Dirk Linke

• Campaña Perilla, Ana Lucia; Joudeh, Nadeem; Høyer, Henrik; Røyne, Anja; Linke, Dirk & Mikheenko, Pavlo (2020). Probing van der Waals and magnetic forces in bacteria with magnetic nanoparticles, In  2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on “Nanomaterials: Applications & Properties” (NAP – 2020).  IEEE.  ISBN 978-1-7281-8506-4.  Article.  s 01NSSA03-1 - 01NSSA03-5 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Bioinspired metal-based nanoparticles have potential uses in many applications, but before a possible commercial exploitation, it is important to clarify the pathways of their production and deposition inside the organisms, for example in bacteria. The technique of magnetic force microscopy (MFM) could be used to evaluate the nanoparticles magnetic properties, in addition to allowing tracing their location inside or outside of bacteria, which could help to understand pathways of their biosynthesis. In this work, using MFM and analyzing the interaction of magnetic tip with nanoparticles and bacteria imbedded in resin at different heights above the surface, and comparing gradients of forces recorded by magnetic and non-magnetic tips, a condition was found, which allows to measure pure magnetic response of Pd-Fe nanoparticles. For these nanoparticles, the interplay between magnetic and van der Waals forces is described at small distances to the surface. Experimental data are compared with simulations, based on the calculation of the distribution of magnetic field around a nanoparticle, which defines magnetic force acting on the MFM tip.

• Claxton, James; Joudeh, Nadeem; Røyne, Anja; Linke, Dirk & Mikheenko, Pavlo (2020). Sequential magnetic mapping of bacteria loaded with Pd-Fe nanoparticles, In  2020 IEEE 10th International Conference on “Nanomaterials: Applications & Properties” (NAP – 2020).  IEEE.  ISBN 978-1-7281-8506-4.  Article.  s 01NIC01-1 - 01NIC01-5 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Magnetic nanoparticles are of widespread use in nanotechnology. One of the most unusual are magnetic palladium nanoparticles that combine magnetism with high catalytic activity. These nanoparticles could be obtained biologically by exposing bacteria to a palladium salt. Due to their small size and weak magnetism, however, it is challenging to measure their magnetic properties. One of the solutions to enhance their magnetism is to incorporate a small amount of iron atoms into them. After this procedure, the nanoparticles together with bacteria can be embedded in resin and characterized by the technique of magnetic force microscopy. This technique allows imaging cross-sections of the bacteria with nanoparticles, but cannot give information from the depth of the sample. Here we report on an approach partially solving this problem. Its novelty lies in measurements of consecutive thin slices of resin, which allows mapping cross-sections of individual bacteria and different parts of the material surrounding the same bacterium. An interesting observed feature is the formation of magnetic chains of nanoparticles outside of the bacteria.

