rajalingam, Dhaksshaginy; Nymoen, Ingeborg; Nielsen, Morten Birkeland; Einarsen, Ståle & Gjerstad, Johannes (2019). Exposure to workplace bullying, microRNAs and pain; evidence of a moderating effect of miR-30c rs928508 and miR-223 rs3848900. Stress.  ISSN 1025-3890.  1, s 77- 86 . doi: 10.1080/10253890.2019.1642320 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Prolonged exposure to bullying behaviors may give rise to symptoms such as anxiety, depression and chronic pain. Earlier data suggest that these symptoms often are associated with stress-induced low-grade systemic inflammation. Here, using data from both animals and humans, we examined the moderating role of microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) in this process. In the present study, a resident-intruder paradigm, blood samples, tissue harvesting and subsequent qPCR analyses were used to screen for stress-induced changes in circulating miRNAs in rats. The negative acts questionnaire (NAQ), TaqMan assays and a numeric rating scale (NRS) for pain intensity were then used to examine the associations among bullying behaviors, relevant miRNA polymorphisms and pain in a probability sample of 996 Norwegian employees. In rats, inhibited weight gain, reduced pituitary POMC expression, adrenal Nr3c1 mRNA downregulation, as well as increased miR-146a, miR-30c and miR-223 in plasma were observed following 1 week of repeated exposure to social stress. When following up the miRNA findings from the animal study in the human working population, a stronger relationship between NAQ and NRS scores was observed in subjects with the miR-30c GG genotype (rs928508) compared to other subjects. A stronger relationship between NAQ and NRS scores was also seen in men with the miR-223 G genotype (rs3848900) as compared to other men. Our findings show that social stress may induce many physiological changes including changed expression of miRNAs. We conclude that the miR-30c GG genotype in men and women, and the miR-223 G genotype in men, amplify the association between exposure to bullying behaviors and pain.

• Cramer, Emily Rebecca A; Rowe, Melissah; Eroukhmanoff, Fabrice; Lifjeld, Jan Terje; Sætre, Glenn-Peter & Johnsen, Arild (2019). Measuring sperm swimming performance in birds: effects of dilution, suspension medium, mechanical agitation, and sperm number. Journal of Ornithology = Journal fur Ornithologie.  ISSN 0021-8375.  s 1- 11 . doi: 10.1007/s10336-019-01672-9
• Ikram, Samman; Heikal, Adam; Finke, Sarah; Hofgaard, Antje; Rehman, Yasir; Sabri, Anjum Nasim & Økstad, Ole Andreas (2019). Bacillus cereus biofilm formation on central venous catheters of hospitalised cardiac patients. Biofouling (Print).  ISSN 0892-7014.  35(2), s 204- 216 . doi: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1586889
• Von Bargen, Kristine; Scraba, Mirella; Kramer, I.; Ketterer, M.; Nehls, Christian; Krokowski, Sina; Repnik, Urska; Wittlich, Michaela; Maaser, Anna; Zapka, Pia; Bunge, Madeleine; Schlesinger, Martin; Huth, Gitta; Klees, Annette; Hansen, Philipp; Jeschke, Andreas; Bendas, Gerd; Utermohlen, Olaf; Griffiths, Gareth; Gutsmann, Thomas; Wohlmann, Jens & Haas, Albert (2019). Virulence-associated protein A from Rhodococcus equi is an intercompartmental pH-neutralising virulence factor. Cellular Microbiology.  ISSN 1462-5814.  21(1) . doi: 10.1111/cmi.12958
• Nissen-Meyer, Jon; Skotland, Tore; Østerud, Bjarne & Boye, Erik (2019). Improving scientific practice in sports-associated drug testing. The FEBS Journal.  ISSN 1742-464X.  s 1- 6 . doi: 10.1111/febs.14920
• Bello, Jan E; Stamm, Patrick; Leinaas, Hans Petter & Schulz, Stefan (2019). Viaticene A - An Unusual Tetraterpene Cuticular Lipid Isolated from the Springtail Hypogastrura viatica. European Journal of Organic Chemistry.  ISSN 1434-193X.  2019(11), s 2158- 2162 . doi: 10.1002/ejoc.201900224
• Thoen, Ella; Aas, Anders Bjørnsgard; Vik, Unni; Brysting, Anne Krag; Skrede, Inger; Carlsen, Tor & Kauserud, Håvard (2019). A single ectomycorrhizal plant root system includes a diverse and spatially structured fungal community. Mycorrhiza.  ISSN 0940-6360.  29(3), s 167- 180 . doi: 10.1007/s00572-019-00889-z
• Nordal, Inger; Borgen, Liv; Haraldsen, Kirsten Borse & Pedersen, Oddvar (2019). Et «dypdykk» i et livslangt forsknings-engasjement: Rolf Y. Berg. Blyttia : Norsk botanisk forenings tidsskrift.  ISSN 0006-5269.  77(1), s 35- 43
• Johansen, Wenche; Grove, Søren; Anonsen, Jan Haug; Moen, Anders; Agusti-Ridaura, Celia; Azar, Amir Sefidmouy & Strætkvern, Knut Olav (2019). Complement factor C5 in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Characterization of cDNA, protein and glycosylation. Developmental and Comparative Immunology.  ISSN 0145-305X.  100 . doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103424 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Complement component 5 (C5) is an essential factor of the defensive complement system in all vertebrates. We report the characterization of C5 cDNA and protein from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), a teleost fish species of high importance in aquaculture. The C5 cDNA cloned from liver is 5079 nucleotides long, whose translation product has a molecular weight of 190 kDa, with the classical β-α orientation and motifs/sites for β-α cleavage (678RPKR681) and cleavage by C5 convertases (R758). Mass spectrometric analysis show a single N-linked, biantennary, complex glycan at N1125. Moreover, the N-linked glycan displays an unusual modification in the form of acetylated sialic acid residues. Three anti-C5 antisera produced in mice using purified C5 worked in immunohistochemical analyses of formalin fixed liver tissue. The purification method, whereby inactive and activated (C5b) forms were isolated, opens for interesting studies on the complement function in fish, including possible connection to stress, disease and glycosylation.

• Hawkins, Anthony D.; Chapman, Colin; Fay, Richard R.; Horner, Kathleen; Popper, Arthur N. & Sand, Olav (2019). The pioneering contributions of Per Stockfleth Enger to fish bioacoustics. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.  ISSN 0001-4966.  145(3), s 1596- 1599 . doi: 10.1121/1.5095405
• Skotland, Tore & Sandvig, Kirsten (2019). The role of PS 18:0/18:1 in membrane function. Nature Communications.  ISSN 2041-1723.  10(1), s 1- 10 . doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-10711-1
• Ryvarden, Leif (2019). The genus Inonotus in Africa. Mycological progress.  ISSN 1617-416X.  18(5), s 653- 657 . doi: 10.1007/s11557-019-01478-2
• Hasvik, Eivind Olay; Haugen, Anne Julsrud; Haukeland-Parker, Stacey Marie; Rimehaug, Stein Arne; Gjerstad, Johannes & Grøvle, Lars (2019). Cross-Cultural adaptation and validation of the Norwegian short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire-2 in low back-related leg pain. Spine.  ISSN 0362-2436.  44(13), s E774- E781 . doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000002976 Vis sammendrag

  Study Design: A prospective observational study with translation and psychometric analyses of a questionnaire. Objective: Cross-cultural adaptation of the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire-2 into Norwegian. Summary of Background Data: The different versions of the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) have been important and influential tools for pain assessment. To more reliably assess qualities of both neuropathic and non-neuropathic pain, the Short-Form MPQ was revised in 2009 (SF-MPQ-2), including seven additional descriptors. No Norwegian adaptation of the SF-MPQ-2 has been performed. Methods: A translation of the SF-MPQ-2 was performed based on established guidelines. Forward-translations were compared and discussed in an expert workgroup. A synthesis was achieved by consensus. A backward translation was reviewed and consolidated with the forward translations to confirm linguistic equivalence. A prefinal version was tested in eight patients, who were interviewed to evaluate acceptability and comprehension of the questionnaire. Minor changes were implemented. The questionnaire was externally proofread. The final Norwegian version (NSF-MPQ-2) was tested for content and construct validity and internal consistency reliability in a population with low back-related leg pain. Results: The backward translation was in good accordance with the original version. The prefinal version showed excellent acceptability and comprehension in initial patient-testing. The NSF-MPQ-2 showed satisfactory content and construct validity, including responsiveness to change, and acceptable internal consistency reliability as measured by Cronbach's alpha. A confirmatory factor analysis showed poor fit for the established four-factor structure, especially regarding the neuropathic subscale. Conclusion: The NSF-MPQ-2 showed excellent acceptability and comprehension, satisfactory content and construct validity, including responsiveness to change, and internal consistency reliability as measured by Cronbach's alpha. However, a confirmatory factor analysis raised concerns regarding the factor-structure in the present population. Until more evidence emerges for the four-factor solution we suggest the NSF-MPQ-2 should be used as a single measure. Level of Evidence: 3

• Mysterud, Atle; Stigum, Vetle Malmer; Linløkken, Harald Kolstad; Herland, Anders & Viljugrein, Hildegunn (2019). How general are generalist parasites? The small mammal part of the Lyme disease transmission cycle in two ecosystems in northern Europe. Oecologia.  ISSN 0029-8549.  190(1), s 115- 126 . doi: 10.1007/s00442-019-04411-2
• Sowa-Rogozińska, Natalia; Sominska, Hanna; Nowakowska-Gołacka, Jowita; Sandvig, Kirsten & Słomińska-Wojewódzka, Monika (2019). Intracellular transport and cytotoxicity of the protein toxin ricin. Toxins.  ISSN 2072-6651.  11:350(6), s 1- 37 . doi: 10.3390/toxins11060350
• Hansen, Thomas F; Solvin, Thomas Mørtvedt & Pavlicev, Mihaela (2019). Predicting evolutionary potential: A numerical test of evolvability measures. Evolution.  ISSN 0014-3820.  73(4), s 689- 703 . doi: 10.1111/evo.13705 Vis sammendrag

  Despite sophisticated mathematical models, the theory of microevolution is mostly treated as a qualitative rather than a quantitative tool. Numerical measures of selection, constraints, and evolutionary potential are often too loosely connected to theory to provide operational predictions of the response to selection. In this paper, we study the ability of a set of operational measures of evolvability and constraint to predict short‐term selection responses generated by individual‐based simulations. We focus on the effects of selective constraints under which the response in one trait is impeded by stabilizing selection on other traits. The conditional evolvability is a measure of evolutionary potential explicitly developed for this situation. We show that the conditional evolvability successfully predicts rates of evolution in an equilibrium situation, and further that these equilibria are reached with characteristic times that are inversely proportional to the fitness load generated by the constraining characters. Overall, we find that evolvabilities and conditional evolvabilities bracket responses to selection, and that they together can be used to quantify evolutionary potential on time scales where the G‐matrix remains relatively constant.

• Couturier, Christine Stephanie; Stecyk, Jonathan Anthony William; Ellefsen, Stian; Sandvik, Guro Katrine; Milton, Sarah L.; Prentice, Howard M. & Nilsson, Göran Erik (2019). The expression of genes involved in excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in turtle (Trachemys scripta) brain during anoxic submergence at 21°C and 5°C reveals the importance of cold as a preparatory cue for anoxia survival. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part D:Genomics and Proteomics.  ISSN 1744-117X.  30, s 55- 70 . doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.12.010
• von Benda-Beckmann, Alexander M.; Wensveen, Paul Jacobus; Prior, Mark; Ainslie, Michael; Hansen, Rune Roland; Isojunno, Saana; Lam, Frans-Peter Alexander; Kvadsheim, Petter Helgevold & Miller, Patrick James O'Malley (2019). Predicting acoustic dose associated with marine mammal behavioural responses to sound as detected with fixed acoustic recorders and satellite tags. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America.  ISSN 0001-4966.  145(3), s 1401- 1416 . doi: 10.1121/1.5093543
• Wensveen, Paul J.; Isojunno, Saana; Hansen, Rune Roland; von Benda-Beckmann, Alexander M.; Kleivane, Lars; van IJsselmuide, Sander; Lam, Frans-Peter Alexander; Kvadsheim, Petter Helgevold; DeRuiter, Stacy L.; Curé, Charlotte; Narazaki, Tomoko; Tyack, Peter Lloyd & Miller, Patrick James O'Malley (2019). Northern bottlenose whales in a pristine environment respond strongly to close and distant navy sonar signals. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences.  ISSN 0962-8452.  286(1899), s 1- 10 . doi: 10.1098/rspb.2018.2592
• Grytten, Ivar; Rand, Knut Dagestad; Nederbragt, Alexander Johan; Storvik, Geir Olve; Glad, Ingrid Kristine & Sandve, Geir Kjetil (2019). Graph Peak Caller: Calling ChIP-seq peaks on graph-based reference genomes. PLoS Computational Biology.  ISSN 1553-734X.  15(2), s 1- 13 . doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006731
• Mysterud, Atle; Stigum, Vetle Malmer; Jaarsma, Ryanne I. & Sprong, Hein (2019). Genospecies of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato detected in 16 mammal species and questing ticks from northern Europe. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  9, s 1- 8 . doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41686-0
• Evankow, Ann; Christie, Hartvig C; Hancke, Kasper; Brysting, Anne Krag; Junge, Claudia; Fredriksen, Stein & Thaulow, Jens (2019). Genetic heterogeneity of two bioeconomically important kelp species along the Norwegian coast. Conservation Genetics.  ISSN 1566-0621.  20(3), s 615- 628 . doi: 10.1007/s10592-019-01162-8 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Knowledge of genetic diversity among wild populations is becoming increasingly important as more species are recognized for their bioeconomic value. Industrialization of natural resources, such as kelp in the marine shallow sublittoral zone through cultivation and wild-harvesting, may lead to extensive translocation and local population decimation. Without adequate resilience in the form of genetic diversity within and across populations and given the potential introduction of deleterious alleles from translocations, such anthropogenically pressured populations may not be able to sufficiently respond to future climate and other stressors. Here we provide an assessment of the genetic heterogeneity of two bioeconomically important kelp species, Laminaria hyperborea and Saccharina latissima, across the Norwegian coastal region from South (57°N) to North (78°N), by applying microsatellite genotyping. Isolation by distance was found for both kelp species when comparing genetic distance to geographic distance. L. hyperborea clustered into four distinct genetic groups corresponding to distinct geographical ecoregions, whereas S. latissima did not show equally strong geographical structuring but separated into three geographical clusters along the Norwegian coast. No genetic differentiation was found within the Norwegian Skagerrak region, corroborating previous findings. The identified genetic clustering of both kelp species supports the retention of established management regions along the Norwegian coast and argues for the continuation of a regional focused management plan for kelp resources. Further, the results demonstrate that care should be taken to prevent translocation of kelp between ecoregions in the ongoing industrialization of kelp cultivation, to maintain a healthy coastal ecosystem and sound natural population genetic diversity.

• Vindas, Marco; Helland-Riise, Siri Helene; Nilsson, Göran Erik & Øverli, Øyvind (2019). Depression-like state behavioural outputs may confer beneficial outcomes in risky environments. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  9, s 1- 8 . doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40390-3 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Recent theories in evolutionary medicine have suggested that behavioural outputs associated with depression-like states (DLS) could be an adaptation to unpredictable and precarious situations. In animal models, DLS are often linked to diverse and unpredictable stressors or adverse experiences. Theoretically, there are a range of potential fitness benefits associated with behavioural inhibition (typical to DLS), as opposed to more active/aggressive responses to adverse or uncontrollable events. This stance of evolutionary medicine has to our knowledge not been tested empirically. Here we address a possible key benefit of behavioural inhibition in a comparative model for social stress (territorial rainbow trout). By treating fish with the fast-acting antidepressant ketamine, we reversed the behavioural inhibition (i.e. stimulated an increase in activity level) in subordinate fish. During confrontation with a previously unfamiliar larger, aggressive and dominant individual, this increase in activity led to higher amounts of received aggression compared to sham-treated subordinates. This suggests that the behavioural inhibition characterizing animal models of DLS is indeed an effective coping strategy that reduces the risk of injuries in vulnerable social situations.

• Strand, David A; Johnsen, Stein Ivar; Rusch, Johannes C; Agersnap, Sune; Larsen, William Brenner; Knudsen, Steen Wilhelm; Møller, Peter Rask & Vrålstad, Trude (2019). Monitoring a Norwegian freshwater crayfish tragedy: eDNA snapshots of invasion, infection and extinction. Journal of Applied Ecology.  ISSN 0021-8901.  56(7), s 1661- 1673 . doi: 10.1111/1365-2664.13404 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  1. The European noble crayfish Astacus astacus is threatened by crayfish plague caused by the oomycete Aphanomyces astaci, which is spread by the invasive North American crayfish (e.g. signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus). Surveillance of crayfish plague status in Norway has traditionally relied on the monitoring survival of cage‐held noble crayfish, a method of ethical concern. Additionally, trapping is used in crayfish population surveillance. Here, we test whether environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring could provide a suitable alternative to the cage method, and a supplement to trapping. 2. We took advantage of an emerging crayfish plague outbreak in a Norwegian watercourse following illegal introduction of disease‐carrying signal crayfish, and initiated simultaneous eDNA monitoring and cage‐based surveillance, supplemented with trapping. A total of 304 water samples were filtered from several sampling stations over a 4‐year period. eDNA data (species‐specific quantitative real‐time PCR [qPCR]) for the presence of A. astaci, noble and signal crayfish within the water samples were compared to cage mortality and trapping. 3. This is the first study comparing eDNA monitoring and cage surveillance during a natural crayfish plague outbreak. We show that eDNA monitoring corresponds well with the biological status measured in terms of crayfish mortality and trapping results. eDNA analysis also reveals the presence of A. astaci in the water up to 2.5 weeks in advance of the cage method. Estimates of A. astaci and noble crayfish eDNA concentrations increased markedly during mortality and vanished quickly thereafter. eDNA provides a snapshot of the presence, absence or disappearance of crayfish regardless of season, and constitutes a valuable supplement to the trapping method that relies on season and legislation. 4. Synthesis and applications. Simultaneous eDNA monitoring of Aphanomyces astaci (crayfish plague) and relevant native and invasive freshwater crayfish species is well‐suited for early warning of invasion or infection, risk assessments, habitat evaluation and surveillance regarding pathogen and invasive/native crayfish status. This non‐invasive, animal welfare friendly method excludes the need for cage‐held susceptible crayfish in disease monitoring. Furthermore, eDNA monitoring is less likely to spread A. astaci than traditional methods. This study resulted in the implementation of eDNA monitoring for Norwegian crayfish plague and crayfish surveillance programmes, and we believe other countries could improve management strategies for freshwater crayfish using a similar approach.

