POLARIS – Geologisk utvikling i Arktis

• Thomas, Christine; Heyn, Björn Holger; Tölle, Lena & Tent, Rûna Van (2025). Investigating the D" Reflector Beneath the Indian Ocean with Source Arrays. SEISMICA. 4(2). doi: 10.26443/seismica.v4i2.1418. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  We used seismic P-wave reflections to search for the discontinuity at the top of the D" region beneath the Indian Ocean. Due to a lack of seismic receiver arrays to target this region, we build source arrays using earthquakes in Indonesia and taking advantage of the long-running history of GEOSCOPE stations located in the western Indian Ocean and Antarctica, as well as three additional stations (Seychelles and Antarctica). Despite restricting the earthquake depth range, source-array stacks were difficult to interpret due to complications arising from differing earthquake depths, violating the plane wave assumption. Therefore, we use a source-array scatter imaging method, that does not rely on travel-times calculated for a plane wave. Using this technique in conjunction with source normalization, we found evidence for a D" P-wave reflector for several stations with reflector depths varying between 230-160 km above the CMB South of Australia and 190 to 270 km above the CMB beneath the Indian Ocean, where the depth of the reflector in the north of our study area is consistent with previously imaged D" depths using S-waves and agrees with receiver array data. We suggest that earlier imaged subducted lithosphere in this region is responsible for our D" reflections.

• Smyrak-Sikora, Aleksandra; Betlem, Peter; Engelschiøn, Victoria Sjøholt; Foster, William J.; Grundvåg, Sten-Andreas & Jelby, Mads Engholm [Vis alle 26 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). Phanerozoic paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic evolution in Svalbard. Climate of the Past. ISSN 1814-9324. 21(11), s. 2133–2187. doi: 10.5194/cp-21-2133-2025. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Sedimentary rocks can provide information about the Earth paleoenvironment and are studied extensively to understand the causes and consequences of global climate changes in deep time. They facilitate long-time perspectives that constrain climate models and provide analogues for how Earth systems may respond to, and recover from, intervals of profound environmental change, including projected anthropogenic change. The Norwegian Svalbard archipelago offers an extensive Phanerozoic stratigraphic record that reflects the geological evolution of the northern flanks of continental assemblages that include Laurentia, Eurasia, and Pangea. Svalbard's Phanerozoic sedimentary and paleoclimatic archive is controlled largely by Svalbard's overall northward plate-tectonic motion from equatorial to high latitudes but also by regional to local formation of topography and basins in response to long-term plate reorganization, as well as the near- and far-field influence of large igneous province activity on the tectono-stratigraphic and paleoclimatic development. Various sedimentary and geochemical proxies, such as bentonite beds and carbon isotope excursions associated with the far-reaching environmental effects of the Siberian Traps, the High Arctic Large Igneous Province, and the North Atlantic Igneous Province, are present in Svalbard's near complete geological record. As such, Svalbard is unique in that these and numerous other global environmental perturbations are recorded within a relatively restricted study area, with most of the key events preserved and recorded in easily accessible drill cores and well-exposed outcrop sections. Here we review deep-time paleoenvironmental and paleoclimate research in Svalbard by summarizing 148 peer-reviewed scientific articles. The review builds on the well-established tectono-stratigraphic and lithostratigraphic framework, as well as state-of-the art environmental reconstructions, to provide insights into the Earth system during the Phanerozoic northward drift of Svalbard and the many major biotic crises in the geological past. We focus on globally significant events including (i) the expansion of Devonian vegetation, (ii) the Carboniferous–Permian response to icehouse conditions during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA), (iii) the End-Permian Mass Extinction (EPME) and the subsequent Triassic recovery, the (iv) Carnian Pluvial Episode, (v) Jurassic–Early Cretaceous climate perturbations including the Volgian Isotopic Carbon Excursion (VOICE) and the Aptian Ocean Anoxic Event 1a (OAE1a), and (vi) the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). We present and synthesize existing core and outcrop data that preserve biological and geochemical proxies and climate-sensitive sedimentary facies that reflect environmental change in terrestrial and marine settings. Finally, we discuss the Phanerozoic climate recorded in Svalbard and its role in providing high-latitude calibration points for several global paleoclimate events to provide a higher-latitude perspective to complement the dominance of mid- and low-latitude locations and datasets in the literature.