• Hatlem, Daniel; Trunk, Thomas; Linke, Dirk & Leo, Jack Christopher (2020). Catching a SPY: Using the SpyCatcher-SpyTag and Related Systems for Labeling and Localizing Bacterial Proteins, In JH Leitao (ed.),  Microbial Virulence Factors.  MDPI.  ISBN 978-3-03936-946-1.  Kapittel 18.  s 371 - 400 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Ryoo, David; Rydmark, Marcella Orwick; Pang, Yui Tik; Lundquist, Karl P; Linke, Dirk & Gumbart, James C (2020). BamA is required for autotransporter secretion. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - General Subjects.  ISSN 0304-4165.  1864(7), s 1- 8 . doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129581
• Stephan, Mareike; Broeker, Nina; Saragliadis, Athanasios; Roos, Norbert; Linke, Dirk & Barbirz, Stefanie (2020). In vitro Analysis of O-Antigen-Specific Bacteriophage P22 Inactivation by Salmonella Outer Membrane Vesicles. Frontiers in Microbiology.  ISSN 1664-302X.  11 . doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.510638 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Wróbel, Agnieszka Ewelina; Saragliadis, Athanasios; Pérez-Ortega, Jesús; Sittman, Carolin; Göttig, Stephan; Liskiewicz, Krystyna Anna; Spence, Maria Helle; Schneider, Kenneth; Leo, Jack Christopher; Arenas, Jesús & Linke, Dirk (2020). The inverse autotransporters of Yersinia ruckeri, YrInv and YrIlm, contribute to biofilm formation and virulence. Environmental Microbiology.  ISSN 1462-2912.  22(7), s 2939- 2955 . doi: 10.1111/1462-2920.15051 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Chauhan, Nandini; Hatlem, Daniel; Rydmark, Marcella Orwick; Schneider, Kenneth; Flötenmeyer, Matthias; Van Rossum, Barth-J; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2019). Insights into the autotransport process of a trimeric autotransporter, Yersinia Adhesin A (YadA). Molecular Microbiology.  ISSN 0950-382X.  111(3), s 844- 862 . doi: 10.1111/mmi.14195 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Aoki, S.; Yoshimoto, Shogo; Ishikawa, M; Linke, Dirk; Lupas, Andrei & Hori, Katsutoshi (2019). Native display of a huge homotrimeric protein fiber on the cell surface after precise domain deletion. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering.  ISSN 1389-1723.  s 1- 6 . doi: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.09.022
• Finke, Sarah; Fagerlund, Annette; Smith, Veronika; Krogstad, Veronica; Zhang, Mimmi Jingxi; Saragliadis, Athanasios; Linke, Dirk; Nielsen-Leroux, Christina & Økstad, Ole Andreas (2019). Bacillus thuringiensis CbpA is a collagen binding cell surface protein under c-di-GMP control. The Cell Surface.  ISSN 2468-2330.  5, s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2019.100032 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Hatlem, Daniel; Trunk, Thomas; Linke, Dirk & Leo, Jack Christopher (2019). Catching a SPY: Using the SpyCatcher-SpyTag and Related Systems for Labeling and Localizing Bacterial Proteins. International Journal of Molecular Sciences.  ISSN 1422-0067.  20(9), s 1- 19 . doi: 10.3390/ijms20092129 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  The SpyCatcher-SpyTag system was developed seven years ago as a method for protein ligation. It is based on a modified domain from a Streptococcus pyogenes surface protein (SpyCatcher), which recognizes a cognate 13-amino-acid peptide (SpyTag). Upon recognition, the two form a covalent isopeptide bond between the side chains of a lysine in SpyCatcher and an aspartate in SpyTag. This technology has been used, among other applications, to create covalently stabilized multi-protein complexes, for modular vaccine production, and to label proteins (e.g., for microscopy). The SpyTag system is versatile as the tag is a short, unfolded peptide that can be genetically fused to exposed positions in target proteins; similarly, SpyCatcher can be fused to reporter proteins such as GFP, and to epitope or purification tags. Additionally, an orthogonal system called SnoopTag-SnoopCatcher has been developed from an S. pneumoniae pilin that can be combined with SpyCatcher-SpyTag to produce protein fusions with multiple components. Furthermore, tripartite applications have been produced from both systems allowing the fusion of two peptides by a separate, catalytically active protein unit, SpyLigase or SnoopLigase. Here, we review the current state of the SpyCatcher-SpyTag and related technologies, with a particular emphasis on their use in vaccine development and in determining outer membrane protein localization and topology of surface proteins in bacteria.