• Shaw, Alan; Hoffecker, Ian T.; Smyrlaki, Ioanna; Rosa, João; Grevys, Algirdas; Bryant-Bratlie, Diane Lynn; Sandlie, Inger; Michaelsen, Terje Einar; Andersen, Jan Terje & Högberg, Björn (2019). Binding to nanopatterned antigens is dominated by the spatial tolerance of antibodies. Nature Nanotechnology.  ISSN 1748-3387.  14(2), s 184- 190 . doi: 10.1038/s41565-018-0336-3
• Poste, Amanda; Hoel, Cathrine Skaar; Andersen, Tom; Arts, Michael T.; Færøvig, Per-Johan & Borgå, Katrine (2019). Terrestrial organic matter increases zooplankton methylmercury accumulation in a brown-water boreal lake. Science of the Total Environment.  ISSN 0048-9697.  674, s 9- 18 . doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.446 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Increases in terrestrial organic matter (tOM) transport from catchments to boreal lakes can affect methylmercury (MeHg) accumulation in aquatic biota both directly by increasing concentrations of aqueous MeHg, and indirectly through effects on MeHg bioavailability and on energy pathways in the lower food web. We carried out a detailed seasonal study of water chemistry, zooplankton diet, and MeHg accumulation in zooplankton in two lakes with contrasting tOM concentrations. Between-lake differences explained 51% of the variability in our water chemistry data, with no observed effect of season or sampling depth, contrary to our expectations. Higher tOM was correlated with higher aqueous Hg concentrations, lower areal pelagic primary productivity, and an increased contribution of terrestrial particles to pelagic particulate organic matter. Based on dietary marker analysis (δ13C, δ15N, and fatty acid [FA] composition), zooplankton diet was strongly linked to feeding mechanism, with dietary reliance on phytoplankton highest in the selective-feeding calanoid copepods, and lowest in filter feeding cladocerans. Zooplankton dietary reliance on phytoplankton and their concentrations of high-quality lipids, including polyunsaturated fatty acids, were higher in the clear-water lake than in the brown-water lake, where bacterial and terrestrial food sources were more prevalent. MeHg was highest in zooplankton from the brown-water lake, with highest concentrations in the 200–500 μm zooplankton size fraction for both lakes. Contrary to our expectations, there was no effect of season on zooplankton dietary markers or MeHg. Our results suggest that, overall, higher tOM results in higher MeHg concentrations in water and zooplankton, and reduces zooplankton dietary reliance on phytoplankton. Increased tOM thus leads to a decrease in the nutritional quality of zooplankton (i.e. higher MeHg concentrations, and lower concentrations of essential fatty acids), which may cascade up the food web with negative implications for higher trophic levels.

• Mareš, Jan; Hájek, Jan; Urajová, Petra; Kust, Andreja; Jokela, Jouni; Saurav, Kumar; Galica, Tomáš; Čapková, Kateřina; Mattila, Antti; Haapaniemi, Esa; Permi, Perttu; Mysterud, Ivar; Skulberg, Olav M.; Karlsen, Jan; Fewer, David P.; Sivonen, Kaarina; Tønnesen, Hanne Hjorth & Hrouzek, Pavel (2019). Alternative biosynthetic starter units enhance the structural diversity of cyanobacterial lipopeptides. Applied and Environmental Microbiology.  ISSN 0099-2240.  8585:e02675-18(4) . doi: 10.1128/AEM.02675-18
• Sheng, Xia; Nenseth, Hatice Zeynep; Qu, Su; Kuzu, Ömer Faruk; Frahnow, Turid; Simon, Lukas; Greene, Stephanie; Zeng, Qingping; Fazli, Ladan; Rennie, Paul S.; Mills, Ian Geoffrey; Danielsen, Håvard Emil; Theis, Fabian; Patterson, John B.; Jin, Yang & Saatcioglu, Fahri (2019). IRE1α-XBP1s pathway promotes prostate cancer by activating c-MYC signaling. Nature Communications.  ISSN 2041-1723.  10:323, s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-08152-3
• Sikkeland, Jørgen; Lindstad, Torstein; Nenseth, Hatice Zeynep; Dezitter, Xavier Gabriel M; Qu, Su; Mohamed Muhumed, Ridhwan; Erikei, Meric; Gregor, Margaret F. & Saatcioglu, Fahri (2019). Inflammation and ER stress differentially regulate STAMP2 expression and localization in adipocytes. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental.  ISSN 0026-0495.  93, s 75- 85 . doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.01.014
• Andersen, Guri Sogn; Moy, Frithjof E & Christie, Hartvig (2019). In a squeeze: Epibiosis may affect the distribution of kelp forests. Ecology and Evolution.  ISSN 2045-7758.  9(5), s 2883- 2897 . doi: 10.1002/ece3.4967 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Mensali, Nadia; Grenov, Charlotte Amalie; Pati, Niladri Bhusan; Dillard, Pierre; Myhre, Marit Renee; Gaudernack, Gustav; Kvalheim, Gunnar; Inderberg, Else Marit; Bakke, Oddmund & Wälchli, Sébastien (2019). Antigen-delivery through invariant chain (CD74) boosts CD8 and CD4 T cell immunity. Oncoimmunology.  ISSN 2162-4011.  8(3), s e1558663-1- e1558663-14 . doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2018.1558663
• Lucas, Gavin; Ólafsson, Guðmundur; Palsdottir, Albina Hulda & Skarphéðinsson, Indriði (2019). From fisherman’s cottage to summerhouse towards an archaeology of poverty and affluence in early twentieth century Iceland.. Arcaeologia Islandica.  ISSN 1560-8026.  13, s 95- 132 Vis sammendrag

  This paper discusses the archaeology of a small cottage in Seltjarnarnes, near Reykjavík. It was built at the beginning of the twentieth century, home to a fisherman and his family but later used as a summerhouse. Using written and oral sources alongside the material remains, a history of the property is narrated and an attempt is made to contextualize the findings within the wider issues of poverty and affluence during a period of major social and economic transition in Iceland.

• Ekblad, Bie & Kristiansen, Per Eugen (2019). NMR structures and mutational analysis of the two peptides constituting the bacteriocin plantaricin S. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  9(1) . doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-38518-6
• Øya, Elisabeth; Becher, Rune; Ekeren, Leni Johanne; Afanou, Komlavi Anani; Øvrevik, Johan & Holme, Jørn Andreas (2019). Pro-Inflammatory Responses in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Induced by Spores and Hyphal Fragments of Common Damp Indoor Molds. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.  ISSN 1660-4601.  16(6), s 1- 16 . doi: 10.3390/ijerph16061085 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Damp indoor environments contaminated with different mold species may contribute to the development and exacerbation of respiratory illnesses. Human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were exposed to X-ray treated spores and hyphal fragments from pure cultures of Aspergillus fumigatus, Penicillum chrysogenum, Aspergillus versicolor and Stachybotrys chartarum. Hyphal fragments of A. fumigatus and P. chrysogenum induced expression and release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 and the chemokine IL-8, while none of the other hyphal preparations had effects. Hyphal fragments from A. fumigatus and P. chrysogenum also increased the expression of IL-1α, IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, but these cytokines were not released. X-ray treated spores had little or no inflammatory potential. Attenuating Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 by blocking antibodies strongly reduced the A. fumigatus and P. chrysogenum hyphae-induced IL-6 and IL-8 release, whereas TLR4 antagonist treatment was without effects. Untreated A. fumigatus spores formed hyphae and triggered expression of pro-inflammatory genes with similarities to the effects of hyphal fragments. In conclusion, while X-ray treated spores induced no pro-inflammatory responses, hyphal fragments of A. fumigatus and P. chrysogenum enhanced a TLR2-dependent expression and release of IL-6 and IL-8.

• Flydal, Kjetil; Tsegaye, Diress; Eftestøl, Sindre; Reimers, Eigil & Colman, Jonathan Edward (2019). Rangifer within areas of human influence: understanding effects in relation to spatiotemporal scales. Polar Biology.  ISSN 0722-4060.  42(1), s 1- 16 . doi: 10.1007/s00300-018-2410-6
• Chauhan, Nandini; Hatlem, Daniel; Rydmark, Marcella Orwick; Schneider, Kenneth; Flötenmeyer, Matthias; Van Rossum, Barth-J; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2019). Insights into the autotransport process of a trimeric autotransporter, Yersinia Adhesin A (YadA). Molecular Microbiology.  ISSN 0950-382X.  111(3), s 844- 862 . doi: 10.1111/mmi.14195
• Szwed, Marzena; Sønstevold, Tonje; Øverbye, Anders; Engedal, Nikolai; Grallert, Beata; Mørch, Ýrr Asbjørg; Sulheim, Einar; Iversen, Tore Geir; Skotland, Tore; Sandvig, Kirsten & Torgersen, Maria Lyngaas (2019). Small variations in nanoparticle structure dictate differential cellular stress responses and mode of cell death. Nanotoxicology.  ISSN 1743-5390.  13(6), s 761- 782 . doi: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1576238
• Kumar, Suresh; Gu, Yuexi; Abudu, Yakubu Princely; Bruun, Jack-Ansgar; Jain, Ashish; Farzam, Farzin; Mudd, Michal H.; Anonsen, Jan Haug; Rusten, Tor Erik; Kasof, Gary; Ktistakis, Nicholas; Lidke, Keith A; Johansen, Terje & Deretic, Vojo (2019). Phosphorylation of Syntaxin 17 by TBK1 Controls Autophagy Initiation. Developmental Cell.  ISSN 1534-5807.  49(1), s 130- 144.e6 . doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.01.027
• Christie, Hartvig; Gundersen, Hege; Rinde, Eli; Filbee-Dexter, Karen; Norderhaug, Kjell Magnus; Pedersen, Torstein; Bekkby, Trine; Gitmark, Janne K & Fagerli, Camilla W (2019). Can multitrophic interactions and ocean warming influence large-scale kelp recovery?. Ecology and Evolution.  ISSN 2045-7758.  9(5), s 2847- 2862 . doi: 10.1002/ece3.4963 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Ongoing changes along the northeastern Atlantic coastline provide an opportunity to explore the influence of climate change and multitrophic interactions on the recovery of kelp. Here, vast areas of sea urchin‐dominated barren grounds have shifted back to kelp forests, in parallel with changes in sea temperature and predator abundances. We have compiled data from studies covering more than 1,500‐km coastline in northern Norway. The dataset has been used to identify regional patterns in kelp recovery and sea urchin recruitment, and to relate these to abiotic and biotic factors, including structurally complex substrates functioning as refuge for sea urchins. The study area covers a latitudinal gradient of temperature and different levels of predator pressure from the edible crab (Cancer pagurus) and the red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus). The population development of these two sea urchin predators and a possible predator on crabs, the coastal cod (Gadus morhua), were analyzed. In the southernmost and warmest region, kelp forests recovery and sea urchin recruitment are mainly low, although sea urchins might also be locally abundant. Further north, sea urchin barrens still dominate, and juvenile sea urchin densities are high. In the northernmost and cold region, kelp forests are recovering, despite high recruitment and densities of sea urchins. Here, sea urchins were found only in refuge habitats, whereas kelp recovery occurred mainly on open bedrock. The ocean warming, the increase in the abundance of edible crab in the south, and the increase in invasive red king crab in the north may explain the observed changes in kelp recovery and sea urchin distribution. The expansion of both crab species coincided with a population decline in the top‐predator coastal cod. The role of key species (sea urchins, kelp, cod, and crabs) and processes involved in structuring the community are hypothesized in a conceptual model, and the knowledge behind the suggested links and interactions is explored.

• Hammerstad, Marta; Kjendseth, Åsmund Røhr & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2019). A Research-Inspired Biochemistry Laboratory Module - Combining Expression, Purification, Crystallization, Structure-Solving, and Characterization of a Flavodoxin-like Protein. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education.  ISSN 1470-8175.  47(3), s 318- 332 . doi: 10.1002/bmb.21218
• Ganan, Monica; Lorentzen, Silje Benedicte; Agger, Jane Wittrup; Heyward, Catherine Anne; Bakke, Oddmund; Knutsen, Svein Halvor; Aam, Berit Bjugan; Eijsink, Vincent; Gaustad, Peter & Sørlie, Morten (2019). Antifungal activity of well-defined chitooligosaccharide preparations against medically relevant yeasts. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  14(1) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210208 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Due to their antifungal activity, chitosan and its derivatives have potential to be used for treating yeast infections in humans. However, to be considered for use in human medicine, it is necessary to control and know the chemical composition of the compound, which is not always the case for polymeric chitosans. Here, we analyze the antifungal activity of a soluble and well-defined chito-oligosaccharide (CHOS) with an average polymerization degree (DPn) of 32 and fraction of acetylation (FA) of 0.15 (C32) on 52 medically relevant yeast strains. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) varied widely among yeast species, strains and isolates (from > 5000 to < 9.77 μg mL-1) and inhibition patterns showed a time- and dose-dependencies. The antifungal activity was predominantly fungicidal and was inversely proportional to the pH, being maximal at pH 4.5, the lowest tested pH. Furthermore, antifungal effects of CHOS fractions with varying average molecular weight indicated that those fractions with an intermediate degree of polymerization, i.e. DP 31 and 54, had the strongest inhibitory effects. Confocal imaging showed that C32 adsorbs to the cell surface, with subsequent cell disruption and accumulation of C32 in the cytoplasm. Thus, C32 has potential to be used as a therapy for fungal infections.

• Paiano, Aurora; Margiotta, Azzurra; De Luca, Maria & Bucci, Cecilia (2019). Yeast Two-Hybrid Assay to Identify Interacting Proteins. Current Protocols in Protein Science.  ISSN 1934-3655.  95(1) . doi: 10.1002/cpps.70
• Malecki, Jedrzej Mieczyslaw; Willemen, Hanneke L.D.M.; Pinto, Rita; Ho, Angela Yeuan Yen; Moen, Anders; Kjønstad, Ingrid Fadum; Burgering, Boudewijn M.T.; Zwartkruis, Fried; Eijkelkamp, Niels & Falnes, Pål Øystein (2018). Lysine methylation by the mitochondrial methyltransferase FAM173B optimizes the function of mitochondrial ATP synthase. Journal of Biological Chemistry.  ISSN 0021-9258.  294(4), s 1128- 1141 . doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.005473 Vis sammendrag

  Lysine methylation is an important post-translational modification that is also present on mitochondrial proteins, but the mitochondrial lysine-specific methyltransferases (KMTs) responsible for modification are in most cases unknown. Here, we set out to determine the function of human family with sequence similarity 173 member B (FAM173B), a mitochondrial methyltransferase (MTase) reported to promote chronic pain. Using bioinformatics analyses and biochemical assays, we found that FAM173B contains an atypical, noncleavable mitochondrial targeting sequence responsible for its localization to mitochondria. Interestingly, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated KO of FAM173B in mammalian cells abrogated trimethylation of Lys-43 in ATP synthase c-subunit (ATPSc), a modification previously reported as ubiquitous among metazoans. ATPSc methylation was restored by complementing the KO cells with enzymatically active human FAM173B or with a putative FAM173B orthologue from the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Interestingly, lack of Lys-43 methylation caused aberrant incorporation of ATPSc into the ATP synthase complex and resulted in decreased ATP-generating ability of the complex, as well as decreased mitochondrial respiration. In summary, we have identified FAM173B as the long-sought KMT responsible for methylation of ATPSc, a key protein in cellular ATP production, and have demonstrated functional significance of ATPSc methylation. We suggest renaming FAM173B to ATPSc-KMT (gene name ATPSCKMT).

• Strus, J; Tusek-Znidaric, M; Repnik, Urska; Blejec, A & Summers, A (2018). Microscopy of crustacean cuticle: Formation of a flexible extracellular matrix in moulting sea slaters Ligia pallasii. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom.  ISSN 0025-3154.  s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1017/S0025315418001017
• Taiaroa, George; Samuelsen, Ørjan; Kristensen, Tom; Økstad, Ole Andreas & Heikal, Adam (2018). Complete Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa K34-7, a Carbapenem-Resistant Isolate of the High-Risk Sequence Type 233. Microbiology Resource Announcements (MRA).  ISSN 2169-8287.  7(4), s 1- 2 . doi: 10.1128/MRA.00886-18 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Gutema, Tariku Mekonnen; Atickem, Anagaw Meshesha; Bekele, Afework; Sillero-Zubiri, Claudio; Kasso, Mohammed; Alemu, Diress Tsegaye; Venkataraman, Vivek V.; Fashing, Peter; Zinner, Dietmar & Stenseth, Nils Christian (2018). Competition between sympatric wolf taxa: an example involving African and Ethiopian wolves. Royal Society Open Science.  ISSN 2054-5703.  5(5), s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1098/rsos.172207 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Liu, Yingxin; Agthe, Michael; Salajkova, Michaela; Gordeyeva, Korneliya; Guccini, Valentina; Fall, Andreas; Salazar-Alvarez, German; Schutz, Christina & Bergström, Lennart (2018). Assembly of cellulose nanocrystals in a levitating drop probed by time-resolved small angle X-ray scattering. Nanoscale.  ISSN 2040-3364.  10(38), s 18113- 18118 . doi: 10.1039/c8nr05598j
• Angelini, Jindriska; Vosolsobe, Stanislav; Skupa, Petr; Ho, Angela Yeuan Yen; Bellinvia, Erica; Valentova, Olga & Marc, Jan (2018). Phospholipase Dδ assists to cortical microtubule recovery after salt stress. Protoplasma.  ISSN 0033-183X.  255(4), s 1195- 1204 . doi: 10.1007/s00709-018-1204-6
• Wang, Yu; Wang, Ziyi; Yu, Wenyang; Sheng, Xia; Zhang, Haolin; Han, Yingying; Yuan, Zhengrong & Weng, Qiang (2018). Seasonal expressions of androgen receptor, estrogen receptors and cytochrome P450 aromatase in the uteri of the wild daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus). European journal of histochemistry.  ISSN 1121-760X.  62(1), s 75- 82 . doi: 10.4081/ejh.2018.2889
• Gomez, Alvin; Bindesbøll, Christian; Somisetty, Venkata Satheesh; Grimaldi, Giulia; Hutin, David; MacPherson, Laura; Ahmed, Shaimaa; Tamblyn, Laura; Cho, Tiffany; Nebb, Hilde Irene; Moen, Anders; Anonsen, Jan Haug; Grant, Denis M & Matthews, Jason (2018). Characterization of TCDD-inducible poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (TIPARP/ARTD14) catalytic activity. Biochemical Journal.  ISSN 0264-6021.  475(23), s 3827- 3846 . doi: 10.1042/BCJ20180347 Vis sammendrag

  Here we report the biochemical characterization of the mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase (TIPARP/ARTD14/PARP7), which is known to repress aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)-dependent transcription. We found that the nuclear localization of TIPARP was dependent on a short N-terminal sequence and its zinc finger domain. Deletion and in vitro ADP-ribosylation studies identified amino acids 400- 657 as the minimum catalytically active region, which retained its ability to mono-ADPribosylate AHR. However, the ability of TIPARP to ADP-ribosylate and repress AHR in cells was dependent on both its catalytic activity and zinc-finger domain. The catalytic activity of TIPARP was resistant to meta-iodobenzylguanidine but sensitive to iodoacetamide and hydroxylamine, implicating cysteines and acidic side chains as ADP-ribosylated target residues. Mass spectrometry identified multiple ADP-ribosylated peptides in TIPARP and AHR. Electron transfer dissociation analysis of the TIPARP peptide 33ITPLKTCFK41 revealed cysteine 39 as a site for mono-ADP-ribosylation. Mutation of cysteine 39 to alanine resulted in a small, but significant, reduction in TIPARP auto-ribosylation activity, suggesting that additional amino acid residues are modified, but loss of cysteine 39 did not prevent its ability to repress AHR. Our findings characterize the subcellular localization and mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of TIPARP, identify cysteine as a mono-ADP-ribosylated residue targeted by this enzyme, and confirm the TIPARP-dependent mono-ADP-ribosylation of other protein targets, such as AHR