• Crameri, Fabio; Shephard, Grace & Heron, Philip J. (2024). Choosing Suitable Color Palettes for Accessible and Accurate Science Figures. Current Protocols. 4(8). doi: 10.1002/cpz1.1126. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  In a scientific context, a suitable color choice is more than simple decoration. Color handling, as part of scientific visualization, is a scientific methodology that is one of the most widely used, given the importance of figures and images in conveying results. Yet, an expert-level understanding and application of proper scientific coloring is rare. Here, a concise overview of important color tools is provided and complemented by ready-to-apply resources for using color in science research, publishing, communication, tool development, editing, and teaching. This overview offers a guide to spot problems, master the methodology, and support accessible and accurate use of color for science figures in both short and long terms.

• Cala, Juan Camilo Meza; Minakov, Alexander; Faleide, Jan Inge; Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour; Shephard, Grace & Mattingsdal, Rune [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Late Cenozoic intraplate volcanism as a trigger for hydrothermal venting in the Arctic southwestern Eurasia Basin. Communications Earth & Environment. 5. doi: 10.1038/s43247-024-01843-4. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Intraplate volcanism has occurred for the last 35 million years within Northeast Atlantic and Arctic margins, including the western Barents Sea, Svalbard, and northern Greenland. Earlier studies have suggested that some of this volcanism might be sourced from nearby mid-ocean ridges. However, legacy data does not reveal correlations between the sporadic volcanism, despite comparable setting, ages, and compositions of basalts across the area. Here, we utilize a compilation of geophysical data to document late Cenozoic intraplate volcanism affecting the northeastern Yermak Plateau and southwestern Eurasia Basin located north of Svalbard. The identified seabed and subsurface features include volcanic (Mound-A) and hydrothermal vent systems (Tayrona Vent) formed approximately 10 and 2.6 million years ago, respectively. These intraplate volcanic products are coincident in age and origin with observed hydrothermal systems on Svalbard and Northeast Atlantic. We propose that these magmatic features are the result of intraplate volcanism associated with seismic and thermal anomalies in the mantle beneath northern Svalbard.

• Yin, Yue; Crameri, Fabio; Shephard, Grace & Heron, Philip J. (2024). Changing your perspective: the impact of different visualisation methods on seismic hazard maps. Canadian journal of earth sciences (Print). ISSN 0008-4077. 61(12), s. 1264–1282. doi: 10.1139/cjes-2023-0123. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  A number of widely used colour palettes applied to display critical scientific results not only distort data but are also inaccessible to a proportion of the population. An issue with the rainbow palette (and variants such as “jet”) is that the gradients between the colours are not even. The impact of an uneven colour gradient is that certain colours are highlighted over others, distorting the underlying data. Furthermore, an uneven colour palette like rainbow may be inaccessible for people with colour vision deficiencies or colour blindness. When communicating scientific results, data should always be presented without distortion and be universally accessible. This is particularly important when communicating public-facing and time-critical information such as hazards. Here, we show the impact of changing the visualisation profile of seismic hazard maps on the perception of risk, as well as qualifying the public accessibility of this information. Using Canadian seismic hazard as an example, our results reveal that an uneven colour map applied to seismic hazard data can exaggerate lower hazard values and reduce the perception of extremely high hazard values. Applying an even colour gradient to our sample data not only allows this essential public resource to be universally accessible but was found to lead to the greatest visual change in regions with the most populated cities. The choice of colour map and subsequent data interpretations also holds relevance for considerations such as insurance. We highlight potential next steps to promote inclusiveness in data visualisation and welcome discussion on science communication best practices.