• Meuskens, Ina; Saragliadis, Athanasios; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2019). Type V secretion systems: An overview of passenger domain functions. Frontiers in Microbiology.  ISSN 1664-302X.  10, s 1- 19 . doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01163 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Micenková, Lenka; Bosak, Juraj; Kucera, Jiri; Hrala, Matej; Dolejsova, Tereza; Sedo, Ondrej; Linke, Dirk; Fiser, Radovan & Smajs, David (2019). Colicin Z, a structurally and functionally novel colicin type that selectively kills enteroinvasive Escherichia coli and Shigella strains. Scientific Reports.  ISSN 2045-2322.  9(1), s 1- 12 . doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-47488-8 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Munoz Gonzalez, Florencia; Sycz, Gabriela; Alonso Paiva, Ivan M; Linke, Dirk; Zorreguieta, Angeles; Baldi, Pablo C & Ferrero, Mariana C (2019). The BtaF Adhesin Is Necessary for Full Virulence During Respiratory Infection by Brucella suis and Is a Novel Immunogen for Nasal Vaccination Against Brucella Infection. Frontiers in Immunology.  ISSN 1664-3224.  10, s 1- 16 . doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01775 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Saragliadis, Athanasios & Linke, Dirk (2019). Assay development for the discovery of small-molecule inhibitors of YadA adhesion to collagen. The Cell Surface.  ISSN 2468-2330.  5, s 1- 11 . doi: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2019.100025 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Thibau, Arno; Dichter, Alexander A.; Vaca, Diana J.; Linke, Dirk; Goldman, Adrian & Kempf, Volkhard A.J. (2019). Immunogenicity of trimeric autotransporter adhesins and their potential as vaccine targets. Medical Microbiology and Immmunology.  ISSN 0300-8584.  209, s 243- 263 . doi: 10.1007/s00430-019-00649-y Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Tørresen, Ole K.; Star, Bastiaan; Mier, Pablo; Andrade-Navarro, Miguel A.; Bateman, Alex; Jarnot, Patryk; Gruca, Aleksandra; Grynberg, Marcin; Kajava, Andrey V.; Promponas, Vasilis J.; Anisimova, Maria; Jakobsen, Kjetill Sigurd & Linke, Dirk (2019). Tandem repeats lead to sequence assembly errors and impose multi-level challenges for genome and protein databases. Nucleic Acids Research.  ISSN 0305-1048.  47(21), s 10994- 11006 . doi: 10.1093/nar/gkz841 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Weidensdorfer, Marko; Ishikawa, Masahito; Hori, Katsutoshi; Linke, Dirk; Djahanshiri, Bardya; Iruegas, Ruben; Ebersberger, Ingo; Riedel-Christ, Sara; Enders, Giulia; Leukert, Laura; Kraiczy, Peter; Rothweiler, Florian; Cinatl, Jindrich; Berger, Jürgen; Hipp, Katharina; Kempf, Volkhard A.J. & Gottig, Stephan (2019). The Acinetobacter trimeric autotransporter adhesin Ata controls key virulence traits of Acinetobacter baumannii. Virulence.  ISSN 2150-5594.  10(1), s 68- 81 . doi: 10.1080/21505594.2018.1558693 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Wróbel, Agnieszka Ewelina; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2019). Overcoming fish defences: The virulence factors of Yersinia ruckeri. Genes.  ISSN 2073-4425.  10(9), s 1- 20 . doi: 10.3390/genes10090700 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Yersinia ruckeri is the causative agent of enteric redmouth disease, a bacterial infection of marine and freshwater fish. The disease mainly affects salmonids, and outbreaks have significant economic impact on fish farms all over the world. Vaccination routines are in place against the major serotypes of Y. ruckeri but are not effective in all cases. Despite the economic importance of enteric redmouth disease, a detailed molecular understanding of the disease is lacking. A considerable number of mostly omics-based studies have been performed in recent years to identify genes related to Y. ruckeri virulence. This review summarizes the knowledge on Y. ruckeri virulence factors. Understanding the molecular pathogenicity of Y. ruckeri will aid in developing more efficient vaccines and antimicrobial compounds directed against enteric redmouth disease.

• Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2018). A unified model for BAM function that takes into account type Vc secretion and species differences in BAM composition. AIMS Microbiology.  ISSN 2471-1888.  4(3), s 455- 468 . doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2018.3.455 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Transmembrane proteins in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria are almost exclusively β-barrels. They are inserted into the outer membrane by a conserved and essential protein complex called the BAM (for β-barrel assembly machinery). In this commentary, we summarize current research into the mechanism of this protein complex and how it relates to type V secretion. Type V secretion systems are autotransporters that all contain a β-barrel transmembrane domain inserted by BAM. In type Vc systems, this domain is a homotrimer. We argue that none of the current models are sufficient to explain BAM function particularly regarding type Vc secretion. We also find that current models based on the well-studied model system Escherichia coli mostly ignore the pronounced differences in BAM composition between different bacterial species. We propose a more holistic view on how all OMPs, including autotransporters, are incorporated into the lipid bilayer.