• Viacheslav, Spirin & Ryvarden, Leif (2018). Studies in Aphyllophorales of Africa 21: Some corticoid species from Ethiopia. Synopsis fungorum.  ISSN 0802-8966.  38, s 5- 8
• Ryvarden, Leif (2018). Studies in Aphyllophorales of Africa 26: The genus Tyromyces. Synopsis fungorum.  ISSN 0802-8966.  38, s 33- 40
• Ryvarden, Leif (2018). Studies in Aphyllophorales of Africa 25: New poroid species from East and Central Africa. Synopsis fungorum.  ISSN 0802-8966.  38, s 25- 32
• Ryvarden, Leif (2018). Studies in Aphyllophorales of Africa 24: A first checklist of Polypores from Mozambique. Synopsis fungorum.  ISSN 0802-8966.  38, s 20- 24
• Ryvarden, Leif (2018). Studies in Aphyllophorales of Africa 23: Some new species in Ceriporiopsis and Diplomitoporus. Synopsis fungorum.  ISSN 0802-8966.  38, s 12- 19
• Ryvarden, Leif (2018). Studies in Aphyllophorales of Africa 22: A first checklist of polypores from Malawi. Synopsis fungorum.  ISSN 0802-8966.  38, s 9- 11
• Skre, Oddvar; Karlsen, Stein Rune; Riseth, Jan Åge & Wielgolaski, Frans Emil (2018). Consequences of Future Expansion at the Arctic Treeline in Northernmost Norway.. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology: B.  ISSN 2161-6264.  8(3), s 195- 202 . doi: 10.17265/2161-6264/2018.03.006
• Dobrovolska, Olena; Brilkov, Maxim; Ødegård‑Fougner, Øyvind; Aasland, Rein & Halskau, Øyvind (2018). 1H, 13C, and 15N resonance assignments of CW domain of the N-methyltransferase ASHH2 free and bound to the mono-, di- and tri-methylated histone H3 tail peptides. Biomolecular NMR Assignments.  ISSN 1874-2718.  12(1), s 215- 220 . doi: 10.1007/s12104-018-9811-x
• Van Driessche, Alexandra; Kocere, Agnese; Everaert, Hannelien; Nuhn, Lutz; Van Herck, Simon; Griffiths, Gareth Wyn; Fenaroli, Federico & De Geest, Bruno G. (2018). pH-sensitive hydrazone-linked doxorubicin nanogels via polymeric-activated ester scaffolds: Synthesis, assembly, and in vitro and in vivo evaluation in tumor-bearing zebrafish. Chemistry of Materials.  ISSN 0897-4756.  30(23), s 8587- 8596 . doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b03702
• Crous, P.W.; Luangsa-ard, J.J.; Wingfield, M.J.; Carnegie, A.J.; Hernández-Restrepo, M.; Lombard, L.; Roux, J.; Barreto, R.W.; Baseia, I.G.; Cano-Lira, J.F.; Martín, M.P.; Morozova, O.V.; Stchigel, A.M.; Summerell, B.A.; Brandrud, Tor Erik; Dima, Bálint; Garcia, D.; Giraldo, A.; Guarro, J.; Gusmão, L.F.P.; Khamsuntorn, P.; Noordeloos, M.E.; Nuankaew, S.; Pinruan, U.; Rodríguez-Andrade, E.; Souza-Motta, C.M.; Thangavel, R.; van Iperen, A.L.; Abreu, V. P.; Accioly, T.; Alves, J. L.; Andrade, J.P.; Bahram, M.; Baral, H.-O.; Barbier, E.; Barnes, C.W.; Bendiksen, Egil; Bernard, E.; Bezerra, J.D.P.; Bezerra, J.L.; Bizio, E.; Blair, J.E.; Bulyonkova, T.M.; Cabral, T.S.; Caiafa, M.V.; Cantillo, T.; Colmán, A.A.; Conceição, L.B.; Cruz, S.; Cunha, A.O.B.; Darveaux, B.A.; da Silva, A.L.; da Silva, G.M. & Ryvarden, Leif (2018). Fungal Planet description sheets: 785– 867. Persoonia.  ISSN 0031-5850.  41, s 238- 417 . doi: 10.3767/persoonia.2018.41.12 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Angola, Gnomoniopsis angolensis and Pseudopithomyces angolensis on unknown host plants. Australia, Dothiora corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora, Neoeucasphaeria eucalypti (incl. Neoeucasphaeria gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus sp., Fumagopsis stellae on Eucalyptus sp., Fusculina eucalyptorum (incl. Fusculinaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus socialis, Harknessia corymbiicola on Corymbia maculata, Neocelosporium eucalypti (incl. Neocelosporium gen. nov., Neocelosporiaceae fam. nov. and Neocelosporiales ord. nov.) on Eucalyptus cyanophylla, Neophaeomoniella corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora, Neophaeomoniella eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus pilularis, Pseudoplagiostoma corymbiicola on Corymbia citriodora, Teratosphaeria gracilis on Eucalyptus gracilis, Zasmidium corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora. Brazil, Calonectria hemileiae on pustules of Hemileia vastatrix formed on leaves of Coffea arabica, Calvatia caatinguensis on soil, Cercospora solani-betacei on Solanum betaceum, Clathrus natalensis on soil, Diaporthe poincianellae on Poincianella pyramidalis, Geastrum piquiriunense on soil, Geosmithia carolliae on wing of Carollia perspicillata, Henningsia resupinata on wood, Penicillium guaibinense from soil, Periconia caespitosa from leaf litter, Pseudocercospora styracina on Styrax sp., Simplicillium filiforme as endophyte from Citrullus lanatus, Thozetella pindobacuensis on leaf litter, Xenosonderhenia coussapoae on Coussapoa floccosa. Canary Islands (Spain), Orbilia amarilla on Euphorbia canariensis. Cape Verde Islands, Xylodon jacobaeus on Eucalyptus camaldulensis. Chile, Colletotrichum arboricola on Fuchsia magellanica. Costa Rica, Lasiosphaeria miniovina on tree branch. Ecuador, Ganoderma chocoense on tree trunk. France, Neofitzroyomyces nerii (incl. Neofitzroyomyces gen. nov.) on Nerium oleander. Ghana, Castanediella tereticornis on Eucalyptus tereticornis, Falcocladium africanum on Eucalyptus brassiana, Rachicladosporium corymbiae on Corymbia citriodora. Hungary, Entoloma silvae-frondosae in Carpinus betulus-Pinus sylvestris mixed forest. Iran, Pseudopyricularia persiana on Cyperus sp. Italy, Inocybe roseascens on soil in mixed forest. Laos, Ophiocordyceps houaynhangensis on Coleoptera larva. Malaysia, Monilochaetes melastomae on Melastoma sp. Mexico, Absidia terrestris from soil. Netherlands, Acaulium pannemaniae, Conioscypha boutwelliae, Fusicolla septimanifiniscientiae, Gibellulopsis simonii, Lasionectria hilhorstii, Lectera nordwiniana, Leptodiscella rintelii, Parasarocladium debruynii and Sarocladium dejongiae (incl. Sarocladiaceae fam. nov.) from soil. New Zealand, Gnomoniopsis rosae on Rosa sp. and Neodevriesia metrosideri on Metrosideros sp. Puerto Rico, Neodevriesia coccolobae on Coccoloba uvifera, Neodevriesia tabebuiae and Alfaria tabebuiae on Tabebuia chrysantha. Russia, Amanita paludosa on bogged soil in mixed deciduous forest, Entoloma tiliae in forest of Tilia × europaea, Kwoniella endophytica on Pyrus communis. South Africa, Coniella diospyri on Diospyros mespiliformis, Neomelanconiella combreti (incl. Neomelanconiellaceae

• Kletting, Stephanie; Barthold, Sarah; Repnik, Urska; Griffiths, Gareth; Loretz, Brigitta; Schneider-Daum, Nicole; De Souza Carvalho-Wodarz, Cristiane & Lehr, Claus-Michael (2018). Co-culture of human alveolar epithelial (hAELVi) and macrophage (THP-1) cell lines. Altex.  ISSN 1868-596X.  35(2), s 211- 222 . doi: 10.14573/altex.1607191
• Cristofari, Robin; Liu, Xiaoming; Bonadonna, Francesco; Cherel, Yves; Pistorius, Pierre; Le Maho, Yvon; Raybaud, Virginie; Stenseth, Nils Christian; Le Bohec, Celine & Trucchi, Emiliano (2018). Climate-driven range shifts of the king penguin in a fragmented ecosystem. Nature Climate Change.  ISSN 1758-678X.  8(3), s 245- 251 . doi: 10.1038/s41558-018-0084-2
• Piredda, Roberta; Claverie, Jean-Michel; Decelle, Johan; de Vargas, Colomban; Dunthorn, Micah; Edvardsen, Bente; Eikrem, Wenche; Forster, D.; Koistra, Wiebe; Logares, Ramiro; Massana, Ramón; Montresor, Marina; Not, Fabrice; Ogata, Hiroyuki; Pawlowski, Jan M.; Romac, Sarah; Sarno, Diana; Stoeck, Thorsten & Zingone, Adriana (2018). Diatom diversity through HTS-metabarcoding in coastal European seas. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  8(1), s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-36345-9 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Diatoms constitute a diverse lineage of unicellular organisms abundant and ecologically important in aquatic ecosystems. Compared to other protists, their biology and taxonomy are well-studied, offering the opportunity to combine traditional approaches and new technologies. We examined a dataset of diatom 18S rRNA- and rDNA- (V4 region) reads from different plankton size-fractions and sediments from six European coastal marine sites, with the aim of identifying peculiarities and commonalities with respect to the whole protistan community. Almost all metabarcodes (99.6%) were assigned to known genera (121) and species (236), the most abundant of which were those already known from classic studies and coincided with those seen in light microscopy. rDNA and rRNA showed comparable patterns for the dominant taxa, but rRNA revealed a much higher diversity particularly in the sediment communities. Peculiar to diatoms is a tight bentho-pelagic coupling, with many benthic or planktonic species colonizing both water column and sediments and the dominance of planktonic species in both habitats. Overall metabarcoding results reflected the marked specificity of diatoms compared to other protistan groups in terms of morphological and ecological characteristics, at the same time confirming their great potential in the description of protist communities.

• Gutnik, Silvia; Thomas, Yann; Guo, Yanwu; Stoecklin, Janosch; Neagu, Anca; Pintard, Lionel; Merlet, Jorge & Ciosk, Rafal (2018). PRP-19, a conserved pre-mRNA processing factor and E3 ubiquitin ligase, inhibits the nuclear accumulation of GLP-1/Notch intracellular domain.. Biology Open.  ISSN 2046-6390.  7(7) . doi: 10.1242/bio.034066
• Dallenga, Tobias; Linnemann, Lara; Paudyal, Bhesh; Repnik, Urska; Griffiths, Gareth Wyn & Schaible, Ulrich E. (2018). Targeting neutrophils for host-directed therapy to treat tuberculosis. International Journal of Medical Microbiology.  ISSN 1438-4221.  308(1), s 142- 147 . doi: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2017.10.001
• Zhang, Kaiyi; Griffiths, Gareth Wyn; Repnik, Urska & Hornef, Mathias (2018). Seeing is understanding: Salmonella's way to penetrate the intestinal epithelium. International Journal of Medical Microbiology.  ISSN 1438-4221.  308(1), s 97- 106 . doi: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2017.09.011
• Blaxland, Kim; Ballard, Harvey E. & Marcussen, Thomas (2018). Viola pluviae sp. nov. (Violaceae), a member of subsect. Stolonosae in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. Nordic Journal of Botany.  ISSN 0107-055X.  36(9), s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1111/njb.01931
• Lode, Torben; Heuschele, Jan David; Andersen, Tom; Titelman, Josefin; Hylland, Ketil & Borgå, Katrine (2018). Predation Risk Potentiates Toxicity of a Common Metal Contaminant in a Coastal Copepod. Environmental Science and Technology.  ISSN 0013-936X.  52(22), s 13535- 13542 . doi: 10.1021/acs.est.8b03685
• Müller, Elisabeth; Speth, Martin; Christopoulos, Panagiotis; Lunde, Anna; Avdagic, Ajna; Øynebråten, Inger & Corthay, Alexandre (2018). Both type I and type II interferons can activate antitumor M1 macrophages when combined with TLR stimulation. Frontiers in Immunology.  ISSN 1664-3224.  9, s 1- 16 . doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02520
• Tran, Trung; Bollineni, Ravi Chand; Koehler, Christian & Thiede, Bernd (2018). Absolute two-point quantification of proteins using dimethylated proteotypic peptides. The Analyst.  ISSN 0003-2654.  143(18), s 4359- 4365 . doi: 10.1039/c8an01081a
• Brydegaard, Mikkel; Jansson, Samuel; Schulz, Marcus & Runemark, Anna (2018). Can the narrow red bands of dragonflies be used to perceive wing interference patterns?. Ecology and Evolution.  ISSN 2045-7758.  8(11), s 5369- 5384 . doi: 10.1002/ece3.4054
• Markworth, James F.; D'Souza, Randall F.; Aasen, Kirsten M.M.; Mitchell, Sarah M.; Durainayagam, Brenan R.; Sinclair, Andrew J.; Peake, Jonathan M.; Egner, Ingrid Marie; Raastad, Truls; Cameron-Smith, David & Mitchell, Cameron J. (2018). Arachidonic acid supplementation transiently augments the acute inflammatory response to resistance exercise in trained men. Journal of applied physiology.  ISSN 8750-7587.  125(2), s 271- 286 . doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00169.2018 Vis sammendrag

  Strenuous exercise can result in skeletal muscle damage, leading to the systemic mobilization, activation, and intramuscular accumulation of blood leukocytes. Eicosanoid metabolites of arachidonic acid (ARA) are potent inflammatory mediators, but whether changes in dietary ARA intake influence exercise-induced inflammation is not known. This study investigated the effect of 4 wk of dietary supplementation with 1.5 g/day ARA (n = 9, 24 ± 1.5 yr) or corn-soy oil placebo (n = 10, 26 ± 1.3 yr) on systemic and intramuscular inflammatory responses to an acute bout of resistance exercise (8 sets each of leg press and extension at 80% one-repetition maximum) in previously trained men. Whole EDTA blood, serum, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs), and skeletal muscle biopsies were collected before exercise, immediately postexercise, and at 2, 4, and 48 h of recovery. ARA supplementation resulted in higher exercise-stimulated serum creatine kinase activity [incremental area under the curve (iAUC) P = 0.046] and blood leukocyte counts (iAUC for total white cells, P < 0.001; neutrophils: P = 0.007; monocytes: P = 0.015). The exercise-induced fold change in peripheral blood mononuclear cell mRNA expression of interleukin-1β (IL1B), CD11b (ITGAM), and neutrophil elastase (ELANE), as well as muscle mRNA expression of the chemokines interleukin-8 (CXCL8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (CCL2) was also greater in the ARA group than placebo. Despite this, ARA supplementation did not influence the histological presence of leukocytes within muscle, perceived muscle soreness, or the extent and duration of muscle force loss. These data show that ARA supplementation transiently increased the inflammatory response to acute resistance exercise but did not impair recovery.

• Hozumi, Aya; Hong, Pei-Ying; Kaartvedt, Stein; Røstad, Anders & Jones, Burton H. (2018). Water quality, seasonality, and trajectory of an aquaculture-wastewater plume in the Red Sea. Aquaculture Environment Interactions.  ISSN 1869-215X.  10, s 61- 77 . doi: 10.3354/AEI00254
• Wilson, Maria; Haga, Jens Ådne Rekkedal & Karlsen, Hans Erik (2018). Behavioural responses to infrasonic particle acceleration in cuttlefish. Journal of Experimental Biology.  ISSN 0022-0949.  221, s 1- 10 . doi: 10.1242/jeb.166074 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Agostini, Antonio; Brunetti, Marta; Davidson, Ben; Tropé, Claes Gøran; Heim, Sverre; Panagopoulos, Ioannis & Micci, Francesca (2018). Identification of novel cyclin gene fusion transcripts in endometrioid ovarian carcinomas. International Journal of Cancer.  ISSN 0020-7136.  143(6), s 1379- 1387 . doi: 10.1002/ijc.31418 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Nilsen, Jeannette; Bern, Malin C.; Sand, Kine Marita Knudsen; Grevys, Algirdas; Dalhus, Bjørn; Sandlie, Inger & Andersen, Jan Terje (2018). Human and mouse albumin bind their respective neonatal Fc receptors differently. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  8:14648, s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-32817-0 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Gundersen, Kristian; Bruusgaard, Jo C.; Egner, Ingrid Marie; Eftestøl, Einar & Bengtsen, Mads (2018). Muscle memory: virtues of your youth?. Journal of Physiology.  ISSN 0022-3751.  596(18), s 4289- 4290 . doi: 10.1113/JP276354
• Calleja, Maria Ll; Ansari, Mohd I; Røstad, Anders; Silva, Luis; Kaartvedt, Stein; Irigoien, Xabier & Moran, Xose Anxelu G (2018). The mesopelagic scattering layer: A hotspot for heterotrophic prokaryotes in the Red Sea twilight zone. Frontiers in Marine Science.  ISSN 2296-7745.  5, s 1- 9 . doi: 10.3389/fmars.2018.00259 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Winje, Ivan; Sheng, Xia; Hansson, Kenth-Arne; Solbrå, Andreas Våvang; Tennøe, Simen; Saatcioglu, Fahri; Bruusgaard, Jo C. & Gundersen, Kristian (2018). Cachexia does not induce loss of myonuclei or muscle fibres during xenografted prostate cancer in mice. Acta Physiologica.  ISSN 1748-1708.  s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1111/apha.13204
• Wrobel, Agnieszka; Ottoni, Claudio; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2018). pYR4 From a Norwegian Isolate of Yersinia ruckeri Is a Putative Virulence Plasmid Encoding Both a Type IV Pilus and a Type IV Secretion System. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.  ISSN 2235-2988.  8, s 1- 14 . doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00373 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Enteric redmouth disease caused by the pathogen Yersinia ruckeri is a significant problem for fish farming around the world. Despite its importance, only a few virulence factors of Y. ruckeri have been identified and studied in detail. Here, we report and analyze the complete DNA sequence of pYR4, a plasmid from a highly pathogenic Norwegian Y. ruckeri isolate, sequenced using PacBio SMRT technology. Like the well-known pYV plasmid of human pathogenic Yersiniae, pYR4 is a member of the IncFII family. Thirty-one percent of the pYR4 sequence is unique compared to other Y. ruckeri plasmids. The unique regions contain, among others genes, a large number of mobile genetic elements and two partitioning systems. The G+C content of pYR4 is higher than that of the Y. ruckeri NVH_3758 genome, indicating its relatively recent horizontal acquisition. pYR4, as well as the related plasmid pYR3, comprises operons that encode for type IV pili and for a conjugation system (tra). In contrast to other Yersinia plasmids, pYR4 cannot be cured at elevated temperatures. Our study highlights the power of PacBio sequencing technology for identifying mis-assembled segments of genomic sequences. Comparative analysis of pYR4 and other Y. ruckeri plasmids and genomes, which were sequenced by second and the third generation sequencing technologies, showed errors in second generation sequencing assemblies. Specifically, in the Y. ruckeri 150 and Y. ruckeri ATCC29473 genome assemblies, we mapped the entire pYR3 plasmid sequence. Placing plasmid sequences on the chromosome can result in erroneous biological conclusions. Thus, PacBio sequencing or similar long-read methods should always be preferred for de novo genome sequencing. As the tra operons of pYR3, although misplaced on the chromosome during the genome assembly process, were demonstrated to have an effect on virulence, and type IV pili are virulence factors in many bacteria, we suggest that pYR4 directly contributes to Y. ruckeri virulence.