• Heron, Philip J.; Dannberg, Juliane; Gassmöller, Rene; Shephard, Grace; Hunen, Jeroen Van & Pysklywec, Russel N. (2024). The impact of Pangean subducted oceans on mantle dynamics: Passive piles and the positioning of deep mantle plumes. Gondwana Research. ISSN 1342-937X. 138, s. 168–185. doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2024.10.007. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Seismic imaging of the Earth’s interior reveals plumes originating from relatively hot regions of the lowermost mantle, surrounded by cooler material thought to be remnants of ancient subducted oceans. Currently, there is no clear consensus on the internal composition of the hot regions, with end-member conditions being that they are thermo-chemical in nature or purely thermal plume clusters. Previous modelling studies have shown a range of scenarios where deep chemical heterogenities or purely thermal anomalies are essential in developing appropriate present-day mantle dynamics. Here, we add to this discussion by quantifying the location of rising mantle plumes using numerical 3-D global mantle convection models constrained by 410 million years of palaeo-ocean evolution (encompassing the formation and breakup of supercontinent Pangea). Our study compares numerical simulations with purely thermal convection to those where a deep thermo-chemical anomaly is laterally mobile. The results show that models both with and without large-scale chemical heterogeneities can generate appropriate present-day plume dynamics, which illustrate the power of sinking ocean plates to stir mantle ow and control the thermal evolution of the mantle. Our models add to the discussion on bottom-up and top-down mantle dynamics, indicating the difficulty in unravelling the processes using numerical models alone.

• Heyn, Björn Holger; Shephard, Grace & Conrad, Clinton Phillips (2024). Prolonged Multi-Phase Magmatism Due To Plume-Lithosphere Interaction as Applied to the High Arctic Large Igneous Province. Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems. 25(6). doi: 10.1029/2023GC011380. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The widespread High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP) exhibits prolonged melting over more than 50 Myr, an observation that is difficult to reconcile with the classic view that large igneous provinces (LIPs) originate from melting in plume heads. Hence, the suggested plume-related origin and classification of HALIP as a LIP have been questioned. Here, we use numerical models that include melting and melt migration to investigate a rising plume interacting with lithosphere of variable thickness, that is, a basin-to-craton setting applicable to the Arctic. Models reveal that melt migration introduces significant spatial and temporal variations in melt volumes and pulses of melt production, including protracted melting for at least about 30–40 Myr, because of the dynamic feedback between migrating melt and local lithosphere thinning. For HALIP, plume material deflected from underneath the Greenland craton can re-activate melting zones below the previously plume-influenced Sverdrup Basin after a melt-free period of about 10–15 Myr, even though the plume is already ∼500 km away. Hence, actively melting zones do not necessarily represent the location of the deeper plume stem at a given time, especially for secondary pulses. Additional processes such as (minor) plume flux variations or local lithospheric extension may alter the timing and volume of HALIP pulses, but are to first order not required to reproduce the long-lived and multi-pulse magmatism of HALIP. Since melting zones are always plume-fed, we would expect HALIP magmatism to exhibit plume-related trace element signatures throughout time, potentially shifting from mostly tholeiitic toward more alkalic compositions.

