Siste publikasjoner

• Pizzi, Eleonora; Halvorsen, Trine Grønhaug; Köhler, Christian Jeffrey & Reubsaet, Leon (2021). Next-Generation Dried Blood Spot Samplers for Protein Analysis: Describing Trypsin-Modified Smart Sampling Paper. separations. ISSN 2297-8739. 8(5). doi: https%3A/doi.org/10.3390/separations8050066.
• Hessen, Dag Olav (2021). Climate change drives widespread shifts in lake thermal habitat. Nature Climate Change. ISSN 1758-678X. 11, s. 521–529. doi: 10.1038/s41558-021-01060-3.
• Hessen, Dag Olav (2021). Global data set of long-term summertime vertical temperature profiles in 153 lakes. Scientific Data. ISSN 2052-4463. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-00983-y.
• Jin, Kang-Xuan; Zuo, Rujuan; Anastassiadis, Konstantinos; Klungland, Arne; Marr, Carsten & Filipczyk, Adam (2021). N6-methyladenosine (m6A) depletion regulates pluripotency exit by activating signaling pathways in embryonic stem cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ISSN 0027-8424. 118(51), s. 1–12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2105192118.
• Bodin, Johanna Eva; Thorstensen, Tage; Alsheikh, Muath K; Basic, Dean; Edvardsen, Rolf Brudvik & Dalen, Knut Tomas [Vis alle 43 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Genome editing in food and feed production – implications for risk assessment. VKM Report. ISSN 2535-4019.
• Dalum, Alf Seljenes; Kraus, Aurora; Khan, Shanawaz; Davydova, Erna; Rigaudeau, Dimitri & Bjørgen, Håvard [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). High-Resolution, 3D Imaging of the Zebrafish Gill-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (GIALT) Reveals a Novel Lymphoid Structure, the Amphibranchial Lymphoid Tissue. Frontiers in Immunology. ISSN 1664-3224. 12. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.769901. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Siemer, Svenja; Bauer, Tobias A.; Scholz, Paul; Breder, Christina; Fenaroli, Federico & Harms, Gregory [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Targeting Cancer Chemotherapy Resistance by Precision Medicine-Driven Nanoparticle-Formulated Cisplatin. ACS Nano. ISSN 1936-0851. 15(11), s. 18541–18556. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.1c08632.
• Stubberud, Marlene Wæge; Nater, Chloe Rebecca; Vindenes, Yngvild; Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn & Langangen, Øystein Ole Gahr (2021). Low impact of first-time spawners on population growth in a brown trout population. Climate Research (CR). ISSN 0936-577X. doi: 10.3354/cr01645.
• Estensmo, Eva Lena F.; Morgado, Luis; Maurice, Sundy; Martin Sanchez, Pedro Maria; Engh, Ingeborg B. & Mattsson, Johan [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Spatiotemporal variation of the indoor mycobiome in daycare centers. Microbiome. ISSN 2049-2618. 9(1), s. 1–12. doi: 10.1186/s40168-021-01167-x.
• Pällmann, Nora; Deng, Ke; Livgård, Marte; Tesikova, Martina; Jin, Yixin & Frengen, Nicolai Sebastian [Vis alle 18 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Stress-mediated reprogramming of prostate cancer one-carbon cycle drives disease progression. Cancer Research. ISSN 0008-5472. 81(15), s. 4066–4078. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-20-3956.
• Skjeldal, Frode Miltzow; Haugen, Linda Hofstad; Nunes De C Mateus, Duarte; Frei, Dominik Michael; Rødseth, Anna Vik & Hu, Xian [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). De novo formation of early endosomes during Rab5-to-Rab7a transition. Journal of Cell Science. ISSN 0021-9533. 134(8). doi: 10.1242/jcs.254185. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Rab5 and Rab7a are the main determinants of early and late endosomes and are important regulators of endosomal progression. The transport from early endosomes to late endosome seems to be regulated through an endosomal maturation switch, where Rab5 is gradually exchanged by Rab7a on the same endosome. Here, we provide new insight into the mechanism of endosomal maturation, for which we have discovered a stepwise Rab5 detachment, sequentially regulated by Rab7a. The initial detachment of Rab5 is Rab7a independent and demonstrates a diffusion-like first-phase exchange between the cytosol and the endosomal membrane, and a second phase, in which Rab5 converges into specific domains that detach as a Rab5 indigenous endosome. Consequently, we show that early endosomal maturation regulated through the Rab5-to-Rab7a switch induces the formation of new fully functional Rab5-positive early endosomes. Progression through stepwise early endosomal maturation regulates the direction of transport and, concomitantly, the homeostasis of early endosomes.

• Falk, Stefanie; Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Eriksen, Aud Else Berglen; Emberson, Lisa D.; O’Neill, Connie & Stordal, Frode [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Parameterization of the responses of subarctic European vegetation to key environmental variables for ozone risk assessment. Biogeosciences. ISSN 1726-4170.
• Vestre, Katharina; Persiconi, Irene; Distefano, Marita Borg; Mensali, Nadia; Guadagno, Noemi Antonella & Bretou, Marine [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Rab7b regulates dendritic cell migration by linking lysosomes to the actomyosin cytoskeleton. Journal of Cell Science. ISSN 0021-9533. 134(18). doi: 10.1242/jcs.259221. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Falk, Stefanie; Vollsnes, Ane V.; Eriksen, Aud B.; Stordal, Frode & Berntsen, Terje Koren (2021). Technical note: Quality assessment of ozone reanalysis products and gap-filling over subarctic Europe for vegetation risk mapping. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (ACP). ISSN 1680-7316. 21(20), s. 15647–15661. doi: 10.5194/acp-21-15647-2021.
• Zhang, Zijian; Ryoo, David; Balusek, Curtis; Acharya, Atanu; Rydmark, Marcella Orwick & Linke, Dirk [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Inward-facing glycine residues create sharp turns in β-barrel membrane proteins. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Biomembranes. ISSN 0005-2736. 1863(10). doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183662.
• Woods, P J; Macdonald, J I; Bárðarson, H; Bonanomi,, S; Boonstra, W. J. & Cornell, G. [Vis alle 29 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). A review of adaptation options in fisheries management to support resilience and transition under socio-ecological change. ICES Journal of Marine Science. ISSN 1054-3139. doi: 10.1093/icesjms/fsab146.
• Spirin, Viacheslav; Malysheva, Vera; Schoutteten, Nathan; Viner, Ilya; Miettinen, Otto & Nordén, Jenni [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Studies in the Basidiodendron caesiocinereum complex (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota). Mycological Progress. ISSN 1617-416X. 20(10), s. 1275–1296. doi: 10.1007/s11557-021-01724-6. Vis sammendrag

  Taxonomy of Basidiodendron caesiocinereum complex is revised based on morphological and molecular methods (with the use of nc LSU rDNA, ITS and TEF1 regions). The basidiospore ornamentation is justified as a key morphological character for the species recognition in the group. As redefined here, B. caesiocinereum is an angiosperm-dwelling species with smooth basidiospores. Bourdotia cinerella and B. cinerella var. trachyspora are proved to represent separate species with warted basidiospores; they are reintroduced as Basidiodendron cinerellum and B. trachysporum. Additionally, eight new species related to B. caesiocinereum are described based on material from Eurasia, North America and Africa, and identity of B. spinosum from Oceania is discussed.

• Ioannidis, Alexander G.; Blanco-Portillo, Javier; Sandoval, Karla; Hagelberg, Erika; Barberena-Jonas, Carmina & Hill, Adrian V. S. [Vis alle 27 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Paths and timings of the peopling of Polynesia inferred from genomic networks. Nature. ISSN 0028-0836. 597(7877), s. 522–526. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03902-8.
• Nenseth, Hatice Zeynep; Sahu, Aparna; Saatcioglu, Fahri & Osguthorpe, Steven (2021). A Nutraceutical Formula Is Effective in Raising the Circulating Vitamin and Mineral Levels in Healthy Subjects: A Randomized Trial. Frontiers in Nutrition. ISSN 2296-861X. 8. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.703394.
• Anda, Silje; Boye, Erik; Schink, Kay Oliver & Grallert, Beata (2021). Cosegregation of asymmetric features during cell division. Open Biology. ISSN 2046-2441. 11(8), s. 1–11. doi: 10.1098/rsob.210116.
• Pessarrodona, Albert; Filbee-Dexter, Karen; Alcoverro, Teresa; Boada, Jordi; Feehan, Colette J. & Fredriksen, Stein [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Homogenization and miniaturization of habitat structure in temperate marine forests. Global Change Biology. ISSN 1354-1013. doi: 10.1111/gcb.15759.
• Shoor, Marita; Gudim, Ingvild; Hersleth, Hans-Petter & Hammerstad, Marta (2021). Thioredoxin reductase from Bacillus cereus exhibits distinct reduction and NADPH-binding properties. FEBS Open Bio. ISSN 2211-5463. 11(11), s. 3019–3031. doi: 10.1002/2211-5463.13289. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Low molecular weight (low Mr) thioredoxin reductases (TrxRs) are homodimeric NADPH-dependent dithiol flavoenzymes that reduce thioredoxins (Trxs) or Trx-like proteins involved in the activation networks of enzymes, such as the bacterial class Ib ribonucleotide reductase (RNR). During the last few decades, TrxR-like ferredoxin/flavodoxin NADP+ oxidoreductases (FNRs) have been discovered and characterized in several types of bacteria, including those not encoding the canonical plant-type FNR. In Bacillus cereus, a TrxR-like FNR has been shown to reduce the flavodoxin-like protein NrdI in the activation of class Ib RNR. However, some species only encode TrxR, and lack the homologous TrxR-like FNR. Due to the structural similarity between TrxRs and TrxR-like FNRs, as well as variations in their occurrence in different microorganisms, we hypothesized that low Mr TrxR may be able to replace TrxR-like FNR in, for example, the reduction of NrdI. In this study, characterization of TrxR from B. cereus has revealed a weak FNR activity towards NrdI reduction. Additionally, the crystal structure shows that only one out of two binding sites of the B. cereus TrxR homodimer is occupied with NADPH, indicating a possible asymmetric co-substrate binding in TrxR.

• Malecki, Jedrzej Mieczyslaw; O'Donohue, Marie-Francoise; Kim, Yeji; Jakobsson, Magnus; Gessa, Luca & Pinto, Rita [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Human METTL18 is a histidine-specific methyltransferase that targets RPL3 and affects ribosome biogenesis and function. Nucleic Acids Research (NAR). ISSN 0305-1048. 49(6), s. 3185–3203. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkab088. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Geml, József; Morgado, Luis & Semenova-Nelsen, Tatiana A. (2021). Tundra Type Drives Distinct Trajectories of Functional and Taxonomic Composition of Arctic Fungal Communities in Response to Climate Change – Results From Long-Term Experimental Summer Warming and Increased Snow Depth. Frontiers in Microbiology. ISSN 1664-302X. 12, s. 1–13. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.628746.
• Reinar, William Brynildsen; Lalun, Vilde O.; Reitan, Trond; Jakobsen, Kjetill Sigurd & Butenko, Melinka Alonso (2021). Length variation in short tandem repeats affects gene expression in natural populations of Arabidopsis thaliana. The Plant Cell. ISSN 1040-4651. 33(7), s. 2221–2234. doi: 10.1093/plcell/koab107.
• Eie, Martin; Jensen, Thomas Correll; Walseng, Bjørn; Eie, Jon Arne & Hessen, Dag Olav (2021). Long-term resilience in microcrustacean communities despite environmental changes. Ecosphere. ISSN 2150-8925. 12(7), s. 1–13. doi: 10.1002/ecs2.3676. Vis sammendrag

  The ability of communities to withstand stress or maintain their species composition over extended periods of environmental changes is a matter of major concern. Here, we utilize a dataset where microcrustacean communities were related to water chemistry in 82 boreal-alpine lakes over a 50-yr time span (1968 and 2016), with the same person involved in sampling both times ensuring identical sites and sampling protocols. Over this time span, there has been a 1–2°C increase in mean annual temperatures and prolonged growing seasons. Also, the strong changes in SO4 deposition and acidification, peaking in the early 1980s, followed by a recovery period, have caused not only an increase in pH but also a pronounced browning (elevated DOC) and reduced levels of Ca over the past three decades. Despite this, the microcrustacean diversity and community composition have remained remarkably stable, and this holds both for the species-rich larger, boreal sites and the species-poor alpine sites. While likely there are interannual fluctuations in species abundance, and perhaps species may also be missing for certain periods, a combination of local refugia, resting egg seed-banks and a regional recolonization that may occur at the metapopulation level, aims at maintaining a strong stability in community composition.

• Hermansen, Simen; Linke, Dirk & Leo, Jack C. (2021). Transmembrane β-barrel proteins of bacteria: From structure to function. Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology. ISSN 1876-1623. doi: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.07.002.
• Eftestøl, Einar; Ochi, Eisuke; Juvkam, Inga & Gundersen, Kristian (2021). A juvenile climbing exercise establishes a muscle memory boosting the effects of exercise in adult rats. BioRxiv. ISSN 0362-4331. s. 1–18. doi: 10.1101/2021.06.02.446793.
• Lehr, Andrew; Kumar, Arvind; Tezlaff, Christian; Hafting, Torkel; Fyhn, Marianne & Stöber, Tristan Manfred (2021). CA2 beyond social memory: Evidence for a fundamental role in hippocampal information processing. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews. ISSN 0149-7634. 126, s. 398–412. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.03.020.
• Lepperød, Mikkel Elle; Christensen, Ane Charlotte; Lensjø, Kristian Kinden; Buccino, Alessio Paolo; Yu, Jai & Fyhn, Marianne [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Optogenetic pacing of medial septum parvalbumin-positive cells disrupts temporal but not spatial firing in grid cells. Science Advances. ISSN 2375-2548. 7(19). doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abd5684.
• Crapart, Camille Marie; Andersen, Tom; Hessen, Dag Olav; Valiente Parra, Nicolas & Vogt, Rolf David (2021). Factors Governing Biodegradability of Dissolved Natural Organic Matter in Lake Water. Water. ISSN 2073-4441. 13(16). doi: 10.3390/w13162210. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rasmussen, Marit; Tan, Susanna; Somisetty, Venkata Satheesh; Hutin, David; Olafsen, Ninni Elise & Moen, Anders [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). PARP7 and Mono-ADP-Ribosylation Negatively Regulate Estrogen Receptor α Signaling in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Cells. ISSN 2073-4409. 10(3). doi: 10.3390/cells10030623.
• Aarønes, Malin Røyset; Paus-Knudsen, Julie Sørlie; Nielsen, Anders; Rundberget, Thomas & Borgå, Katrine (2021). Within-Body Distributions and Feeding Effects of the Neonicotinoid Insecticide Clothianidin in Bumblebees (Bombus terrestris). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. ISSN 0730-7268. 40(10), s. 2781–2790. doi: 10.1002/etc.5154. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Bumblebees can be exposed to neonicotinoid pesticides through nectar and pollen collected from treated crops, which can cause lethal and sublethal effects in these nontarget pollinators. However, the body distribution of the compound after exposure to neonicotinoids in bumblebees is not well studied. Bumblebee colonies (Bombus terrestris, n = 20) were exposed to field-realistic concentrations of clothianidin through artificial nectar (3.6–13 µg/L) for 9 d. Comparison of the nominal with the measured exposure in nectar indicated good compliance, confirming the applicability of the method. When quantified, clothianidin showed a concentration-dependent occurrence in the head and body of workers (head: <0.2–2.17 µg/kg; body: <0.2–3.17 µg/kg), and in the body of queens (<0.2–2.49 µg/kg), although concentrations were below those measured in the nectar (bioaccumulation factor = 0.2). Exposure to clothianidin did not affect mortality nor brood production, nor did it have a statistically significant effect on nectar consumption and size of food storage. However, visual inspection suggests higher nectar consumption of nectar with low clothianidin content compared with nectar with no or high clothianidin content. Our results show that dietary clothianidin is taken up in bumblebees, but does not bioaccumulate to elevated levels compared with exposure. Still, clothianidin may elicit responses that affect feeding behavior of the pollinator B. terrestris, although our endpoints were not significantly affected.

• Liyakat Ali, Tharvesh Moideen; Brunet, Annaëlle; Collas, Philippe & Paulsen, Jonas (2021). TAD cliques predict key features of chromatin organization. BMC Genomics. ISSN 1471-2164. 22(1). doi: 10.1186/s12864-021-07815-8. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Blanc-Mathieu, Romain; Dahle, Håkon; Hofgaard, Antje; Brandt, David; Ban, Hiroki & Kalinowski, Jörn [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). A persistent giant algal virus, with a unique morphology, encodes an unprecedented number of genes involved in energy metabolism. Journal of Virology. ISSN 0022-538X. 95(8), s. 1–58. doi: 10.1128/JVI.02446-20.
• Bjørnestad, Maria; Kalisch, Henrik; Abid, Malek; Kharif, Christian & Brun, Mats (2021). Wave Breaking in Undular Bores with Shear Flows. Water Waves. ISSN 2523-367X. s. 1–18. doi: 10.1007/s42286-020-00046-6.
• Kaartvedt, Stein; Ugland, Karl I.; Heuschele, Jan David & Solberg, Ingrid (2021). Coordinated gas release among the physostomous fish sprat (Sprattus sprattus). Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 11(1). doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-92585-2.
• Pihlstrøm, Nicklas; Jin, Yang; Nenseth, Hatice Zeynep; Kuzu, Omer Faruk & Saatcioglu, Fahri (2021). Stamp2 expression mediated by cytokines attenuates their growth-limiting effects in prostate cancer cells. Cancers. ISSN 2072-6694. 13(7). doi: 10.3390/cancers13071579.
• Mareckova, Marketa; Boenigk, Jens; Bouchez, Agnès; Cermakova, Kristina; Chonova, Teofana & Cordier, Tristan [Vis alle 34 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Expanding ecological assessment by integrating microorganisms into routine freshwater biomonitoring. Water Research. ISSN 0043-1354. 191. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116767.
• Skrede, Inger; Murat, Claude; Hess, Jaqueline; Maurice, Sundy Ursula Mary Jane; Sønstebø, Jørn Henrik & Kohler, Annegret [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Contrasting demographic histories revealed in two invasive populations of the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans. Molecular Ecology. ISSN 0962-1083. 30(12), s. 2772–2789. doi: 10.1111/mec.15934. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Globalization and international trade have impacted organisms around the world leading to a considerable number of species establishing in new geographic areas. Many organisms have taken advantage of human-made environments, including buildings. One such species is the dry rot fungus Serpula lacrymans, which is the most aggressive wood-decay fungus in indoor environments in temperate regions. Using population genomic analyses of 36 full genome sequenced isolates, we demonstrated that European and Japanese isolates are highly divergent and the populations split 3000–19,000 generations ago, probably predating human influence. Approximately 250 generations ago, the European population went through a tight bottleneck, probably corresponding to the fungus colonization of the built environment in Europe. The demographic history of these populations, probably lead to low adaptive potential. Only two loci under selection were identified using a Fst outlier approach, and selective sweep analyses identified three loci with extended haplotype homozygosity. The selective sweep analyses found signals in genes possibly related to decay of various substrates in Japan and in genes involved DNA replication and protein modification in Europe. Our results suggest that the dry rot fungus independently established in indoor environments in Europe and Japan and that invasive species can potentially establish large populations in new habitats based on a few colonizing individuals.