• Buccino, Alessio Paolo; Lepperød, Mikkel Elle; Dragly, Svenn-Arne; Häfliger, Philipp; Fyhn, Marianne & Hafting, Torkel (2018). Open source modules for tracking animal behavior and closed-loop stimulation based on Open Ephys and Bonsai. Journal of Neural Engineering.  ISSN 1741-2560.  15, s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1088/1741-2552/aacf45 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Nørstrud, Karoline Sletbak; Vindas, Marco; Nilsson, Göran Erik & Johansen, Ida Beitnes (2018). Short-term cortisol exposure alters cardiac hypertrophic and non-hypertrophic signalling in a time-dependent manner in rainbow trout. Biology Open.  ISSN 2046-6390.  7(12), s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1242/bio.037853 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Cardiac disease is a growing concern in farmed animals, and stress has been implicated as a factor for myocardial dysfunction and mortality in commercial fish rearing. We recently showed that the stress hormone cortisol induces pathological cardiac remodelling in rainbow trout. Wild and farmed salmonids are exposed to fluctuations and sometimes prolonged episodes of increased cortisol levels. Thus, studying the timeframe of cortisol-induced cardiac remodelling is necessary to understand its role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease in salmonids. We here establish that 3 weeks of cortisol exposure is sufficient to increase relative ventricular mass (RVM) by 20% in rainbow trout. Moreover, increased RVMs are associated with altered expression of hypertrophic and non-hypertrophic remodelling markers. Further, we characterised the time course of cortisol-induced cardiac remodelling by feeding rainbow trout cortisol-containing feed for 2, 7 and 21 days. We show that the effect of cortisol on expression of hypertrophic and non-hypertrophic remodelling markers is time-dependent and in some cases acute. Our data indicate that short-term stressors and life cycle transitions associated with elevated cortisol levels can potentially influence hypertrophic and non-hypertrophic remodelling of the trout heart.

• Buccino, Alessio Paolo; Kordovan, Michael; Ness, Torbjørn V; Merkt, Benjamin; Häfliger, Philipp; Fyhn, Marianne; Cauwenberghs, Gert; Rotter, Stefan & Einevoll, Gaute (2018). Combining biophysical modeling and deep learning for multielectrode array neuron localization and classification. Journal of Neurophysiology.  ISSN 0022-3077.  120(3), s 1212- 1232 . doi: 10.1152/jn.00210.2018 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Khezri, Abdolrahman; Jusdado, Juan German Herranz; Ropstad, Erik & Fraser, Thomas (2018). Mycotoxins induce developmental toxicity and behavioural aberrations in zebrafish larvae. Environmental Pollution (1987).  ISSN 0269-7491.  242, s 500- 506 . doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.07.010 Vis sammendrag

  Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by varieties of fungi that contaminate food and feed resources and are capable of inducing a wide range of toxicity. In the current study, we investigated developmental and behavioural toxicity in zebrafish larvae after exposure to six different mycotoxins; ochratoxin A (OTA), type A trichothecenes mycotoxin (T-2 toxin), type B trichothecenes mycotoxin (deoxynivalenol - DON), and zearalenone (ZEN) and its metabolites alpha-zearalenol (α-ZOL) and beta-zearalenol (β-ZOL). Developmental defects, hatching time, and survival were monitored until 96 h post fertilisation (hpf). The EC50, LC50, and IC50 values were calculated. Subsequently, to assess behavioural toxicity, new sets of embryos were exposed to a series of non-lethal doses within the range of environmental and/or developmental concern. Results indicated that all the tested mycotoxins were toxic, they all induced developmental defects, and with the exception of OTA, all affected hatching time. Behavioural effects were only observed following exposure to OTA and ZEN and its metabolites, α ZOL and β ZOL. These results demonstrate that mycotoxins are teratogenic and can influence behaviour in a vertebrate model.

• Rowlands, Daire; Lensjø, Kristian Kinden; Dinh, Tovy; Yang, Sujeon; Andrews, Melissa; Hafting, Torkel; Fyhn, Marianne; Fawcett, James W. & Dick, Gunnar (2018). Aggrecan directs extracellular matrix mediated neuronal plasticity. Journal of Neuroscience.  ISSN 0270-6474.  38(47), s 10102- 10113 . doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1122-18.2018 Vis sammendrag

  In the adult brain, the extracellular matrix (ECM) influences recovery after injury, susceptibility to mental disorders, and is in general a strong regulator of neuronal plasticity. The proteoglycan aggrecan is a core component of the condensed ECM structures termed perineuronal nets (PNNs), and the specific role of PNNs on neural plasticity remains elusive. Here, we genetically targeted the Acan gene encoding for aggrecan utilizing a novel animal model. This allowed for conditional and targeted loss of aggrecan in vivo, which ablated the PNN structure and caused a shift in the population of parvalbumin expressing inhibitory interneurons towards a high plasticity state. Selective deletion of the Acan gene in the visual cortex of male adult mice reinstated juvenile ocular dominance plasticity, which was mechanistically identical to critical period plasticity. Brain-wide targeting improved object recognition memory.

• Jakobsson, Magnus; Malecki, Jedrzej Mieczyslaw; Halabelian, Levon; Nilges, Benedikt S.; Pinto, Rita; Kudithipudi, Srikanth; Munk, Stephanie; Davydova, Erna; Zuhairi, Fawsi Rahmadiyan; Arrowsmith, Cheryl H; Jeltsch, Albert; Leidel, Sebastian A.; Olsen, Jesper V. & Falnes, Pål Øystein (2018). The dual methyltransferase METTL13 targets N terminus and Lys55 of eEF1A and modulates codon-specific translation rates. Nature Communications.  ISSN 2041-1723.  9:3411, s 1- 15 . doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-05646-y
• Schistad, Ellina Iordanova; Bjorland, Siri; Røe, Cecilie; Gjerstad, Johannes; Vetti, Nils; Myhre, Kjersti & Espeland, Ansgar (2018). Five-year development of lumbar disc degeneration—a prospective study. Skeletal Radiology.  ISSN 0364-2348.  s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1007/s00256-018-3062-x Vis sammendrag

  Objective: To examine the impact of demographic, clinical, and genetic factors as well as herniated discs on 5-year development of disc degeneration in the lumbar spine, and to investigate associations between changes in lumbar degenerative findings and pain. Materials and methods: In 144 patients with lumbar radicular pain or low back pain, we scored disc degeneration, herniated discs, and high-intensity zones in the posterior annulus fibrosus on lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at baseline and 5-year follow-up. Genotyping (TaqMan assay) was performed for genes encoding vitamin D receptor (VDR), collagen XIα (COL11A), matrix metalloproteinase 1/9 (MMP1/MMP9), and interleukin 1α/1RN (IL-1α/IL-1RN). Associations were analyzed using multivariate linear regression adjusted for age, sex, smoking, body mass index, and baseline scores for degenerated discs and herniated discs (when analyzing impact of baseline factors) or for pain (when analyzing associations with pain). Results: Progression of disc degeneration over 5 years was significantly (p < 0.001) related to higher age and less disc degeneration at baseline, but not to sex, smoking, body mass index, herniated discs, or variants in the studied genes. No associations were identified between changes in disc degeneration or high-intensity zones and pain at 5-year follow-up. However, increased number of herniated discs over 5 years was associated with pain at rest (p = 0.019). Conclusions: Age and disc degeneration at baseline, rather than genetic factors, influenced the 5-year development of disc degeneration in patients with lumbar radicular pain or low back pain. Development of herniated discs was related to pain at rest.

• Bråte, Inger Lise N; Hurley, Rachel; Iversen, Karine; Beyer, Jonny; Thomas, Kevin V; Steindal, Calin C; Green, Norman W; Olsen, Marianne & Lusher, Amy (2018). Mytilus spp. as sentinels for monitoring microplastic pollution in Norwegian coastal waters: A qualitative and quantitative study. Environmental Pollution (1987).  ISSN 0269-7491.  243(A), s 383- 393 . doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.08.077 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Microplastic (MP) contamination is ubiquitous in the environment and many species worldwide have been shown to contain MP. The ecological impact of MP pollution is still unknown, thus there is an urgent need for more knowledge. One key task is to identify species suitable as sentinels for monitoring in key eco-compartments, such as coastal waters. In Norway, mussels (Mytilus spp.) have been monitored for hazardous contaminants through OSPAR since 1981. Norway has the longest coastline in Europe and adding MP to the Norwegian Mussel Watch is therefore important in a European and global context. The present study reports MP data in mussels (332 specimens) collected from multiple sites (n = 15) spanning the whole Norwegian coastline. MPs were detected at all locations, except at one site on the west coast. Among the most surprising findings, mussels from the Barents Sea coastline in the Finnmark region, contained significantly more MPs than mussels from most of the southern part of the country, despite the latter sites being located much closer to major urban areas. Only mussels from a site located very close to Oslo, the capital, contained levels similar to those observed in the remote site in Finnmark. In total an average of 1.5 (±2.3) particles ind−1 and 0.97 (±2.61) particles w.w. g−1 was found. The most common MPs were <1 mm in size, and fibres accounted for 83% of particles identified, although there was inter-site variability. Thirteen different polymeric groups were identified; cellulosic being the most common and black rubbery particles being the second. This study suggests Mytilus spp. are suitable for semi-quantitative and qualitatively monitoring of MPs in coastal waters. However, some uncertainties remain including mussel size as a confounding factor that may influence ingestion, the role of depuration and other fate related processes, and this call for further research.

• Gamelon, Marlène; Tufto, Jarle; Nilsson, Anna; Jerstad, Kurt; Røstad, Ole Wiggo; Stenseth, Nils Christian & Sæther, Bernt-Erik (2018). Environmental drivers of varying selective optima in a small passerine: A multivariate, multiepisodic approach. Evolution.  ISSN 0014-3820.  72(11), s 2325- 2342 . doi: 10.1111/evo.13610 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Fenaroli, Federico; Repnik, Urska; Xu, Yitian; Johann, Kerstin; Van Herck, Simon; Dey, Pradip; Skjeldal, Frode Miltzow; Frei, Dominik Michael; Fam, Shahla Bagheri; Kocere, Agnese; Haag, Rainer; De Geest, Bruno G.; Barz, Matthias; Russell, David G. & Griffiths, Gareth Wyn (2018). Enhanced permeability and retention-like extravasation of nanoparticles from the vasculature into tuberculosis granulomas in zebrafish and mouse models. ACS Nano.  ISSN 1936-0851.  12(8), s 8646- 8661 . doi: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04433
• Valegård, Karin; Andralojc, P. John; Haslam, Richard P.; Pearce, F. Grant; Eriksen, Gunilla Kristina; Madgwick, Pippa J.; Kristoffersen, Anne Karin; van Lun, Michiel; Klein, Uwe; Eilertsen, Hans Christian; Parry, Martin A.J. & Andersson, Inger (2018). Structural and functional analyses of Rubisco from arctic diatom species reveal unusual posttranslational modifications. Journal of Biological Chemistry.  ISSN 0021-9258.  293(34), s 13033- 13043 . doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.003518
• Philipp, Marianne; Hansen, Kjersti; Monrad, Dorte; Adsersen, Henning; Bruun, Hans Henrik & Nordal, Inger (2018). Hidden biodiversity in the Arctic – a study of soil seed banks at Disko Island, Qeqertarsuaq, West Greenland. Nordic Journal of Botany.  ISSN 0107-055X.  26(7), s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1111/njb.01721
• Berntsen, Hanne Friis; Bjørklund, Cesilie Granum; Strandabø, Rønnaug; Haug, Trude; Moldes-Anaya, Angel; Fuentes-Lazaro, Judit; Verhaegen, Steven; Paulsen, Ragnhild Elisabeth; Tasker, R. Andrew & Ropstad, Erik (2018). PFOS-induced excitotoxicity is dependent on Ca2+ influx via NMDA receptors in rat cerebellar granule neurons. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology.  ISSN 0041-008X.  357, s 19- 32 . doi: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.08.015 Vis sammendrag

  Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are persistent compounds used in many industrial as well as consumer products. Despite restrictions, these compounds are found at measurable concentrations in samples of human and animal origin. In the present study we examined whether the effects on cell viability of two sulfonated and four carboxylated PFAAs in cultures of cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs), could be associated with deleterious activation of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA-R). PFAA-induced effects on viability in rat CGNs and unstimulated PC12 cells were examined using the MTT assay. Cells from the PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cell line lack the expression of functional NMDA-Rs and were used to verify lower toxicity of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) in cells not expressing NMDA-Rs. Protective effects of NMDA-R antagonists, and extracellular as well as intracellular Ca2+ chelators were investigated. Cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) was measured using Fura-2. In rat CGNs the effects of the NMDA-R antagonists MK-801, memantine and CPP indicated involvement of the NMDA-R in the decreased viability induced by PFOS and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS). No effects were associated with the four carboxylated PFAAs studied. Further, EGTA and CPP protected against PFOS-induced decreases in cell viability, whereas no protection was afforded by BAPTA-AM. [Ca2+]i significantly increased after exposure to PFOS, and this increase was completely blocked by MK-801. In PC12 cells a higher concentration of PFOS was required to induce equivalent levels of toxicity as compared to in rat CGNs. PFOS-induced toxicity in PC12 cells was not affected by CPP. In conclusion, PFOS at the tested concentrations induces excitotoxicity in rat CGNs, which likely involves influx of extracellular Ca2+ via the NMDA-R. This effect can be blocked by specific NMDA-R antagonists.

• Gudim, Ingvild; Hammerstad, Marta; Lofstad, Marie & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2018). Characterization of different flavodoxin reductase-flavodoxin (FNR-Fld) interactions reveals an efficient FNR-Fld redox pair and identifies a novel FNR subclass. Biochemistry.  ISSN 0006-2960.  57(37), s 5427- 5436 . doi: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00674
• Rodriguez- Castañeda, Fernando; Lemma, Roza Berhanu; Cuervo Torre, Ignacio; Bengtsen, Mads; Moen, Lisa Marie; Ledsaak, Marit; Eskeland, Ragnhild & Gabrielsen, Odd Stokke (2018). The SUMO protease SENP1 and the chromatin remodeller CHD3 interact and jointly affect chromatin accessibility and gene expression. Journal of Biological Chemistry.  ISSN 0021-9258.  293(40), s 15439- 15454 . doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.002844 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  The small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) post-translationally modifies lysine residues of transcription factors and co-regulators and thereby contributes to an important layer of control of the activities of these transcriptional regulators. Likewise, deSUMOylation of these factors by the sentrin-specific proteases (SENPs) also plays a role in gene regulation, but whether SENPs functionally interact with other regulatory factors that control gene expression is unclear. In the present work, we focused on SENP1, specifically, on its role in activation of gene expression investigated through analysis of the SENP1 interactome, which revealed that SENP1 physically interacts with the chromatin remodeler chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 3 (CHD3). Using several additional methods, including GST pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays, we validated and mapped this interaction, and using CRISPR-Cas9–generated CHD3- and SENP1-KO cells (in the haploid HAP1 cell line), we investigated whether these two proteins are functionally linked in regulating chromatin remodeling and gene expression. Genome-wide ATAC-Seq analysis of the CHD3- and SENP1-KO cells revealed a large degree of overlap in differential chromatin openness between these two mutant cell lines. Moreover, motif analysis and comparison with ChIP-Seq profiles in K562 cells pointed to an association of CHD3 and SENP1 with CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and SUMOylated chromatin–associated factors. Lastly, genome-wide RNA-Seq also indicated that these two proteins co-regulate the expression of several genes. We propose that the functional link between chromatin remodeling by CHD3 and deSUMOylation by SENP1 uncovered here provides another level of control of gene expression.

• Bjerregaard-Andersen, Kaare; Johannesen, Hedda; Abdel-Rahman, Noha Mansour Hassan; Heggelund, Julie Elisabeth; Hoås, Helene Mykland; Abraha, Fana; Bousquet, Paula; Høydahl, Lene Støkken; Burschowsky, Daniel; Rojas, Gertrudis; Oscarson, Stefan; Løset, Geir Åge & Krengel, Ute (2018). Crystal structure of an L chain optimised 14F7 anti-ganglioside Fv suggests a unique tumour- specificity through an unusual H-chain CDR3 architecture. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  8:10836, s 1- 11 . doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28918-5 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Targeted cancer immunotherapy offers increased efficacy concomitantly with reduced side effects. One antibody with promising clinical potential is 14F7, which specifically recognises the NeuGc GM3 ganglioside. This antigen is found in the plasma membrane of a range of tumours, but is essentially absent from healthy human cells. 14F7 can discriminate NeuGc GM3 from the very similar NeuAc GM3, a common component of cell membranes. The molecular basis for this unique specificity is poorly understood. Here we designed and expressed 14F7-derived single-chain Fvs (scFvs), which retained the specificity of the parent antibody. Detailed expression and purification protocols are described as well as the synthesis of the NeuGc GM3 trisaccharide. The most successful scFv construct, which comprises an alternative variable light chain (VLA), allowed structure determination to 2.2 Å resolution. The structure gives insights into the conformation of the important CDR H3 loop and the suspected antigen binding site. Furthermore, the presence of VLA instead of the original VL elucidates how this subdomain indirectly stabilises the CDR H3 loop. The current work may serve as a guideline for the efficient production of scFvs for structure determination.