• Wrobel, Agnieszka; Ottoni, Claudio; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2018). pYR4 From a Norwegian Isolate of Yersinia ruckeri Is a Putative Virulence Plasmid Encoding Both a Type IV Pilus and a Type IV Secretion System. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.  ISSN 2235-2988.  8, s 1- 14 . doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00373 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Enteric redmouth disease caused by the pathogen Yersinia ruckeri is a significant problem for fish farming around the world. Despite its importance, only a few virulence factors of Y. ruckeri have been identified and studied in detail. Here, we report and analyze the complete DNA sequence of pYR4, a plasmid from a highly pathogenic Norwegian Y. ruckeri isolate, sequenced using PacBio SMRT technology. Like the well-known pYV plasmid of human pathogenic Yersiniae, pYR4 is a member of the IncFII family. Thirty-one percent of the pYR4 sequence is unique compared to other Y. ruckeri plasmids. The unique regions contain, among others genes, a large number of mobile genetic elements and two partitioning systems. The G+C content of pYR4 is higher than that of the Y. ruckeri NVH_3758 genome, indicating its relatively recent horizontal acquisition. pYR4, as well as the related plasmid pYR3, comprises operons that encode for type IV pili and for a conjugation system (tra). In contrast to other Yersinia plasmids, pYR4 cannot be cured at elevated temperatures. Our study highlights the power of PacBio sequencing technology for identifying mis-assembled segments of genomic sequences. Comparative analysis of pYR4 and other Y. ruckeri plasmids and genomes, which were sequenced by second and the third generation sequencing technologies, showed errors in second generation sequencing assemblies. Specifically, in the Y. ruckeri 150 and Y. ruckeri ATCC29473 genome assemblies, we mapped the entire pYR3 plasmid sequence. Placing plasmid sequences on the chromosome can result in erroneous biological conclusions. Thus, PacBio sequencing or similar long-read methods should always be preferred for de novo genome sequencing. As the tra operons of pYR3, although misplaced on the chromosome during the genome assembly process, were demonstrated to have an effect on virulence, and type IV pili are virulence factors in many bacteria, we suggest that pYR4 directly contributes to Y. ruckeri virulence.

• Meuskens, Ina; Michalik, Marcin; Chauhan, Nandini; Linke, Dirk & Leo, Jack Christopher (2017). A New Strain Collection for Improved Expression of Outer Membrane Proteins. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.  ISSN 2235-2988.  7 . doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00464 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv. Vis sammendrag

  Almost all integral membrane proteins found in the outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria belong to the transmembrane β-barrel family. These proteins are not only important for nutrient uptake and homeostasis, but are also involved in such processes as adhesion, protein secretion, biofilm formation, and virulence. As surface exposed molecules, outer membrane β-barrel proteins are also potential drug and vaccine targets. High production levels of heterologously expressed proteins are desirable for biochemical and especially structural studies, but over-expression and subsequent purification of membrane proteins, including outer membrane proteins, can be challenging. Here, we present a set of deletion mutants derived from E. coli BL21(DE3) designed for the over-expression of recombinant outer membrane proteins. These strains harbor deletions of four genes encoding abundant β-barrel proteins in the outer membrane (OmpA, OmpC, OmpF, and LamB), both single and in all combinations of double, triple, and quadruple knock-outs. The sequences encoding these outer membrane proteins were deleted completely, leaving only a minimal scar sequence, thus preventing the possibility of genetic reversion. Expression tests in the quadruple mutant strain with four test proteins, including a small outer membrane β-barrel protein and variants thereof as well as two virulence-related autotransporters, showed significantly improved expression and better quality of the produced proteins over the parent strain. Differences in growth behavior and aggregation in the presence of high salt were observed, but these phenomena did not negatively influence the expression in the quadruple mutant strain when handled as we recommend. The strains produced in this study can be used for outer membrane protein production and purification, but are also uniquely useful for labeling experiments for biophysical measurements in the native membrane environment.