• Heron, Philip J.; Gün, Erkan; Shephard, Grace; Dannberg, Juliane; Gassmöller, R. & Martin, Erin [Vis alle 10 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). The role of subduction in the formation of Pangaean oceanic large igneous provinces. Geological Society of London Memoirs. ISSN 0435-4052. 542(1), s. 105–128. doi: 10.1144/SP542-2023-12. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Large igneous provinces (LIPs) have been linked to both surface and deep mantle processes. During the formation, tenure and break-up of the supercontinent Pangaea, there is an increase in emplacement events for both continental and oceanic LIPs. There is currently no clear consensus on the origin of LIPs, but a hypothesis relates their formation to crustal emplacement of hot plume material originating in the deep mantle. The interaction of subducted slabs with the lowermost mantle thermal boundary and subsequent return flow is a key control on such plume generation. This mechanism has been explored for LIPs below the interior of a supercontinent (i.e. continental LIPs). However, a number of LIPs formed exterior to Pangaea (e.g. Ontong Java Plateau), with no consensus on their formation mechanism. Here, we consider the dynamics of supercontinent processes as predicted by numerical models of mantle convection and analyse whether circum-supercontinent subduction could generate both interior (continental) and exterior (oceanic) deep mantle plumes. Our numerical models show that subduction related to the supercontinent cycle can reproduce the location and timing of the Ontong Java Plateau, Caribbean LIP and potentially the Shatsky Rise by linking the origin of these LIPs to the return flow that generated deep mantle exterior plumes.

• Senger, Kim; Shephard, Grace; Ammerlaan, Fenna; Anfinson, Owen; Audet, Pascal & Coakley, Bernard [Vis alle 20 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Arctic Tectonics and Volcanism: a multi-scale, multi-disciplinary educational approach. Geoscience Communication. ISSN 2569-7102. 7(4), s. 267–295. doi: 10.5194/gc-7-267-2024. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Geologically, the Arctic is one of the least-explored regions of Earth. Obtaining data in the high Arctic is logistically, economically, and environmentally expensive, but the township of Longyearbyen (population of 2617 as of 2024) at 78° N represents a relatively easily accessible gateway to Arctic geology and is home to The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS). These unique factors provide a foundation from which to teach and explore Arctic geology via the classroom, the laboratory, and the field. UNIS was founded in 1993 as the Norwegian “field university”, offering field-based courses in Arctic geology, geophysics, biology, and technology to students from Norway and abroad. In this contribution, we present one of the educational components of the international collaboration project NOR-R-AM (a Norwegian-Russian-North American collaboration in Arctic research and collaboration, titled Changes at the Top of the World through Volcanism and Plate Tectonics) which ran from 2017 to 2024. One of the key deliverables of NOR-R-AM was a new graduate (Master's and PhD-level) course called Arctic Tectonics and Volcanism that we have established and taught annually at UNIS since 2018 and detail herein. The course's main objective is to teach the complex geological evolution of the Arctic from the Devonian period (∼ 420 million years ago, Ma) to the present day through integrating multi-scale datasets and a broad range of geoscientific disciplines. We outline the course itself before presenting student perspectives based on both an anonymous questionnaire (n=27) and in-depth perceptions of four selected students. The course, with an annual intake of up to 20 MSc and PhD students, is held over a 6-week period, typically in spring or autumn. The course comprises modules on field and polar safety, Svalbard/Barents Sea geology, wider Arctic geology, plate tectonics, mantle dynamics, geo- and thermochronology, and geochemistry of igneous systems. A field component, which in some years included an overnight expedition, provides an opportunity to appreciate Arctic geology and gather field observations and data. Digital outcrop models, photospheres, and tectonic plate reconstructions provide complementary state-of-the-art data visualization tools in the classroom and facilitate efficient fieldwork through pre-fieldwork preparation and post-fieldwork quantitative analyses. The course assessment is centred around an individual research project that is presented orally and in a short and impactful Geology journal-style article. Considering the complex subject and the diversity of students' backgrounds and level of geological knowledge before the course, the student experiences during this course demonstrate that the multi-disciplinary, multi-lecturer field-and-classroom teaching is efficient and increases their motivation to explore Arctic science.