• Olsbu, Inger Kirstine; Zoppellaro, Giorgio; Andersson, Karl Kristoffer; Boucher, Jean-Luc & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2018). Importance of Val567 on heme environment and substrate recognition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase. FEBS Open Bio.  ISSN 2211-5463.  8(9), s 1553- 1566 . doi: 10.1002/2211-5463.12503
• Tedersoo, Leho; Tooming-Klunderud, Ave & Anslan, Sten (2018). PacBio metabarcoding of Fungi and other eukaryotes: errors, biases and perspectives. New Phytologist.  ISSN 0028-646X.  217(3), s 1370- 1385 . doi: 10.1111/nph.14776
• Pharo, Heidi Dietrichson; Andresen, Kim; Berg, Kaja Christine Graue; Lothe, Ragnhild A; Jeanmougin, Marine & Lind, Guro Elisabeth (2018). A robust internal control for high-precision DNA methylation analyses by droplet digital PCR. Clinical Epigenetics.  ISSN 1868-7075.  10(24) . doi: 10.1186/s13148-018-0456-5 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Dukic, Aleksandra; Gerbaud, Pascal; Guibourdenche, Jean; Thiede, Bernd; Tasken, Kjetil & Pidoux, Guillaume (2018). Ezrin-anchored PKA phosphorylates serine 369 and 373 on connexin 43 to enhance gap junction assembly, communication, and cell fusion. Biochemical Journal.  ISSN 0264-6021.  475(2), s 455- 476 . doi: 10.1042/BCJ20170529
• Dragly, Svenn-Arne; Mobarhan, Milad; Lepperød, Mikkel Elle; Tennøe, Simen; Fyhn, Marianne; Hafting, Torkel & Malthe-Sørenssen, Anders (2018). Experimental directory structure (Exdir): An alternative to HDF5 without introducing a new file format. Frontiers in Neuroinformatics.  ISSN 1662-5196.  12 . doi: 10.3389/fninf.2018.00016
• Lerner, Thomas R.; Queval, Christophe J.; Fearns, Antony; Repnik, Urska; Griffiths, Gareth & Gutierrez, Maximiliano G. (2018). Phthiocerol dimycocerosates promote access to the cytosol and intracellular burden of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in lymphatic endothelial cells. BMC Biology.  ISSN 1741-7007.  16(1) . doi: 10.1186/s12915-017-0471-6
• Kunin, William E.; Harte, John; He, Fangliang; Hui, Cang; Jobe, R. Todd; Ostling, Annette; Polce, Chiara; Sizling, Arnost; Smith, Adam B.; Smith, Krister; Smart, Simon M; Storch, David; Tjørve, Even; Ugland, Karl Inne; Ulrich, Werner & Varma, Varun (2018). Upscaling biodiversity: estimating the species-area relationship from small samples. Ecological Monographs.  ISSN 0012-9615.  88(2), s 170- 187 . doi: 10.1002/ecm.1284
• Mobarhan, Milad; Halnes, Geir; Martínez-Cañada, Pablo; Hafting, Torkel; Fyhn, Marianne & Einevoll, Gaute (2018). Firing-rate based network modeling of the dLGN circuit: Effects of cortical feedback on spatiotemporal response properties of relay cells. PLoS Computational Biology.  ISSN 1553-734X.  14(5) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006156 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Anglès d'Auriac, Marc B & Sirevåg, Reidun (2018). Multiplex PCR for the simultaneous detection of the Enterobacterial gene wecA, the Shiga Toxin genes (stx1 and stx2) and the Intimin gene (eae). BMC Research Notes.  ISSN 1756-0500.  11(360), s 1- 7 . doi: 10.1186/s13104-018-3457-8 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  The aetiology of several human diarrhoeas has been increasingly associated with the presence of virulence factors rather than with the bacterial species hosting the virulence genes, exemplified by the sporadic emergence of new bacterial hosts. Two important virulence factors are the Shiga toxin (Stx) and the E. coli outer membrane protein (Eae) or intimin, encoded by the stx and eae genes, respectively. Although several polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocols target these virulence genes, few aim at detecting all variants or have an internal amplification control (IAC) included in a multiplex assay. The objective of this work was to develop a simple multiplex PCR assay in order to detect all stx and eae variants, as well as to detect bacteria belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae, also used as an IAC. The wecA gene coding for the production of the Enterobacterial Common Antigen was used to develop an Enterobacteriaceae specific qPCR. Universal primers for the detection of stx and eae were developed and linked to a wecA primer pair in a robust triplex PCR. In addition, subtyping of the stx genes was achieved by subjecting the PCR products to restriction digestion and semi-nested duplex PCR, providing a simple screening assay for human diarrhoea diagnostic.

• Lindholm, Markus; Eie, Martin; Hessen, Dag Olav; Johansen, Joachim Tørum; Weiby, Kristoffer & Thaulow, Jens (2018). Effects of water browning on freshwater biodiversity: the case of the predatory phantom midge Chaoborus nyblaei. Hydrobiologia.  ISSN 0018-8158.  813(1), s 33- 40 . doi: 10.1007/s10750-017-3503-x Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Water browning, due to increased runoff of terrestrial dissolved organic carbon (DOC), has recently gained considerable attention. While it is well settled how browning affects light regime and thereby aquatic primary production, other impacts on the aquatic biota is less explored. Water browning shelters against UV radiation, and may thus benefit range expansion of UV sensitive organisms, such as midges. We mapped occurrence of Chaoborids in 148 subalpine and alpine ponds in Norway, and identified an apparent threshold for their presence around 3 mg total organic carbon (TOC) l−1. The field study was complemented with laboratory experiments on Chaoborus nyblaei (Zetterstedt, 1838), to test if this species is able to identify and select water colour (concentrations of DOC) for oviposition. Number of egg rafts on brown water tanks was significantly higher than in clear water tanks, indicating that C. nyblaei performs oviposition habitat selection. Chaoborids are effective predators in planktonic habitats, and our findings support the hypothesis that climate change may cascade through the ecosystem and promote range shifts of species due to alternated habitat frame conditions.

• Nyhagen, Fredrik Oulie; Christie, Hartvig & Norderhaug, Kjell Magnus (2018). Will altered climate affect a discrete population of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis?. Journal of Sea Research.  ISSN 1385-1101.  132, s 24- 34 . doi: 10.1016/j.seares.2017.12.001 Vis sammendrag

  The Green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis is a cold-water species that in the 70s and 80s was the main culprit in the major grazing of macrophytes in the Norwegian fjords and coastal areas. Recent reports have questioned a decline in the S. droebachiensis in the Oslofjord, similar to what was observed to occur in the Norwegian coastal population of S. droebachiensis after the 1990s. In surveys from 2013 we collected data on urchin density, test diameter, early urchin settlement and Gonad Index and created a framework in order to investigate if the current Inner Oslofjord populations of S. droebachiensis are different from surveys conducted in 1979 and 1992. This study found significant differences in density, diameter and settlement over time. Highest density in 1992 was at 10 and 15 m, while being at 20 m in 2013. Urchin diameter at the station with most urchins was on average 5 cm in 1992 compared to 3 cm in 2013. Settlement differed both between the number of settlers between 1992 and 2013, and season for highest settlement (summer in 1992, and autumn in 2013). The inner Oslofjord sea urchin data indicate a still healthy population, although environmental data (as temperature and salinity) have changed to less favorable conditions for this species.

• Grønnestad, Randi; Villanger, Gro Dehli; Polder, Anuschka; Kovacs, Kit M.; Lydersen, Christian; Jenssen, Bjørn Munro & Borgå, Katrine (2018). Effects of a complex contaminant mixture on thyroid hormones in breeding hooded seal mothers and their pups. Environmental Pollution (1987).  ISSN 0269-7491.  240, s 10- 16 . doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.052
• Grevys, Algirdas; Nilsen, Jeannette; Sand, Kine Marita Knudsen; Daba, Muluneh Bekele; Øynebråten, Inger; Bern, Malin C.; McAdam, Martin Berner; Foss, Stian; Schlothauer, Tilman; Michaelsen, Terje Einar; Christianson, Gregory J.; Roopenian, Derry C.; Blumberg, Richard S.; Sandlie, Inger & Andersen, Jan Terje (2018). A human endothelial cell-based recycling assay for screening of FcRn targeted molecules. Nature Communications.  ISSN 2041-1723.  9 . doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03061-x Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Hozumi, Aya; Kaartvedt, Stein; Røstad, Anders; Berumen, Michael L; Cochran, Jesse E.M. & Jones, Burton H. (2018). Acoustic backscatter at a Red Sea whale shark aggregation site. Regional Studies in Marine Science.  ISSN 2352-4855.  20, s 23- 33 . doi: 10.1016/j.rsma.2018.03.008
• Agersted, Mette Dalgaard; Møller, Eva Friis & Gustavson, Kim (2018). Bioaccumulation of oil compounds in the high-Arctic copepod Calanus hyperboreus. Aquatic Toxicology.  ISSN 0166-445X.  195, s 8- 14 . doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.12.001
• Sivertsen, Magne S.; Jørstad, Øystein Kalsnes; Grevys, Algirdas; Foss, Stian; Moe, Morten Carsten & Andersen, Jan Terje (2018). Pharmaceutical compounding of aflibercept in prefilled syringes does not affect structural integrity, stability or VEGF and Fc binding properties. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  8(1) . doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-20525-8
• Stapleton, Nigel M.; Armstrong-Fisher, Sylvia S.; Andersen, Jan Terje; van der Schoot, C. Ellen; Porter, Charlene; Page, Kenneth R.; Falconer, Donald; de Haas, Masja; Williamson, Lorna M.; Clark, Michael R.; Vidarsson, Gestur & Armour, Kathryn L. (2018). Human IgG lacking effector functions demonstrate lower FcRn-binding and reduced transplacental transport. Molecular Immunology.  ISSN 0161-5890.  95, s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.01.006
• Rusch, Johannes; Hansen, Haakon; Strand, David; Markussen, Turhan; Hytterød, Sigurd & Vrålstad, Trude (2018). Catching the fish with the worm: A case study on eDNA detection of the monogenean parasite Gyrodactylus salaris and two of its hosts, Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Parasites & Vectors.  ISSN 1756-3305.  11(333), s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1186/s13071-018-2916-3 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Pasovic, Lara; Utheim, Tor Paaske; Reppe, Sjur; Khan, Ayyad Ahmad Zartasht; Jackson, Catherine; Thiede, Bernd; Berg, Jens Petter; Messelt, Edvard Berger & Eidet, Jon Roger (2018). Improvement of storage medium for cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells using factorial design. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  8(1) . doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-24121-8 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Nilsen, Jeannette; Sandlie, Inger; Roopenian, Derry C. & Andersen, Jan Terje (2018). Animal models for evaluation of albumin-based therapeutics. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering.  ISSN 2211-3398.  19, s 68- 76 . doi: 10.1016/j.coche.2017.11.007 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Albumin has a long serum half-life due to its unique ability to bind the cellular neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), which provides protection from intracellular degradation. The interaction can be capitalized to improve the efficacy of drugs by extending their serum persistence. However, species-specific binding of albumin to FcRn Challenges preclinical development. The goal of this brief review is to provide Insights into how FcRn and cross-species binding differences affect the pharmacokinetics of human serum albumin (HSA) in different animal models, and gives an overview of genetically modified mice that may serve as improved models for testing of albumin-based drugs.

• Gunnarsen, Kristin Støen; Høydahl, Lene Støkken; Neumann, Ralf Stefan; Bjerregaard-Andersen, Kaare; Nilssen, Nicolay Rustad; Sollid, Ludvig Magne; Sandlie, Inger & Løset, Geir Åge (2018). Soluble T-cell receptor design influences functional yield in an E. coli chaperone-assisted expression system. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  13:e0195868(4), s 1- 15 . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195868 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  There is a quest for production of soluble protein of high quality for the study of T-cell receptors (TCRs), but expression often results in low yields of functional molecules. In this study, we used an E. coli chaperone-assisted periplasmic production system and compared expression of 4 different soluble TCR formats: single-chain TCR (scTCR), two different disulfide-linked TCR (dsTCR) formats, and chimeric Fab (cFab). A stabilized version of scTCR was also included. Additionally, we evaluated the influence of host (XL1-Blue or RosettaBlueTM) and the effect of IPTG induction on expression profiles. A celiac disease patient-derived TCR with specificity for gluten was used, and we achieved detectable expression for all formats and variants. We found that expression in RosettaBlueTM without IPTG induction resulted in the highest periplasmic yields. Moreover, after large-scale expression and protein purification, only the scTCR format was obtained in high yields. Importantly, stability engineering of the scTCR was a prerequisite for obtaining reliable biophysical characterization of the TCR-pMHC interaction. The scTCR format is readily compatible with high-throughput screening approaches that may enable both development of reagents allowing for defined peptide MHC (pMHC) characterization and discovery of potential novel therapeutic leads.

• Hasvik, Eivind Olay; Haugen, Anne Julsrud; Gjerstad, Johannes & Grøvle, Lars (2018). Assessing neuropathic pain in patients with low back-related leg pain: Comparing the painDETECT Questionnaire with the 2016 NeuPSIG grading system. European Journal of Pain.  ISSN 1090-3801.  22(6), s 1160- 1169 . doi: 10.1002/ejp.1204 Vis sammendrag

  Background: Low back‐related leg pain with nerve root involvement is conceptually regarded as a neuropathic condition. However, it is uncertain to what extent patients with this condition can be formally classified with neuropathic pain. Method: First, we used the 2016 revision of the IASP Special Interest Group on Neuropathic Pain (NeuPSIG) grading system for neuropathic pain to grade patients suffering from low back‐related leg pain and a corresponding disc herniation with either unlikely, possible, probable or definite neuropathic pain. Examination included bedside quantitative sensory testing. Next, we used the clinical classification based on the 2016 NeuPSIG grading system as a reference standard to assess the ability of the painDETECT Questionnaire to identify patients with neuropathic pain. Results: Of the 50 included patients, six (12%) fulfilled the clinical classification criteria for probable and 44 (88%) for definite neuropathic pain, while none were graded unlikely or possible. According to painDETECT, 23 patients (46%) were classified with unlikely neuropathic pain, 18 patients (36%) had an uncertain condition and in nine patients (18%) neuropathic pain was likely. Among the 44 patients graded as having definite neuropathic pain by the clinical classification, eight were classified as likely neuropathic pain by painDETECT, resulting in an agreement of 18%. Of these 44 patients graded with definite neuropathic pain, painDETECT classified 21 patients (48%) as unlikely and 15 (34%) as uncertain. Conclusion: Our results do not support the use of painDETECT as a screening tool to classify or grade neuropathic components in patients with low back‐related leg pain.

• Winje, Ivan; Bengtsen, Mads; Eftestøl, Einar; Juvkam, Inga; Bruusgaard, Jo C. & Gundersen, Kristian (2018). Specific labelling of myonuclei by an antibody against pericentriolar material 1 on skeletal muscle tissue sections. Acta Physiologica.  ISSN 1748-1708.  223(4), s 1- 9 . doi: 10.1111/apha.13034 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Balasundaram, Sudhagar; Hess, Jaqueline; Durling, Mikael Brandström; Moody, Suzy C.; Thorbek, Birgitte Lisbeth Graae; Progida, Cinzia; LaButti, Kurt; Aerts, Andrea L.; Barry, Kerrie; Grigoriev, Igor V.; Boddy, Lynne; Högberg, Nils; Kauserud, Håvard; Eastwood, Daniel C. & Skrede, Inger (2018). The fungus that came in from the cold: dry rot’s pre-adapted ability to invade buildings. The ISME Journal.  ISSN 1751-7362.  12(3), s 791- 801 . doi: 10.1038/s41396-017-0006-8
• Martínez-Cañada, Pablo; Mobarhan, Milad; Halnes, Geir; Fyhn, Marianne; Morillas, Christian; Pelayo, Francisco & Einevoll, Gaute (2018). Biophysical network modeling of the dLGN circuit: Effects of cortical feedback on spatial response properties of relay cells. PLoS Computational Biology.  ISSN 1553-734X.  14(1), s 1- 45 . doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005930 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Thompson, Elise Holter; Lensjø, Kristian Kinden; Wigestrand, Mattis B; Malthe-sørenssen, Anders; Hafting, Torkel & Fyhn, Marianne (2018). Removal of perineuronal nets disrupts recall of a remote fear memory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.  ISSN 0027-8424.  115(3), s 607- 612 . doi: 10.1073/pnas.1713530115 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Danielsen, Håvard Emil; Hveem, Tarjei Sveinsgjerd; Domingo, Enric; Pradhan, Manohar; Kleppe, Andreas; Syvertsen, Rolf Anders; Kostolomov, Ilya; Nesheim, John Arne; Askautrud, Hanne Arenberg; Nesbakken, Arild; Lothe, Ragnhild A; Svindland, Aud; Shephard, Neil; Novelli, Marco; Johnstone, Elaine; Tomlinson, I; Kerr, Rachel & Kerr, David (2018). Prognostic markers for colorectal cancer: Estimating ploidy and stroma. Annals of Oncology.  ISSN 0923-7534.  29(3), s 616- 623 . doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdx794
• Jacobsen, Daniel Pitz; Nielsen, Morten Birkeland; Einarsen, Ståle & Gjerstad, Johannes (2018). Negative social acts and pain. Evidence of a workplace bullying and 5-HTT genotype interaction. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health.  ISSN 0355-3140.  44(3), s 283- 290 . doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3704 Vis sammendrag

  Objectives: Long-term exposure to systematic negative acts at work, usually labeled workplace bullying, is a prevalent problem at many workplaces. The adverse effects of such exposure may range from psychological symptoms, such as depression and anxiety to somatic ailments like cardiovascular disease and musculoskeletal complaints. In this study, we examined the relationships among exposure to negative acts, genetic variability in the 5-HTT gene SLC6A4 and pain. Methods: The study was based on a nationally representative survey of 987 Norwegian employees drawn from the Norwegian Central Employee Register by Statistics Norway. Exposure to bullying in the workplace was measured with the 9-item version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire – Revised (NAQ-R) inventory. Pain was rated using an 11-point (0–10) numeric rating scale (NRS). Genotyping with regard to SLC6A4 was carried out using a combination of gel-electrophoresis and TaqMan assay. Results: The data revealed a significant interaction between exposure to negative acts and the SLC6A4 genotype with regard to pain (linear regression with 5000 resamples; age, sex, tobacco use and education were included as covariates). The relationship between negative acts and pain intensity was significantly stronger for subjects with the LALA genotype than for subjects with the SLA/LALG/SLG genotype. No significant difference between subjects with the LALA genotype and SS genotype was observed. Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that the relationship between bullying and pain was modified by the 5-HTT genotype, ie, genetic variation in SLC6A4. The association between negative acts and health among vulnerable individuals appeared more potent than previously reported.

• Haarr, Ane; Hylland, Ketil; Eckbo, Norith; Gabrielsen, Geir W.; Herzke, Dorte; Bustnes, Jan Ove; Blévin, Pierre; Chastel, Olivier; Moe, Børge; Hanssen, Sveinn Are; Sagerup, Kjetil & Borgå, Katrine (2018). DNA Damage in Arctic Seabirds: Baseline, Sensitivity to a Genotoxic Stressor, and Association with Organohalogen Contaminants. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry.  ISSN 0730-7268.  37(4), s 1084- 1091 . doi: 10.1002/etc.4035 Vis sammendrag

  Environmental contaminants are found throughout Arctic marine ecosystems, and their presence in seabirds has been associated with toxicological responses. However, there are few studies of genotoxicity in Arctic avian wildlife. The purpose of the present study was to quantify deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage in lymphocytes of selected seabird species and to examine whether accumulation of organohalogen contaminants (SOHCs) affects DNA damage. Blood was sampled from common eider (Somateria mollissima), black guillemot (Cepphus grylle), black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus), arctic skua (Stercorarius parasiticus), and great skua (Stercorarius skua) in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard (Norway). Contaminant concentrations found in the 6 species differed, presumably because of foraging ecology and biomagnification. Despite large differences in contaminant concentrations, ranging from SOHCs 3.3 ng/g wet weight in the common eider to SOHCs 895 ng/g wet weight in the great skua, there was no strong difference among the species in baseline DNA damage or sensitivity to a genotoxic stressor (hydrogen peroxide). Baseline levels of DNA damage were low, with median values ranging from 1.7% in the common eider to 8.6% in the great skua. There were no associations between DNA damage and contaminants in the investigated species, suggesting that contaminant concentrations in Kongsfjorden are too low to evoke genotoxic effects, or possibly that lymphocytes are resistant to strand breakage. Clearly, genotoxicity is a topic for future studies of Arctic seabirds Arctic; Seabirds; Genotoxicity; Comet Assay; Persistent organic pollutants; Perfluoroalkyl substances

• Wolf, Raoul; Thrane, Jan-Erik; Hessen, Dag Olav & Andersen, Tom (2018). Modelling ROS formation in boreal lakes from interactions between dissolved organic matter and absorbed solar photon flux. Water Research.  ISSN 0043-1354.  132, s 331- 339 . doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.01.025 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) are increasing in a large number of lakes across the Northern hemisphere. This browning serves a dual role for biota by protecting against harmful ultraviolet radiation, while also absorbing photosynthetically active radiation. The photochemical activation of DOM and subsequent formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a potentially harmful side effect, but can be difficult to measure directly in situ. In this study, we combine a data set of physico-chemical properties from 71 Nordic lakes with in vitro ROS formation quantum yields to predict ROS formations across a representative boreal ecosystem gradient. For the upper centimeter of the water column, we calculate ROS formations in the range of 7.93–12.56 μmol L−1 h−1. In the first meter, they range between 1.69 and 6.69 μmol L−1 h−1 and in the remaining depth the range is 0.01–0.46 μmol L−1 h−1. These ROS formations are comparable with previously field-measured hydrogen peroxide formation rates and likely affect both phyto- and zooplankton, as well as lake chemistry. Interestingly, wavelengths of the visible spectrum (>400 nm) contribute more than half of the overall ROS formation in surface-near water layers. The association between DOM and ROS formation was found to be two-fold. While DOM promotes ROS formation in the first centimeters of the water column, the shading effect of light attenuation overpowers this with increasing depth. In the context of water browning, our results indicate the emergence of an underestimated oxidative stress environment for lake biota in the upper centimeters of the water column.