• Michalik, Marcin; Rydmark, Marcella Orwick; Habeck, Michael; Alva, Vikram; Arnold, Thomas & Linke, Dirk (2017). An evolutionarily conserved glycine-tyrosine motif forms a folding core in outer membrane proteins. PLOS ONE.  ISSN 1932-6203.  12(8) . doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182016 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Mühlenkamp, Melanie C.; Hallstrom, Teresia; Autenrieth, Ingo B.; Bohn, Erwin; Linke, Dirk; Rinker, Janina; Riesbeck, Kristian; Singh, Birendra; Leo, Jack Christopher; Hammerschmidt, Sven; Zipfel, Peter F. & Schütz, Monika (2017). Vitronectin binds to a specific stretch within the head region of yersinia adhesin a and thereby modulates yersinia enterocolitica host interaction. Journal of Innate Immunity.  ISSN 1662-811X.  9(1), s 33- 51 . doi: 10.1159/000449200 Fulltekst i vitenarkiv.
• Wrobel, Agnieszka; Ottoni, Claudio; Leo, Jack Christopher; Gulla, Snorre & Linke, Dirk (2017). The repeat structure of two paralogous genes, Yersinia ruckeri invasin (yrInv) and a “Y. ruckeri invasin-like molecule”, (yrIlm) sheds light on the evolution of adhesive capacities of a fish pathogen.. Journal of Structural Biology.  ISSN 1047-8477.  201(2), s 171- 183 . doi: 10.1016/j.jsb.2017.08.008

Se alle arbeider i Cristin

• Campaña Perilla, Ana Lucia; Joudeh, Nadeem; Høyer, Henrik; Røyne, Anja; Linke, Dirk & Mikheenko, Pavlo (2020). Probing van der Waals and magnetic forces in bacteria with magnetic nanoparticles. Vis sammendrag

  Bioinspired metal-based nanoparticles have potential uses in many applications, but before a possible commercial exploitation, it is important to clarify the pathways of their production and deposition inside the organisms, for example in bacteria. The technique of magnetic force microscopy (MFM) could be used to evaluate the nanoparticles magnetic properties, in addition to allowing tracing their location inside or outside of bacteria, which could help to understand pathways of their biosynthesis. In this work, using MFM and analyzing the interaction of magnetic tip with nanoparticles and bacteria imbedded in resin at different heights above the surface, and comparing gradients of forces recorded by magnetic and non-magnetic tips, a condition was found, which allows to measure pure magnetic response of Pd-Fe nanoparticles. For these nanoparticles, the interplay between magnetic and van der Waals forces is described at small distances to the surface. Experimental data are compared with simulations, based on the calculation of the distribution of magnetic field around a nanoparticle, which defines magnetic force acting on the MFM tip.

• Claxton, James; Joudeh, Nadeem; Røyne, Anja; Linke, Dirk & Mikheenko, Pavlo (2020). Sequential magnetic mapping of bacteria loaded with Pd-Fe nanoparticles. Vis sammendrag

  Magnetic nanoparticles are of widespread use in nanotechnology. One of the most unusual are magnetic palladium nanoparticles that combine magnetism with high catalytic activity. These nanoparticles could be obtained biologically by exposing bacteria to a palladium salt. Due to their small size and weak magnetism, however, it is challenging to measure their magnetic properties. One of the solutions to enhance their magnetism is to incorporate a small amount of iron atoms into them. After this procedure, the nanoparticles together with bacteria can be embedded in resin and characterized by the technique of magnetic force microscopy. This technique allows imaging cross-sections of the bacteria with nanoparticles, but cannot give information from the depth of the sample. Here we report on an approach partially solving this problem. Its novelty lies in measurements of consecutive thin slices of resin, which allows mapping cross-sections of individual bacteria and different parts of the material surrounding the same bacterium. An interesting observed feature is the formation of magnetic chains of nanoparticles outside of the bacteria.