• Heron, Philip J.; Dalton, Anonymous; Kath, Anonymous; Shephard, Grace; Hutchins, Sam & Stewart, Mhairi [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Student perspectives on creating a positive classroom dynamic: science education in prison. Research for All. 7(1). doi: 10.14324/RFA.07.1.08. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Detailed student perspectives on their involvement in prison education are limited in published literature, yet such contributions are invaluable to education practitioners wanting to create inclusive learning environments. This article focuses on the student experience of taking part in a science outreach programme teaching science in prison in England, which was designed to build confidence in students who face challenges in accessing education pathways. Here, former students share their experiences of the programme, as well as other education courses in prison, and offer guidance on best practices for those engaging in outreach or research with the prison population. In particular, their reflections highlight that by creating and maintaining an environment that is accessible, inclusive and relatable, students from all backgrounds are able to engage in course content, and overcome hidden barriers to accessing education. Furthermore, based on their lived experience, the students offer practical advice with regard to improving future access to education in prison. The aim of this article is to give a voice to students in prison about their education experience, highlighting which aspects of this outreach programme (and other education courses) were impactful for them.

• Gallo, Leandro Cesar; Domeier, Mathew Michael; Sapienza, F.; Swanson-Hysell, N. L.; Vaes, B. & Zhang, Y. [Vis alle 14 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2023). Embracing Uncertainty to Resolve Polar Wander: A Case Study of Cenozoic North America. Geophysical Research Letters. ISSN 0094-8276. 50(11). doi: 10.1029/2023GL103436. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  Abstract Our understanding of Earth's paleogeography relies heavily on paleomagnetic apparent polar wander paths (APWPs), which represent the time‐dependent position of Earth's spin axis relative to a given block of lithosphere. However, conventional approaches to APWP construction have significant limitations. First, the paleomagnetic record contains substantial noise that is not integrated into APWPs. Second, parametric assumptions are adopted to represent spatial and temporal uncertainties even where the underlying data do not conform to the assumed distributions. The consequences of these limitations remain largely unknown. Here, we address these challenges with a bottom‐up Monte Carlo uncertainty propagation scheme that operates on site‐level paleomagnetic data. To demonstrate our methodology, we present an extensive compilation of site‐level Cenozoic paleomagnetic data from North America, which we use to generate a high‐resolution APWP. Our results demonstrate that even in the presence of substantial noise, polar wandering can be assessed with unprecedented temporal and spatial resolution.

• Anfinson, Owen A.; Odlum, Margo L.; Piepjohn, Karsten; Poulaki, Eirini M.; Shephard, Grace & Stockli, Daniel F. [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Provenance Analysis of the Andrée Land Basin and Implications for the Paleogeography of Svalbard in the Devonian. Tectonics. ISSN 0278-7407. 41(11). doi: 10.1029/2021TC007103. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  During the Devonian, the Svalbard Archipelago lay at low latitudes, occupying a paleogeographic position at the intersection of Caledonian and Ellesmerian orogens. Provenance analysis, including detrital zircon U-Pb age studies, of Devonian (ca. 420–360 Ma) strata from the Andrée Land Basin, Svalbard, help reconstruct sediment sources to understand the assembly of the three basement provinces that make up Svalbard, which are presently separated by Devonian sedimentary basins and(or) faults with syn-to post-Devonian displacement. The studied Andrée Land Group strata, which are part of the North Atlantic's Old Red Sandstone, consist of the Early Devonian Wood Bay Formation and Middle to Late Devonian Mimerdalen subgroup. Paleocurrent indicators from Lower to lower-Middle Devonian strata record north-directed sediment transport. Detrital zircon U-Pb ages indicate a prominent “Caledonian” signal and include sources from Svalbard's Northwestern and(or) Southwestern basement provinces. In Middle and Upper Devonian strata, paleocurrents and detrital zircon ages record a shift to a predominantly eastern-northeastern provenance, likely from the uplifting Ny-Friesland block along the Billefjorden Fault Zone. Late Ediacaran-early Cambrian detrital zircons in the uppermost Planteryggen Formation (Frasnian) indicate extrabasinal sources possibly associated with the Timanian orogen of Northern Baltica. The combined provenance data suggest Svalbard may have already been assembled, similar to the modern block, with the Andrée Land Basin located between modern exposures of the Southwestern/Northwestern and the Northeastern basement provinces. Comparison of detrital zircon ages from Andrée Land Group strata with those from other circum Arctic Devonian strata provides constraints on Svalbard's paleogeographic position in the Devonian.

• Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour; Gac, Sebastien; Faleide, Jan Inge; Shephard, Grace; Tsikalas, Filippos & Polteau, Stephane [Vis alle 8 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Quantification and Restoration of the Pre-Drift Extension Across the NE Atlantic Conjugate Margins During the Mid-Permian-Early Cenozoic Multi-Rifting Phases. Tectonics. ISSN 0278-7407. 42(1). doi: 10.1029/2022TC007386. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The formation of the NE Atlantic conjugate margins is the result of multiple rifting phases spanning from the Late Paleozoic and culminating in the early Eocene when breakup was accompanied with intense magmatic activity. The pre-breakup configuration of the NE Atlantic continental margins is controlled by crustal extension, magmatism, and sub-lithospheric processes, all of which need to be quantified for the pre-breakup architecture to be restored. Key parameters that need to be extracted from the analysis of crustal structures and sediment record include stretching factors, timing of rifting phases, and nature of the deep crustal structures. The aim of this study is to quantify the pre-drift extension of the NE Atlantic conjugate margins using interpreted crustal structure and forward basin modeling. We use a set of eight 2D conjugate crustal transects and corresponding stratigraphic models, constrained from an integrated analysis of 2D and 3D seismic and well data. The geometry and thickness of the present-day crust is compared to a reference thickness which has experienced limited or no crustal extension since Permian time allowing the quantification of crustal stretching. Based on the eight conjugate crustal transects, the total pre-drift extension is estimated to range between 181 and 390 km with an average of 270–295 km. These estimates are supported by the results of forward basin modeling, which predict total extension between 173 and 325 km, averaging 264 km. The cumulative pre-drift extension estimates derived from basin modeling are in turn used to calculate the incremental crustal stretching factors at each of the three main rifting phases between the conjugate Greenland-Norwegian margins. The mid-Permian early Triassic rifting phase represents 32% of the total extension, while the equivalent values are 41% for the mid-Jurassic to mid-Cretaceous and 27% for the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene rifting phases. These values are used to establish and present at first, a full-fit palinspastic plate kinematic model for the NE Atlantic since the mid-Permian and will be the base for future work on more elaborated models in order to build accurate paleogeographic and tectonic maps.