• Høydahl, Lene; Frigstad, Terje; Rasmussen, Ingunn B; Øynebråten, Inger; Schjetne, Karoline W & Andersen, Jan Terje [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Antibody-mediated delivery of T-cell epitopes to antigen-presenting cells induce strong CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses. Vaccine. ISSN 0264-410X. 39(11), s. 1583–1592. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.02.012. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Øverbye, Anders; Torgersen, Maria Lyngaas; Sønstevold, Tonje; Iversen, Tore Geir; Mørch, Ýrr Asbjørg & Skotland, Tore [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Cabazitaxel-loaded poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles: Toxicity and changes in the proteome of breast, colon and prostate cancer cells. Nanotoxicology. ISSN 1743-5390. 15(7), s. 865–884. doi: 10.1080/17435390.2021.1924888. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sharma, Ankush & Colonna, Giovanni (2021). System-Wide Pollution of Biomedical Data: Consequence of the Search for Hub Genes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Without Spatiotemporal Consideration. Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy. ISSN 1177-1062. 25(1), s. 9–27. doi: 10.1007/s40291-020-00505-3.
• Gopakumar, Anjali; Giebichenstein, Julia; Raskhozheva, Evgeniia & Borgå, Katrine (2021). Mercury in Barents Sea fish in the Arctic polar night: Species and spatial comparison. Marine Pollution Bulletin. ISSN 0025-326X. 169, s. 1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112501.
• Andresen, Ina Jungersen; Orr, Russell John Scott; Krabberød, Anders Kristian; Shalchian-Tabrizi, Kamran & Bråte, Jon (2021). Genome sequencing and de novo assembly of the giant unicellular alga Acetabularia acetabulum using droplet MDA. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 11. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-92092-4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Di Martino, Emanuela & Liow, Lee Hsiang (2021). Trait-fitness associations do not predict within-species phenotypic evolution over 2 million years. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. ISSN 0962-8452. 288(1943), s. 1–9. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2047.
• Wutkowska, Magdalena; Ehrich, Dorothee; Mundra, Sunil; Vader, Anna & Eidesen, Pernille Bronken (2021). Can root-associated fungi mediate the impact of abiotic conditions on the growth of a High Arctic herb? Soil Biology and Biochemistry. ISSN 0038-0717. 159. doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2021.108284. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Arctic plants are affected by many stressors. Root-associated fungi are thought to influence plant performance in stressful environmental conditions. However, the relationships are not well-known; do the number of fungal partners, their ecological functions and community composition mediate the impact of environmental conditions and/or influence host plant performance? To address these questions, we used a common arctic plant as a model system: Bistorta vivipara. Whole plants (including root system) were collected from nine locations in Spitsbergen (n=214). Morphometric features were measured as a proxy for performance and combined with metabarcoding datasets of their root-associated fungi (amplicon sequence variants, ASVs), edaphic and meteorological variables. Seven biological hypotheses regarding fungal influence on plant measures were tested using structural equation modelling. The best-fitting model revealed that local temperature affected plants both directly (negatively aboveground and positively below-ground) and indirectly - mediated by fungal richness and the ratio of symbio- and saprotrophic ASVs. The influence of temperature on host plants is therefore complex and should be examined further. Fungal community composition did not impact plant measurements and plant reproductive investment was not influenced by any fungal parameters. The lack of impact of fungal community composition on plant performance suggests that the functional importance of fungi is more essential for the plant than their identity.

• Reimers, Eigil; Eftestøl, Sindre & Colman, Jonathan Edward (2021). Vigilance in reindeer (Rangifer tarandus); evolutionary history, predation and human interference. Polar Biology. ISSN 0722-4060. 44, s. 997–1007. doi: 10.1007/s00300-021-02857-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Knudtzon, Nina C; Thorstensen, Helene; Ruus, Anders; Helberg, Morten; Bæk, Kine & Enge, Ellen Katrin [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Maternal transfer and occurrence of siloxanes, chlorinated paraffins, metals, PFAS and legacy POPs in herring gulls (Larus argentatus) of different urban influence. Environment International. ISSN 0160-4120. 152. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106478. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Urban herring gulls (Larus argentatus) are exposed to contaminants from aquatic, terrestrial and anthropogenic sources. We aim to assess if differences in urbanisation affect ecological niche and contaminant concentrations in female herring gulls. Furthermore, we investigated maternal transfer from mothers to eggs for all the target compounds, including chlorinated paraffins (CPs) and cyclic volatile methyl siloxane (cVMSs), which to our knowledge have not been assessed in herring gulls previously. We compare concentrations of legacy and emerging contaminants and metals in blood and eggs between two herring gull colonies located 51 km apart, in the urban influenced Norwegian Oslofjord. While both colonies are within an urbanised area, the inner fjord is more so, as it is surrounded by Oslo, the capital and largest city in Norway Stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen indicated a more marine ecological niche in the outer than the inner fjord colony, although with overlap. Persistent organic pollutant (POP) concentrations were similar in the inner and outer fjord colonies, while the short-chained chlorinated paraffins (SCCP), which are recently added to the Stockholm convention and contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) varied, with higher concentrations of SCCP and the cVMS decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) in females and eggs of the inner fjord colony. Per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFAS) concentrations were higher in the outer fjord colony, likely linked to releases from a point-source (airport and waste management facility with open access to food waste). In blood, chlorinated paraffins contributed most the total lipophilic contaminants (inner: 78%, outer: 56%), while polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were the most abundant lipophilic contaminants in eggs (inner: 62%, outer: 46%). Dechloranes and brominated flame retardants (BFRs) were detected in few samples. Maternal transfer, assessed by egg to blood ratios, of cVMSs were similar to the POPs with mean log ratio 0.39 (D5), while it was lower for SCCPs, with log ratios-0.77. Our results indicate comparable POP exposure of the herring gulls in the inner and outer Oslofjord, likely due to overlap in ecological niches between the colonies and wide distribution of POPs. The differences between the colonies in concentrations of PFAS, cVMS and CPs shows that point source exposures and urban influence may be more important than ecological niche for these compounds.

• Lemma, Roza Berhanu; Ledsaak, Marit; Fuglerud, Bettina Maria; Sandve, Geir Kjetil; Eskeland, Ragnhild & Gabrielsen, Odd Stokke (2021). Chromatin occupancy and target genes of the haematopoietic master transcription factor MYB. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 11(9008). doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-88516-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The transcription factor MYB is a master regulator in haematopoietic progenitor cells and a pioneer factor affecting differentiation and proliferation of these cells. Leukaemic transformation may be promoted by high MYB levels. Despite much accumulated molecular knowledge of MYB, we still lack a comprehensive understanding of its target genes and its chromatin action. In the present work, we performed a ChIP-seq analysis of MYB in K562 cells accompanied by detailed bioinformatics analyses. We found that MYB occupies both promoters and enhancers. Five clusters (C1–C5) were found when we classified MYB peaks according to epigenetic profiles. C1 was enriched for promoters and C2 dominated by enhancers. C2-linked genes were connected to hematopoietic specific functions and had GATA factor motifs as second in frequency. C1 had in addition to MYB-motifs a significant frequency of ETS-related motifs. Combining ChIP-seq data with RNA-seq data allowed us to identify direct MYB target genes. We also compared ChIP-seq data with digital genomic footprinting. MYB is occupying nearly a third of the super-enhancers in K562. Finally, we concluded that MYB cooperates with a subset of the other highly expressed TFs in this cell line, as expected for a master regulator

• Stabell, Marianne; Sæther, Thomas; Kjendseth, Åsmund Røhr; Gabrielsen, Odd Stokke & Myklebost, Ola (2021). Methylation-dependent SUMOylation of the architectural transcription factor HMGA2. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications - BBRC. ISSN 0006-291X. 552, s. 91–97. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.02.099. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  High mobility group A2 (HMGA2) is a chromatin-associated protein involved in the regulation of stem cell function, embryogenesis and cancer development. Although the protein does not contain a consensus SUMOylation site, it is shown to be SUMOylated. In this study, we demonstrate that the first lysine residue in the reported K66KAE SUMOylation motif in HMGA2 can be methylated in vitro and in vivo by the Set7/9 methyltransferase. By editing the lysine, the increased hydrophobicity of the resulting 6-N-methyl-lysine transforms the sequence into a consensus SUMO motif. This post-translational editing dramatically increases the subsequent SUMOylation of this site. Furthermore, similar putative methylation-dependent SUMO motifs are found in a number of other chromatin factors, and we confirm methylation-dependent SUMOylation of a site in one such protein, the Polyhomeotic complex 1 homolog (PHC1). Together, these results suggest that crosstalk between methylation and SUMOylation is a general mode for regulation of chromatin function.

• Barcytė, Dovilė; Eikrem, Wenche; Engesmo, Anette; Seoane, Sergio; Wohlmann, Jens & Horák, Aleš [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Olisthodiscus represents a new class of Ochrophyta . Journal of Phycology. ISSN 0022-3646. 57(4), s. 1094–1118. doi: 10.1111/jpy.13155. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Rooke, Jessica; Icke, Christopher; Wells, Timothy; Rossiter, Amanda; Browning, Douglas & Morris, Faye [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). BamA and BamD Are Essential for the Secretion of Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesins. Frontiers in Microbiology. ISSN 1664-302X. 12. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.628879. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Christensen, Ane Charlotte; Lensjø, Kristian Kinden; Lepperød, Mikkel Elle; Dragly, Svenn-Arne; Sutterud, Hallvard & Blackstad, Jan Sigurd [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Perineuronal nets stabilize the grid cell network. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 12. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20241-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Haugland, Barbro Taraldset; Armitage, Caroline S.; Kutti, Tina; Husa, Vivian; Skogen, Morten D. & Bekkby, Trine [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Large-scale salmon farming in Norway impacts the epiphytic community of Laminaria hyperborea. Aquaculture Environment Interactions. ISSN 1869-215X. 13, s. 81–100. doi: 10.3354/AEI00392. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Grønlien, Heidi Kristine; Fontaine, Romain; Hodne, Kjetil; Tysseng, Isabelle; Ager-Wick, Eirill & Weltzien, Finn-Arne [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Long extensions with varicosity-like structures in gonadotrope Lh cells facilitate clustering in medaka pituitary culture. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 16(1). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245462.
• Põlme, Sergei; Abarenkov, Kessy; Nilsson, R. Henrik; Lindahl, Björn D.; Clemmensen, Karina E. & Kauserud, Håvard [Vis alle 74 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). FungalTraits: a user‑friendly traits database of fungi and fungus‑like stramenopiles. Fungal diversity. ISSN 1560-2745. doi: 10.1007/s13225-020-00466-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Anderson, Thomas R.; Raubenheimer, David; Hessen, Dag Olav; Jensen, Kim; Gentleman, Wendy C. & Mayor, Daniel J. (2020). Geometric Stoichiometry: Unifying Concepts of Animal Nutrition to Understand How Protein-Rich Diets Can Be “Too Much of a Good Thing”. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2296-701X. 8, s. 1–12. doi: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00196. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Buccino, Alessio Paolo; Hurwitz, Cole Lincoln; Garcia, Samuel; Magland, Jeremy; Siegle, Joshua H. & Hurwitz, Roger [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). SpikeInterface, a unified framework for spike sorting. eLIFE. ISSN 2050-084X. 9, s. 1–24. doi: 10.7554/eLife.61834.
• Kumar, Suresh; Jain, Ashish; Choi, Seong Won; da Silva, Gustavo Peixoto Duarte; Allers, Lee & Mudd, Michal H. [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Mammalian Atg8-family proteins are upstream regulators of the lysosomalsystem by controlling MTOR and TFEB. Autophagy. ISSN 1554-8627. 16(12), s. 2305–2306. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1837423.
• Sjøberg, Mari; Gregers, Tone Fredsvik; Ødegaard, Marianne & Tsigaridas, Kristin Glørstad (2020). Biologilæreres kryssing av kulturgrenser– fra en naturvitenskapelig kultur til en skolekultur. Nordic Studies in Science Education. ISSN 1504-4556. 16(1), s. 52–66. doi: 10.5617/nordina.6518. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Pilla, Rachel M.; Williamson, Craig E.; Adamovich, Boris V.; Adrian, Rita; Anneville, Orlane & Chandra, Sudeep [Vis alle 58 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Deeper waters are changing less consistently than surface waters in a global analysis of 102 lakes. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 10, s. 1–15. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-76873-x. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ioannidis, Alexander G.; Blanco-Portillo, Javier; Sandoval, Karla; Hagelberg, Erika; Miquel-Poblete, Juan Francisco & Moreno-Mayar, J. Víctor [Vis alle 31 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Native American gene flow into Polynesia predating Easter Island settlement. Nature. ISSN 0028-0836. 583(7817), s. 572–577. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2487-2.
• Stöber, Tristan Manfred; Lehr, Andrew B; Hafting, Torkel; Kumar, Arvind & Fyhn, Marianne (2020). Selective neuromodulation and mutual inhibition within the CA3-CA2 system can prioritize sequences for replay. Hippocampus. ISSN 1050-9631. doi: 10.1002/hipo.23256. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bjerregaard-Andersen, Kaare; Johannesen, Hedda; Abraha, Fana; Šakanović, Aleksandra; Grosser, Daniel & Coskun, Ünal [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Insight into glycosphingolipid crypticity: Crystal structure of the anti-1tumor antibody 14F7 and recognition of NeuGc GM3 ganglioside. BioRxiv. ISSN 0362-4331. doi: 10.1101/2020.09.18.294777.
• Reimers, Eigil; Eftestøl, Sindre; Alemu, Diress Tsegaye & Granum, Knut (2020). Villreinens bruk av vinterbeite av høy kvalitet overstyrer barriereeffekter av kraftlinjer. Rangifer. ISSN 0333-256X. 40(1), s. 27–40. doi: 10.7557/2.40.1.4968. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Brett, Jamie O; Arjona, Marina; Ikeda, Mika; Quarta, Marco; de Morree, Antoine & Egner, Ingrid Marie [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Exercise rejuvenates quiescent skeletal muscle stem cells in old mice through restoration of Cyclin D1. Nature Metabolism. 2(4), s. 307–317. doi: 10.1038/s42255-020-0190-0.
• Sugden, Arthur; Zaremba, Jeffrey; Sugden, Lauren A; Maguire, Kelly; Lutas, Andrew & Ramesh, Rohan [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Cortical reactivations of recent sensory experiences predict bidirectional network changes during learning. Nature Neuroscience. ISSN 1097-6256. 23, s. 981–991. doi: 10.1038/s41593-020-0651-5.
• Strand, Line Tau; Fjellstad, Wendy ; Jackson-Blake, Leah Amber & de Wit, Heleen A (2020). Afforestation of a pasture in Norway did not result in higher soil carbon, 50 years after planting. Landscape and Urban Planning. ISSN 0169-2046. 207. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2020.104007. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kara, Emrah; Nielsen, Nis Valentin; Eggertsdottir, Bergrun; Thiede, Bernd; Kanse, Sandip & Løset, Geir Åge (2020). Design and characterization of a new pVII combinatorial phage display peptide library for protease substrate mining using Factor VII activating protease (FSAP) as model. ChemBioChem. ISSN 1439-4227. 21(13), s. 1875–1884. doi: 10.1002/cbic.201900705. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hovden Aaen, Kristin; Anthi, Aina Karen; Sandlie, Inger; Nilsen, Jeannette; Mester, Simone & Andersen, Jan Terje (2020). The neonatal Fc receptor in mucosal immune regulation. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0300-9475. doi: 10.1111/sji.13017.
• Claxton, James Benedict; Joudeh, Nadeem; Røyne, Anja; Linke, Dirk & Mikheenko, Pavlo (2020). Sequential magnetic mapping of bacteria loaded with Pd-Fe nanoparticles , 2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on “Nanomaterials: Applications & Properties” (NAP – 2020). IEEE. ISSN 978-1-7281-8506-4. s. 01NIC01-1–01NIC01-5. doi: 10.1109/NAP51477.2020.9309619. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Campaña Perilla, Ana Lucia; Joudeh, Nadeem; Høyer, Henrik; Røyne, Anja; Linke, Dirk & Mikheenko, Pavlo (2020). Probing van der Waals and magnetic forces in bacteria with magnetic nanoparticles, 2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on “Nanomaterials: Applications & Properties” (NAP – 2020). IEEE. ISSN 978-1-7281-8506-4. s. 01NSSA03-1–01NSSA03-5. doi: 10.1109/NAP51477.2020.9309722. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Brauckhoff, Melanie; Wahlberg, Magnus; Haga, Jens Ådne Rekkedal; Karlsen, Hans Erik & Wilson, Maria (2020). Embracing Their Prey at That Dark Hour: Common Cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) Can Hunt in Nighttime Light Conditions. Frontiers in Physiology. ISSN 1664-042X. 11, s. 1–9. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00525. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tamrat, Misganaw; Atickem, Anagaw Meshesha; Tsegaye, Diress; Nguyen, Nga; Bekele, Afework & Evangelista, Paul [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Human-wildlife conflict and coexistence: A case study from Senkele Swayne's Hartebeest Sanctuary in Ethiopia. Wildlife Biology. ISSN 0909-6396. 2020(3). doi: 10.2981/wlb.00712. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hansson, Kenth-Arne; Eftestøl, Einar; Bruusgaard, Jo C.; Juvkam, Inga; Cramer, Alyssa W. & Malthe-Sørenssen, Anders [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Myonuclear content regulates cell size with similar scaling properties in mice and humans. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 11(1). doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-20057-8. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hess, Jaqueline; Balasundaram, Sudhagar V.; Bakkemo, Reneè Isabel; Drula, Elodie; Henrissat, Bernard & Högberg, Nils [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Niche differentiation and evolution of the wood decay machinery in the invasive fungus Serpula lacrymans. The ISME Journal. ISSN 1751-7362. s. 1–13. doi: 10.1038/s41396-020-00799-5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Weikum, Julia; Kulakova, Alina; Tesei, Giulio; Yoshimoto, Shogo; Vejby Jægerum, Line & Schütz, Monika [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). The extracellular juncture domains in the intimin passenger adopt a constitutively extended conformation inducing restraints to its sphere of action. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 10(1). doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77706-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Norderhaug, Kjell Magnus; Nedreaas, Kjell Harald; Huserbråten, Mats & Moland, Even (2020). Depletion of coastal predatory fish sub-stocks coincided with the largest sea urchin grazing event observed in the NE Atlantic. Ambio. ISSN 0044-7447. 50, s. 163–173. doi: 10.1007/s13280-020-01362-4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Johnsen, Stein Ivar; Strand, David; Rusch, Johannes & Vrålstad, Trude (2020). Environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring of noble crayfish astacus astacus in lentic environments offers reliable presence-absence surveillance – but fails to predict population density. Frontiers in Environmental Science. ISSN 2296-665X. 8, s. 1–15. doi: 10.3389/fenvs.2020.612253. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Noble crayfish is the most widespread native freshwater crayfish species in Europe. It is threatened in its entire distribution range and listed on the International Union for Concervation Nature- and national red lists. Reliable monitoring data is a prerequisite for implementing conservation measures, and population trends are traditionally obtained from catch per unit effort (CPUE) data. Recently developed environmental DNA (eDNA) tools can potentially improve the effort. In the past decade, eDNA monitoring has emerged as a promising tool for species surveillance, and some studies have established that eDNA methods yield adequate presence-absence data for crayfish. There are also high expectations that eDNA concentrations in the water can predict biomass or relative density. However, eDNA studies for crayfish have not yet been able to establish a convincing relationship between eDNA concentrations and crayfish density. This study compared eDNA and CPUE data obtained the same day and with high sampling effort, and evaluated whether eDNA concentrations can predict relative density of crayfish. We also compared two analytical methods [Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and digital droplet PCR (ddPCR)], and estimated the detection probability for eDNA monitoring compared to trapping using occupancy modeling. In all lakes investigated, we detected eDNA from noble crayfish, even in lakes with very low densities. The eDNA method is reliable for presence-absence monitoring of noble crayfish, and the probability of detecting noble crayfish from eDNA samples increased with increasing relative crayfish densities. However, the crayfish eDNA concentrations were consistently low and mostly below the limit of quantification, even in lakes with very high crayfish densities. The hypothesis that eDNA concentrations can predict relative crayfish density was consequently not supported. Our study underlines the importance of intensified sampling effort for successful detection of very low-density populations, and for substantiating presumed absence, inferred from negative results. Surprisingly, we found a higher likelihood of eDNA detection using qPCR compared to ddPCR. We conclude that eDNA monitoring cannot substitute CPUE data, but is a reliable supplement for rapid presence-absence overviews. Combined with eDNA analyses of alien crayfish species and diseases such as crayfish plague, this is a cost-efficient supplement offering a more holistic monitoring approach for aquatic environments and native crayfish conservation.