• Linke, Dirk (2020). Biofilm-forming adhesins of the fish pathogen Yersinia ruckeri.
• Linke, Dirk (2020, 04. desember). Dette munnbindet skal drepe koronaviruset. [Internett].  TV2 website. Vis sammendrag

  This interview is about the antimicrobial effect of copper particles in facemasks

• Linke, Dirk (2020). LPS-Binding Peptides: New Tools for Endotoxin Detection and Removal?.
• Linke, Dirk (2020, 01. desember). Norsk kobber inn i kampen mot koronaviruset: verdens første selvrensende munnbind. [Internett].  Nordox website.
• Linke, Dirk (2020). Palladium nanoparticles made by bacteria.
• Ryoo, David; Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Pang, Y; Lundqvist, Daniel; Linke, Dirk & Gumbart, JC (2020). Quantitative Comparisons of Competing Models of Autotransporter Passenger-Domain Secretion.
• Thibau, Arno; Vaca, Diana; Linke, Dirk & Kempf, Volkhard A.J. (2020). Analysing the fibronectin binding properties of Bartonella henselae adhesin A.
• Hatlem, Daniel; Chauhan, Nandini; Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Schneider, Kenneth; Flötenmeyer, Matthias; Van Rossum, Barth-J; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2019). Insights into the autotransport of a trimeric autotransporter.
• Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Lindemann, Florian; Chauhan, Nandini; Yarava, J; Oschkinat, Hartmut; Van Rossum, Barth-J & Linke, Dirk (2019). In situ structural and dynamic analysis of a membrane protein.
• Chauhan, Nandini; Hatlem, Daniel; Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Schneider, Kenneth; Linke, Dirk & Leo, Jack Christopher (2019). Using the SpyCatcher-SpyTag technology for topology mapping of outer membrane proteins in Gram-negative bacteria.
• Chowdhury, Sounak; Happonen, Lotta Johanna; Linke, Dirk & Malmström, Johan (2019). QUANTITATIVE AFFINITY-PURIFICATION AND SURFACE-ADSORPTION MASS SPECTROMETRY TO MAP STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES AND HUMAN PROTEIN INTERACTION.
• Joudeh, Nadeem & Linke, Dirk (2019). Bio-engineered Palladium Nanoparticles.
• Joudeh, Nadeem & Linke, Dirk (2019). Bio-engineered Pd Nanoparticles.
• Joudeh, Nadeem; Røyne, Anja; Mikheenko, Pavlo & Linke, Dirk (2019). Bio-Engineered Palladium Nanoparticles (BEDPAN).
• Kandanur, Sai Priya Sarma; Linke, Dirk & Leo, Jack Christopher (2019). Hairpin Formation and Passenger Secretion in the Inverse Autotransporter Intimin.
• Leukert, L; Weidensdorfer, M; Djahanshiri, Bardya; Linke, Dirk; Kempf, Volkhard A.J. & Gottig, Stephan (2019). The Acinetobacter Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesin Ata Controls Key Virulence Traits of Acinetobacter baumannii.
• Leva, Juan; Meuskens, Ina; Gibson, Timothy M.; Linke, Dirk & Millner, Paul (2019). Biosensors for pathogen detection.
• Linke, Dirk (2019). Autotransporter Adhesins in the fish pathogen Yersinia ruckeri.
• Linke, Dirk (2019). Insights into the autotransport process of a trimeric autotransporter, YadA.
• Linke, Dirk (2019). The Gram-Negative Bacterial Cell Surface: How to Study Its Protein Components and How to Remove Endotoxin.
• Linke, Dirk (2019). Type V secretion: membrane transport and anchoring of bacterial adhesins.
• Linke, Dirk & Joudeh, Nadeem (2019, 15. desember). Centre for Digital Life helps researchers right out of the gate (Senter for digitalt liv hjelper forskere ut av innovasjonsstartgropa). [Internett].  Center For Digital Life - Website.
• Linke, Dirk & Saragliadis, Athanasios (2019). Bacterial adhesion to living and non-living surfaces.
• Meuskens, Ina; Higson, Seamus & Linke, Dirk (2019). Innovative training networks: a new way of collaboration-propped PhD training. Medical Microbiology and Immmunology.  ISSN 0300-8584.  209, s 215- 216 . doi: 10.1007/s00430-019-00647-0