Se alle arbeider i NVA

• Shephard, Grace; Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour; Faleide, Jan Inge; Clennett, Edward; Gac, Sebastien & Zahirovic, Sabin [Vis alle 9 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2025). A basin-to-plate deformable plate framework to capture the multi-phase rifting of the Northeast Atlantic. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2025). Comparing and contrasting multiple phases of Arctic Ocean development; insights on tectonics and magmatism from recent numerical modelling approaches including the surface and mantle. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2025). Eksklusive øydestinasjoner som du garantert aldri har sett før. geoforskning.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2025). Over the rainbow: making better colour bar choices for your scientific figures. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Heyn, Björn Holger; Shephard, Grace & Conrad, Clinton Phillips (2024). Prolonged multi-phase volcanism in the Arctic induced by plume-lithosphere interaction. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Thomas, Christine & Heyn, Björn Holger (2024). Imaging deep subducted lithosphere beneath the Indian Ocean with seismic source array recordings. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2024). Geodynamics of the Arctic and North Atlantic - Modelling mantle plume-lithosphere interactions, and deformable tectonic plates. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace & Heyn, Björn Holger (2024). New insights into the protracted and widespread nature of the High Arctic LIP and mantle plume. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2024). Arktisk geologi "Down Under". Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Jaah, Ilyas; Kiraly, Agnes; Shephard, Grace; Conrad, Clinton Phillips & Domeier, Mathew Michael (2024). On the Role of Anisotropic Viscosity on the Motion of the Pacific Plate. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2024). Smørbrod of surface and deep Earth mantle connections. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2024). Not Just for Plate Tectonics: A GPlates Software Crash Course in Displaying Diverse Geoscientific Datasets. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Schneider, Anna; Schuberth, Bernhard; Koelemeijer, Paula; Shephard, Grace & Al-Attar, David (2024). Exploring the potential of normal mode seismology for the assessment of geodynamic hypotheses. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Sartell, Anna Marie Rose; Beier, Christoph P.; Söderlund, Ulf; Senger, Kim; Shephard, Grace & Kjøll, Hans Jørgen [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2024). Geochemistry and geochronology of the High Arctic Large Igneous Province on Svalbard. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Distlebrink, Amber; Shephard, Grace; Koehl, Jean-Baptiste P.; Bergh, Steffen Gunnar & Beniest, Anouk (2024). Insights into the tectonic evolution of the northern Norwegian passive margin: Integrating field observations and plate modeling over 200 million years. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Crameri, Fabio & Shephard, Grace (2024). Graphic Design Course. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Straume, Eivind Olavson; Shephard, Grace & Crameri, Fabio (2024). Building and establishing the open collection of geoscience graphics. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2024). Havbunnsformene i Polhavet. geoforskning.no. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2024). False islands of the Arctic: the enigmatic and enduring Arctic landmass Crockerland. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Lasabuda, Amando P. E.; Shephard, Grace; Faleide, Jan Inge; Salles, Tristan & Muller, Dietmar (2023). RECONSTRUCTING THE BARENTS SEAWAY IN THE CENOZOIC – THE BRAVO PROJECT. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The Barents Seaway represents an important marine connection between the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. However, how and when precisely the Barents Seaway formed are not very well understood being overshadowed by its neighbor, the Fram Strait Gateway. The Bravo (Barents Sea Evolution) project will address this issue and aims at reconstructing the Barents Seaway paleobathymetry in the Cenozoic. The key challenge is to quantify the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of km-scale vertical movement of Cenozoic uplift and erosion due to glaciations and pre-glacial tectonism. BRAVO approach requires a comprehensive analysis of off-shelf sediment estimation, lithospheric strength, and other mantle-related processes in order to produce a reliable model. BRAVO will use extensive seismic and well data, and utilize numerical modelling technique using pyGPlates software. BRAVO will also test the paleobathymetry reconstructions by simulating the corresponding sediment source-to-sink in the Cenozoic using pyBadlands, an open-source codes for sediment transport, erosion and depositional processes. BRAVO is a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) project funded by the European Union’s Horizon Europe and the Research Council of Norway (2023-2026).