• Grytten, Ivar; Rand, Knut Dagestad; Nederbragt, Alexander Johan & Sandve, Geir Kjetil (2020). Assessing graph-based read mappers against a baseline approach highlights strengths and weaknesses of current methods. BMC Genomics. ISSN 1471-2164. 21. doi: 10.1186/s12864-020-6685-y. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Låg, Marit; Øvrevik, Johan; Refsnes, Magne Arnold & Holme, Jørn Andreas (2020). Potential role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air pollution-induced non-malignant respiratory diseases. Respiratory Research. ISSN 1465-9921. 21. doi: 10.1186/s12931-020-01563-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Mobekk, Hilde; Hessen, Dag Olav; Fagerstrøm, Asle & Jacobsen, Hanne (2020). For your eyes only: A field experiment on nudging hygienic behavior. Frontiers in Psychology. ISSN 1664-1078. 11, s. 1–8. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.603440. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Eshun-Wilson, Franceen; Wolf, Raoul; Andersen, Tom; Hessen, Dag O & Sperfeld, Erik (2020). UV radiation affects antipredatory defense traits in Daphnia pulex. Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2045-7758. 10(24), s. 14082–14097. doi: 10.1002/ece3.6999. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tibuhwa, Donatha D.; Hussein, Juma M.; Ryvarden, Leif; Sijaona, Mark E. R. & Tibell, Sanja (2020). A phylogeny for the plant pathogen Piptoporellus baudonii using a multigene data set. Mycologia. ISSN 0027-5514. 112(5), s. 1017–1025. doi: 10.1080/00275514.2020.1801303. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Buccino, Alessio Paolo; Kuchta, Miroslav; Schreiner, Jakob Emil & Mardal, Kent-Andre (2020). Improving Neural Simulations with the EMI Model. I Tveito, Aslak; Mardal, Kent-Andre & Rognes, Marie (Red.), Modeling Excitable Tissue -- The EMI Framework. Springer. ISSN 978-3-030-61156-9. s. 87–98.
• de Wit, Heleen A; Lepistö, Ahti; Marttila, Hannu; Wenng, Hannah; Bechmann, Marianne & Blicher-Mathiesen, Gitte [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Land-use dominates climate controls on nitrogen and phosphorus export from managed and natural Nordic headwater catchments. Hydrological Processes. ISSN 0885-6087. 34(25), s. 4831–4850. doi: 10.1002/hyp.13939. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hansson, Kenth-Arne; Solbrå, Andreas Våvang; Gundersen, Kristian & Bruusgaard, Jo C. (2020). Computational assessment of transport distances in living skeletal muscle fibers studied in situ. Biophysical Journal. ISSN 0006-3495. 119(11), s. 2166–2178. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.10.016.
• Van den Abeele, Jeriek Paul (2020). Illuminating elite patches of chemical space. Chemical Science. ISSN 2041-6520. 11(42), s. 11485–11491. doi: 10.1039/d0sc03544k. Vis sammendrag

  In the past few years, there has been considerable activity in both academic and industrial research to develop innovative machine learning approaches to locate novel, high-performing molecules in chemical space. Here we describe a new and fundamentally different type of approach that provides a holistic overview of how high-performing molecules are distributed throughout a search space. Based on an open-source, graph-based implementation [J. H. Jensen, Chem. Sci., 2019, 10, 3567–3572] of a traditional genetic algorithm for molecular optimisation, and influenced by state-of-the-art concepts from soft robot design [J. B. Mouret and J. Clune, Proceedings of the Artificial Life Conference, 2012, pp. 593–594], we provide an algorithm that (i) produces a large diversity of high-performing, yet qualitatively different molecules, (ii) illuminates the distribution of optimal solutions, and (iii) improves search efficiency compared to both machine learning and traditional genetic algorithm approaches.

• Lie, Marie; Winsvold, Bendik ; Gjerstad, Johannes; Matre, Dagfinn; Pedersen, Linda Margareth & Heuch, Ingrid [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). The association between selected genetic variants and individual differences in experimental pain. Scandinavian Journal of Pain. ISSN 1877-8860. 21(1), s. 163–173. doi: 10.1515/sjpain-2020-0091.
• Margiotta, Azzurra; Frei, Dominik Michael; Sendstad, Ingrid Hegnes; Janssen, Lennert; Neefjes, Jacques & Bakke, Oddmund (2020). Invariant chain regulates endosomal fusion and maturation through an interaction with the SNARE Vti1b. Journal of Cell Science. ISSN 0021-9533. 133. doi: 10.1242/jcs.244624. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nilsen, Jeannette; Trabjerg, Esben; Grevys, Algirdas; Azevedo, Claudia; Brennan, Stephen O. & Stensland, Maria [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). An intact C-terminal end of albumin is required for its long half-life in humans. Communications Biology. ISSN 2399-3642. 3(1). doi: 10.1038/s42003-020-0903-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hubbard, Jonathan J.; Pyzik, Michal; Rath, Timo; Kozicky, Lisa K.; Sand, Kine Marita Knudsen & Gandhi, Amit K. [Vis alle 17 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). FcRn is a CD32a coreceptor that determines susceptibility to IgG immune complex-driven autoimmunity. Journal of Experimental Medicine (JEM). ISSN 0022-1007. 217(10). doi: 10.1084/jem.20200359.
• Allesson, Lina; Andersen, Tom; Dörsch, Peter; Eiler, Alexander; Wei, Jing & Hessen, Dag Olav (2020). Phosphorus availability promotes bacterial DOC-mineralization, but not cumulative CO2-production. Frontiers in Microbiology. ISSN 1664-302X. 11. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.569879. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Barreto, A.; Dias, Ana Cláudia; Duarte, B.; Pinto, Edgar; Almeida, Agostinho & Trindade, T. [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Biological effects and bioaccumulation of gold in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) – Nano versus ionic form. Science of the Total Environment. ISSN 0048-9697. 716, s. 1–13. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137026. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Allesson, Lina; Koehler, Birgit; Thrane, Jan-Erik; Andersen, Tom & Hessen, Dag O (2020). The role of photomineralization for CO2 emissions in boreal lakes along a gradient of dissolved organic matter. Limnology and Oceanography. ISSN 0024-3590. 66(1), s. 158–170. doi: 10.1002/lno.11594. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Berntsen, Hanne Friis; Moldes-Anaya, Angel; Bjørklund, Cesilie Granum; Ragazzi, Lorenzo; Haug, Trude M & Strandabø, Rønnaug [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Perfluoroalkyl acids potentiate glutamate excitotoxicity in rat cerebellar granule neurons. Toxicology. ISSN 0300-483X. 445. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152610. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• White, Robert G. & Reimers, Eigil (2020). Phenotypic plasticity following weaning: winter body mass trends and food intake in relation to temperature by an arctic ungulate. Polar Biology. ISSN 0722-4060. 43(3), s. 193–205. doi: 10.1007/s00300-020-02623-4.
• Næs, Guro; Storesund, Jan Ove; Udayakumar, Priyanga-Dina; Ledsaak, Marit & Gabrielsen, Odd Stokke (2020). Dissecting the transactivation domain (tAD) of the transcription factor c‐Myb to assess recent models of tAD function. FEBS Open Bio. ISSN 2211-5463. 10(11), s. 2329–2342. doi: 10.1002/2211-5463.12978. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Tamrat, Misganaw; Atickem, Anagaw Meshesha; Tsegaye, Diress; Evangelista, Paul; Bekele, Afework & Stenseth, Nils Christian (2020). The effect of season and post-fire on habitat preferences of the endangered Swayne's hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei) in Maze National Park, Ethiopia. BMC Ecology. ISSN 1472-6785. 20. doi: 10.1186/s12898-020-0275-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Janion-Scheepers, Charlene; Bengtsson, Jan; Duffy, Grant A.; Deharveng, Louis; Leinaas, Hans Petter & Chown, Steven L. (2020). High spatial turnover in springtails of the Cape Floristic Region. Journal of Biogeography. ISSN 0305-0270. 47(5), s. 1007–1018. doi: 10.1111/jbi.13801. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Thoen, Ella; Harder, Christoffer Bugge; Kauserud, Håvard; Botnen, Synnøve Smebye; Vik, Unni & Taylor, Andy F.S. [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). In vitro evidence of root colonization suggests ecological versatility in the genus Mycena. New Phytologist. ISSN 0028-646X. 227, s. 601–612. doi: 10.1111/nph.16545. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skrede, Inger; Ballester Gonzalvo, Luis; Mathiesen, Cecilie & Schumacher, Trond (2020). The genera Helvella and Dissingia (Ascomycota: Pezizomycetes) in Europe – Notes on species from Spain. Fungal Systematics and Evolution. ISSN 2589-3831. 6(1), s. 65–93. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2020.06.05. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kvile, Kristina Øie; Altin, Dag; Thommesen, Lotte & Titelman, Emma Rebecka Josefin (2020). Predation risk alters life history strategies in an oceanic copepod. Ecology. ISSN 0012-9658. 102(1). doi: 10.1002/ecy.3214. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hu, Qiu Xiang; Klatt, Gesa; Gudmundsrud, Ruben; Ottestad-Hansen, Sigrid; Verbruggen, Lisa & Massie, Ann [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Semi-quantitative distribution of excitatory amino acid (glutamate) transporters 1-3 (EAAT1-3) and the cystine-glutamate exchanger (xCT) in the adult murine spinal cord. Neurochemistry International. ISSN 0197-0186. 140. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104811. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lepperød, Mikkel Elle; Dragly, Svenn-Arne; Buccino, Alessio Paolo; Mobarhan, Milad; Malthe-Sørenssen, Anders & Hafting, Torkel [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Experimental Pipeline (Expipe): A Lightweight Data Management Platform to Simplify the Steps From Experiment to Data Analysis. Frontiers in Neuroinformatics. ISSN 1662-5196. 14. doi: 10.3389/fninf.2020.00030. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Guadagno, Noemi Antonella; Margiotta, Azzurra; Bjørnestad, Synne Arstad; Haugen, Linda Hofstad; Kjos, Ingrid & Xiaochun, Xu [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Rab18 regulates focal adhesion dynamics by interacting with kinectin-1 at the endoplasmic reticulum . Journal of Cell Biology. ISSN 0021-9525. 219(7), s. 1–23. doi: 10.1083/JCB.201809020. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Torgersen, Maria Lyngaas; Judge, Peter J.; Bada Juarez, Juan F.; Pandya, Abhilash D.; Fusser, Markus & Davies, Charlie W. [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Physicochemical characterization, toxicity and in vivo biodistribution studies of a discoidal, lipid-based drug delivery vehicle: Lipodisq nanoparticles containing doxorubicin. Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology. ISSN 1550-7033. 16(4), s. 419–431. doi: 10.1166/jbn.2020.2911. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bachman, Steven P.; Wilkin, Paul; Reader, Tom; Field, Richard; Weber, Odile & Nordal, Inger [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Extinction risk and conservation gaps for Aloe (Asphodelaceae) in the Horn of Africa. Biodiversity and Conservation. ISSN 0960-3115. 29(1), s. 77–98. doi: 10.1007/s10531-019-01870-0. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hatlem, Daniel; Trunk, Thomas; Linke, Dirk & Leo, Jack Christopher (2020). Catching a SPY: Using the SpyCatcher-SpyTag and Related Systems for Labeling and Localizing Bacterial Proteins. I Leitao, JH (Red.), Microbial Virulence Factors. MDPI. ISSN 978-3-03936-946-1. s. 371–400. doi: 10.3390/ijms20092129. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Wróbel, Agnieszka Ewelina; Saragliadis, Athanasios; Pérez-Ortega, Jesús; Sittman, Carolin; Göttig, Stephan & Liskiewicz, Krystyna Anna [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). The inverse autotransporters of Yersinia ruckeri, YrInv and YrIlm, contribute to biofilm formation and virulence. Environmental Microbiology. ISSN 1462-2912. 22(7), s. 2939–2955. doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.15051. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lundsør, Elisabeth; Stige, Leif Christian; Sørensen, Kai & Edvardsen, Bente (2020). Long-term coastal monitoring data show nutrient-driven reduction in chlorophyll. Journal of Sea Research. ISSN 1385-1101. 164. doi: 10.1016/j.seares.2020.101925. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Robledo, Gerardo Lucio; Palacio, Melissa; Urcelay, Carlos; Vasco-Palacios, Aída M.; Crespo, Esteban & Popoff, Orlando [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Mystery unveiled: Diacanthodes Singer–a lineage within the core polyporoid clade. Systematics and Biodiversity. ISSN 1477-2000. 18(6), s. 538–556. doi: 10.1080/14772000.2020.1776784.
• Kocere, Agnese; Resseguier, Julien; Wohlmann, Jens; Skjeldal, Frode Miltzow; Khan, Shanawaz & Speth, Martin [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Real-time imaging of polymersome nanoparticles in zebrafish embryos engrafted with melanoma cancer cells: Localization, toxicity and treatment analysis. EBioMedicine. ISSN 2352-3964. 58, s. 1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102902. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Buccino, Alessio Paolo & Einevoll, Gaute (2020). MEArec: A fast and customizable testbench simulator for ground-truth extracellular spiking activity. Neuroinformatics. ISSN 1539-2791. 19, s. 185–204. doi: 10.1007/s12021-020-09467-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Andvik, Clare Margaret; Jourdain, Eve; Ruus, Anders; Lyche, Jan Ludvig; Karoliussen, Richard & Borgå, Katrine (2020). Preying on seals pushes killer whales from Norway above pollution effects thresholds. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 10. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-68659-y. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Andersen, Tom; Hessen, Dag Olav; Håll, Johnny Peter; Khomich, Maryia; Kyle, Marcia & Lindholm, Markus [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Congruence, but no cascade—Pelagic biodiversity across three trophic levels in Nordic lakes. Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2045-7758. 10(15), s. 8153–8165. doi: 10.1002/ece3.6514. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skjæraasen, Jon Egil; Korsbrekke, Knut; Dingsør, Gjert Endre; Langangen, Øystein; Opdal, Anders Frugård & Jørgensen, Christian (2020). Large annual variation in the amount of skipped spawning for female Northeast Arctic haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus. Fisheries Research. ISSN 0165-7836. 230. doi: 10.1016/j.fishres.2020.105670. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Samdal, Ingunn Anita; Strand, David Allan; Ballot, Andreas; Rusch, Johannes Christopher; Haande, Sigrid & Løvberg, Kjersti Liv Eriksen [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Microcystins in European Noble Crayfish Astacus astacus in Lake Steinsfjorden, a Planktothrix-Dominated Lake. Toxins. ISSN 2072-6651. 12(5). doi: 10.3390/toxins12050298. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Lake Steinsfjorden, an important Norwegian location for noble crayfish (Astacus astacus), is often affected by cyanobacterial blooms caused by microcystin (MC)-producing Planktothrix spp. The impact of MCs on noble crayfish as a food source and crayfish health is largely unknown. We investigated the quantities and correlations of MCs in noble crayfish and lake water during and after a cyanobacterial bloom peaking in June–July 2015. Noble crayfish and water samples were collected monthly from June to October 2015 and in October 2016. The content of MCs was analysed by ELISA from tail muscle, intestine, stomach and hepatopancreas. PCR analysis for Planktothrix gene markers was performed on crayfish stomach content. Water samples were analysed for phytoplankton composition, biomass and MCs. PCR-positive stomach contents indicated Planktothrix to be part of the noble crayfish diet. Concentrations of MCs were highest in the hepatopancreas, stomach and intestine, peaking in August–September. Tail muscle contained low concentrations of MCs. Similar levels of MCs were found in crayfish from 2016. Except in September 2015, a normal portion of boiled noble crayfish tails was below the tolerable daily intake (TDI) for MCs for humans. Removing the intestine more than halved the content of MCs and seems a reasonable precautionary measure for noble crayfish consumers.

• Rusch, Johannes C.; Mojžišová, Michaela; Strand, David; Svobodová, Jitka; Vrålstad, Trude & Petrusek, Adam (2020). Simultaneous detection of native and invasive crayfish and Aphanomyces astaci from environmental DNA samples in a wide range of habitats in Central Europe. NeoBiota. ISSN 1619-0033. 58, s. 1–32. doi: 10.3897/neobiota.58.49358.
• Dal, Nils-Jørgen Knudsen; Kocere, Agnese; Wohlmann, Jens; Van Herck, Simon; Bauer, Tobias A & Resseguier, Julien [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Zebrafish Embryos Allow Prediction of Nanoparticle Circulation Times in Mice and Facilitate Quantification of Nanoparticle–Cell Interactions. Small. ISSN 1613-6810. 16(5), s. 1–12. doi: 10.1002/smll.201906719. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fan, Qiong; Nørgaard, Rikke Christine; Grytten, Ivar; Ness, Cecilie; Lucas, Christin & Vekterud, Kristin [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). LXRα Regulates ChREBPα Transactivity in a Target Gene-Specific Manner through an Agonist-Modulated LBD-LID Interaction. Cells. ISSN 2073-4409. 9(5), s. 1–26. doi: 10.3390/cells9051214. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The cholesterol-sensing nuclear receptor liver X receptor (LXR) and the glucose-sensing transcription factor carbohydrate responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) are central players in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver. More knowledge of their mechanistic interplay is needed to understand their role in pathological conditions like fatty liver disease and insulin resistance. In the current study, LXR and ChREBP co-occupancy was examined by analyzing ChIP-seq datasets from mice livers. LXR and ChREBP interaction was determined by Co-immunoprecipitation (CoIP) and their transactivity was assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) of target genes and gene reporter assays. Chromatin binding capacity was determined by ChIP-qPCR assays. Our data show that LXRα and ChREBPα interact physically and show a high co-occupancy at regulatory regions in the mouse genome. LXRα co-activates ChREBPα and regulates ChREBP-specific target genes in vitro and in vivo. This co-activation is dependent on functional recognition elements for ChREBP but not for LXR, indicating that ChREBPα recruits LXRα to chromatin in trans. The two factors interact via their key activation domains; the low glucose inhibitory domain (LID) of ChREBPα and the ligand-binding domain (LBD) of LXRα. While unliganded LXRα co-activates ChREBPα, ligand-bound LXRα surprisingly represses ChREBPα activity on ChREBP-specific target genes. Mechanistically, this is due to a destabilized LXRα:ChREBPα interaction, leading to reduced ChREBP-binding to chromatin and restricted activation of glycolytic and lipogenic target genes. This ligand-driven molecular switch highlights an unappreciated role of LXRα in responding to nutritional cues that was overlooked due to LXR lipogenesis-promoting function.

• Ryoo, David; Rydmark, Marcella Orwick; Pang, Yui Tik; Lundquist, Karl P; Linke, Dirk & Gumbart, James C (2020). BamA is required for autotransporter secretion. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects. ISSN 0304-4165. 1864(7), s. 1–8. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129581. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Dobrovolska, Olena; Brilkov, Maxim; Madeleine, Noëlly; Ødegaard-Fougner, Øyvind; Strømland, Øyvind & Martin, Stephen R. [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). The Arabidopsis (ASHH2) CW domain binds monomethylated K4 of the histone H3 tail through conformational selection. The FEBS Journal. ISSN 1742-464X. 287, s. 4458–4480. doi: 10.1111/febs.15256. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skuland, Tonje Schwach; Låg, Marit; Gutleb, Arno; Brinchmann, Bendik Christian; Serchi, Tommaso & Øvrevik, Johan [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Pro-inflammatory effects of crystalline- and nano-sized non-crystalline silica particles in a 3D alveolar model . Particle and Fibre Toxicology. ISSN 1743-8977. 17(1), s. 1–18. doi: 10.1186/s12989-020-00345-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Background Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are among the most widely manufactured and used nanoparticles. Concerns about potential health effects of SiNPs have therefore risen. Using a 3D tri-culture model of the alveolar lung barrier we examined effects of exposure to SiNPs (Si10) and crystalline silica (quartz; Min-U-Sil) in the apical compartment consisting of human alveolar epithelial A549 cells and THP-1-derived macrophages, as well as in the basolateral compartment with Ea.hy926 endothelial cells. Inflammation-related responses were measured by ELISA and gene expression. Results Exposure to both Si10 and Min-U-Sil induced gene expression and release of CXCL8, interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1α (IL-1α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in a concentration-dependent manner. Cytokine/chemokine expression and protein levels were highest in the apical compartment. Si10 and Min-U-Sil also induced expression of adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and E-selectin in the apical compartment. In the basolateral endothelial compartment we observed marked, but postponed effects on expression of all these genes, but only at the highest particle concentrations. Geneexpressions of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and the metalloproteases (MMP-1 and MMP-9) were less affected. The IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), markedly reduced effects of Si10 and Min-U-Sil exposures on gene expression of cytokines and adhesion molecules, as well as cytokine-release in both compartments. Conclusions Si10 and Min-U-Sil induced gene expression and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines/adhesion molecules at both the epithelial/macrophage and endothelial side of a 3D tri-culture. Responses in the basolateral endothelial cells were only induced at high concentrations, and seemed to be mediated by IL-1α/β released from the apical epithelial cells and macrophages.