• Wong, Megan; Brandt, Johann Rasmus; Ahrens, Sven; Jaouen, Klervia; Bjørnstad, Gro; Naumann, Elise; Wenn, Camilla Cecilie; Kiesewetter, Henrike; Laforest, Caroline; Hagelberg, Erika; Lam, Vienna C. & Richards, Michael (2018). Pursuing pilgrims: Isotopic investigations of Roman and Byzantine mobility at Hierapolis, Turkey. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports.  ISSN 2352-409X.  17, s 520- 528 . doi: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2017.12.005 Vis sammendrag

  Using strontium isotope analysis, we investigated the mobility of Roman (1st to 7th century AD) and Byzantine (9th–13th century AD) individuals buried at the UNESCO World Heritage site of Hierapolis, Turkey. Results from Roman and Byzantine individuals show that while the majority of the population interred at this site have local strontium isotope values, there are some individuals with values outside the local range, which we identify as migrants. This conclusion agrees in particular with the known history of pilgrimage at Hierapolis in the Byzantine period (as defined above) and with the archaeological evidence of pilgrim badges associated with human burials unearthed from recent excavations. In addition, we present the first map of bioavailable strontium in southwestern Turkey.

• Forsberg, June Thorvaldsen; Gjerstad, Johannes; Flaten, Magne & Aslaksen, Per M. (2018). Influence of catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met on fear of pain and placebo analgesia. Pain.  ISSN 0304-3959.  159(1), s 168- 174 . doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001081 Vis sammendrag

  Higher levels of fear have been shown to partly explain individual differences in placebo analgesic responding. The catechol-Omethyltransferase (COMT) rs4680 Val158Met polymorphism has been associated with both increased placebo analgesia and increased fear-related behavior, in what appears to be inconsistent findings in the literature. The aim of the study was therefore to investigate placebo analgesia and fear-related processes with regard to the COMT genotype, to sort out whether the Met-allele is associated with increased placebo analgesia or increased fear of pain (FOP). A 3 Group (Emla, placebo and natural history) by 5 Test (2 pretest, 3 posttests) mixed design was used (N 5 223). A contact heat-evoked stimulator was used to induce pain, and FOP was quantified with the Fear of Pain Questionnaire-III. Saliva was obtained for genotyping. As expected, we observed a significant interaction of test by group (P , 0.01), with lower pain report in the placebo group compared with the natural history group (P , 0.01). There was a main effect of the COMT genotype on fear of medical pain (P 5 0.032), and Met-allele carriers reported significantly higher fear of medical pain compared with the Val-allele (P 5 0.044). We observed no effect of the COMT genotype on mean pain-level report or placebo analgesia. Thus, we conclude that the Met-allele seems to be associated with the negative emotional process of fear, but not with placebo analgesia.

• O'Farrell, Fergal; Lobert, Viola; Sneeggen, Marte; Jain, Ashish; Katheder, Nadja Sandra; Wenzel, Eva; Schultz, Sebastian; Tan, Kia Wee; Brech, Andreas; Stenmark, Harald Alfred & Rusten, Tor Erik (2017). Class III phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase controls epithelial integrity through endosomal LKB1 regulation. Nature Cell Biology.  ISSN 1465-7392.  19, s 1412- 1423 . doi: 10.1038/ncb3631
• Hyde, Kevin D.; Norphanphoun, Chada; Abreu, Vanessa P.; Bazzicalupo, Anna; Chethana, K.W. Thilini; Clericuzio, Marco; Dayarathne, Monika C.; Dissanayake, Asha J.; Ekanayaka, Anusha Hasini; He, Mao-Qiang; Hongsanan, Sinang; Huang, Shi-Ke; Jayasiri, Subashini C.; Jayawardena, Ruvishika S.; Karunarathna, Anuruddha; Konta, Sirinapa; Kušan, Ivana; Lee, Hyun; Li, Junfu; Lin, Chuan-Gen; Liu, Ning-Guo; Lu, Yong-Zhong; Luo, Zong-Long; Manawasinghe, Ishara S.; Mapook, Ausana; Perera, Rekhani H.; Phookamsak, Rungtiwa; Phukhamsakda, Chayanard; Siedlecki, Igor; Soares, Adriene Mayra; Tennakoon, Danushka S.; Tian, Qing; Tibpromma, Saowaluck; Wanasinghe, Dhanushka N.; Xiao, Yuan-Pin; Yang, Jing; Zeng, Xiang-Yu; Abdel-Aziz, Faten A.; Li, Wen-Jing; Senanayake, Indunil C.; Shang, Qiu-Ju; Daranagama, Dinushani A.; de Silva, Nimali Indeewari; Thambugala, Kasun M.; Abdel-Wahab, Mohamed A.; Bahkali, Ali H.; Berbee, Mary L.; Boonmee, Saranyaphat; Bhat, D. Jayarama; Bulgakov, Timur S.; Buyck, Bart; Camporesi, Erio; Castañeda-Ruiz, Rafael F.; Chomnunti, Putarak; Doilom, Minkwan; Dovana, Francesco; Gibertoni, Tatiana Baptista; Jadan, Margita; Jeewon, Rajesh; Jones, E.B. Gareth; Kang, Ji-Chuan; Karunarathna, Samantha C.; Lim, Young Woon; Liu, Jian-Kui; Liu, Zuo-Yi; Plautz, Helio Longoni; Lumyong, Saisamorn; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S.N.; Matočec, Neven; McKenzie, Eric H.C.; Mešić, Armin; Miller, Daniel; Pawłowska, Julia; Pereira, Olinto Liparini; Promputtha, Itthayakorn; Romero, Andrea I.; Ryvarden, Leif; Su, Hong-Yan; Suetrong, Satinee; Tkalčec, Zdenko; Vizzini, Alfredo; Wen, Ting-Chi; Wisitrassameewong, Komsit; Wrzosek, Marta; Xu, Jian-Chu; Zhao, Qi; Zhao, Rui-Lin & Mortimer, Peter E. (2017). Fungal diversity notes 603-708: taxonomic and phylogenetic notes on genera and species. Fungal diversity.  ISSN 1560-2745.  87(1), s 1- 235 . doi: 10.1007/s13225-017-0391-3
• Selander, Erik; Heuschele, Jan David & Larsson, Ann I. (2017). Hydrodynamic properties and distribution of bait downstream of a zooplankton trap. Journal of Plankton Research.  ISSN 0142-7873.  39(6), s 1020- 1027 . doi: 10.1093/plankt/fbx024
• Zhang, Fengwei; Liu, Qian; Wang, Ziyi; Xie, Wenqian; Sheng, Xia; Zhang, Haolin; Yuan, Zhengrong; Han, Yingying & Weng, Qiang (2017). Seasonal Expression of Oxytocin and Oxytocin Receptor in the Scented Gland of Male Muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus). Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  7(1) . doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-16973-3
• Skatter, Hans Gaute; Charlebois, ML; Eftestøl, Sindre; Tsegaye, Diress; Colman, Jonathan Edward; Kansas, JL; Flydal, Kjetil & Balicki, B (2017). Living in a burned landscape: woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) use of postfire residual patches for calving in a high fire - low anthropogenic Boreal Shield ecozone. Canadian Journal of Zoology.  ISSN 0008-4301.  95(12), s 975- 984 . doi: 10.1139/cjz-2016-0307
• Tsegaye, Diress; Colman, Jonathan Edward; Eftestøl, Sindre; Flydal, Kjetil; Røthe, Gunnlaug & Rapp, Kåre (2017). Reindeer spatial use before, during and after construction of a wind farm. Applied Animal Behaviour Science.  ISSN 0168-1591.  195, s 103- 111 . doi: 10.1016/j.applanim.2017.05.023 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Busserolles de, Fanny; Cortesi, Fabio; Helvik, Jon Vidar; Davies, Wayne I. L.; Templin, Rachel M.; Sullivan, Robert K. P.; Michell, Craig T.; Mountford, Jessica K.; Collin, Shaun P.; Irigoien, Xabier; Kaartvedt, Stein & Marshall, Justin (2017). Pushing the limits of photoreception in twilight conditions: The rod-like cone retina of the deep-sea pearlsides. Science Advances.  ISSN 2375-2548.  3(11), s 1- 13 . doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aao4709 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
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• Stadniczenko, Sandra Gran; Supraha, Luka; Egge, Elianne Dunthorn & Edvardsen, Bente (2017). Haptophyte Diversity and Vertical Distribution Explored by 18S and 28S Ribosomal RNA Gene Metabarcoding and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology.  ISSN 1066-5234.  64(4), s 514- 532 . doi: 10.1111/jeu.12388 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Haptophyta encompasses more than 300 species of mostly marine pico‐ and nanoplanktonic flagellates. Our aims were to investigate the Oslofjorden haptophyte diversity and vertical distribution by metabarcoding, and to improve the approach to study haptophyte community composition, richness and proportional abundance by comparing two rRNA markers and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Samples were collected in August 2013 at the Outer Oslofjorden, Norway. Total RNA/cDNA was amplified by haptophyte‐specific primers targeting the V4 region of the 18S, and the D1‐D2 region of the 28S rRNA. Taxonomy was assigned using curated haptophyte reference databases and phylogenetic analyses. Both marker genes showed Chrysochromulinaceae and Prymnesiaceae to be the families with highest number of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), as well as proportional abundance. The 18S rRNA data set also contained OTUs assigned to eight supported and defined clades consisting of environmental sequences only, possibly representing novel lineages from family to class. We also recorded new species for the area. Comparing coccolithophores by SEM with metabarcoding shows a good correspondence with the 18S rRNA gene proportional abundances. Our results contribute to link morphological and molecular data and 28S to 18S rRNA gene sequences of haptophytes without cultured representatives, and to improve metabarcoding methodology.

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• Bottermann, Maria; Lode, Heidrun Elisabeth; Watkinson, Ruth E.; Foss, Stian; Sandlie, Inger; Andersen, Jan Terje & James, Leo C. (2017). Corrigendum: Antibody-antigen kinetics constrain intracellular humoral immunity. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322. . doi: 10.1038/srep45418 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Ekblad, Bie; Nissen-Meyer, Jon & Kristensen, Tom (2017). Whole-genome sequencing of mutants with increased resistance against the two-peptide bacteriocin plantaricin JK reveals a putative receptor and potential docking site. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203. . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185279 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Lefevre, Sjannie; Stecyk, Jonathan Anthony William; Torp, May-Kristin; Løvold, Lisa Yuen; Sørensen, Christina; Johansen, Ida Beitnes; Stensløkken, Kåre-Olav; Couturier, Christine Stephanie; Sloman, Katherine A. & Nilsson, Göran Erik (2017). Re-oxygenation after anoxia induces brain cell death and memory loss in the anoxia-tolerant crucian carp. Journal of Experimental Biology.  ISSN 0022-0949.  220(21), s 3883- 3895 . doi: 10.1242/jeb.165118 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Ippen, Tammo; Eppler, Jochen Martin; Plesser, Hans Ekkehard & Diesmann, Markus (2017). Constructing neuronal network models in massively parallel environments. Frontiers in Neuroinformatics.  ISSN 1662-5196.  11 . doi: 10.3389/fninf.2017.00030 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Thrane, Jan-Erik; Hessen, Dag Olav & Andersen, Tom (2017). Plasticity in algal stoichiometry: Experimental evidence of a temperature-induced shift in optimal supply N:P ratio. Limnology and Oceanography.  ISSN 0024-3590.  62(4), s 1346- 1354 . doi: 10.1002/lno.10500 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Skau, Lars Fredrik; Andersen, Tom; Thrane, Jan-Erik & Hessen, Dag Olav (2017). Growth, stoichiometry and cell size; temperature and nutrient responses in haptophytes. PeerJ.  ISSN 2167-8359.  5 . doi: 10.7717/peerj.3743 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Hessen, Dag Olav; Håll, Johnny Peter; Thrane, Jan-Erik & Andersen, Tom (2017). Coupling dissolved organic carbon, CO2 and productivity in boreal lakes. Freshwater Biology.  ISSN 0046-5070.  62(5), s 945- 953 . doi: 10.1111/fwb.12914 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Beyer, Jonny; Green, Norman Whitaker; Brooks, Steven; Allan, Ian; Ruus, Anders; Gomes, Tania; Bråte, Inger Lise Nerland & Schøyen, Merete (2017). Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis spp.) as sentinel organisms in coastal pollution monitoring: A review. Marine Environmental Research.  ISSN 0141-1136.  130, s 338- 365 . doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.07.024 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  The blue mussel (Mytilus spp.) is widely used as a bioindicator for monitoring of coastal water pollution (mussel watch programs). Herein we provide a review of this study field with emphasis on: the suitability of Mytilus spp. as environmental sentinels; uptake and bioaccumulation patterns of key pollutant classes; the use of Mytilus spp. in mussel watch programs; recent trends in Norwegian mussel monitoring; environmental quality standards and background concentrations of key contaminants; pollutant effect biomarkers; confounding factors; particulate contaminants (microplastics, engineered nanomaterials); climate change; harmonization of monitoring procedures; and the use of deployed mussels (transplant caging) in pollution monitoring. Lastly, the overall state of the art of blue mussel pollution monitoring is discussed and some important issues for future research and development are highlighted.

• Heuschele, Jan David; Ekvall, Mikael T.; Mariani, Patrizio & Lindemann, Christian (2017). On the missing link in ecology: improving communication between modellers and experimentalists. Oikos.  ISSN 0030-1299.  126(8), s 1071- 1077 . doi: 10.1111/oik.03885
• Mutinova, Petra Thea; Kulichova, Jana & Ugland, Karl Inne (2017). Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Diatom (Bacillariophyceae) Communities in a Peatland Area. Cryptogamie. Algologie.  ISSN 0181-1568.  38(3), s 253- 266 . doi: 10.7872/crya/v38.iss3.2017.253
• Hu, Xian; Margadant, Felix Martin; Yao, Mingxi & Sheetz, Michael Patrick (2017). Molecular stretching modulates mechanosensing pathways. Protein Science.  ISSN 0961-8368.  26(7), s 1337- 1351 . doi: 10.1002/pro.3188
• von Krogh, Kristine; Bjørndal, Gunnveig Toft; Nourizadeh-Lillabadi, Rasoul; Hodne, Kjetil; Ropstad, Erik; Haug, Trude M & Weltzien, Finn-Arne (2017). Sex steroids differentially regulate fshb, lhb and gnrhr expression in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Reproduction.  ISSN 1470-1626.  154(5), s 581- 594 . doi: 10.1530/REP-17-0208
• Andreassen, Cecilie Schou; Nielsen, Morten Birkeland; Pallesen, Ståle & Gjerstad, Johannes (2017). The Relationship Between Psychosocial Work Variables and Workaholism: Findings From a Nationally Representative Survey. International Journal of Stress Management.  ISSN 1072-5245.  26(1), s 1- 10 . doi: 10.1037/str0000073 Vis sammendrag

  Research into “workaholism” has substantially increased over the last decade, but little effort has been put into assessing work-related correlates. In the present study, 1,608 employees (Mage = 45.2 years, range = 21–60) participated in a nationally representative cross-sectional survey in Norway examining whether job demands, job control, role ambiguity, role conflict, exposure to negative acts, and leadership styles could explain variance in workaholism. The independent variables explained 28% of the variance. Demands, role conflict, and negative acts contributed substantially. Workaholism increased more strongly with increasing demands for workers reporting high control than for those reporting low control. The prevalence of workaholism was 7.3%. Study implications, strengths, and limitations are discussed.

• Vedeld, Hege Marie; Merok, Marianne Aarstad; Jeanmougin, Marine; Danielsen, Stine Aske; Honne, Hilde; Presthus, Gro; Svindland, Aud; Sjo, Ole Helmer; Hektoen, Merete; Eknæs, Mette; Nesbakken, Arild; Lothe, Ragnhild A & Lind, Guro Elisabeth (2017). CpG island methylator phenotype identifies high risk patients among microsatellite stable BRAF mutated colorectal cancers. International Journal of Cancer.  ISSN 0020-7136.  141(5), s 967- 976 . doi: 10.1002/ijc.30796
• Lorberau, Kelsey; Botnen, Synnøve Smebye; Mundra, Sunil; Aas, Anders Bjørnsgard; Rozema, Jelte; Eidesen, Pernille Bronken & Kauserud, Håvard (2017). Does warming by open-top chambers induce change in the root-associated fungal community of the arctic dwarf shrub Cassiope tetragona (Ericaceae)?. Mycorrhiza.  ISSN 0940-6360.  27(5), s 513- 524 . doi: 10.1007/s00572-017-0767-y
• Vuong, Tram Thu; Rønning, Sissel Beate; Suso, Henri-Pierre; Schmidt, Ralf; Prydz, Kristian; Lundström, Marlene; Moen, Anders & Pedersen, Mona Elisabeth (2017). The extracellular matrix of eggshell displays anti-inflammatory activities through NF-κB in LPS-triggered human immune cells. Journal of Inflammation Research.  ISSN 1178-7031.  10, s 83- 96 . doi: 10.2147/JIR.S130974 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Aynekulu, Ermias; Mekuria, Wolde; Alemu, Diress Tsegaye; Feyissa, Kenea; Angassa, Ayana; de Leeuw, Jan & Shepherd, Keith D (2017). Long-term livestock exclosure did not affect soil carbon in southern Ethiopian rangelands. Geoderma.  ISSN 0016-7061.  307, s 1- 7 . doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.07.030

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• Sjaastad, Øystein; Toverud, Kari C.; Sand, Olav; Bjaalie, Jan G. & Egil, Haug (2018). Arbeidsbok til Menneskekroppen - Fysiologi og anatomi, 3. utgave. Gyldendal Akademisk.  ISBN 978-82-05-51403-4.  224 s.
• Sand, Olav; Sjaastad, Øystein; Haug, Egil & Bjaalie, Jan G. (2018). Menneskekroppen - Fysiologi og anatomi, 3. utgave. Gyldendal Akademisk.  ISBN 978-82-05-50482-0.  666 s.
• Sjaastad, Øystein; Sand, Olav & Hove, Knut (2017). Fiziologija domacih zivotinja. Naklada Slap.  ISBN 978-953-191-858-9.  803 s.
• Austad, Ingvild; Hauge, Leif; Oterholm, Alf Ivar; Ryvarden, Leif & Skaarer, Nils (2017). Ville vekster for hager og grøntanlegg. Vigmostad & Bjørke.  ISBN 978-82-419-1217-7.  239 s.