• Shephard, Grace; Heyn, Björn Holger & Conrad, Clinton Phillips (2023). Prolonged multi-phase magmatism due to plume-lithosphere interaction as applied to the High Arctic Large Igneous Province. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Heyn, Björn Holger; Shephard, Grace & Conrad, Clinton Phillips (2023). Locally amplified plume-lithosphere interaction and multiple melting events for 2-phase flow models. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2023). Magical Mystery Tour: Geodynamics of the Arctic. Keynote. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2023). Dont pat the polar bear” – and other life lessons from a decade in Norway. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace; Crameri, Fabio & Heron, Philip J. (2023). End the rainbow! Choose scientific colours for science. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Heyn, Björn Holger; Conrad, Clinton Phillips & Shephard, Grace (2023). Plume-lithosphere interaction and continental plume tracks. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Heyn, Björn Holger & Conrad, Clinton Phillips (2023). Development and implications of a free base for numerical models. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2023). Polar slabs and plumes: introducing the POLARIS project. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Heyn, Björn Holger; Shephard, Grace & Conrad, Clinton Phillips (2023). Amplification of sub-lithospheric dynamics by melt migration during plume-lithosphere interaction. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2023). Scaling across fields of knowledge: A perspective from the Solid Earth Sciences. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2023). "Professional Inspiration" talk. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace; Heyn, Björn Holger & Conrad, Clinton Phillips (2023). Large-scale volcanism at the top of the world; plume and melt modelling of the High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace; Crameri, Fabio & Straume, Eivind Olavson (2023). Ongoing experiences in establishing and building a grass-roots science outreach initiative; the s-Ink.org graphics repository. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace; Crameri, Fabio & Straume, Eivind Olavson (2023). Open graphics for open science; the s-Ink.org graphics repository. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2022). Introducing the POLARIS project – uncovering deep-to-surface connections. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2022). Modellering for en Digital Jord. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace; Gaina, Carmen; Heyn, Björn Holger; Conrad, Clinton Phillips; Anfinson, Owen & Schaeffer, Andrew [Vis alle 7 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). Exploring potential lower mantle structures and interactions for the origins of HALIP. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace; Faleide, Jan Inge; Gaina, Carmen; Abdelmalak, Mohamed Mansour; Gac, Sebastien & Torsvik, Trond Helge (2022). Building deformable plate models for the Northeast Atlantic. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2022). The seafloor is not a rainbow, implementing better colour choices in science. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Wentzcovitch, Renata; Shephard, Grace; Houser, Christine; Hernlund, John; Trønnes, Reidar G & Valencia, Juan (2022). Seismological expression of the iron spin crossover in ferropericlase in the Earth’s lower mantle. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Kästle, Emanuel; Shephard, Grace & Paul, Anne (2022). Vote maps of the Alpine upper mantle. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace; Crameri, Fabio & Straume, Eivind Olavson (2022). Introducing s-Ink.org; a community portal for sharing quality science graphics. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace (2022). Meeting place, Earth. Photo competition finalist. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  A suspended globe with visitors walking towards it from both directions. This composition gives an impression that the museum visitors are meeting at the Planet Earth. Photo taken at Miraikan – the National Museum of Emerging Science and Innovation in Tokyo, Japan. At the moment the photo was taken the projection shows a satellite image of the Earth – just upside down – or an antipodean pun of “Down Under On Top.” There are many tesselated tiles – electroluminescent panels – that make up the projection, utilizing over 10 million pixels. The background of image turned black-and-white but globe remains coloured.

• Shephard, Grace (2022). A smorgasbord of science; from Arctic to colours. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Shephard, Grace; Houser, Christine; Hernlund, John W; Valencia-Cardona, JJ; Trønnes, Reidar G & Wentzcovitch, RM (2021). Detecting the spin crossover in ferropericlase. Am. Geophys. Union Fall Mtg. DI14A-01. Am. Geophys. Union Fall Meeting Abstr.. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Serov, Pavel; Patton, Henry; Mazzini, Adriano; Mattingsdal, Rune; Shephard, Grace & Cooke, Frances Ann [Vis alle 11 forfattere av denne artikkelen] (2022). GEO-3144/8144 Teaching Cruise: Geologically controlled hydrocarbon seepage in Hopendjupet and the wider Barents Sea. UiT Norges arktiske universitet. doi: 10.7557/cage.6769. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  The CAGE22-6 cruise on-board R/V Helmer Hanssen hosted UiT´s Arctic Marine Geology and Geophysics (GEO-8144 and GEO-3144) field course for PhD and Master students, and was carried out in collaboration with NPD – the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate and the INTPART project HOTMUD based at Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics (CEED) the University of Oslo. The cruise was also a part of the UNESCO Training Through Research program (formerly, The Floating University) and in the framework of this project is also coded as TTR22.<p> <p>The main scientific objectives of the cruise were to investigate: geological controls on fluid-flow dynamics on an uplifted, repeatedly glaciated, and eroded Northern Norwegian Barents Sea shelf and, the fate of the released hydrocarbons in the water column, on the sea surface, and in the atmosphere.<p> <p>The cruise may be known as: CAGE22_6

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