• Fæste, Christiane Kruse; Tartor, Haitham; Moen, Anders; Kristoffersen, Anja Bråthen; Dhanasiri, Anusha & Anonsen, Jan Haug [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Proteomic profiling of salmon skin mucus for the comparison of sampling methods. Journal of chromatography. B. ISSN 1570-0232. 1138. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121965.
• da Silva, Rejane Maria Ferreira; Soares, Adriene Mayra; de Pádua, Ana Patricia Sousa Lopes; Firmino, André Luiz; de Souza-Motta, Cristina Maria & da Silva, Gladstone Alves [Vis alle 19 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Mycological diversity description II. Acta Botanica Brasilica. ISSN 0102-3306. 33(1), s. 163–173. doi: 10.1590/0102-33062018abb0411. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Spirin, Viacheslav; Malysheva, Vera; Miettinen, Otto; Vlasák, Josef; Alvarenga, Renato Lúcio Mendes & Gibertoni, Tatiana Baptista [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). On Protomerulius and Heterochaetella (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota). Mycological Progress. ISSN 1617-416X. 18(9), s. 1079–1099. doi: 10.1007/s11557-019-01507-0. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Medina, Lilian; Ansari, Farhan; Carosio, Federico; Salajkova, Michaela & Berglund, Lars (2019). Nanocomposites from Clay, Cellulose Nanofibrils, and Epoxy with Improved Moisture Stability for Coatings and Semistructural Applications. ACS Applied Nano Materials. ISSN 2574-0970. 2(5), s. 3117–3126. doi: 10.1021/acsanm.9b00459.
• Zheng, Xiaoqi; Lu, Yonglong; Yuan, Jingjing; Baninla, Yvette; Zhang, Yvette & Stenseth, Nils Christian [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Drivers of change in China’s energy-related CO2 emissions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ISSN 0027-8424. 117(1), s. 29–36. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1908513117. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bostad, Inga & Hessen, Dag Olav (2019). Learning and loving of nature in the Anthropocene. How to broaden science with curiosity and passion. Studier i Pædagogisk Filosofi. ISSN 2244-9140. 8(1), s. 28–42. doi: 10.7146/spf.v8i1.113924. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hansen, Karen; Schumacher, Trond; Skrede, Inger; Huhtinen, Seppo & Wang, Xianghua (2019). Pindara revisited – evolution and generic limits in Helvellaceae. Persoonia. ISSN 0031-5850. 42, s. 186–204. doi: 10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.07. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Langlete, Petter; Krabberød, Anders Kristian & Winther-Larsen, Hanne Cecilie (2019). Vesicles from vibrio cholerae contain AT-rich DNA and shorter mRNAs that do not correlate with their protein products. Frontiers in Microbiology. ISSN 1664-302X. 10, s. 1–16. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02708. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Extracellular vesicles secreted by Gram-negative bacteria have proven to be important in bacterial defense, communication and host-pathogen relationships. They resemble smaller versions of the bacterial mother cell, with similar contents of proteins, LPS, DNA, and RNA. Vesicles can elicit a protective immune response in a range of hosts, and as vaccine candidates, it is of interest to properly characterize their cargo. Genetic sequencing data is already available for vesicles from several bacterial strains, but it is not yet clear how the genetic makeup of vesicles differ from that of their parent cells, and which properties may characterize enriched genetic material. The present study provides evidence for DNA inside vesicles from Vibrio cholerae O395, and key characteristics of their genetic and proteomic content are compared to that of whole cells. DNA analysis reveals enrichment of fragments containing ToxR binding sites, as well as a positive correlation between AT-content and enrichment. Some mRNAs were highly enriched in the vesicle fraction, such as membrane protein genes ompV, ompK, and ompU, DNA-binding protein genes hupA, hupB, ihfB, fis, and ssb, and a negative correlation was found between mRNA enrichment and transcript length, suggesting mRNA inclusion in vesicles may be a size-dependent process. Certain non-coding and functional RNAs were found to be enriched, such as VrrA, GcvB, tmRNA, RNase P, CsrB2, and CsrB3. Mass spectrometry revealed enrichment of outer membrane proteins, known virulence factors, phage components, flagella and extracellular proteins in the vesicle fraction, and a low, negative correlation was found between transcript-, and protein enrichment. This result opposes the hypothesis that a significant degree of protein translation occurs in vesicles after budding. The abundance of viral-, and flagellar proteins in the vesicle fraction underlines the importance of purification during vesicle isolation.

• Raheel, Tayyaba Qureshi; Sørensen, Christina; Berghuis, Paul; Jensen, Vidar; Dobszay, Marton B. & Farkas, Tamás [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). The glutamine transporter Slc38a1 regulates GABAergic neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Cerebral Cortex. ISSN 1047-3211. 29(12), s. 5166–5179. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhz055. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hadjineophytou, Chris; Anonsen, Jan Haug; Wang, Nelson; Ma, Kevin; Viburiene, Raimonda & Vik, Åshild [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Genetic determinants of genus-level glycan diversity in a bacterial protein glycosylation system. PLoS Genetics. ISSN 1553-7390. 15(12), s. 1–24. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1008532. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The human pathogens N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis display robust intra- and interstrain glycan diversity associated with their O-linked protein glycosylation (pgl) systems. In an effort to better understand the evolution and function of protein glycosylation operating there, we aimed to determine if other human-restricted, Neisseria species similarly glycosylate proteins and if so, to assess the levels of glycoform diversity. Comparative genomics revealed the conservation of a subset of genes minimally required for O-linked protein glycosylation glycan and established those pgl genes as core genome constituents of the genus. In conjunction with mass spectrometric–based glycan phenotyping, we found that extant glycoform repertoires in N. gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis and the closely related species N. polysaccharea and N. lactamica reflect the functional replacement of a progenitor glycan biosynthetic pathway. This replacement involved loss of pgl gene components of the primordial pathway coincident with the acquisition of two exogenous glycosyltransferase genes. Critical to this discovery was the identification of a ubiquitous but previously unrecognized glycosyltransferase gene (pglP) that has uniquely undergone parallel but independent pseudogenization in N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis. We suggest that the pseudogenization events are driven by processes of compositional epistasis leading to gene decay. Additionally, we documented instances where inter-species recombination influences pgl gene status and creates discordant genetic interactions due ostensibly to the multi-locus nature of pgl gene networks. In summary, these findings provide a novel perspective on the evolution of protein glycosylation systems and identify phylogenetically informative, genetic differences associated with Neisseria species.

• Gutema, Tariku Mekonnen; Atickem, Anagaw Meshesha; Alemu, Diress Tsegaye; Bekele, Afework; Sillero-Zubiri, Claudio & Marino, Jorgelina [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Foraging ecology of African wolves (Canis lupaster) and its implications for the conservation of Ethiopian wolves (Canis simensis). Royal Society Open Science. ISSN 2054-5703. 6(9), s. 1–9. doi: 10.1098/rsos.190772. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Løken, Solveig Bua; Skrede, Inger & Schumacher, Trond (2019). The Helvella corium species aggregate in Nordic countries – phylogeny and species delimitation. Fungal Systematics and Evolution. ISSN 2589-3831. 5, s. 169–186. doi: 10.3114/fuse.2020.05.11. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Nguéa P, Aurélie; Robertson, Joseph; Herrera, Maria Carmen; Chymkowitch, Pierre & Enserink, Jorrit (2019). Desumoylation of RNA polymerase III lies at the core of the Sumo stress response in yeast. Journal of Biological Chemistry. ISSN 0021-9258. 294(49), s. 18784–18795. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.009721. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Fredriksen, Stein; Karsten, Ulf; Bartsch, Inka; Woelfel, Jana; Koblowsky, Miriam & Schumann, Rhena [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Biodiversity of Benthic Macro- and Microalgae from Svalbard with Special Focus on Kongsfjorden. I Hop, Haakon & Wiencke, Christian (Red.), The Ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Springer. ISSN 978-3-319-46423-7. s. 331–371. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-46425-1_9.
• Borgå, Katrine & Ruus, Anders (2019). Quantifying Bioaccumulation in the Aquatic Environment. Methods in pharmacology and toxicology. ISSN 1557-2153. s. 1–18. doi: 10.1007/7653_2019_36.
• Heuschele, Jan David; Lode, Torben; Andersen, Tom; Borgå, Katrine & Titelman, Josefin (2019). An affordable and automated imaging approach to acquire highly resolved individual data—an example of copepod growth in response to multiple stressors. PeerJ. ISSN 2167-8359. 7, s. 1–22. doi: 10.7717/peerj.6776. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sahlmann, Andrea Silke; Lode, Torben; Heuschele, Jan David; Borgå, Katrine; Titelman, Josefin & Hylland, Ketil (2019). Genotoxic Response and Mortality in 3 Marine Copepods Exposed to Waterborne Copper. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. ISSN 0730-7268. 38(10), s. 2224–2232. doi: 10.1002/etc.4541.
• Lau, Corinna; McAdam, Martin Berner; Bergseth, Grete; Grevys, Algirdas; Bruun, Jack-Ansgar & Ludviksen, Judith K [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). NHDL, a recombinant VL/VH hybrid antibody control for IgG2/4 antibodies. mAbs. ISSN 1942-0862. 12:e1686319(1), s. 1–13. doi: 10.1080/19420862.2019.1686319. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The mechanism of action of recombinant IgG2/4 antibodies involves blocking of their target without the induction of effector functions. Examples are eculizumab (Soliris®), which is used clinically to block complement factor C5, as well as anti-human CD14 (r18D11) and anti-porcine CD14 (rMIL2) produced in our laboratory. So far, no proper IgG2/4 control antibody has been available for controlled validation of IgG2/4 antibody functions. Here, we describe the design of a recombinant control antibody (NHDL), which was generated by combining the variable light (VL) and heavy (VH) chains from two unrelated specificities. NHDL was readily expressed and purified as a stable IgG2/4 antibody, and showed no detectable specificity toward any putative antigen present in human or porcine blood. The approach of artificial VL/VH combination may be adopted for the design of other recombinant control antibodies.

• Moustakas, Michael; Baycu, Gulriz; Gevrek, Nurbir; Moustaka, Julietta; Csatari, Istvan & Rognes, Sven Erik (2019). Spatiotemporal heterogeneity of photosystem II function during acclimation to zinc exposure and mineral nutrition changes in the hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens. Environmental science and pollution research international. ISSN 0944-1344. 26(7), s. 6613–6624. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04126-0.
• Lode, Heidrun Elisabeth; Gjølberg, Torleif Tollefsrud ; Foss, Stian; Sivertsen, Magne S.; Brustugun, Jørgen & Andersson, Yvonne [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). A new method for pharmaceutical compounding and storage of anti-VEGF biologics for intravitreal use in silicone oil-free prefilled plastic syringes. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 9:18021(1), s. 1–10. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-54226-7. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Intravitreal injections of antibody-based biologics targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are highly effective and have markedly decreased the risk of visual impairment associated with prevalent retinal diseases, such as neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetes macular oedema. The diseases are chronic in their nature, and most patients need long-term therapy to suppress disease activity. We previously reported a compounding method for repackaging and storage of aflibercept (Eylea), a commonly used anti-VEGF biologic, in silicone oil-coated plastic syringes without compromising drug stability or activity. In addition to improving safety and time spent per patient, compounding of anti-VEGF biologics enables single-dose vials to be split into multiple syringes, thereby considerably reducing waste and drug expenses. However, symptomatic silicone oil droplets may deposit in the eye's vitreous body after repetitive injections. To fully avoid this complication, we here report on a novel pharmaceutical compounding method using silicone oil-free syringes and a 33 G × 9 mm Low Dead Space Needle hub injection needle. We evaluate the method for three anti-VEGF biologics commonly used in ophthalmology: aflibercept, ranibizumab (Lucentis) and bevacizumab (Avastin). Our results show that compounding and storage for one week does not compromise the functional activity of the biologics and allows for safe and cost-effective compounding of anti-VEGF biologics for intravitreal injections in prefilled silicone oil-free syringes.

• Pinto, Rita; Vågbø, Cathrine Broberg; Jakobsson, Magnus; Yeji, Kim; Baltissen, Marijke P & O'Donohue, Marie-Francoise [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). The human methyltransferase ZCCHC4 catalyses N6-methyladenosine modification of 28S ribosomal RNA. Nucleic Acids Research (NAR). ISSN 0305-1048. 48(2), s. 830–846. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkz1147. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Byskov, Kristina; M. le Gall, Sylvain; Thiede, Bernd; Camerer, Eric & Kanse, Sandip (2019). Protease activated receptors (PAR)‐1 and ‐2 mediate cellular effects of factor VII activating protease (FSAP). The FASEB Journal. ISSN 0892-6638. 34, s. 1079–1090. doi: 10.1096/fj.201801986RR. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Huszthy, Peter Csaba; Gopalakrishnan, Ramakrishna Prabhu; Jacobsen, Johanne Tracey; Haabeth, Ole Audun; Løset, Geir Åge & Braathen, Ranveig [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). B cell receptor ligation induces display of V-region peptides on MHC class II molecules to T cells. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. ISSN 0027-8424. 116(51), s. 25850–25859. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1902836116. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The B cell receptors (BCRs) for antigen express variable (V) regions that are enormously diverse, thus serving as markers on individual B cells. V region-derived idiotypic (Id) peptides can be displayed as pId:MHCII complexes on B cells for recognition by CD4+ T cells. It is not known if naive B cells spontaneously display pId:MHCII in vivo or if BCR ligation is required for expression, thereby enabling collaboration between Id+ B cells and Id-specific T cells. Here, using a mouse model, we show that naive B cells do not express readily detectable levels of pId:MHCII. However, BCR ligation by Ag dramatically increases physical display of pId:MHCII, leading to activation of Id-specific CD4+ T cells, extrafollicular T-B cell collaboration and some germinal center formation, and production of Id+ IgG. Besides having implications for immune regulation, the results may explain how persistent activation of self-reactive B cells induces the development of autoimmune diseases and B cell lymphomas.

• Trousil, Jiří; Syrová, Zdeňka; Dal, Nils-Jørgen Knudsen; Rak, Dmytro; Konefal, Rafal & Pavlova, Ewa [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Rifampicin Nanoformulation Enhances Treatment of Tuberculosis in Zebrafish. Biomacromolecules. ISSN 1525-7797. 20(4), s. 1798–1815. doi: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00214.
• Lopez, David Massa; Thelen, Melanie; Stahl, Felix; Thiel, Christian; Linhorst, Arne & Sylvester, Marc [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). The lysosomal transporter mfsd1 is essential for liver homeostasis and critically depends on its accessory subunit glmp. eLIFE. ISSN 2050-084X. 8, s. 1–27. doi: 10.7554/eLife.50025. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vestre, Katharina; Kjos, Ingrid; Guadagno, Noemi Antonella; Distefano, Marita Borg; Kohler, Felix & Fenaroli, Federico [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Rab6 regulates cell migration and invasion by recruiting Cdc42 and modulating its activity. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS). ISSN 1420-682X. 76(13), s. 2593–2614. doi: 10.1007/s00018-019-03057-w. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Eftestøl, Sindre; Flydal, Kjetil; Tsegaye, Diress & Colman, Jonathan Edward (2019). Mining activity disturbs habitat use of reindeer in Finnmark, Northern Norway. Polar Biology. ISSN 0722-4060. 42(10), s. 1849–1858. doi: 10.1007/s00300-019-02563-8.
• Margiotta, Azzurra & Bucci, Cecilia (2019). Coordination between Rac1 and Rab Proteins: Functional Implications in Health and Disease. Cells. ISSN 2073-4409. doi: 10.3390/cells8050396. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Mousavi, Seyed Ali; Skjeldal, Frode Miltzow; Fønhus, Marita Sporstøl; Haugen, Linda Hofstad; Eskild, Winnie & Berg, Trond [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Receptor-mediated endocytosis of VEGF-A in rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. BioMed Research International. ISSN 2314-6133. 2019, s. 1–12. doi: 10.1155/2019/5496197. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Prieto, Alfredo; Morano, Susana; Sierpe, Victor; Calas, Elisa; Christensen, Marianne & Lefevre, Christine [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). A Novel Child Burial from Tierra del Fuego: A Preliminary Report. Journal of Island & Coastal Archaeology. ISSN 1556-4894. s. 1–19. doi: 10.1080/15564894.2019.1643429.
• Andersen, Thorny Cesilie Bie; Kristiansen, Per Eugen; Huszenicza, Zsuzsa; Johansson, Maria U.; Gopalakrishnan, Ramakrishna Prabhu & Kjelstrup, Hanna [Vis alle 15 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). The SH3 domains of the protein kinases ITK and LCK compete for adjacent sites on T cell-specific adapter protein. Journal of Biological Chemistry. ISSN 0021-9258. 294(42), s. 15480–15494. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.008318. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Frick, Rahel; Gunnarsen, Kristin Støen; Dahal-Koirala, Shiva; Risnes, Louise Fremgaard; Sollid, Ludvig Magne & Sandlie, Inger [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). A TRAV26-1-encoded recognition motif focuses the biased T cell response in celiac disease. European Journal of Immunology. ISSN 0014-2980. 50, s. 142–145. doi: 10.1002/eji.201948235. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Mehlhorn, Alexander T; Ugland, Karl Inne; Horterer, Hubert; Gottschalk, Oliver; Sudkamp, Norbert & Walther, Markus (2019). A high-profile thread with grit-blasted and acid-etched surface reduces loosening of medial column fusion bolt in instable Charcot foot. Foot and Ankle Surgery. ISSN 1268-7731. s. 1–7. doi: 10.1016/j.fas.2019.08.004.
• Gebremichael, Gelaye; Alemu, Diress Tsegaye; Bunnefeld, Nils; Zinner, Dietmar & Atickem, Anagaw Meshesha (2019). Fluctuating asymmetry and feather growth bars as biomarkers to assess the habitat quality of shade coffee farming for avian diversity conservation. Royal Society Open Science. ISSN 2054-5703. 6(8), s. 1–12. doi: 10.1098/rsos.190013. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Pandya, Abhilash D.; Jäger, Eliézer; Fam, Shahla Bagheri; Höcherl, Anita; Jäger, Alessandro & Sincari, Vladimir [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Paclitaxel-loaded biodegradable ROS-sensitive nanoparticles for cancer therapy. International Journal of Nanomedicine. ISSN 1176-9114. 14, s. 6269–6285. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S208938. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Foss, Stian; Bottermann, Maria; Jonsson, Alexandra; Sandlie, Inger; James, Leo C. & Andersen, Jan Terje (2019). TRIM21-From intracellular immunity to therapy. Frontiers in Immunology. ISSN 1664-3224. 10:2049, s. 1–14. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02049. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Popper, Arthur N.; Hawkins, Anthony D.; Sand, Olav & Sisneros, Joseph A. (2019). Examining the hearing abilities of fishes. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. ISSN 0001-4966. 146(2), s. 948–955. doi: 10.1121/1.5120185.
• Psilander, Niklas; Eftestøl, Einar; Cumming, Kristoffer Toldnes; Solgård, Inga Juvkam; Ekblom, Maria M. & Sunding, Kerstin [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Effects of training, detraining, and retraining on strength, hypertrophy, and myonuclear number in human skeletal muscle. Journal of applied physiology. ISSN 8750-7587. 126(6), s. 1636–1645. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00917.2018. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Malecki, Jedrzej Mieczyslaw; Willemen, Hanneke L.D.M.; Pinto, Rita; Ho, Angela Yeuan Yen; Moen, Anders & Eijkelkamp, Niels [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Human FAM173A is a mitochondrial lysine-specific methyltransferase that targets adenine nucleotide translocase and affects mitochondrial respiration . Journal of Biological Chemistry. ISSN 0021-9258. 294(31), s. 11654–11664. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA119.009045.
• Pällmann, Nora; Livgård, Marte; Tesikova, Martina; Nenseth, Hatice Zeynep; Akkus, Erman & Sikkeland, Jørgen [Vis alle 20 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Regulation of the unfolded protein response through ATF4 and FAM129A in prostate cancer. Oncogene. ISSN 0950-9232. 38, s. 6301–6318. doi: 10.1038/s41388-019-0879-2. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Prikrylova, Terezia; Robertson, Julia; Ferrucci, Francesca; Konorska, Dorota Joanna; Aanes, Håvard & Manaf, Adeel [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). 5-hydroxymethylcytosine marks mammalian origins acting as a barrier to replication. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 9. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47528-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Zollner, Robert; Cronenberg, Tom; Kouzel, Nadzeya; Welker, Anton; Koomey, Michael & Maier, Berenike (2019). Type IV Pilin Post-Translational Modifications Modulate Material Properties of Bacterial Colonies. Biophysical Journal. ISSN 0006-3495. 116(5), s. 938–947. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.01.020.
• Labzin, LI; Bottermann, M; Rodriguez-Silvestre, P; Foss, Stian; Andersen, Jan Terje & Vaysburd, M [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Antibody and DNA sensing pathways converge to activate the inflammasome during primary human macrophage infection. EMBO Journal. ISSN 0261-4189. doi: 10.15252/embj.2018101365. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bottermann, Maria; Foss, Stian; Caddy, Sarah L.; Clift, Dean; van Tienen, Laurens M. & Vaysburd, Marina [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Complement C4 prevents viral infection through capsid inactivation. Cell Host and Microbe. ISSN 1931-3128. 25(4), s. 617–629. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2019.02.016. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bjorland, Siri; Gjerstad, Johannes; Schistad, Ellina Iordanova; Swanson, David & Røe, Cecilie (2019). Persistent lumbar radicular and low back pain; impact of genetic variability versus emotional distress. BMC Research Notes. ISSN 1756-0500. 12(1). doi: 10.1186/s13104-019-4592-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Objective: Earlier studies documenting the effect of candidate genes on recovery have seldom taken into consideration the impact of emotional distress. Thus, we aimed to assess the modifying effect of emotional distress on genetic variability as a predictor for pain recovery in lumbar radicular (LRP) and low back pain (LBP). Results: The study population comprised 201 patients and mean age was 41.7 years. The significant association between MMP9 rs17576 (B = 0.71, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.24, p = 0.009) and pain recovery remained statistically significant after adjusting for pain intensity at baseline, age, gender, smoking, body mass index, pain localization and emotional distress (B = 0.68, 95% CI 0.18 to 1.18, p = 0.008). In contrast, the association between OPRM1 (B = − 0.85, 95% CI − 1.66 to − 0.05, p = 0.038) and pain recovery was abolished in the multivariate analysis (B = − 0.72, 95% CI − 1.46 to 0.02, p = 0.058). Hence, MMP9 rs17576 and emotional distress independently seem to predict persistent back pain. The predictive effect of OPRM1 rs179971 with regard to the same outcome is probably dependent on other factors including emotional processing.