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• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda & Boessenkool, Sanne (2020). Sheep and Goat Skulls from Follobanen Bispegata Oslo, Norway: Ancient DNA Sampling Report. AUI Report. 123. Vis sammendrag

  Caprine skulls from Follobanen Bispegata excavation in Oslo Five partial caprine skulls from the excavation in Follobanen Bispegata in Oslo (Berge, Ødeby, Holmen, Derrick, & Helstad, In prep) were given to us for possible ancient DNA sampling as part of the project “The Horses and Sheep of the Vikings: Archaeogenomics of Domesticates in the North Atlantic Research”. Only two of the skulls had a petrous bone which is preferred for sampling for ancient DNA as it often has excellent DNA preservation (Hansen et al., 2017; Pinhasi et al., 2015). Since the focus of the project was acquiring ancient DNA samples from sheep (Ovis aries) skulls from goats (Capra hircus, see below) were not sampled even if the petrous bone was present.

• Strand, David; Rusch, Johannes; Brand, Lisa; Haavi, Lars; Rolen, Elin & Vrålstad, Trude (2019). Can ultrasound reduce A. astaci infection load and prevent A. astaci re-infection of carrier signal crayfish?.
• Strand, David; Edsman, Lennart; Rusch, Johannes; Brand, Lisa; Haavi, Lars; Rolen, Elin & Vrålstad, Trude (2019). Can ultrasonic treatment prevent crayfish plague mediated mortalities in noble crayfish?.
• Strand, David; Haavi, Lars; Brand, Lisa; Rolen, Elin & Vrålstad, Trude (2019). Ultrasonic treatment and effects on the viability of A. astaci zoospores.
• Linke, Dirk (2019). The Gram-Negative Bacterial Cell Surface: How to Study Its Protein Components and How to Remove Endotoxin.
• Lyche, Jan Ludvig; Dirven, Hubert; Låg, Marit; Nilsen, Asbjørn Magne; Borgå, Katrine; Eklo, Ole Martin; Grung, Merete; Sverdrup, Line Emilie & Källqvist, Torsten (2019). Risk Assessment of the Metabolite M44 of Bixafen, One of the Active Substancesin Aviator Xpro EC225. European Journal of Nutrition and Food Safety.  ISSN 2347-5641.  9(4), s 317- 318 . doi: 10.9734/EJNFS/2019/v9i430077
• Eklo, Ole Martin; Almvik, Marit; Hole, Halvard; Nyborg, Åge Arild; Stenrød, Marianne; Borgå, Katrine; Dirven, Hubert; Grung, Merete; Lyche, Jan Ludvig; Låg, Marit; Nilsen, Asbjørn Magne; Sverdrup, Line Emilie & Källqvist, Torsten (2019). Degradation and Mobility of Pesticides in Norwegian Soils. European Journal of Nutrition and Food Safety.  ISSN 2347-5641.  9(3), s 303- 305 . doi: 10.9734/EJNFS/2019/v9i330071
• Dirven, Hubert; Lyche, Jan Ludvig; Låg, Marit; Nilsen, Asbjørn Magne; Borgå, Katrine; Eklo, Ole Martin; Grung, Merete; Sverdrup, Line Emilie & Källqvist, Torsten (2019). Genotoxic Assessment of the Metabolite M-11 of Mepanipyrim, the Active Ingredient in the Plant Protection Product FRUPICA SC. European Journal of Nutrition and Food Safety.  ISSN 2347-5641.  9(3), s 306- 307 . doi: 10.9734/EJNFS/2019/v9i330072
• Strand, David; Johnsen, Stein Ivar; Laurendz, Charlotte; Rusch, Johannes; Edsman, Lennart; Andersen, Tom; Rolen, Elin & Vrålstad, Trude (2019). Can eDNA quantities predict crayfish population density and/or A. astaci prevalence?.
• Strand, David; Agersnap, Sune; Rusch, Johannes; Larsen, William Brenner; Knudsen, Steen Wilhelm; Rask Møller, Peter; Johnsen, Stein Ivar; Petrusek, Adam & Vrålstad, Trude (2019). Developing the concept of eDNA monitoring of native and invasive freshwater crayfish.
• Källqvist, Torsten; Grung, Merete; Borgå, Katrine; Dirven, Hubert; Eklo, Ole Martin; Lyche, Jan Ludvig; Låg, Marit; Nilsen, Asbjørn Magne & Sverdrup, Line Emilie (2019). Risk Assessment of Malakite with the Active Substances Dithianon and Pyrimenthanil. European Journal of Nutrition and Food Safety.  ISSN 2347-5641.  9(4) . doi: 10.9734/EJNFS/2019/v9i430075
• Eftestøl, Einar; Gundersen, Kristian; Bruusgaard, Jo C.; Psilander, Niklas; Raastad, Truls; Cumming, Kristoffer Toldnes & Juvkam, Inga (2019). Muscle memory: Are myonuclei ever lost?. Journal of applied physiology.  ISSN 8750-7587. . doi: https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00761.2019
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Star, Bastiaan; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Kantanen, Juha; Stenseth, Nils Chr.; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn & Boessenkool, Sanne (2019). The Sheep Saga: Archaeogenomics of Viking Age sheep in the North Atlantic.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2019). Tooth wear of calf mandibles from the Icelandic ZooArch reference collection. AUI Report. 121. Vis sammendrag

  This report documents the wear stages of mandibular teeth of the calf skeletons in the Icelandic ZooArch reference collection. The purpose of the data collection is to refine the aging of cattle mandibles from very young animals, as a part of Lena Strid’s PhD project on vellum production and use in Scandinavia in the medieval period. Currently, there are two complete calf (Bos taurus) skeletons in the Icelandic ZooArch reference collections from individuals with known age at death. Both calves are of the Icelandic cattle breed and come from the Agricultural University of Iceland (AUI) Dairy Farm, Hvanneyrarbúið. Full information about each specimen can be found in Table 3.The skeletons were prepared by first being de‐fleshed and then cleaned with water maceration as is the standard preparation method for the IcelandicZooArch reference collection (Pálsdóttir & Skúladóttir, 2016, 2018). Tooth wear was recorded for right and left mandibles from both individual following Grant (1982). The mandibles were also photographed from various angles with a scale

• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda & Smith, Kevin P. (2019). Zooarchaeological analysis of bones from Hallmundarhellir cave. AUI Report. 85.
• Smith, Kevin P.; Ólafsson, Guðmundur; Palsdottir, Albina Hulda & Sigurðsson, Magnús (2019). Hallmundarhellir Cave: Report of Investigations, 2017.. Vis sammendrag

  Hallmundarhellir is one of eight caves within western Iceland’s Hallmundarhraun lava field that are known to contain archaeological remains. The site was discovered in 1956 by its landowner, Stefán Kalmansson of Kalmanstunga, and was briefly investigated by Gísli Gestsson in 1958. On July 27, 2017 we revisited Hallmundarhellir with a film crew; mapped it; took samples for radiocarbon dating, aDNA analysis, and zooarchaeological evaluation; and re-assessed its condition, its archaeological remains, and Gestsson’s pioneering interpretations. Gestsson’s report, published in 1960, was the only archaeological documentation of this important site before our visit. In the absence of radiocarbon dates or diagnostic objects, he interpreted it as a Viking Age outlaw shelter, and perhaps the model for Hallmundur’s lair in Grettir’s Saga. As such, Hallmundarhellir not only entered the archaeological record as a Viking Age outlaw site but also entered into debates about the historicity of the Íslendingasögur and the ways saga authors framed their scenes. Our investigations documented that the site’s archaeological features and deposits remain intact, but the cave’s walls and ceiling are fragile. Sand blowing in from outwash plains below Langjökull and Eiríksjökull already covers the site’s floor and will choke its entrance soon. We determined that Gestsson’s mapping was accurate but under-estimated the number of archaeological features and the site’s complexity. Our evaluation of the site’s faunal assemblage suggests that it is unusually composed of bones from just sheep or sheep/goats. No horse teeth (mentioned in Gestsson’s report) were identified, nor were any additional artifacts seen or recovered. Five AMS dates on sheep bones from the site indicate that it was built and used during the late-12th through mid-13th century, the so-called Age of the Sturlungs. Our investigations, therefore, indicate that Hallmundarhellir remains in good shape but is endangered. Rather than being a Viking Age outlaw shelter, it represents a new type of site from the Sturlung era.

• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2019). Hverjar eru elstu þekktu leifar um ketti á Norðurlöndum?. Vísindavefurinn.
• Reiten, Ingrid & Schlegel, Ulrike (ed.) (2019). HBP Researchers' Data Curation-booklet.
• Andersson, Krister Andreas; Blixhavn, Camilla Hagen; Zehl, Lyuba; Zarfarnia, Sara; Köhnen, Stefan; Hilverling, Anna; Kleven, Heidi; Bjerke, Ingvild Elise; Schmid, Oliver; Øvsthus, Martin; Yates, Sharon Christine; Schlegel, Ulrike; Legouée, Elodie; Abrams, Mathew; Puchades, Maja; Davison, Andrew; Dickscheid, Timo; Leergaard, Trygve B. & Bjaalie, Jan G. (2019). Resources for making neuroscience data FAIR. The Human Brain Project invites researchers to share, find, and use data via the new EBRAINS infrastructure.
• Andersson, Krister Andreas; Blixhavn, Camilla Hagen; Kleven, Heidi; Zehl, Lyuba; Bjerke, Ingvild Elise; Schmid, Oliver; Øvsthus, Martin; Aasebø, Ida Elisabeth Jørgensen; Yates, Sharon Christine; Schlegel, Ulrike; Legouée, Elodie; Abrams, Mathew; Puchades, Maja; Davison, Andrew; Dickscheid, Timo; Leergaard, Trygve B. & Bjaalie, Jan G. (2019). Neuroinformatics platform for making neuroscience data Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reuseable.
• Andersson, Krister Andreas; Blixhavn, Camilla Hagen; Kleven, Heidi; Schlegel, Ulrike; Oliver, Schmid; Puchades, Maja; Davison, Andrew; Dickscheid, Timo; Leergaard, Trygve B. & Bjaalie, Jan G. (2019). EBRAINS fair data service: A novel infrastructure for making neuroscience data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reuseable.
• Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Lindemann, Florian; Chauhan, Nandini; Yarava, J; Oschkinat, Hartmut; Van Rossum, Barth-J & Linke, Dirk (2019). In situ structural and dynamic analysis of a membrane protein.
• Høiland, Klaus; Ryvarden, Leif & Rui, Siri (2019). Hva kan vi lære av sopp?.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda & Skarphéðinsson, Indriði (2019). The Animal Bones from Litlibær, Nes, Iceland.. AUI Report. 107. Vis sammendrag

  At Litlibær in Nes Iceland a small fisherman’s cottage, built around 1900 turned summerhouse and abandoned in the 1930s, was excavated. The total number of bones recorded in the Litlibær archaeofauna was 1135 (TNF) and the number of identified specimens (NISP) was 907. The range of species found at Litlibær was quite wide for a collection of such a modest size indicating that the inhabitants of Litlibær made good use of the wild animal resources available to them around the coast. The domestic mammal group is dominated by bones from sheep/goat. A small number of cattle bones was found at the site but interestingly most of them come from the lower limbs of very young calves. The collection included two rat bones which are rare finds in Iceland. The collection included a single human molar with cavity. The bird bones from Litlibær reflect the coastal location of the site and show that the inhabitants routinely hunted sea birds for food. They also likely kept chickens. The fish bone from Litlibær mostly consists of gadid bones with haddock (Melanogramus aeglfinus) and cod (Gadus morhua) being most common. A few flatfish bones were also found at the site, size and elements found indicate subsistence fishing.

• Joudeh, Nadeem & Linke, Dirk (2019). Bio-engineered Palladium Nanoparticles.
• Joudeh, Nadeem & Linke, Dirk (2019). Bio-engineered Pd Nanoparticles.
• Nielsen, Anders; Dolmen, Dag; Höglund, Jacob; Kausrud, Kyrre; Malmstrøm, Martin; Taugbøl, Annette; Vrålstad, Trude; Ytrehus, Bjørnar; de Boer, Hugo; Hindar, Kjetil; Kirkendall, Lawrence R.; Nilsen, Erlend Birkeland; Rueness, Eli Knispel & Velle, Gaute (2019). Assessment of the risk to Norwegian biodiversity from the pathogenic fungi Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal). Opinion of the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment. VKM Report. 2019:4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Meuskens, Ina; Leva, Juan; Millner, Paul & Linke, Dirk (2019). Differential Adhesion of Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesins to Extracellular Matrix Proteins.
• Linke, Dirk (2019). Autotransporter Adhesins in the fish pathogen Yersinia ruckeri.
• Shaw, Alan; Hoffecker, Ian T.; Smyrlaki, Ioanna; Rosa, João; Grevys, Algirdas; Bryant-Bratlie, Diane Lynn; Sandlie, Inger; Michaelsen, Terje Einar; Andersen, Jan Terje & Högberg, Björn (2019). Publisher Correction: Binding to nanopatterned antigens is dominated by the spatial tolerance of antibodies. Nature Nanotechnology.  ISSN 1748-3387.  14(4), s 398- 398 . doi: 10.1038/s41565-019-0404-3
• Røsjø, Bjarne; Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Linke, Dirk; Leo, Jack Christopher & Hatlem, Daniel (2019, 13. mai). Ny antibiotika-idé: Vil hindre bakteriene i å feste seg. [Internett].  TITAN.NO.
• Linke, Dirk (2019). Insights into the autotransport process of a trimeric autotransporter, YadA.
• Saragliadis, Athanasios & Linke, Dirk (2019). Screening for small-molecule inhibitors of YadA adhesion to collagen.
• Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Van Rossum, Barth-J; Oschkinat, Hartmut & Linke, Dirk (2019). Towards the in situ structure of the Yersinia Adhesin A membrane anchor domain.
• Meuskens, Ina & Linke, Dirk (2019). Binding of Yersinia Ahesin A to ECM molecules: a biosensor approach.
• Hatlem, Daniel; Chauhan, Nandini; Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Schneider, Kenneth; Flötenmeyer, Matthias; Van Rossum, Barth-J; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2019). Insights into the autotransport of a trimeric autotransporter.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Leifsson, Rúnar; Orlando, Ludovic; Barrett, James H.; Star, Bastiaan; Wyrozemska, Agata Teresa; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn & Boessenkool, Sanne (2019, 07. mars). Fornleifarannsóknir: Hryssur ekki valdar í kuml.  Austurglugginn.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2019, 15. februar). Reindeer Cyclones Are Real, and You Definitely Don't Want to Get Caught in One. [Internett].  LiveScience website.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Star, Bastiaan; Leifsson, Rúnar; Wyrozemska, Agata Teresa; Orlando, Ludovic; Barrett, James H.; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn & Boessenkool, Sanne (2019). Kyngreining á hrossum úr kumlum með fornDNA. Vis sammendrag

  Hestar voru algengasta haugfé sem lagt var í kuml á Íslandi á víkingaöld. Beinagrindur hrossa er hægt að kyngreina á formi mjaðmagrindar og því hvort vígtennur eru til staðar. Vígtennur koma upp við 4-5 ára aldur í karldýrum en þó hafa rannsóknir sýnt að allt að þriðjungur hryssa getur haft vígtennur þó þær séu yfirleitt mun minni en í karldýrunum. Beinagreining hefur sýnt að öll hross sem hægt er að kyngreina úr íslenskum kumlum er úr karlkyns hestum en þar sem stór hluti þessara kumla fannst fyrir mörgum áratugum síðan við framkvæmdir eru beinagrindurnar oft of illa varðveittar til þess að hægt sé að kyngreina þær með vissu. Í þessari rannsókn notum við forn-DNA-greiningu til að kyngreina 22 hross frá víkingaöld. 19 hross voru úr kumlum en þrjú bein úr hellum og býlum voru einnig greind. Rannsóknir okkar leiddu í ljós að af 19 hrossum úr kumlum sem greind voru reyndist aðeins vera ein hryssa en öll sýnin sem komu úr helli og býli reyndust vera hryssur. Í greininni er einnig sýnt fram á að hægt er að kyngreina dýr jafnvel þó afar lítið sé varðveitt af DNA í hverju sýni og því má nota aðferðafræðina í greininni til að kyngreina fornleifafræðileg bein á mun stærri skala og fyrir minna fé en áður var talið. Fjallað verður um niðurstöður í nýútkominni grein Heidi M. Nistelberger, Albínu Huldu Pálsdóttur, Bastiaan Star, Rúnars Leifssonar, Agötu T. Gondek, Ludovic Orlando, James H. Barrett, Jóns Hallsteins Hallssonar og Sanne Boessenkool “Sexing Viking Age horses from burial and non-burial sites in Iceland using ancient DNA,” Journal of Archaeological Science 101 (2019), 115–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2018.11.007. Albína Hulda Pálsdóttir er dýrabeinafornleifafræðingur og starfar við Landbúnaðarháskóla Íslands. Hún er doktorsnemi við Óslóarháskóla en doktorsverkefni hennar heitir „Hestar og sauðfé víkinganna: Fornerfðafræði húsdýra í Norður-Atlantshafi“. Hún hefur greint dýrabeinasöfn frá Íslandi, Írlandi, Grænlandi og Færeyjum. Leiðbeinendur Albínu eru dr. Sanne Boessenkool við Óslóarháskóla, dr. Jón Hallsteinn Hallsson við Landbúnaðarháskóla Íslands og dr. Juha Kantanen hjá LUKE í Finnlandi. Verkefnið er styrkt af rannsóknasjóði Rannís á styrk nr. 162783051