• Meuskens, Ina; Leva, Juan; Millner, Paul & Linke, Dirk (2019). Differential Adhesion of Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesins to Extracellular Matrix Proteins.
• Meuskens, Ina & Linke, Dirk (2019). Binding of Yersinia Ahesin A to ECM molecules: a biosensor approach.
• Mikheenko, Pavlo; Mikheenko, Iryna; Joudeh, Nadeem; Claxton, J. B.; Røyne, Anja & Linke, Dirk (2019). Imaging magnetism of biologically produced palladium nanoparticles.
• Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Chauhan, Nandini; Van Rossum, Barth-J & Linke, Dirk (2019). Towards the structure of the YadA anchor domain in the native membrane.
• Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella & Linke, Dirk (2019, 05. juni). A novel antibiotic idea: Preventing bacterial stickiness. [Internett].  international.
• Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Van Rossum, Barth-J; Oschkinat, Hartmut & Linke, Dirk (2019). Towards the in situ structure of the Yersinia Adhesin A membrane anchor domain.
• Røsjø, Bjarne; Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Linke, Dirk; Leo, Jack Christopher & Hatlem, Daniel (2019, 13. mai). Ny antibiotika-idé: Vil hindre bakteriene i å feste seg. [Internett].  TITAN.NO.
• Saragliadis, Athanasios & Linke, Dirk (2019). Assay development for the discovery of small-molecule inhibitors of YadA adhesion to collagen.
• Saragliadis, Athanasios & Linke, Dirk (2019). Screening for small-molecule inhibitors of YadA adhesion to collagen.
• Thibau, Arno; Vaca, Diana; Linke, Dirk; Ballhorn, Wibke & Kempf, Volkhard A.J. (2019). Analysing the Fibronectin Binding Domain of the Bartonella henselae Adhesin A.
• Thibau, Arno; Vaca, Diana; Linke, Dirk & Kempf, Volkhard A.J. (2019). Analysing the fibronectin binding domain of the Bartonella henselae adhesin A.
• Tietgen, M; Weidensdorfer, M; Djahanshiri, Bardya; Linke, Dirk; Kempf, Volkhard A.J. & Gottig, Stephan (2019). Virulence of Acinetobacter baumannii depends on the Acinetobacter trimeric autotransporter adhesin Ata.
• Tietgen, M; Weidensdorfer, M; Leukert, L; Djahanshiri, Bardya; Iruegas, R; Ebersberger, Ingo; Linke, Dirk; Kempf, Volkhard A.J. & Gottig, Stephan (2019). Virulence of Acinetobacter baumannii depends on the Acinetobacter trimeric autotransporter adhesin (Ata).
• Balusek, Curtis; Linke, Dirk & Gumbart, JC (2018). The effect of beta-barrel geometry on ion conduction through Escherichia coli OmpX.
• Hatlem, Daniel; Chauhan, Nandini; Rydmark, Marcella Orwick; Schneider, Kenneth; Floetenmeyer, Matthias; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2018). Insights into the autotransporter process of a trimeric autotransporter, Yersinia Adhesin A (YadA).
• Hatlem, Daniel & Linke, Dirk (2018). Insights into the autotransporter process of a trimeric autotransporter, Yersinia Adhesin A (YadA).
• Joudeh, Nadeem; Leo, Jack Christopher; Torgeman, Eric & Linke, Dirk (2018). Mechanism of Palladium and Gold uptake and reduction in E. coli.
• Joudeh, Nadeem & Linke, Dirk (2018, 20. oktober). BEDPAN - Nanoparticles from Bacteria. [Internett].  Digital Life Website.
• Khalil, Hawzeen; Øgaard, Jonas; Linke, Dirk & Leo, Jack Christopher (2018). Co-aggregation properties of trimeric autotransporter adhesins.
• Leo, Jack Christopher; Oberhettinger, Philipp; Schuetz, Monika & Linke, Dirk (2018). Type Ve secretion: the mechanism of inverse autotransport.
• Leo, Jack Christopher; Schütz, Monika & Linke, Dirk (2018). Type Ve Secretion in Enterobacteria.
• Linke, Dirk (2018). Structural Biology of Membrane Proteins: Expression Tricks, and to Solubilize or Not to Solubilize.
• Linke, Dirk (2018). Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesins and routes to their inhibition.
• Linke, Dirk (2018, 25. mars). Vi må gjøre noe nå, før millioner av pasienter dør. [Internett].  Forsking.NO.
• Linke, Dirk & Meuskens, Ina (2018). Adhesion of Yersinia Adhesin A to Collagen.