• Halnes, Geir; Tennøe, Simen; Haug, Trude; Einevoll, Gaute; Weltzien, Finn-Arne & Hodne, Kjetil (2019). A computational model for gonadotropin releasing cells in the teleost fish medaka. PLoS Computational Biology. ISSN 1553-734X. 15(8), s. 1–28. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006662. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Straumfors, Anne; Foss, Oda Astrid Haarr; Fuss, Janina; Mollerup, Steen Kristen; Kauserud, Håvard & Mundra, Sunil (2019). The inhalable mycobiome of sawmill workers: Exposure characterization and diversity. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. ISSN 0099-2240. 85(21), s. 1–17. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01448-19. Vis sammendrag

  Exposure to fungal spores has been associated with respiratory symptoms and allergic alveolitis among sawmill workers, but the complexity of sawmill workers' fungal exposure has been poorly studied. We characterized the fungal diversity in air samples from sawmill workers' breathing zone, and identified differences in richness, diversity and taxonomic composition between companies, departments, wood types and seasons. Full-shift personal inhalable dust samples (n=86) collected from 11 industrial saw-, sorting-, and planer mill companies processing spruce and/or pine were subjected to DNA metabarcoding using the fungal Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region 2. The workers were exposed to a higher total number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in summer compared to winter, and when processing spruce compared with pine. Workers in the saw department had the richest fungal exposure followed by workers in the planing department and sorting of dry timber department. Sawmills explained 11% of the variation in fungal community composition of the exposure, followed by season (5%) and departments (3%). The fungal composition of the exposure differed between season, sawmills, wood types and departments also at the taxonomic levels, from phylum to species level. The differences in exposure diversity suggests that potential health effects of fungal inhalation also may be different, hence a risk assessment based on the fungal diversity differences should be performed. This study may serve as a basis towards establishing a fungal profile of signature species that are specific for sawmills and can be measured quantitatively in future risk assessments of sawmill workers.

• Piplani, Honit; Marek-Iannucci, Stefanie; Sin, Jon; Hou, Jean; Takahashi, Toshimasa & Sharma, Ankush [Vis alle 17 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Simvastatin induces autophagic flux to restore cerulein-impaired phagosome-lysosome fusion in acute pancreatitis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular Basis of Disease. ISSN 0925-4439. 1865(11), s. 1–14. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.08.006. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Luhr, Morten; Torgersen, Maria Lyngaas; Szalai, Paula; Hashim, Adnan; Brech, Andreas & Stärk, Judith [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). The kinase PERK and the transcription factor ATF4 play distinct and essential roles in autophagy resulting from tunicamycin-induced ER stress. Journal of Biological Chemistry. ISSN 0021-9258. 294(20), s. 8197–8217. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.002829. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Skrede, Inger; Solbakken, Monica Hongrø; Hess, Jaqueline; Fossdal, Carl Gunnar; Hegnar, Olav Aaseth & Alfredsen, Gry (2019). Wood Modification by Furfuryl Alcohol Resulted in a Delayed Decomposition Response in Rhodonia (Postia) placenta. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. ISSN 0099-2240. 85(14), s. 1–21. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00338-19. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Jacobsen, Daniel Pitz; Eriksen, Mina Baarnes; Rajalingam, Dhaksshaginy; Nymoen, Ingeborg; Nielsen, Morten Birkeland & Einarsen, Ståle [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Exposure to workplace bullying, microRNAs and pain; evidence of a moderating effect of miR-30c rs928508 and miR-223 rs3848900. Stress. ISSN 1025-3890. 23(1), s. 77–86. doi: 10.1080/10253890.2019.1642320. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Prolonged exposure to bullying behaviors may give rise to symptoms such as anxiety, depression and chronic pain. Earlier data suggest that these symptoms often are associated with stress-induced low-grade systemic inflammation. Here, using data from both animals and humans, we examined the moderating role of microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) in this process. In the present study, a resident-intruder paradigm, blood samples, tissue harvesting and subsequent qPCR analyses were used to screen for stress-induced changes in circulating miRNAs in rats. The negative acts questionnaire (NAQ), TaqMan assays and a numeric rating scale (NRS) for pain intensity were then used to examine the associations among bullying behaviors, relevant miRNA polymorphisms and pain in a probability sample of 996 Norwegian employees. In rats, inhibited weight gain, reduced pituitary POMC expression, adrenal Nr3c1 mRNA downregulation, as well as increased miR-146a, miR-30c and miR-223 in plasma were observed following 1 week of repeated exposure to social stress. When following up the miRNA findings from the animal study in the human working population, a stronger relationship between NAQ and NRS scores was observed in subjects with the miR-30c GG genotype (rs928508) compared to other subjects. A stronger relationship between NAQ and NRS scores was also seen in men with the miR-223 G genotype (rs3848900) as compared to other men. Our findings show that social stress may induce many physiological changes including changed expression of miRNAs. We conclude that the miR-30c GG genotype in men and women, and the miR-223 G genotype in men, amplify the association between exposure to bullying behaviors and pain.

• Cramer, Emily Rebecca A; Rowe, Melissah; Eroukhmanoff, Fabrice; Lifjeld, Jan Terje; Sætre, Glenn-Peter & Johnsen, Arild (2019). Measuring sperm swimming performance in birds: effects of dilution, suspension medium, mechanical agitation, and sperm number. Journal of Ornithology = Journal fur Ornithologie. ISSN 0021-8375. s. 1–11. doi: 10.1007/s10336-019-01672-9. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Berry, Jamie-Lee; Gurung, Ishwori; Anonsen, Jan Haug; Spielman, Ingrid; Harper, Elliot & Hall, Alexander M. J. [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Global biochemical and structural analysis of the type IV pilus from the Gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus sanguinis. Journal of Biological Chemistry. ISSN 0021-9258. 294(17), s. 6796–6808. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.006917. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ikram, Samman; Heikal, Adam; Finke, Sarah; Hofgaard, Antje; Rehman, Yasir & Sabri, Anjum Nasim [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Bacillus cereus biofilm formation on central venous catheters of hospitalised cardiac patients. Biofouling (Print). ISSN 0892-7014. 35(2), s. 204–216. doi: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1586889. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Formation of bacterial biofilms is a risk with many in situ medical devices. Biofilm-forming Bacillus species are associated with potentially life-threatening catheter-related blood stream infections in immunocompromised patients. Here, bacteria were isolated from biofilm-like structures within the lumen of central venous catheters (CVCs) from two patients admitted to cardiac hospital wards. Isolates belonged to the Bacillus cereus group, exhibited strong biofilm formation propensity, and mapped phylogenetically close to the B. cereus emetic cluster. Together, whole genome sequencing and quantitative PCR confirmed that the isolates constituted the same strain and possessed a range of genes important for and up-regulated during biofilm formation. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing demonstrated resistance to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, clindamycin, penicillin and ampicillin. Inspection of the genome revealed several chromosomal beta-lactamase genes and a sulphonamide resistant variant of folP. This study clearly shows that B. cereus persisting in hospital ward environments may constitute a risk factor from repeated contamination of CVCs.

• Von Bargen, Kristine; Scraba, Mirella; Kramer, I.; Ketterer, M.; Nehls, Christian & Krokowski, Sina [Vis alle 22 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Virulence-associated protein A from Rhodococcus equi is an intercompartmental pH-neutralising virulence factor. Cellular Microbiology. ISSN 1462-5814. 21(1), s. 1–18. doi: 10.1111/cmi.12958. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Bello, Jan E; Stamm, Patrick; Leinaas, Hans Petter & Schulz, Stefan (2019). Viaticene A - An Unusual Tetraterpene Cuticular Lipid Isolated from the Springtail Hypogastrura viatica. European Journal of Organic Chemistry. ISSN 1434-193X. 2019(11), s. 2158–2162. doi: 10.1002/ejoc.201900224.
• Thoen, Ella; Aas, Anders Bjørnsgard; Vik, Unni; Brysting, Anne Krag; Skrede, Inger & Carlsen, Tor [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). A single ectomycorrhizal plant root system includes a diverse and spatially structured fungal community. Mycorrhiza. ISSN 0940-6360. 29(3), s. 167–180. doi: 10.1007/s00572-019-00889-z. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Johansen, Wenche; Grove, Søren; Anonsen, Jan Haug; Moen, Anders; Agusti-Ridaura, Celia & Azar, Amir Sefidmouy [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Complement factor C5 in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): Characterization of cDNA, protein and glycosylation . Developmental and Comparative Immunology. ISSN 0145-305X. 100. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2019.103424. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Complement component 5 (C5) is an essential factor of the defensive complement system in all vertebrates. We report the characterization of C5 cDNA and protein from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), a teleost fish species of high importance in aquaculture. The C5 cDNA cloned from liver is 5079 nucleotides long, whose translation product has a molecular weight of 190 kDa, with the classical β-α orientation and motifs/sites for β-α cleavage (678RPKR681) and cleavage by C5 convertases (R758). Mass spectrometric analysis show a single N-linked, biantennary, complex glycan at N1125. Moreover, the N-linked glycan displays an unusual modification in the form of acetylated sialic acid residues. Three anti-C5 antisera produced in mice using purified C5 worked in immunohistochemical analyses of formalin fixed liver tissue. The purification method, whereby inactive and activated (C5b) forms were isolated, opens for interesting studies on the complement function in fish, including possible connection to stress, disease and glycosylation.

• Skotland, Tore & Sandvig, Kirsten (2019). The role of PS 18:0/18:1 in membrane function. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 10(1), s. 1–10. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-10711-1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ryvarden, Leif (2019). The genus Inonotus in Africa. Mycological Progress. ISSN 1617-416X. 18(5), s. 653–657. doi: 10.1007/s11557-019-01478-2.
• Hasvik, Eivind Olay; Haugen, Anne Julsrud; Haukeland-Parker, Stacey Marie; Rimehaug, Stein Arne; Gjerstad, Johannes & Grøvle, Lars (2019). Cross-cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Norwegian short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire-2 in Low Back-related Leg Pain. Spine. ISSN 0362-2436. 44(13), s. E774–E781. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000002976. Vis sammendrag

  Study Design: A prospective observational study with translation and psychometric analyses of a questionnaire. Objective: Cross-cultural adaptation of the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire-2 into Norwegian. Summary of Background Data: The different versions of the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) have been important and influential tools for pain assessment. To more reliably assess qualities of both neuropathic and non-neuropathic pain, the Short-Form MPQ was revised in 2009 (SF-MPQ-2), including seven additional descriptors. No Norwegian adaptation of the SF-MPQ-2 has been performed. Methods: A translation of the SF-MPQ-2 was performed based on established guidelines. Forward-translations were compared and discussed in an expert workgroup. A synthesis was achieved by consensus. A backward translation was reviewed and consolidated with the forward translations to confirm linguistic equivalence. A prefinal version was tested in eight patients, who were interviewed to evaluate acceptability and comprehension of the questionnaire. Minor changes were implemented. The questionnaire was externally proofread. The final Norwegian version (NSF-MPQ-2) was tested for content and construct validity and internal consistency reliability in a population with low back-related leg pain. Results: The backward translation was in good accordance with the original version. The prefinal version showed excellent acceptability and comprehension in initial patient-testing. The NSF-MPQ-2 showed satisfactory content and construct validity, including responsiveness to change, and acceptable internal consistency reliability as measured by Cronbach's alpha. A confirmatory factor analysis showed poor fit for the established four-factor structure, especially regarding the neuropathic subscale. Conclusion: The NSF-MPQ-2 showed excellent acceptability and comprehension, satisfactory content and construct validity, including responsiveness to change, and internal consistency reliability as measured by Cronbach's alpha. However, a confirmatory factor analysis raised concerns regarding the factor-structure in the present population. Until more evidence emerges for the four-factor solution we suggest the NSF-MPQ-2 should be used as a single measure. Level of Evidence: 3

• Sowa-Rogozińska, Natalia; Sominska, Hanna; Nowakowska-Gołacka, Jowita; Sandvig, Kirsten & Słomińska-Wojewódzka, Monika (2019). Intracellular transport and cytotoxicity of the protein toxin ricin. Toxins. ISSN 2072-6651. 11:350(6), s. 1–37. doi: 10.3390/toxins11060350. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hansen, Thomas F; Solvin, Thomas Mørtvedt & Pavlicev, Mihaela (2019). Predicting evolutionary potential: A numerical test of evolvability measures. Evolution. ISSN 0014-3820. 73(4), s. 689–703. doi: 10.1111/evo.13705. Vis sammendrag

  Despite sophisticated mathematical models, the theory of microevolution is mostly treated as a qualitative rather than a quantitative tool. Numerical measures of selection, constraints, and evolutionary potential are often too loosely connected to theory to provide operational predictions of the response to selection. In this paper, we study the ability of a set of operational measures of evolvability and constraint to predict short‐term selection responses generated by individual‐based simulations. We focus on the effects of selective constraints under which the response in one trait is impeded by stabilizing selection on other traits. The conditional evolvability is a measure of evolutionary potential explicitly developed for this situation. We show that the conditional evolvability successfully predicts rates of evolution in an equilibrium situation, and further that these equilibria are reached with characteristic times that are inversely proportional to the fitness load generated by the constraining characters. Overall, we find that evolvabilities and conditional evolvabilities bracket responses to selection, and that they together can be used to quantify evolutionary potential on time scales where the G‐matrix remains relatively constant.

• Buccino, Alessio Paolo; Kuchta, Miroslav; Jæger, Karoline Horgmo; Ness, Torbjørn V; Berthet, Pierre & Mardal, Kent-Andre [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). How does the presence of neural probes affect extracellular potentials? Journal of Neural Engineering. ISSN 1741-2560. 16(2). doi: 10.1088/1741-2552/ab03a1. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Couturier, Christine Stephanie; Stecyk, Jonathan Anthony William; Ellefsen, Stian; Sandvik, Guro Katrine; Milton, Sarah L. & Prentice, Howard M. [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). The expression of genes involved in excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in turtle (Trachemys scripta) brain during anoxic submergence at 21°C and 5°C reveals the importance of cold as a preparatory cue for anoxia survival. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part D:Genomics and Proteomics. ISSN 1744-117X. 30, s. 55–70. doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.12.010. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• von Benda-Beckmann, Alexander M.; Wensveen, Paul Jacobus; Prior, Mark; Ainslie, Michael; Hansen, Rune Roland & Isojunno, Saana [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Predicting acoustic dose associated with marine mammal behavioural responses to sound as detected with fixed acoustic recorders and satellite tags. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. ISSN 0001-4966. 145(3), s. 1401–1416. doi: 10.1121/1.5093543. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Wensveen, Paul J.; Isojunno, Saana; Hansen, Rune Roland; von Benda-Beckmann, Alexander M.; Kleivane, Lars & van IJsselmuide, Sander [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Northern bottlenose whales in a pristine environment respond strongly to close and distant navy sonar signals. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. ISSN 0962-8452. 286(1899), s. 1–10. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2018.2592. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Grytten, Ivar; Rand, Knut Dagestad; Nederbragt, Alexander Johan; Storvik, Geir Olve; Glad, Ingrid Kristine & Sandve, Geir Kjetil (2019). Graph Peak Caller: Calling ChIP-seq peaks on graph-based reference genomes. PLoS Computational Biology. ISSN 1553-734X. 15(2), s. 1–13. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006731. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Evankow, Ann; Christie, Hartvig C; Hancke, Kasper; Brysting, Anne K; Junge, Claudia & Fredriksen, Stein [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Genetic heterogeneity of two bioeconomically important kelp species along the Norwegian coast. Conservation Genetics. ISSN 1566-0621. 20(3), s. 615–628. doi: 10.1007/s10592-019-01162-8. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Vindas, Marco; Helland-Riise, Siri Helene; Nilsson, Göran Erik & Øverli, Øyvind (2019). Depression-like state behavioural outputs may confer beneficial outcomes in risky environments. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 9, s. 1–8. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40390-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Strand, David A; Johnsen, Stein Ivar; Rusch, Johannes C; Agersnap, Sune; Larsen, William Brenner & Knudsen, Steen Wilhelm [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Monitoring a Norwegian freshwater crayfish tragedy: eDNA snapshots of invasion, infection and extinction. Journal of Applied Ecology. ISSN 0021-8901. 56(7), s. 1661–1673. doi: 10.1111/1365-2664.13404. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  1. The European noble crayfish Astacus astacus is threatened by crayfish plague caused by the oomycete Aphanomyces astaci, which is spread by the invasive North American crayfish (e.g. signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus). Surveillance of crayfish plague status in Norway has traditionally relied on the monitoring survival of cage‐held noble crayfish, a method of ethical concern. Additionally, trapping is used in crayfish population surveillance. Here, we test whether environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring could provide a suitable alternative to the cage method, and a supplement to trapping. 2. We took advantage of an emerging crayfish plague outbreak in a Norwegian watercourse following illegal introduction of disease‐carrying signal crayfish, and initiated simultaneous eDNA monitoring and cage‐based surveillance, supplemented with trapping. A total of 304 water samples were filtered from several sampling stations over a 4‐year period. eDNA data (species‐specific quantitative real‐time PCR [qPCR]) for the presence of A. astaci, noble and signal crayfish within the water samples were compared to cage mortality and trapping. 3. This is the first study comparing eDNA monitoring and cage surveillance during a natural crayfish plague outbreak. We show that eDNA monitoring corresponds well with the biological status measured in terms of crayfish mortality and trapping results. eDNA analysis also reveals the presence of A. astaci in the water up to 2.5 weeks in advance of the cage method. Estimates of A. astaci and noble crayfish eDNA concentrations increased markedly during mortality and vanished quickly thereafter. eDNA provides a snapshot of the presence, absence or disappearance of crayfish regardless of season, and constitutes a valuable supplement to the trapping method that relies on season and legislation. 4. Synthesis and applications. Simultaneous eDNA monitoring of Aphanomyces astaci (crayfish plague) and relevant native and invasive freshwater crayfish species is well‐suited for early warning of invasion or infection, risk assessments, habitat evaluation and surveillance regarding pathogen and invasive/native crayfish status. This non‐invasive, animal welfare friendly method excludes the need for cage‐held susceptible crayfish in disease monitoring. Furthermore, eDNA monitoring is less likely to spread A. astaci than traditional methods. This study resulted in the implementation of eDNA monitoring for Norwegian crayfish plague and crayfish surveillance programmes, and we believe other countries could improve management strategies for freshwater crayfish using a similar approach.