• Andersen, Niels Højmark; Hammerstad, Marta; Zaltariov, Mirela F.; Rapta, Peter; Arion, Vladimir B. & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2019). Interaction of Thiosemicarbazones with the Ribonucleotide Reductase R2 subunit Studied by Resonance Raman Spectroscopy.
• Hammerstad, Marta; Gudim, Ingvild; Lofstad, Marie; Kjendseth, Åsmund Røhr & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2019). Characterization of Proteins in the Ribonucleotide Reductase RedoxNetwork.
• Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Chauhan, Nandini; Van Rossum, Barth-J & Linke, Dirk (2019). Towards the structure of the YadA anchor domain in the native membrane.
• Linke, Dirk & Saragliadis, Athanasios (2019). Bacterial adhesion to living and non-living surfaces.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Leifsson, Rúnar; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Orlando, Ludovic; Star, Bastiaan & Wyrozemska, Agata Teresa (2019, 02. januar). Powerful Icelandic Vikings were buried with stallions. [Internett].  phys.org.
• Leifsson, Rúnar; Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Orlando, Ludovic; Star, Bastiaan & Wyrozemska, Agata Teresa (2019, 05. januar). Horses buried with Icelandic Viking nobles were male, ancient DNA shows. [Internett].  CBC news.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Leifsson, Rúnar; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Orlando, Ludovic; Star, Bastiaan & Wyrozemska, Agata Teresa (2019, 10. januar). Burials Suggest Icelandic Vikings Had a Thing for Stallions. [Internett].  www.smithsonianmag.com.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Boessenkool, Sanne; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Star, Bastiaan; Barrett, James H. & Leifsson, Rúnar (2019, 07. januar). Ancient Horse DNA From Burial Sites In Iceland Suggests That Viking Age Warriors Preferred Male Horses. [Internett].  www.inquisitr.com.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Leifsson, Rúnar; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Orlando, Ludovic; Star, Bastiaan & Wyrozemska, Agata Teresa (2019, 07. januar). POWERFUL MALE VIKINGS WERE BURIED WITH THEIR POWERFUL MALE HORSES. [Internett].  Newsweek.com.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Leifsson, Rúnar; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Orlando, Ludovic; Star, Bastiaan & Wyrozemska, Agata Teresa (2019, 07. januar). Ancient DNA from Viking Graves Proves the Fierce Fighters Rode Male Horses. [Internett].  https://www.livescience.com/64432-vikings-buried-with-stalli.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Leifsson, Rúnar; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Orlando, Ludovic; Star, Bastiaan & Wyrozemska, Agata Teresa (2019, 07. januar). Lítið um hryssur í kumlum víkinga.  Morgunblaðið.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2019, 19. februar). Wild Way of the Vikings by Marmedia. [TV].  Wild Way of the Vikings by Marmedia.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Star, Bastiaan; Leifsson, Rúnar; Gondek, Agata Teresa; Orlando, Ludovic; Barrett, James H. & Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn (2019). Which horse should we sacrifice? Sex as a determining factor for the selection of horses in Viking Age burials in Iceland.
• Tietgen, M; Weidensdorfer, M; Djahanshiri, Bardya; Linke, Dirk; Kempf, Volkhard A.J. & Gottig, Stephan (2019). Virulence of Acinetobacter baumannii depends on the Acinetobacter trimeric autotransporter adhesin Ata.
• Brilkov, Maxim; Dobrovolska, Olena; Aasland, Rein & Halskau, Øyvind (2018). CW-domain of ASHH2 methyltransferase: structural basis of ligand binding and specificity.
• Joudeh, Nadeem & Linke, Dirk (2018, 20. oktober). BEDPAN - Nanoparticles from Bacteria. [Internett].  Digital Life Website.
• Hatlem, Daniel & Linke, Dirk (2018). Insights into the autotransporter process of a trimeric autotransporter, Yersinia Adhesin A (YadA).
• Skre, Oddvar & Wielgolaski, Frans Emil (2018). Dates of budburst in birch provenances during the period 1992-2017 as related to cllimatic variables in northern Fennoscandia. Geophysical Research Abstracts.  ISSN 1029-7006.  20(EGU2018-1861)
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2018, 12. juli). Ancient ‘Iceman’ shows signs of a well-balanced last meal. [Internett].  AP news, Associated Press.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2018, 12. juli). Insides of ancient 'Iceman' shows signs of a well-balanced last meal. [Internett].  NBC Newa.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Leifsson, Rúnar; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Orlando, Ludovic; Star, Bastiaan & Wyrozemska, Agata Teresa (2018, 17. desember). Folum fórnað. [Internett].  Bændablaðið online.
• Hadjineophytou, Chris; Anonsen, Jan Haug & Koomey, Michael (2018). A genus-wide assessment of neisserial Tfp pilin subunit glycosylation: a systems level approach reveals distribution and governing co-factors.
• Linke, Dirk (2018). Structural Biology of Membrane Proteins: Expression Tricks, and to Solubilize or Not to Solubilize.
• Økstad, Ole Andreas Løchen & Linke, Dirk (2018). Hvor farlig er antibiotikaresistens?. Ingeniørenes Stemme.  Vinter 2018, s 37- 37
• Nederbragt, Alexander Johan (2018). Programmering og modellering i biovitenskapsutdanning.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2018). Sauðkindin og dýrabeinafornleifafræði (The Zooarchaeology of the Icelandic Sheep).
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda & Joensen, Christina (ed.) (2018). Icelandic ZooArch laboratory website https://www.icelandiczooarch.is/.
• Drønen, Elena Klåpbakken; Namork, Ellen; Dirven, Hubert; Hylland, Ketil & Nygaard, Unni Cecilie (2018). Does altered gut barrier function facilitate food allergy?.
• Olsbu, Inger Kirstine; Hersleth, Hans-Petter & Sørlie, Morten (2018). Substrate recognition and redox partner identification in nitric oxide synthases. Series of dissertations submitted to the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo.. 2047.
• Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Star, Bastiaan; Leifsson, Rúnar; Gondek, Agata Teresa; Orlando, Ludovic; Barrett, James H.; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn & Boessenkool, Sanne (2018). Sexing Viking Age horses from burial and non-burial sites in Iceland using ancient DNA.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Weldenegodguad, Melak; Kantanen, Juha; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn & Boessenkool, Sanne (2018). Viking Age Sheep in the North Atlantic.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Blauer, Auli & Rannamäe, Eva (2018). Sample now or save for later? Destructive sampling of archaeological animal remains.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Weldenegodguad, Melak; Kantanen, Juha; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn & Boessenkool, Sanne (2018). Archaeogenomics of Viking Age Sheep in the North Atlantic.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2018, 06. november). Sheep vs Goats - Ep04 https://www.archaeologypodcastnetwork.com/animals/04. [Internett].  ArchaeoAnimals podcast.
• Rusch, Johannes; Strand, David; Laurendz, Charlotte; Johnsen, Stein Ivar; Edsman, Lennart; Andersen, Tom & Vrålstad, Trude (2018). Simultaneous eDNA monitoring of the host-pathogen complex Pacifastacus leniusculus and Aphanomycis astaci under varying environmental conditions. Vis sammendrag

  In 2016 the North-American signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus was included in the list of Invasive Alien Species of concern to the European Union. In Norway the species is black-listed and rated as a high-risk species and eradication has been carried out whenever feasible. This is because it is a chronic carrier of the oomycete Aphanomyces astaci, which is lethal to all European freshwater crayfish species and listed among the 100 worst invasive species. Environmental DNA (eDNA) methodology is now being used on a wide variety of target species and on many different platforms including targeted PCR and broad spectred sequencing methods. Detection and monitoring of invasive, endangered and elusive species is commonly performed using species specific quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) or droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), and has proved useful for targeting species of specific concern. Recently eDNA monitoring of A. astaci has been implemented in the national crayfish plague surveillance in Norway. For the carrier of the crayfish plague, the signal crayfish, a qPCR assay for eDNA detection has also been published recently. In this study we present simultaneous eDNA monitoring of the host-pathogen complex P. leniusculus - A.astaci under varying environmental conditions both in aquarium and field experiments. We used the published qPCR assays for both species and redesigned them so they can be run as a duplex ddPCR assay. We compared water samples by means of qPCR and ddPCR from two lakes in Sweden and Norway with different signal crayfish population densities and A. astaci prevalence in the population. We also studied eDNA emission from the host-pathogen couple in aquarium-experiments with A. astaci positive signal crayfish held at different densities, temperatures and feeding regimes. Samples were obtained by filtering water (1 & 5 L) on-site through glass fibre filters. These were subsequently analysed using the species-specific qPCR and ddPCR assays for the respective targets. The concentrations of detectable eDNA copies of the two targets are influenced differently and by several factors, including population density of the crayfish, pathogen prevalence, temperature, and turbidity including microbiological activity in the water. They are therefore subject to significant fluctuation. Thus, there seems to be no straightforward correlation between eDNA copy-number and crayfish density and the probability of detecting one target rather than the other varies according to different conditions. Therefore, for a reliable monitoring of crayfish plague (A. astaci) and signal crayfish alone or together, the simultaneous monitoring concept for both targets is recommended.

• Sirevåg, Reidun (2018). Diktatur kan være nyttig. Aftenposten (morgenutg. : trykt utg.).  ISSN 0804-3116.
• Sirevåg, Reidun (2018). Et bioteknologisk eventyr med store politiske følger. Aftenposten (morgenutg. : trykt utg.).  ISSN 0804-3116.
• Tairova, Zhanna; Müller, Mette Helen Bjørge; Lyche, Jan Ludvig; Mayer, Ian; Berg, Vidar; Blaser, Nello; Brun, Morten; Grung, Merete; Eide, Marta; Dale, Karina; Goksøyr, Siri Øfsthus; Aranguren, Libe; Goksøyr, Anders & Ketil, Hylland (2018). Adverse health effects related to chemical exposure in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) from Norwegian fjords.
• Mwafongo, Elizabeth; Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Bjorå, Charlotte Sletten; Nordal, Inger & Eriksen, Aud Berglen (2018). Anthocyaniner, pigmenter med mange roller.
• Wrobel, Agnieszka; Saragliadis, Athanasios; Leo, Jack Christopher; Ottoni, Claudio & Linke, Dirk (2018). Type Ve autotransporters in Yersinia ruckeri.
• Linke, Dirk & Saragliadis, Athanasios (2018). Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesins - understanding adhesive function and screening for inhibitors.
• Gudim, Ingvild; Lofstad, Marie; Hammerstad, Marta; Røhr, Åsmund Kjendseth & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2018). Activation of the Class Ib Ribonucleotide Reductase by a Flavodoxin Reductase in Bacillus cereus.
• Sjøberg, Espen A.; Engelsen, Eirik; Nilsson, Emma; Sanden, Selma & Wilner, Raquel (2018). Confirmation bias in psychology, art history, biology and behavior analysis.
• Linke, Dirk (2018). Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesins and routes to their inhibition.
• Bjerketvedt, Dag Kjartan; Reimers, Eigil & Borgstrøm, Reidar (2018). Villreinforvaltningen på Hardangervidda. En historisk tilbakeblikk.. Villreinen.  ISSN 0801-6321.  33, s 32- 37
• Linke, Dirk & Saragliadis, Athanasios (2018). Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesins - Understanding adhesive function and screening for inhibitors.
• Joudeh, Nadeem; Leo, Jack Christopher; Torgeman, Eric & Linke, Dirk (2018). Mechanism of Palladium and Gold uptake and reduction in E. coli.
• Balusek, Curtis; Linke, Dirk & Gumbart, JC (2018). The effect of beta-barrel geometry on ion conduction through Escherichia coli OmpX.
• Khalil, Hawzeen; Øgaard, Jonas; Linke, Dirk & Leo, Jack Christopher (2018). Co-aggregation properties of trimeric autotransporter adhesins.
• Wrobel, Agnieszka; Ottoni, Claudio; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2018). The repeat structure of two paralogous genes, Yersinia ruckeri invasin (yrInv) and a “Y. ruckeri invasin-like molecule”, (yrIlm) sheds light on the evolution of adhesive capacities of a fish pathogen.
• Olsbu, Inger Kirstine; Chaudhari, Sujata; Thomas, Vinai Chittezham & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2018). Potential reductase partner for Staphylococcus aureus Nitric Oxide Synthase. NBS-nytt.  ISSN 0801-3535.  s 40- 40
• Gudim, Ingvild; Lofstad, Marie; Hammerstad, Marta & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2018). Enzyme activation by a flavoprotein redox network. NBS-nytt.  ISSN 0801-3535.  s 40- 40
• Gudim, Ingvild; Lofstad, Marie; Hammerstad, Marta & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2018). Enzyme activation by a flavoprotein redox network.
• Hansson, Kenth-Arne; Gundersen, Kristian & Bruusgaard, Jo C. (2018). In vivo confocal imaging and 3D rendering of the neuromuscular end plate and its synaptic myonuclei. Acta Physiologica.  ISSN 1748-1708.
• Kaetzel, Charlotte S.; Mestecky, Jiri & Johansen, Finn-Eirik (2017). Two cells, one antibody: The discovery of the cellular origins and transport of secretory iga. Journal of Immunology.  ISSN 0022-1767.  198(5), s 1765- 1767 . doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700025
• Skre, Oddvar; Karlsen, Stein Rune; Riseth, Jan Åge & Wielgolaski, Frans Emil (2017). Consequences of future expansion at the arctic treeline in northernmost Norway. Vis sammendrag

  Program: http://www.agrosym.rs.ba/documents/Symposium_Programme_2017.pdf

• Rodriguez, Marta; Bajo-Santos, Cristina; Hessvik, Nina Pettersen; Lorenz, Susanne; Fromm, Bastian; Berge, Viktor; Sandvig, Kirsten; Line, Aija & Llorente, Alicia (2017). Identification of non-invasive miRNAs biomarkers for prostate cancer by deep sequencing analysis of urinary exosomes. Molecular Cancer.  ISSN 1476-4598.  16:156, s 1- 6 . doi: 10.1186/s12943-017-0726-4 Vis sammendrag

  The aim of this study was to identify microRNAs in urinary exosomes that are differently expressed in prostate cancer patients and healthy donors. For this purpose, RNA was extracted from urinary exosomes from 20 prostate cancer patients and 9 healthy males and the microRNAs were analyzed by next generation sequencing. Interestingly, 5 microRNAs - miR-196a-5p, miR-34a-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-501-3p and miR-92a-1-5p - were significantly downregulated in exosomes from prostate cancer patients. Furthermore, RT-qPCR analysis of an independent cohort of 28 prostate cancer patients and 19 healthy males confirmed that miR-196a-5p and miR-501-3p were downregulated in prostate cancer samples. These results suggest that specific microRNAs in urinary exosomes might serve as non-invasive biomarkers for prostate cancer. In particular, miR-196a-5p and miR-501-3p are promising biomarkers that need to be further studied in large patient cohorts.

• Klaveness, Dag (2017). Når modner blåbæra? Om begynnende fruktmodning, alminnelig fruktmodning og modningstid hos blåbær. Biolog.  ISSN 0801-0722.  2017(2), s 33- 36
• Christensen, Ane Charlotte; Lensjø, Kristian Kinden; Lepperød, Mikkel Elle; Fyhn, Marianne & Hafting, Torkel (2017). The role of extracellular matrix molecules for spatial representations in medial entorhinal cortex.
• Lepperød, Mikkel Elle; Lai, Yi Ming; Fyhn, Marianne; Einevoll, Gaute; Solstad, Trygve; Hafting, Torkel & de Kamps, Marc (2017). Population density model of the entorhinal stellate-cell network with adaptation.
• Edvardsen, Bente; Egge, Elianne Dunthorn; Vaulot, Daniel; Larsen, Aud; Bratbak, Gunnar; Moreau, Hervé & John, Uwe (2017). Protist community structure in Atlantic Arctic through the year as revealed by high throughput sequencing.
• Liskiewicz, Krystyna; Wrobel, Agnieszka; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2017). Identification of potential adhesin receptors from Yersinia ruckeri.
• Wielgolaski, Frans Emil; Laine, Kari; Inkeröinen, Jouko & Skre, Oddvar (2017). Enhancing the resilience capacity of sensitive mountain forest ecosystems under environmental change (SENSFOR). Climate Research (CR).  ISSN 0936-577X.  73(1-2), s 3- 6 . doi: 10.3354/cr01482
• Linke, Dirk (2017). Do we have to purify membrane proteins? Solid-state NMR in the native membrane.
• Linke, Dirk (2017). Type Ve secretion in Gram-negative Bacteria.
• Bjorå, Charlotte Sletten (2017, 16. juni). Abels tårn. [Radio].  NRK P2.
• Buchanan, Bob B.; Sirevåg, Reidun; Fuchs, Georg; Ivanovksy, Ruslan N.; Igarashi, Yasuo; Ishii, Masaharu; Tabita, F. Robert & Berg, Ivan A. (2017). The Arnon-Buchanan cycle; a retrospective, 1966-2016. Photosynthesis Research.  ISSN 0166-8595.  134(2), s 117- 131 . doi: 10.1007/s11120-017-0429-0
• Nielsen, Anders; Hatteland, Bjørn Arild; Malmstrøm, Martin; Proschwitz, Ted von; Velle, Gaute; de Boer, Hugo; Gjershaug, Jan Ove; Kirkendall, Lawrence R.; Rueness, Eli Knispel & Vandvik, Vigdis (2017). Assessment of the risk to Norwegian biodiversity from the import and keeping of terrestrial gastropods in terraria. Opinion of the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered Species of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment. VKM Report. 2017:33.
• Gudim, Ingvild; Lofstad, Marie; Hammerstad, Marta & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2017). Enzyme activation by a flavoprotein redox network.
• Gudim, Ingvild; Lofstad, Marie; Hammerstad, Marta; Kjendseth, Åsmund Røhr & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2017). Activation of the class Ib ribonucleotide reductase by a flavodoxin reductase in Bacillus cereus.
• Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn & Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2017). Viking origin of native breeds in the North Atlantic?. Vis sammendrag

  The voyages of the Vikings, starting in the late 8th century, did not only spread Viking culture and language throughout the North Atlantic but also moved animals of several domestic species - sheep, cattle, horse, goats, dogs, pigs, and chicken – around the whole of Northern Europe. In some cases, it is believed that modern breeds are direct descendants of animals brought by Vikings while in other cases it is believed that those breeds have been mixed and/or replaced by others. Although we do have a good understanding of where the Vikings travelled and settled, exactly how the Viking diaspora shaped the genetic composition and diversity in the North Atlantic domestic animals has not been fully explained. Although much has been written about individual domestic breeds a comprehensive overview is missing; here we aim to present an overview of native breeds in the region, what is known about their origin and how plausible it is that they remain relics of Viking migration rather than more modern immigrants.

• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2017). Sample now or save for later? Destructive analysis of domesticate bones from archaeofaunal collections. Vis sammendrag

  Destructive sampling of animal bones from archaeological excavations is becoming more common. The refinement of ancient DNA technology, the use of next-generation sequencing, and the rapidly lowering cost of whole genome sequencing has led to a rapid growth in the field of ancient DNA analysis. This has again led to increased interest in destructive sampling of animal bones from archaeological excavations. Recent advances have shown that the petrous bone of the skull best preserves DNA in ancient samples which will lead to increased sampling pressure for that element. The ethical implications of destructive sampling for aDNA are not the same for every species due factors like size differences between species and large variations in rarity. Discussions of the ethical implications of destructive sampling have been largely absent in the zooarchaeological literature. Due to the increase in destructive sampling zooarchaeologists, as specialists in ancient animal bones, need to seriously consider these issues both within their discipline as well as with the specialists outside the field that are driving most of these studies.

• Colman, Jonathan Edward; Flydal, Kjetil; Rannestad, Ole Tobias; Tsegaye, Diress; Ryvarden, Leif; Høiland, Klaus; Eftestøl, Sindre; González-León, Alejandro & Reksten, Synne Sofie (2017). Effects of the Lista wind power plant on roadside revegetation and the space use of moose, red deer and roe deer.
• Heikal, Adam; Samuelsen, Ørjan; Kristensen, Tom & Økstad, Ole Andreas Løchen (2017). Complete genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant, blaNDM-1-expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae K66-45 clinical isolate from Norway. Microbiology Resource Announcements (MRA).  ISSN 2169-8287.  5:e00601(27), s 1- 2 . doi: 10.1128/genomeA.00601-17
• Nordal, Inger; Bjorå, Charlotte Sletten & Stedje, Brita (2017). Training in the North of Researchers from the South: Experiences from Nordic-African collaboration. Scientia Danica, Series B, Biologica.  ISSN 1904-5484.  6, s 187- 197 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.

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