• Linke, Dirk & Saragliadis, Athanasios (2018). Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesins - Understanding adhesive function and screening for inhibitors.
• Linke, Dirk & Saragliadis, Athanasios (2018). Trimeric Autotransporter Adhesins - understanding adhesive function and screening for inhibitors.
• Wrobel, Agnieszka; Ottoni, Claudio; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2018). The repeat structure of two paralogous genes, Yersinia ruckeri invasin (yrInv) and a “Y. ruckeri invasin-like molecule”, (yrIlm) sheds light on the evolution of adhesive capacities of a fish pathogen.
• Wrobel, Agnieszka; Saragliadis, Athanasios; Leo, Jack Christopher; Ottoni, Claudio & Linke, Dirk (2018). Type Ve autotransporters in Yersinia ruckeri.
• Økstad, Ole Andreas Løchen & Linke, Dirk (2018). Hvor farlig er antibiotikaresistens?. Ingeniørenes Stemme.  Vinter 2018, s 37- 37
• Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Chauhan, Nandini; Shahid, Shakeel & Linke, Dirk (2017). Solid-state NMR studies on Yersinia YadA: from autotransport to drug screening.
• Hatlem, Daniel; Leo, Jack Christopher; Saragliadis, Athanasios; Krengel, Ute & Linke, Dirk (2017). Bacterial adhesion: Characterization of trimeric autotransporter binding.
• Joudeh, Nadeem; Leo, Jack Christopher; Torgeman, Eric; Mikheenko, Pavlo & Linke, Dirk (2017). Mechanism of Palladium and Gold uptake and transport in E. coli.
• Joudeh, Nadeem & Linke, Dirk (2017). Mechanism of palladium and gold uptake and transport in E. coli.
• Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2017). Inverse autotransport: the mechanism of type Ve secretion​..
• Leo, Jack Christopher; Oberhettinger, Philipp; Schütz, Monika & Linke, Dirk (2017). Inverse autotransport: the mechanism of type Ve secretion.
• Linke, Dirk (2017). Do we have to purify membrane proteins? Solid-state NMR in the native membrane.
• Linke, Dirk (2017). Trimeric Autotransporter Evolution.
• Linke, Dirk (2017). Trimeric Autotrasnporter Adhesins: Stucture, Function, and Evolution.
• Linke, Dirk (2017). Trimeric autotransporter adhesins (TAAs) and routes to their inhibition.
• Linke, Dirk (2017). Type Ve secretion in Gram-negative Bacteria.
• Liskiewicz, Krystyna; Wrobel, Agnieszka; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2017). Identification of potential adhesin receptors from Yersinia ruckeri.
• Michalik, Marcin; Orwick-Rydmark, Marcella; Arnold, Thomas; Habeck, Michael & Linke, Dirk (2017). An evolutionarily conserved motif forms a folding core in Outer membrane proteins.
• Saragliadis, Athanasios & Linke, Dirk (2017). STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RELATIONSHIP IN BACTERIAL ADHESINS.
• Schneider, Kenneth; Haugen, Håvard Jostein & Linke, Dirk (2017). Assay Development: Adhesin Interaction with Implant Materials.
• Torgeman, Eric; Linke, Dirk & Leo, Jack Christopher (2017). Biosynthesis of gold and palladium nanoparticles via bacteria.
• Weidensdorfer, M; Linke, Dirk; Kempf, Volkhard A.J. & Gottig, Stephan (2017). Establishing of a dynamic human ex vivo infection model for analyzing endothelial adherence of Acinetobacter baumannii.
• Wrobel, Agnieszka; Leo, Jack Christopher; Ottoni, Claudio; Gulla, Snorre & Linke, Dirk (2017). Comparative structure-function analysis of adhesins from different Yersinia ruckeri strains.
• Wrobel, Agnieszka & Linke, Dirk (2017). The repeat structure of two paralogous invasin genes from Yersinia ruckeri sheds light on the evolution of adhesive capacities of a Fish pathogen.
• Wrobel, Agnieszka; Ottoni, Claudio; Leo, Jack Christopher & Linke, Dirk (2017). IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF INVERSE AUTOTRANSPORTERS FROM A FISH PATHOGEN, YERSINIA RUCKERI.

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