• Shaw, Alan; Hoffecker, Ian T.; Smyrlaki, Ioanna; Rosa, João; Grevys, Algirdas & Bryant-Bratlie, Diane Lynn [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Binding to nanopatterned antigens is dominated by the spatial tolerance of antibodies. Nature Nanotechnology. ISSN 1748-3387. 14(2), s. 184–190. doi: 10.1038/s41565-018-0336-3.
• Poste, Amanda E; Skaar Hoel, Cathrine; Andersen, Tom; Arts, Michael T; Færøvig, Per-Johan & Borgå, Katrine (2019). Terrestrial organic matter increases zooplankton methylmercury accumulation in a brown-water boreal lake. Science of the Total Environment. ISSN 0048-9697. 674, s. 9–18. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.446. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Mareš, Jan; Hájek, Jan; Urajová, Petra; Kust, Andreja; Jokela, Jouni & Saurav, Kumar [Vis alle 18 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Alternative Biosynthetic Starter Units Enhance the Structural Diversity of Cyanobacterial Lipopeptides. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. ISSN 0099-2240. 85(4). doi: 10.1128/AEM.02675-18. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Puwainaphycins (PUWs) and minutissamides (MINs) are structurally analogous cyclic lipopeptides possessing cytotoxic activity. Both types of compound exhibit high structural variability, particularly in the fatty acid (FA) moiety. Although a biosynthetic gene cluster responsible for synthesis of several PUW variants has been proposed in a cyanobacterial strain, the genetic background for MINs remains unexplored. Herein, we report PUW/MIN biosynthetic gene clusters and structural variants from six cyanobacterial strains. Comparison of biosynthetic gene clusters indicates a common origin of the PUW/MIN hybrid nonribosomal peptide synthetase and polyketide synthase. Surprisingly, the biosynthetic gene clusters encode two alternative biosynthetic starter modules, and analysis of structural variants suggests that initiation by each of the starter modules results in lipopeptides of differing lengths and FA substitutions. Among additional modifications of the FA chain, chlorination of minutissamide D was explained by the presence of a putative halogenase gene in the PUW/MIN gene cluster of Anabaena minutissima strain UTEX B 1613. We detected PUW variants bearing an acetyl substitution in Symplocastrum muelleri strain NIVA-CYA 644, consistent with an O-acetyltransferase gene in its biosynthetic gene cluster. The major lipopeptide variants did not exhibit any significant antibacterial activity, and only the PUW F variant was moderately active against yeast, consistent with previously published data suggesting that PUWs/MINs interact preferentially with eukaryotic plasma membranes.

• Sheng, Xia; Nenseth, Hatice Zeynep; Qu, Su; Kuzu, Ömer Faruk; Frahnow, Turid & Simon, Lukas [Vis alle 16 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). IRE1α-XBP1s pathway promotes prostate cancer by activating c-MYC signaling. Nature Communications. ISSN 2041-1723. 10:323, s. 1–12. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-08152-3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sikkeland, Jørgen; Lindstad, Torstein; Nenseth, Hatice Zeynep; Dezitter, Xavier Gabriel M; Qu, Su & Mohamed Muhumed, Ridhwan [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Inflammation and ER stress differentially regulate STAMP2 expression and localization in adipocytes. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental. ISSN 0026-0495. 93, s. 75–85. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2019.01.014. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Andersen, Guri Sogn; Moy, Frithjof E & Christie, Hartvig (2019). In a squeeze: Epibiosis may affect the distribution of kelp forests. Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2045-7758. 9(5), s. 2883–2897. doi: 10.1002/ece3.4967. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Mensali, Nadia; Grenov, Charlotte Amalie; Pati, Niladri Bhusan; Dillard, Pierre; Myhre, Marit Renee & Gaudernack, Gustav [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Antigen-delivery through invariant chain (CD74) boosts CD8 and CD4 T cell immunity. Oncoimmunology. ISSN 2162-4011. 8(3), s. e1558663-1–e1558663-14. doi: 10.1080/2162402X.2018.1558663. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ekblad, Bie & Kristiansen, Per Eugen (2019). NMR structures and mutational analysis of the two peptides constituting the bacteriocin plantaricin S. Scientific Reports. ISSN 2045-2322. 9(1). doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-38518-6. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Øya, Elisabeth; Becher, Rune; Ekeren, Leni Johanne; Afanou, Komlavi Anani; Øvrevik, Johan & Holme, Jørn Andreas (2019). Pro-Inflammatory Responses in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Induced by Spores and Hyphal Fragments of Common Damp Indoor Molds. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH). ISSN 1661-7827. 16(6), s. 1–16. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16061085. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Flydal, Kjetil; Tsegaye, Diress; Eftestøl, Sindre; Reimers, Eigil & Colman, Jonathan Edward (2019). Rangifer within areas of human influence: understanding effects in relation to spatiotemporal scales. Polar Biology. ISSN 0722-4060. 42(1), s. 1–16. doi: 10.1007/s00300-018-2410-6.
• Chauhan, Nandini; Hatlem, Daniel; Rydmark, Marcella Orwick; Schneider, Kenneth; Flötenmeyer, Matthias & Van Rossum, Barth-J [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Insights into the autotransport process of a trimeric autotransporter, Yersinia Adhesin A (YadA). Molecular Microbiology. ISSN 0950-382X. 111(3), s. 844–862. doi: 10.1111/mmi.14195. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Szwed, Marzena; Sønstevold, Tonje; Øverbye, Anders; Engedal, Nikolai; Grallert, Beata & Mørch, Ýrr Asbjørg [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Small variations in nanoparticle structure dictate differential cellular stress responses and mode of cell death. Nanotoxicology. ISSN 1743-5390. 13(6), s. 761–782. doi: 10.1080/17435390.2019.1576238. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kumar, Suresh; Gu, Yuexi; Abudu, Yakubu Princely; Bruun, Jack-Ansgar; Jain, Ashish & Farzam, Farzin [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Phosphorylation of Syntaxin 17 by TBK1 Controls Autophagy Initiation. Developmental Cell. ISSN 1534-5807. 49(1), s. 130–144.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2019.01.027. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Christie, Hartvig; Gundersen, Hege; Rinde, Eli; Filbee-Dexter, Karen; Norderhaug, Kjell Magnus & Pedersen, Torstein [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Can multitrophic interactions and ocean warming influence large-scale kelp recovery? Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2045-7758. 9(5), s. 2847–2862. doi: 10.1002/ece3.4963. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hammerstad, Marta; Kjendseth, Åsmund Røhr & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2019). A Research-Inspired Biochemistry Laboratory Module - Combining Expression, Purification, Crystallization, Structure-Solving, and Characterization of a Flavodoxin-like Protein. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education. ISSN 1470-8175. 47(3), s. 318–332. doi: 10.1002/bmb.21218. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Ganan, Monica; Lorentzen, Silje Benedicte; Agger, Jane Wittrup; Heyward, Catherine Anne; Bakke, Oddmund & Knutsen, Svein Halvor [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Antifungal activity of well-defined chitooligosaccharide preparations against medically relevant yeasts. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 14(1). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210208. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Due to their antifungal activity, chitosan and its derivatives have potential to be used for treating yeast infections in humans. However, to be considered for use in human medicine, it is necessary to control and know the chemical composition of the compound, which is not always the case for polymeric chitosans. Here, we analyze the antifungal activity of a soluble and well-defined chito-oligosaccharide (CHOS) with an average polymerization degree (DPn) of 32 and fraction of acetylation (FA) of 0.15 (C32) on 52 medically relevant yeast strains. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) varied widely among yeast species, strains and isolates (from > 5000 to < 9.77 μg mL-1) and inhibition patterns showed a time- and dose-dependencies. The antifungal activity was predominantly fungicidal and was inversely proportional to the pH, being maximal at pH 4.5, the lowest tested pH. Furthermore, antifungal effects of CHOS fractions with varying average molecular weight indicated that those fractions with an intermediate degree of polymerization, i.e. DP 31 and 54, had the strongest inhibitory effects. Confocal imaging showed that C32 adsorbs to the cell surface, with subsequent cell disruption and accumulation of C32 in the cytoplasm. Thus, C32 has potential to be used as a therapy for fungal infections.

• Wang, Nelson; Anonsen, Jan Haug; Viburiene, Raimonda; Lam, Joseph S; Vik, Åshild & Koomey, Michael (2019). Disrupted synthesis of a di-N-acetylated sugar perturbs mature glycoform structure and microheterogeneity in the O-linked protein glycosylation system of Neisseria elongata subsp. glycolytica. Journal of Bacteriology. ISSN 0021-9193. 201(1). doi: 10.1128/JB.00522-18.
• Møller, Eva Friis; Johansen, Kasper Lambert; Agersted, Mette Dalgaard; Rigét, Frank; Clausen, Daniel Spelling & Larsen, Janus [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Zooplankton phenology may explain the North Water polynya's importance as a breeding area for little auks. Marine Ecology Progress Series. ISSN 0171-8630. 605, s. 207–223. doi: 10.3354/meps12745.
• Malecki, Jedrzej Mieczyslaw; Willemen, Hanneke L.D.M.; Pinto, Rita; Ho, Angela Yeuan Yen; Moen, Anders & Kjønstad, Ingrid Fadum [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Lysine methylation by the mitochondrial methyltransferase FAM173B optimizes the function of mitochondrial ATP synthase. Journal of Biological Chemistry. ISSN 0021-9258. 294(4), s. 1128–1141. doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.005473. Vis sammendrag

  Lysine methylation is an important post-translational modification that is also present on mitochondrial proteins, but the mitochondrial lysine-specific methyltransferases (KMTs) responsible for modification are in most cases unknown. Here, we set out to determine the function of human family with sequence similarity 173 member B (FAM173B), a mitochondrial methyltransferase (MTase) reported to promote chronic pain. Using bioinformatics analyses and biochemical assays, we found that FAM173B contains an atypical, noncleavable mitochondrial targeting sequence responsible for its localization to mitochondria. Interestingly, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated KO of FAM173B in mammalian cells abrogated trimethylation of Lys-43 in ATP synthase c-subunit (ATPSc), a modification previously reported as ubiquitous among metazoans. ATPSc methylation was restored by complementing the KO cells with enzymatically active human FAM173B or with a putative FAM173B orthologue from the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Interestingly, lack of Lys-43 methylation caused aberrant incorporation of ATPSc into the ATP synthase complex and resulted in decreased ATP-generating ability of the complex, as well as decreased mitochondrial respiration. In summary, we have identified FAM173B as the long-sought KMT responsible for methylation of ATPSc, a key protein in cellular ATP production, and have demonstrated functional significance of ATPSc methylation. We suggest renaming FAM173B to ATPSc-KMT (gene name ATPSCKMT).

• Strus, J; Tusek-Znidaric, M; Repnik, Urska; Blejec, A & Summers, A (2018). Microscopy of crustacean cuticle: Formation of a flexible extracellular matrix in moulting sea slaters Ligia pallasii. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. ISSN 0025-3154. s. 1–9. doi: 10.1017/S0025315418001017.
• Taiaroa, George; Samuelsen, Ørjan; Kristensen, Tom; Økstad, Ole Andreas & Heikal, Adam (2018). Complete Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa K34-7, a Carbapenem-Resistant Isolate of the High-Risk Sequence Type 233. Microbiology Resource Announcements (MRA). ISSN 2169-8287. 7(4), s. 1–2. doi: 10.1128/MRA.00886-18. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Gutema, Tariku Mekonnen; Atickem, Anagaw Meshesha; Bekele, Afework; Sillero-Zubiri, Claudio; Kasso, Mohammed & Alemu, Diress Tsegaye [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2018). Competition between sympatric wolf taxa: an example involving African and Ethiopian wolves. Royal Society Open Science. ISSN 2054-5703. 5(5), s. 1–9. doi: 10.1098/rsos.172207. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv

Se alle arbeider i Cristin

• Sand, Olav; Sjaastad, Øystein; Haug, Egil & Bjaalie, Jan G. (2019). Anatomi og fysiologi - Menneskekroppen, 4. utgave. Gads forlag. ISBN 9788712058328. 666 s.

Se alle arbeider i Cristin

• Kline, Simon Hasselø (2021). Den ensomme algen.
• Kline, Simon Hasselø (2021). The lonely Algae.
• Hessen, Dag Olav (2021). Vi trenger en hippokratisk ed for de ufødte. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening. ISSN 0029-2001. 141(12). doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.21.0593.
• Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Falk, Stefanie; Berglen eriksen, Aud; Emberson, Lisa D.; O’Neill, Connie & Stordal, Frode [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Model parameterisation of subarctic vegetation in climate models, an example from an ozone effect study.
• Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Stordal, Frode; Falk, Stefanie; Eriksen, Aud Berglen; Kauserud, Håvard & Berntsen, Terje Koren (2021). Field and lab experiments, plant ecophysiology starting from The double punch.
• Linke, Dirk (2021). #FEMSmicroBlog: The balancing act between basic and applied science.
• Hori, Katsutoshi & Linke, Dirk (2021). the exchange program MISC - Options for internships at Nagoya University (with descriptions of current projects by students).
• Hu, Xian; Margadant, Felix Martin & Bakke, Oddmund (2021). International Patent: Microscope apparatus. WO2021160723A1. . Vis sammendrag

  A microscope apparatus (10) comprises: an imaging volume with orthogonal X, Y and Z axes; a camera (211) having a focal plane; a light source (110, 120) for illumination of the imaging volume; and a Z-stage movement system (131, 132) for relative movement of the imaging volume and the focal plane in the Z axis. Images of microscopic biological objects S are obtained using the microscope apparatus (10) via a method comprising: using the camera (211) to obtain an image in a single exposure whilst using the Z-stage movement system (131, 132) for relative movement of the imaging volume and the focal plane; wherein the Z axis movement is a step-wise movement in which there are multiple resting steps providing periods of no relative motion in between multiple periods of relative motion; and wherein during the periods of relative motion the light source is controlled to reduce the illumination of the imaging volume.

• Gullvåg, Rebekka; Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Bryn, Anders; Brysting, Anne Krag & Vatne, Astrid (2021). Effects of high-latitude light conditions on stomatal conductance and photosynthesis in white clover (Trifolium repens) .
• Falk, Stefanie; Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Eriksen, Aud E Berglen; Emberson, Lisa D.; O'Neill, Connie & Stordal, Frode [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Charakterisierung der subarktischen Ökozone hinsichtlich der Modellierung von Ozonverschmutzung und Klimarisiken. Vis sammendrag

  https://www.dpg-verhandlungen.de/year/2021/conference/smuk/part/up/session/5/contribution/2?lang=en

• Falk, Stefanie; Lombardozzi, Danica; Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Stordal, Frode; Berntsen, Terje Koren & Eriksen, Aud Else Berglen (2021). OzoneLUNA: Ozone damage in CLM revisited.
• Falk, Stefanie; Vollsnes, Ane Victoria; Emberson, Lisa D.; O'Neill, Connie; Eriksen, Aud E Berglen & Stordal, Frode [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Characterizing subarctic biomes for land surface modeling of pollution and climate risk. Vis sammendrag

  Here we assess the importance of characterization of key meteorological variables and air pollution profiles on the modeled susceptibility of subarctic vegetation to ozone. Changes in climate (e.g. temperature, water availability) will manifest in both direct and indirect effects influencing the species' sensitivity to air pollution. A likely increase in frequency of persistent heatwaves in the future, will inflict heat related stress while generating favorable conditions for the formation of ambient air ozone, e.g. due to wildfires. We have monitored ambient air ozone concentrations at the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO) Environment Centre Svanhovd in Northern Norway in the vegetation period 2018/19. Due to data acquisition problems, ozone concentrations for two weeks in July 2018 were missing from our record. We present a reconstruction based on probability density function with respect to the Swedish and Finnish atmospheric monitoring sites and compare with available surface ozone products for the region. Over all, ozone concentrations did not differ significantly between the two years. While temperatures and global irradiance diverged substantially from the multi annual mean precipitation varied only to some extend. We investigate the difference in uptake of ozone using the DO3SE model, for typical vegetation at the location. We find that bespoke parameterization for subarctic vegetation is essential for an accurate estimation of Phototoxic Ozone Dose (POD) and an assessment of damage risk. Accurate estimates of the start and length of growing season are also crucial. We find that temperature and its derivative vapor pressure deficit are likely the most important climate variables while the variability of ozone concentration within climatologically reasonable limits plays a minor role. The use of subarctic parameterization suggests an improvement in risk assessment as POD values are increased in 2018; corroborated by evidence of visible injury in the Svanhovd ozone garden.

• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2021). Ancient DNA on Viking sheep from the North Atlantic and Ethical Approaches to Destructive Sampling of Animal Bones.
• Chowdhury, Sounak; Linke, Dirk; Happonen, Lotta Johanna & Malmström, Johan (2021). Streptococcus pyogenes forms M protein specific host-environment dependent protein complexes.
• Thibau, Arno; Linke, Dirk & Kempf, Volkhard A.J. (2021). Analysing the fibronectin binding properties and genomic variation of Bartonella henselae adhesin.
• Leva-Bueno, Juan; Meuskens, Ina; Linke, Dirk; Millner, Paul & Peyman, Sally (2021). Impedimetric biosensor based on extracellular matrix protein-adhesin interaction.
• Meuskens, Ina; Leva-Bueno, Juan; Millner, Paul; Schütz, Monika; Peyman, Sally & Linke, Dirk (2021). The Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesin YadA of Yersinia binds to glycan moieties.
• Bustad, Helene J.; Flydal, Marte Innselset; Knævelsrud, Helene; Boye, Erik & Kristensen, Tom Arne (2021). Et kappløp for norsk fagspråk. Michael. ISSN 1893-9651. 18(26), s. 81–91.
• Knudtzon, Nina Cathrine; Thorstensen, Helene; Ruus, Anders; Helberg, Morten; Bæk, Kine & Enge, Ellen Katrin [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2021). Maternal Transfer and Occurrence of Siloxanes, Chlorinated Paraffins and Legacy POPs in Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus) of Different Urban Influence.
• Nordal, Inger (2021). «Arven etter Nansen: Banebrytende forskning nord for iskanten» – spilte også kvinnelige forskere en rolle fra starten av? Internasjonal dag for kvinner og jenter innen forskning.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2020). “Kønsforskel: Vikinger foretrak han-heste i graven [Sexing: Vikings preferred male horses for burial]”. [Internett]. Videnskab.dk.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2020). “Han-heste fik skåret halsen over ved vikingernes grave [Male horses were killed at Viking burial sites]”. [Tidsskrift]. Tölt: Dansk Islandshesteforening.
• Vandvik, Vigdis; Elvevoll, Edel O.; Finne, Merethe Aasmo; Hofshagen, Merete; Nielsen, Anders & Steffensen, Inger-Lise [Vis alle 21 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2020). Uavhengige kunnskapssynteser: grunnlag for kunnskapsbaserte beslutninger i samfunnet. Uttalelse fra hovedkomiteen i Vitenskapskomiteen for mat og miljø (VKM) . VKM Report. ISSN 2535-4019. 2020:03, s. 1–24.
• Edvardsen, Bente; Supraha, Luka; Gran-Stadniczeñko, Sandra; Eikrem, Wenche & John, Uwe (2020). An in-depth study of Chrysochromulina leadbeateri bloom in northern Norway during spring 2019. Vis sammendrag

  The toxic algal bloom of the haptophyte Chrysochromulina leadbeateri in spring 2019 was the largest bloom of this species in Norwegian waters and worldwide ever recorded. Starting in the Vestfjorden area in northern Norway during early May and expanding north to Balsfjorden and Tromsø area, the bloom caused a major mortality of farmed salmon, with over 13 000 tonns of fish reported as lost during the outbreak. The C. leadbeateri bloom in northern Norway was studied in-depth in frame of a research cruise led by Alfred Wegener Institute (Germany) and in collaboration with the University of Oslo. The cruise focused on studies of phytoplankton diversity, distribution and functional ecology in several fjord systems along the northern Norwegian coast (Lofoten-Vesterålen area, Balsfjorden, Lyngen, Porsangerfjorden, Laksefjorden, Tanafjorden). Biological and environmental data collected during the cruise allowed for detailed analyses of the blooming organism, its distribution patterns in northern Norway, and its ecology. Cultures of C. leadbeateri isolated from the bloom were used to determine the morphology, taxonomic identity, and phylogenetic placement of the organism, and to compare it with a C. leadbeateri strain isolated from the previous major bloom in 1991. Metabarcoding data, light microscopy counts and flow cytometry data were used to map the distribution and abundance of the species along the coast of northern Norway, and correlate its distribution with biotic and abiotic parameters. Preliminary results show that the blooming organism is genetically identical in marker genes to the strain from the bloom in Vestfjorden in 1991. However, both strains and C. leadbeateri in field material exhibit significant intraspecific genetic variability. Biogeographic mapping shows that the bloom was most pronounced in the Balsfjorden area, with maximum cell concentration of over 27 million cells L-1. From an ecological perspective, C. leadbeateri abundance showed positive correlation with phosphate and nitrate, negative correlation with salinity and a slightly positive correlation with temperature. The results of our work provide a unique, in-depth insight into C. leadbeateri blooms, which may help in the monitoring, modelling and predicting similar events in the future. Ongoing work in our group focus on physiological and genetic profiling of the isolated C. leadbeateri strains with the aim to improve our understanding of factors triggering toxicity and bloom formation.

• Linke, Dirk (2020). LPS-Binding Peptides: New Tools for Endotoxin Detection and Removal?
• Hammerstad, Marta; Gudim, Ingvild & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2020). The Crystal Structures of Bacillithiol Disulfide Reductase YpdA Reveal Structural and Functional Insight into a New Type of FAD-Containing NADPH-Dependent Oxidoreductases.
• Linke, Dirk (2020). Palladium nanoparticles made by bacteria.
• Thorstensen, H. S.; Ruus, Anders; Helberg, Morten; Bæk, Kine; Enge, Ellen Katrin & Borgå, Katrine (2020). Herring gull and common eider as indicators of contaminants in an urban fjord.
• Thibau, Arno; Vaca, Diana; Linke, Dirk & Kempf, Volkhard A.J. (2020). Analysing the fibronectin binding properties of Bartonella henselae adhesin A.
• Hammerstad, Marta; Gudim, Ingvild; Lofstad, Marie; Kjendseth, Åsmund Røhr & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2019). Enzyme activation by a flavoprotein redox network. Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations and Advances. ISSN 2053-2733. A75, s. e128–e128. doi: 10.1107/S2053273319094282.
• Gudim, Ingvild; Lofstad, Marie; Hammerstad, Marta; van Beek, Wouter & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2019). New structural insight into the well known peptide flip observed in flavodoxins. Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations and Advances. ISSN 2053-2733. A75, s. e123–e123. doi: 10.1107/S2053273319094336.
• Thibau, Arno; Vaca, Diana; Linke, Dirk & Kempf, Volkhard A.J. (2019). Analysing the fibronectin binding domain of the Bartonella henselae adhesin A.
• Fabrice, Tsigaing; Romuald, Oba; Blondo-Pascal, Metsebing; Claude, Mossebo Dominique; Claire, Fomena T. Mélanie & Joseph, Lumanda Kasali [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Studies in Aphyllophorales of Africa 34 - Two new species from Cameroon and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 39, s. 76–79.
• Blondo-Pascal, Metsebing; Fabrice, Tsigaing; Romuald, Oba; Claude, Mossebo Dominique & Ryvarden, Leif (2019). Studies in Aphyllophorales of Africa 33. Two new poroid species from Cameroon. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 39, s. 72–75.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2019). Studies in Aphyllophorales of Africa 32. Some new African polypores. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 39, s. 59–71.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2019). Studies in Aphyllophorales of Africa 31. The genus Tyromyces in Africa. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 39, s. 46–58.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2019). Studies in Aphyllophorales of Africa 30. Some poroid species from Uganda. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 39, s. 41–45.
• Spirin, Viacheslav & Ryvarden, Leif (2019). Studies in Aphyllophorales of Africa 29. Some corticoid species from Uganda. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 39, s. 38–40.
• Spirin, Viacheslav & Ryvarden, Leif (2019). Studies in Aphyllophorales of Africa 28. Some corticoid species from Malawi. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 39, s. 33–37.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2019). Type studies in Polyporaceae 36, species described by E. Fries. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 39, s. 12–32.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2019). Type studies in Polyporaceae 35, species described by C. Peck. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 39, s. 8–11.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2019). Type studies in Polyporaceae 34, species described by C. Torrend. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 39, s. 6–7.
• Ryvarden, Leif (2019). Type studies in Polyporaceae 33, species described by P. van der Byl. Synopsis fungorum. ISSN 0802-8966. 39, s. 3–5.
• Garcia, Laura Andrea Alfaro; Descamps, Sebastien; Herzke, Dorte; Eckbo, Norith; Chastel, O. & Carravieri, Alice [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Biomagnification of PFAS in the Antarctic breeding south polar skua.
• Kristiansen, Silje Marie; Leinaas, Hans Petter; Herzke, Dorte; Hylland, Ketil; Gabrielsen, Geir W. & Harju, Mikael [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). The Arctic tundra and its soil-dwelling springtails (Collembola) reflect nitrogen and contaminants biotransported by seabirds.
• Hammerstad, Marta; Gudim, Ingvild; Lofstad, Marie; Røhr, Åsmund Kjendseth & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2019). Enzyme Activation by a Flavoprotein Redox Network.
• Gudim, Ingvild; Lofstad, Marie; Hammerstad, Marta; van Beek, Wouter & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2019). New structural insight into the well known peptide flip observed in flavodoxins.
• Hammerstad, Marta; Zaltariov, Mirela F.; Arabshahi, Homayon John; Jovanovic, Katarina; Richter, Klaus W. & Cazacu, Maria [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). New thiosemicarbazone derivatives and their copper(II) complexes as potential inhibitors against mammalian ribonucleotide reductase.
• Gudim, Ingvild; Lofstad, Marie; Hammerstad, Marta; Røhr, Åsmund Kjendseth & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2019). Activation of the Class Ib Ribonucleotide Reductase by a Flavodoxin Reductase in Bacillus cereus.
• Strand, David; Rusch, Johannes; Brand, Lisa; Haavi, Lars; Rolen, Elin & Vrålstad, Trude (2019). Can ultrasound reduce A. astaci infection load and prevent A. astaci re-infection of carrier signal crayfish?
• Strand, David; Edsman, Lennart; Rusch, Johannes; Brand, Lisa; Haavi, Lars & Rolen, Elin [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Can ultrasonic treatment prevent crayfish plague mediated mortalities in noble crayfish? .
• Strand, David; Haavi, Lars; Brand, Lisa; Rolen, Elin & Vrålstad, Trude (2019). Ultrasonic treatment and effects on the viability of A. astaci zoospores.
• Linke, Dirk (2019). The Gram-Negative Bacterial Cell Surface: How to Study Its Protein Components and How to Remove Endotoxin.
• Lyche, Jan Ludvig; Dirven, Hubert; Låg, Marit; Nilsen, Asbjørn Magne; Borgå, Katrine & Eklo, Ole Martin [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Risk Assessment of the Metabolite M44 of Bixafen, One of the Active Substancesin Aviator Xpro EC225. European Journal of Nutrition and Food Safety. ISSN 2347-5641. 9(4), s. 317–318. doi: 10.9734/EJNFS/2019/v9i430077.
• Eklo, Ole Martin; Almvik, Marit; Hole, Halvard; Nyborg, Åge Arild; Stenrød, Marianne & Borgå, Katrine [Vis alle 13 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Degradation and Mobility of Pesticides in Norwegian Soils. European Journal of Nutrition and Food Safety. ISSN 2347-5641. 9(3), s. 303–305. doi: 10.9734/EJNFS/2019/v9i330071.
• Dirven, Hubert; Lyche, Jan Ludvig; Låg, Marit; Nilsen, Asbjørn Magne; Borgå, Katrine & Eklo, Ole Martin [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Genotoxic Assessment of the Metabolite M-11 of Mepanipyrim, the Active Ingredient in the Plant Protection Product FRUPICA SC. European Journal of Nutrition and Food Safety. ISSN 2347-5641. 9(3), s. 306–307. doi: 10.9734/EJNFS/2019/v9i330072.
• Strand, David; Johnsen, Stein Ivar; Laurendz, Charlotte; Rusch, Johannes; Edsman, Lennart & Andersen, Tom [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Can eDNA quantities predict crayfish population density and/or A. astaci prevalence?
• Strand, David; Agersnap, Sune; Rusch, Johannes; Larsen, William Brenner; Knudsen, Steen Wilhelm & Rask Møller, Peter [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Developing the concept of eDNA monitoring of native and invasive freshwater crayfish.
• Källqvist, Torsten; Grung, Merete; Borgå, Katrine; Dirven, Hubert; Eklo, Ole Martin & Lyche, Jan Ludvig [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Risk Assessment of Malakite with the Active Substances Dithianon and Pyrimenthanil. European Journal of Nutrition and Food Safety. ISSN 2347-5641. 9(4). doi: 10.9734/EJNFS/2019/v9i430075.
• Eftestøl, Einar; Psilander, Niklas; Cumming, Kristoffer Toldnes; Juvkam, Inga; Ekblom, Maria M. & Sunding, Kerstin [Vis alle 12 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Muscle memory: Are myonuclei ever lost? Journal of applied physiology. ISSN 8750-7587. 128(2), s. 456–457. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00761.2019.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda & Leifsson, Rúnar (2019). Participant in the podcast ArchaeoAnimals, A Horse, Of Course - Ep 09. [Internett]. ArchaeoAnimals podcast.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda & Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn (2019). Merkilegar rannsóknir á uppruna og sögu tamda hestsins. [Internett]. Hestamennska.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2019). Hvað er hægt að gera við 340 dýrabeinagrindur? Samanburðarsafn í dýrabeinafornleifafræði við Landbúnaðarháskóla Íslands.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Star, Bastiaan; Leifsson, Rúnar; Wyrozemska, Agata Teresa & Orlando, Ludovic [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Kyngreining á hrossum úr kumlum með forn-DNA Hestar lagðir í kuml á Íslandi á víkingaöld.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Star, Bastiaan; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Kantanen, Juha; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn & Boessenkool, Sanne (2019). Viking sheep of the North Atlantic: Origins & genetic heritage.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Star, Bastiaan; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Kantanen, Juha; Stenseth, Nils Chr. & Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). The Sheep Saga: Archaeogenomics of Viking Age sheep in the North Atlantic.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2019). Hverjar eru elstu þekktu leifar um ketti á Norðurlöndum? Vísindavefurinn.
• Reiten, Ingrid & Schlegel, Ulrike (2019). HBP Researchers' Data Curation-booklet.
• Andersson, Krister Andreas; Blixhavn, Camilla Hagen; Zehl, Lyuba; Zarfarnia, Sara; Köhnen, Stefan & Hilverling, Anna [Vis alle 19 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Resources for making neuroscience data FAIR. The Human Brain Project invites researchers to share, find, and use data via the new EBRAINS infrastructure.
• Andersson, Krister Andreas; Blixhavn, Camilla Hagen; Kleven, Heidi; Zehl, Lyuba; Bjerke, Ingvild Elise & Schmid, Oliver [Vis alle 17 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Neuroinformatics platform for making neuroscience data Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reuseable.
• Andersson, Krister Andreas; Blixhavn, Camilla Hagen; Kleven, Heidi; Schlegel, Ulrike; Oliver, Schmid & Puchades, Maja [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). EBRAINS fair data service: A novel infrastructure for making neuroscience data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reuseable.
• Hessen, Dag Olav (2019). Publiseringspirater og akademiske kappløp. I Tjora, Aksel (Red.), Universitetskamp. Scandinavian Academic Press. ISSN 978-82-304-0247-4. s. 43–56.
• Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Lindemann, Florian; Chauhan, Nandini; Yarava, J; Oschkinat, Hartmut & Van Rossum, Barth-J [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). In situ structural and dynamic analysis of a membrane protein.
• Høiland, Klaus; Ryvarden, Leif & Rui, Siri (2019). Hva kan vi lære av sopp?
• Kendall-Price, Sophie; Evans, Rhiannon M; Rowbotham, Jack S; Reeve, Holly A; Carr, Stephen B & Frogley, Mark D [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Generating Single Metalloprotein Crystals in Well-Defined Redox States – Electrochemical Microspectroscopy As a Tool for Mechanistic Studies. Meeting Abstracts - The Electrochemical Society [ECS]. ISSN 1091-8213. 9, s. 425–425.
• McGovern, Maeve; Evenset, Anita; Borgå, Katrine; Wit, Heleen de; Braaten, Hans Fredrik Veiteberg & Hessen, Dag Olav [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Implications of Coastal Darkening for Contaminant Transport, Bioavailability, and Trophic Transfer in Northern Coastal Waters. Environmental Science and Technology. ISSN 0013-936X. 53(13), s. 7180–7182. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03093. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Joudeh, Nadeem & Linke, Dirk (2019). Bio-engineered Palladium Nanoparticles.
• Joudeh, Nadeem & Linke, Dirk (2019). Bio-engineered Pd Nanoparticles.
• Meuskens, Ina; Leva, Juan; Millner, Paul & Linke, Dirk (2019). Differential Adhesion of Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesins to Extracellular Matrix Proteins.
• Linke, Dirk (2019). Autotransporter Adhesins in the fish pathogen Yersinia ruckeri.
• Nissen-Meyer, Jon; Skotland, Tore; Østerud, Bjarne & Boye, Erik (2019). Improving scientific practice in sports-associated drug testing. The FEBS Journal. ISSN 1742-464X. s. 1–6. doi: 10.1111/febs.14920.
• Nordal, Inger; Borgen, Liv; Haraldsen, Kirsten Borse & Pedersen, Oddvar (2019). Et «dypdykk» i et livslangt forsknings-engasjement: Rolf Y. Berg . Blyttia : Norsk botanisk forenings tidsskrift. ISSN 0006-5269. 77(1), s. 35–43.
• Hawkins, Anthony D.; Chapman, Colin; Fay, Richard R.; Horner, Kathleen; Popper, Arthur N. & Sand, Olav (2019). The pioneering contributions of Per Stockfleth Enger to fish bioacoustics. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. ISSN 0001-4966. 145(3), s. 1596–1599. doi: 10.1121/1.5095405.
• Shaw, Alan; Hoffecker, Ian T.; Smyrlaki, Ioanna; Rosa, João; Grevys, Algirdas & Bryant-Bratlie, Diane Lynn [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Publisher Correction: Binding to nanopatterned antigens is dominated by the spatial tolerance of antibodies. Nature Nanotechnology. ISSN 1748-3387. 14(4), s. 398–398. doi: 10.1038/s41565-019-0404-3.
• Røsjø, Bjarne; Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Linke, Dirk; Leo, Jack Christopher & Hatlem, Daniel (2019). Ny antibiotika-idé: Vil hindre bakteriene i å feste seg. [Internett]. TITAN.NO.
• Linke, Dirk (2019). Insights into the autotransport process of a trimeric autotransporter, YadA.
• Saragliadis, Athanasios & Linke, Dirk (2019). Screening for small-molecule inhibitors of YadA adhesion to collagen.
• Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Van Rossum, Barth-J; Oschkinat, Hartmut & Linke, Dirk (2019). Towards the in situ structure of the Yersinia Adhesin A membrane anchor domain.
• Meuskens, Ina & Linke, Dirk (2019). Binding of Yersinia Ahesin A to ECM molecules: a biosensor approach.
• Hatlem, Daniel; Chauhan, Nandini; Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Schneider, Kenneth; Flötenmeyer, Matthias & Van Rossum, Barth-J [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Insights into the autotransport of a trimeric autotransporter.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Leifsson, Rúnar; Orlando, Ludovic; Barrett, James H. & Star, Bastiaan [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Fornleifarannsóknir: Hryssur ekki valdar í kuml. [Avis]. Austurglugginn.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2019). Reindeer Cyclones Are Real, and You Definitely Don't Want to Get Caught in One. [Internett]. LiveScience website.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Star, Bastiaan; Leifsson, Rúnar; Wyrozemska, Agata Teresa & Orlando, Ludovic [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Kyngreining á hrossum úr kumlum með fornDNA. Vis sammendrag

  Hestar voru algengasta haugfé sem lagt var í kuml á Íslandi á víkingaöld. Beinagrindur hrossa er hægt að kyngreina á formi mjaðmagrindar og því hvort vígtennur eru til staðar. Vígtennur koma upp við 4-5 ára aldur í karldýrum en þó hafa rannsóknir sýnt að allt að þriðjungur hryssa getur haft vígtennur þó þær séu yfirleitt mun minni en í karldýrunum. Beinagreining hefur sýnt að öll hross sem hægt er að kyngreina úr íslenskum kumlum er úr karlkyns hestum en þar sem stór hluti þessara kumla fannst fyrir mörgum áratugum síðan við framkvæmdir eru beinagrindurnar oft of illa varðveittar til þess að hægt sé að kyngreina þær með vissu. Í þessari rannsókn notum við forn-DNA-greiningu til að kyngreina 22 hross frá víkingaöld. 19 hross voru úr kumlum en þrjú bein úr hellum og býlum voru einnig greind. Rannsóknir okkar leiddu í ljós að af 19 hrossum úr kumlum sem greind voru reyndist aðeins vera ein hryssa en öll sýnin sem komu úr helli og býli reyndust vera hryssur. Í greininni er einnig sýnt fram á að hægt er að kyngreina dýr jafnvel þó afar lítið sé varðveitt af DNA í hverju sýni og því má nota aðferðafræðina í greininni til að kyngreina fornleifafræðileg bein á mun stærri skala og fyrir minna fé en áður var talið. Fjallað verður um niðurstöður í nýútkominni grein Heidi M. Nistelberger, Albínu Huldu Pálsdóttur, Bastiaan Star, Rúnars Leifssonar, Agötu T. Gondek, Ludovic Orlando, James H. Barrett, Jóns Hallsteins Hallssonar og Sanne Boessenkool “Sexing Viking Age horses from burial and non-burial sites in Iceland using ancient DNA,” Journal of Archaeological Science 101 (2019), 115–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2018.11.007. Albína Hulda Pálsdóttir er dýrabeinafornleifafræðingur og starfar við Landbúnaðarháskóla Íslands. Hún er doktorsnemi við Óslóarháskóla en doktorsverkefni hennar heitir „Hestar og sauðfé víkinganna: Fornerfðafræði húsdýra í Norður-Atlantshafi“. Hún hefur greint dýrabeinasöfn frá Íslandi, Írlandi, Grænlandi og Færeyjum. Leiðbeinendur Albínu eru dr. Sanne Boessenkool við Óslóarháskóla, dr. Jón Hallsteinn Hallsson við Landbúnaðarháskóla Íslands og dr. Juha Kantanen hjá LUKE í Finnlandi. Verkefnið er styrkt af rannsóknasjóði Rannís á styrk nr. 162783051

• Andersen, Niels Højmark; Hammerstad, Marta; Zaltariov, Mirela F.; Rapta, Peter; Arion, Vladimir B. & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2019). Interaction of Thiosemicarbazones with the Ribonucleotide Reductase R2 subunit Studied by Resonance Raman Spectroscopy.
• Hammerstad, Marta; Gudim, Ingvild; Lofstad, Marie; Kjendseth, Åsmund Røhr & Hersleth, Hans-Petter (2019). Characterization of Proteins in the Ribonucleotide Reductase RedoxNetwork .
• Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Chauhan, Nandini; Van Rossum, Barth-J & Linke, Dirk (2019). Towards the structure of the YadA anchor domain in the native membrane.
• Linke, Dirk & Saragliadis, Athanasios (2019). Bacterial adhesion to living and non-living surfaces.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Leifsson, Rúnar & Nistelberger, Heidi Maria [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Powerful Icelandic Vikings were buried with stallions. [Internett]. phys.org.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Leifsson, Rúnar & Nistelberger, Heidi Maria [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Lítið um hryss­ur í kuml­um vík­inga. [Internett]. mbl.is.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Leifsson, Rúnar & Nistelberger, Heidi Maria [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Powerful Icelandic Vikings were buried with stallions. [Internett]. Heritage daily.
• Leifsson, Rúnar; Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn & Nistelberger, Heidi Maria [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Horses buried with Icelandic Viking nobles were male, ancient DNA shows. [Internett]. CBC news.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Leifsson, Rúnar & Nistelberger, Heidi Maria [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Burials Suggest Icelandic Vikings Had a Thing for Stallions . [Internett]. www.smithsonianmag.com.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Boessenkool, Sanne; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Star, Bastiaan & Barrett, James H. [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Ancient Horse DNA From Burial Sites In Iceland Suggests That Viking Age Warriors Preferred Male Horses. [Internett]. www.inquisitr.com.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Leifsson, Rúnar & Nistelberger, Heidi Maria [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). POWERFUL MALE VIKINGS WERE BURIED WITH THEIR POWERFUL MALE HORSES. [Internett]. Newsweek.com.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Leifsson, Rúnar & Nistelberger, Heidi Maria [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Ancient DNA from Viking Graves Proves the Fierce Fighters Rode Male Horses. [Internett]. https://www.livescience.com/64432-vikings-buried-with-stalli.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Barrett, James H.; Boessenkool, Sanne; Hallsson, Jón Hallsteinn; Leifsson, Rúnar & Nistelberger, Heidi Maria [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Lítið um hryssur í kumlum víkinga. [Avis]. Morgunblaðið.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2019). Wild Way of the Vikings by Marmedia . [TV]. Wild Way of the Vikings by Marmedia .
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda; Nistelberger, Heidi Maria; Star, Bastiaan; Leifsson, Rúnar; Gondek, Agata Teresa & Orlando, Ludovic [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Which horse should we sacrifice? Sex as a determining factor for the selection of horses in Viking Age burials in Iceland.
• Tietgen, M; Weidensdorfer, M; Djahanshiri, Bardya; Linke, Dirk; Kempf, Volkhard A.J. & Gottig, Stephan (2019). Virulence of Acinetobacter baumannii depends on the Acinetobacter trimeric autotransporter adhesin Ata.
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• Joudeh, Nadeem & Linke, Dirk (2018). BEDPAN - Nanoparticles from Bacteria. [Internett]. Digital Life Website.
• Hatlem, Daniel & Linke, Dirk (2018). Insights into the autotransporter process of a trimeric autotransporter, Yersinia Adhesin A (YadA).
• Kline, Simon Hasselø (2021). A tale of six diatoms: an insight into the taxonomy of Arctic diatoms from different sea-ice communities and their physiological response to climate change. Det matematisk-naturvitenskapelige fakultet, Universitetet i Oslo.
• Rueness, Jan & Nøkling-Eide, Katharina (2021). Bestemmelsesnøkler til norske marine makroalger 3. Grønnalger. Norsk Botanisk Forening.
• Rueness, Jan & Nøkling-Eide, Katharina (2021). Bestemmelsesnøkler til norske marine makroalger 2. Brunalger. Norsk Botanisk Forening.
• Rueness, Jan & Nøkling-Eide, Katharina (2021). Bestemmelsesnøkler til norske marine makroalger 1. Rødalger. Norsk Botanisk Forening.
• Trunk, Thomas; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2020). Characterization and comparative analyses of type Vd-secreted phospholipases expressed in pathogenic bacteria. Universitetet i Oslo.
• Grünfeld, Lars Andreas Holm; Bekkby, Trine; Gundersen, Hege; Hancke, Kasper & Fredriksen, Stein (2020). Et taredyrkingsanleggs rolle som kunstig tareskog. Sammenlikning av faunasamfunn mellom dyrket butare (Alaria esculenta) og naturlig tareskog . Universitetet i Oslo. Vis sammendrag

  Med en økende befolkning vil behovet for mat og ferskvann også øke. Det har derfor blitt mer fokus på marine ressurser for å dekke det stadig økende behovet. Produksjon av makroalger, som tang og tare, har lenge vært en ressurs i Asia, men i nyere tid har også Europa tatt del i denne industrien. Det er per i dag lite forskning på hvordan akvakulturer for makroalger vil påvirke det marine miljøet. Denne studien ønsket derfor å se på hvordan et taredyrkingsanlegg i Frøya kommune kunne stille som et habitat for tareassosiert fauna. Studien så på hvilket dyr som ble funnet i taredyrkingsanlegget til Seaweed Energy Solutions (SES), lokalisert på Frøya, og sammenlikne funnene med dyr funnet i naturlig tareskog og åpne vannmasser. SES dyrket sukkertare (Saccharina latissima) og butare (Alaria esculenta) i taredyrkingsanlegget, hvorav denne studien fokuserte på butare. Dyrene funnet fra butaren i taredyrkingsanlegget ble sammenliknet med dyr funnet i naturlig butareskog og naturlig stortareskog som omringet anlegget. Målet med denne studien var å finne ut om et taredyrkingsanlegg kunne ha en rolle som en kunstig tareskog, både i perioden det ble dyrket tare i anlegget (april, 2019) og da anlegget sto tomt for dyrket tare (september, 2019). Studien ville også finne svar på om taredyrkingsanlegget kunne spille en rolle for truede eller invaderende arter. Funnene fra innsamlingene viste at taredyrkingsanlegget fungerte som et habitat for tareassosiert fauna, men representerte et distinkt artssamfunn, sammenliknet med dyrene funnet i naturlig tareskog. Likevel liknet artssammensetningen i april mer den som ble funnet i naturlig stortareskog. I september ble det funnet store mengder av den invaderende spøkelseskrepsen Caprella mutica i taredyrkingsanlegget, men ikke i noen av de naturlige tareskogene. Fra innsamlingen i november ble C. mutica funnet på samtlige av akvakulturene og på flere av bryggene. Disse funne tydet på at taredyrkingsanlegg, og andre akvakulturer, er gunstige habitater for C. mutica og en mulig vektor for videre spredning av arten langs norskekysten. Videre studier trengs for å forstå mer om hvordan makroalgeanlegg vil påvirke det marine miljøet.

• Torstensen, Ragnhild Ryther Grimm; Bekkby, Trine; Gundersen, Hege; Hancke, Kasper & Fredriksen, Stein (2020). Miljøeffekter ved dyrking av sukkertare (Saccharina latissima) Et taredyrkingsanleggs rolle som kunstig habitat. Universitetet i Oslo. Vis sammendrag

  Befolkningsvekst og uforutsigbarhet knyttet til landbasert industri vil medføre økt fokus på marin produksjon. Makroalger kan bli en bærekraftig ressurs blant annet i matindustri, i produksjon av biodrivstoff, og i medisin- og kosmetikkindustri. Interessen for dyrking av makroalger har blitt større også i Norge, og det antas at vi innen 2050 kan produsere så mye som 20 millioner tonn makroalger i året. En så kraftig oppskalering av en marin industri vil kreve kunnskap om både positive og negative effekter som dette kan få på det marine økosystemet. Gjennom prosjektet KELPPRO vil denne studien omhandle den effekten et taredyrkingsanlegg med sukkertare (Saccharina latissima – Linnaeus) kan ha på det marine miljøet. I denne studien vil det bli gjort en vurdering av anleggets potensielle rolle som kunstig habitat, «kunstig tareskog», og hvorvidt samfunnene man finner her gjenspeiler det man finner i naturlig tareskog. I tillegg vil taredyrkingsanleggets rolle som medium for uønskede, truede og sårbare arter blir undersøkt. For å gjennomføre studien ble taredyrkingsanlegget til Seaweed Energy Solutions på Frøya utenfor Trondheim undersøkt. Det ble utført feltarbeid i tre perioder, henholdsvis april, september og november 2019. Det ble satt ut faunafeller og fiskegarn i taredyrkingsanlegget, naturlig sukkertareskog, naturlig stortareskog og i en vannmassekontroll. Dette ble gjort før og etter høstingen av tare i anlegget. I tillegg ble det hentet inn tareplanter fra anlegget og de naturlige tareskogene på våren. Vekstperioden til sukkertaren i anlegget ble undersøkt for å kunne si om den spiller inn på den økologiske funksjonen til anlegget. Resultatene viser at taredyrkingsanlegget har en økologisk funksjon som et kunstig habitat, men samfunnet likner mer på den naturlige stortareskogen som vokste rett rundt anlegget enn den naturlige sukkertareskogen, som lå et stykke unna. Det tomme anlegget hadde stor forekomst av den fremmede arten Caprella mutica (Schurin). Feltarbeidet i november hadde som mål å sammenligne forskjellige kunstige substrater man finner på blant annet lakseoppdrettsanlegg, taredyrkingsanlegg og brygger i området rundt taredyrkingsanlegget for å undersøke forekomsten av C. mutica. Resultatene viser at C. mutica har høyest forekomst i taredyrkingsanlegget, men også høy forekomst på andre akvakulturrekvisitter. Resultatene fra denne studien vil bidra til kunnskap om taredyrkingsanleggs økologiske rolle i det marine miljø. Dette vil være viktig for forvaltningen av industrien, nå, og i en framtid med en potensiell oppskalering av industrien. Dette gjelder både med tanke på hvor man skal plassere et taredyrkingsanlegg og hva slags materialer man bør bruke for å forhindre spredning av fremmede arter.

• Wrobel, Agnieszka & Linke, Dirk (2019). Structural and functional studies of the Yersinia ruckeri inverse autotransporters. Universitetet i Oslo.
• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda (2019). Tooth wear of calf mandibles from the Icelandic ZooArch reference collection. Agricultural University of Iceland. ISSN 978‐9979‐881‐92‐6. 121(121). Vis sammendrag

  This report documents the wear stages of mandibular teeth of the calf skeletons in the Icelandic ZooArch reference collection. The purpose of the data collection is to refine the aging of cattle mandibles from very young animals, as a part of Lena Strid’s PhD project on vellum production and use in Scandinavia in the medieval period. Currently, there are two complete calf (Bos taurus) skeletons in the Icelandic ZooArch reference collections from individuals with known age at death. Both calves are of the Icelandic cattle breed and come from the Agricultural University of Iceland (AUI) Dairy Farm, Hvanneyrarbúið. Full information about each specimen can be found in Table 3.The skeletons were prepared by first being de‐fleshed and then cleaned with water maceration as is the standard preparation method for the IcelandicZooArch reference collection (Pálsdóttir & Skúladóttir, 2016, 2018). Tooth wear was recorded for right and left mandibles from both individual following Grant (1982). The mandibles were also photographed from various angles with a scale

• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda & Smith, Kevin P. (2019). Zooarchaeological analysis of bones from Hallmundarhellir cave. Agricultural University of Iceland. ISSN 978-9979-881-56-8. 85(85).
• Smith, Kevin P.; Ólafsson, Guðmundur; Palsdottir, Albina Hulda & Sigurðsson, Magnús (2019). Hallmundarhellir Cave: Report of Investigations, 2017. . Haffenreffer Museum of Anthropology, Brown University. Vis sammendrag

  Hallmundarhellir is one of eight caves within western Iceland’s Hallmundarhraun lava field that are known to contain archaeological remains. The site was discovered in 1956 by its landowner, Stefán Kalmansson of Kalmanstunga, and was briefly investigated by Gísli Gestsson in 1958. On July 27, 2017 we revisited Hallmundarhellir with a film crew; mapped it; took samples for radiocarbon dating, aDNA analysis, and zooarchaeological evaluation; and re-assessed its condition, its archaeological remains, and Gestsson’s pioneering interpretations. Gestsson’s report, published in 1960, was the only archaeological documentation of this important site before our visit. In the absence of radiocarbon dates or diagnostic objects, he interpreted it as a Viking Age outlaw shelter, and perhaps the model for Hallmundur’s lair in Grettir’s Saga. As such, Hallmundarhellir not only entered the archaeological record as a Viking Age outlaw site but also entered into debates about the historicity of the Íslendingasögur and the ways saga authors framed their scenes. Our investigations documented that the site’s archaeological features and deposits remain intact, but the cave’s walls and ceiling are fragile. Sand blowing in from outwash plains below Langjökull and Eiríksjökull already covers the site’s floor and will choke its entrance soon. We determined that Gestsson’s mapping was accurate but under-estimated the number of archaeological features and the site’s complexity. Our evaluation of the site’s faunal assemblage suggests that it is unusually composed of bones from just sheep or sheep/goats. No horse teeth (mentioned in Gestsson’s report) were identified, nor were any additional artifacts seen or recovered. Five AMS dates on sheep bones from the site indicate that it was built and used during the late-12th through mid-13th century, the so-called Age of the Sturlungs. Our investigations, therefore, indicate that Hallmundarhellir remains in good shape but is endangered. Rather than being a Viking Age outlaw shelter, it represents a new type of site from the Sturlung era.

• Palsdottir, Albina Hulda & Skarphéðinsson, Indriði (2019). The Animal Bones from Litlibær, Nes, Iceland. . Agricultural University of Iceland. ISSN 978-9979-881-78-0. 107(107). Vis sammendrag

  At Litlibær in Nes Iceland a small fisherman’s cottage, built around 1900 turned summerhouse and abandoned in the 1930s, was excavated. The total number of bones recorded in the Litlibær archaeofauna was 1135 (TNF) and the number of identified specimens (NISP) was 907. The range of species found at Litlibær was quite wide for a collection of such a modest size indicating that the inhabitants of Litlibær made good use of the wild animal resources available to them around the coast. The domestic mammal group is dominated by bones from sheep/goat. A small number of cattle bones was found at the site but interestingly most of them come from the lower limbs of very young calves. The collection included two rat bones which are rare finds in Iceland. The collection included a single human molar with cavity. The bird bones from Litlibær reflect the coastal location of the site and show that the inhabitants routinely hunted sea birds for food. They also likely kept chickens. The fish bone from Litlibær mostly consists of gadid bones with haddock (Melanogramus aeglfinus) and cod (Gadus morhua) being most common. A few flatfish bones were also found at the site, size and elements found indicate subsistence fishing.

• Nielsen, Anders; Dolmen, Dag; Höglund, Jacob; Kausrud, Kyrre; Malmstrøm, Martin & Taugbøl, Annette [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2019). Assessment of the risk to Norwegian biodiversity from the pathogenic fungi Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal). Opinion of the Panel on Alien Organisms and Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) of the Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment. Norwegian Scientific Committee for Food and Environment (VKM). ISSN 978-82-8259-320-5. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Smit, Cecilie; Bekkby, Trine; Gundersen, Hege & Fredriksen, Stein (2018). Hva påvirker variasjon i tetthet av stortare Laminaria hyperborea langs Norges kyst? En analyse fra Norskehavet sør til Skagerrak. Universitetet i Oslo. Vis sammendrag

  Stortare er biomassemessig den mest dominerende tarearten i Norge og danner undersjøiske skoger langs hele kysten. Stortareskogen utgjør et tredimensjonalt habitat med mangfoldige nisjer, som gir grunnlag for et rikt biologisk mangfold av både små og store alger og dyr. Tidligere studier på stortare har fokusert på utbredelse, produksjon, vekst, mortalitet og biomasse. For enkelte områder er sammenhengen mellom variasjon i tetthet og miljøvariable undersøkt. I Norge er utbredelsen av stortare grundig undersøkt med tanke på tetthet og stående biomasse gjennom dykkerundersøkelser. Arten er også relativt godt kartlagt langs hele kysten ved hjelp av romlige prediksjonsmodeller. Basert på et nasjonalt datasett, ble variasjon i tetthet av stortare analysert langs de fysiske miljøgradientene: feltregistrert dyp, bølgeeksponering, terrengforhold, lysforhold, salinitet, temperatur og strømstyrke, samt interaksjonene mellom dyp og bølgeeksponering og bølgeeksponering og strømstyrke. Studieområdet strakte seg over fire økoregioner langs norskekysten fra Brønnøysund på Helgelandskysten til Tjøme i Oslofjorden. Tetthetsobservasjoner og registrering av dyp ble gjort fra båt ved bruk av vannkikkert og undervannskamera med dybdesensor. Hver observasjon ble tilknyttet modellerte verdier for bølgeeksponering, terrengforhold, lysforhold, strømstyrke, salinitet og temperatur for å undersøke hvordan disse miljøvariablene påvirker variasjon i tetthet av stortareskog. De statistiske analysene ble utført ved hjelp av kumulative link-modeller og modellseleksjon ble gjort ved hjelp av rangerte AIC-verdier. De viktigste miljøvariablene for å predikere variasjon i tetthet av tareskog var, i synkende rekkefølge, feltregistrert dyp, bølgeeksponering, interaksjonen mellom bølger og dyp, strømstyrke, temperatur, skråning, interaksjonen mellom bølger og strøm og kurvatur. Resultatene viste at den tette stortareskogen befinner seg fra lavvannsgrensen og ned til gjennomsnittlig 11,5 m. Dypere ned blir det glissent med tareplanter og nedre voksegrense ble funnet ved 35,6 meter. Sannsynligheten for tett tareskog øker med økt bølgeeksponering. I interaksjon med dyp har bølgeeksponering størst positiv effekt på middels dyp. Både på grunna og på de dypeste stasjonene er det antageligvis tilgjengeligheten av lys som er bestemmende for tettheten av stortare. Høy strømstyrke virker negativt på tett tareskog, men ved lavere strøm er det sannsynlighet for å finne alle tettheter av stortare. I interaksjon med bølgeeksponering får økt strømstyrke først en negativ effekt der det også er mye bølger. I beskyttede områder er det lite tare uavhengig av strømforholdene. De optimale terrengforholdene for tett tareskog i denne studien var flate eller svakt skrånende områder, og nedsenkninger i terrenget. Når det blir brattere skråning og topper i terrenget finnes det enkeltplanter, men sannsynligheten for fravær av stortare øker. Videre studier på variasjon i tetthet av stortareskog er ønsket da det er den tette tareskogen som tilbyr størst biologisk mangfold og flest økosystemtjenester for oss mennesker. Det er av interesse å få mer kunnskap om dette både for å bevare biologisk mangfold og for eventuell utnyttelse av stortare som ressurs. For å kunne få enda mer detaljert kunnskap om miljøvariablenes effekt på variasjon i tetthet av stortare er det nødvendig med tilsvarende heldekkende modeller, men med høyere oppløsning, da dette kan vise tydeligere mønstre i småskala forhold, særlig med tanke på strømstyrke, salinitet og temperatur.

• Aasebø, Ida Elisabeth Jørgensen; Fyhn, Marianne; Hafting, Torkel & Einevoll, Gaute (2018). Behavioural state and neuronal activity: how the freely moving paradigm can uncover novel response characteristics. Universitetet i Oslo.

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